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MindfulEatingandMentalWell-Beingin
Karachi,AMetropolitanCity
Zaynah Khan&Zainab F.Zadeh
I n t roduc t i on
MINDFULNESS:“anopen-hearted,moment-to-moment,non-
judgmentalawareness”(Kabat-Zinn,2005)
MINDFULEATING:“…beingawareinthepresentmomentwhenoneiseating;payingcloseattentiontothesenses,includingphysicalandemotionalsensations.”
(Albers,2008)
I n t roduc t i on
(Moor,Scott,&McIntosh,2012)
MENTALWELL-BEING:“Astatewhichallowsindividuals torealise theirabilities,copewiththenormalstressesoflife,workproductivelyandfruitfully,andmakea
contributiontotheircommunity”(WHO,2004)
Well-beinginKarachi,Pakistan
Sohail &Chaudhry (2004)
THEACTIVECITIZENSPROJECT
#SMILEPAKISTANCHALLENGE
#SMILEPAKISTANCHALLENGE
#SMILEPAKISTANCHALLENGE
THEPAKISTANICULTURE
• Foodetiquette• Senseofcommunity• Gratitude• Positivepsychologyingrainedinthecultureduetovariousreasons
• Verylessworkonnon-clinicalpopulation• Spillover-effect• Greaterqualityoflife• Positiveinterventions
HYPOTHES I S
Higherlevelsofmindfuleatingwillbesignificantlypositivelycorrelatedwithhigher
levelsofmentalwell-being
Participants
OnlineSurveymethod
Materials
TheMindfulEatingQuestionnaire(Framson etal.2009)28items– 5subdomainsdisinhibition,awareness,externalcues,emotionalresponse,anddistraction.validmeasurewithadequateconstructvalidityandreliability(Cronbach’s alphavalue=0.64).Subscalescoresalsohadgoodinternalconsistencyreliability:disinhibition (0.83),awareness(0.74),externalcues(0.70),emotionalresponse(0.71),anddistraction(0.64).
Materials
• TheWarwick-EdinburghMentalWell-beingScale(Tennantetal.,2007)14items-psychologicalfunctioning(psychologicalwell-being),affectiveandcognitive-evaluativeelements- 5-pointscales.Mediumtohighcontentandcriterionvalidity,andhightest–retest(0.83)andinternalconsistencyreliabilitywithaCronbach’s alphascoreof0.91.
P roc edu re
• PermissiontouseMEQandWEMWBS• OnlineSurveytool- ‘SurveyMonkey’• Informedconsent• Confidentiality• Thankyounoteandcontactdetails
Re su l t s
CorrelationbetweenMindfulEatingandMentalWell-being
.291(p<0.01)
Re su l t sTableCorrelationsbetweenMindfulEatingSub-domainsandMentalWell-being
ThetableshowsthePearsoncorrelationvaluethatexistsbetweenthesubdomainsofmindfuleatingandmentalwell-being(N=309).Correlationsweresignificantforallsubdomainsexceptthe‘ExternalCues’subdomain.
Discussion
OverallMindfulEatingScore
MentalWell-BeingScorer=.291
p<.05
Discussion
Awareness Subscale(r=.221,p<0.05)
• Anchoringselftothepresentthroughmindfuleatingprinciples
• Nonreactiveattentionresultinginacceptance• Kirby(2012)
Dis inhibit ion Subscale(r=.208,p<0.05)
• Self-regulationandproactivecoping(Aspinwall andTaylor,1997)
• Mindfulnessmaypredictself-regulatedbehaviorandpositiveemotionalstates(BrownandRyan,2003)
EmotionalResponseSubscale
(r=.189,p<0.05)• Mindfulnesspositivelycorrelatedwithrationalcoping(Palmer&Rodger,2009)
Distract ionSubscale(r=.105,p<0.05)
• Payingattentiontothepresenthasshowntohaveapositiveimpactonwell-being.(Kirby,2012)
• ChangingCulture
ExternalCues Subscale(r=-.063,p<0.136)
• CulturalReasons?• Over th ink ingandanalys is leads to lowerlevels of mentalwell-being
StrengthofCorrelation
Mindfulnesstoescapismorrumination(DelMonte,2011)
Implications
• Bettermentofqualityoflife
- Feedbackafterquestionnaires
• Encouragesfurtherresearch
• Clinicalsettings
Limitations&Recommendations
• Cannotinfercausality
• Difficulttogeneralize
• Lowerresponserate
• Cross-culturalvalidityofscales
THANKYOU