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8/10/2019 Mind Map Upsr Complete 1
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Basic Needs
Of Human
food
shelter
air
water
To protect from
1.1 Understanding that humans have basic needs
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Basic Needs
Of Animals
food
Shelter
air
water
To protect from
1.2 Understanding that animals have basic needs
Types :
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Plants Have Basic Needs
air Sun lightwater
With :
Without :
1.3 Understanding that plants have basic needs
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2.1 Analysing life processes that humans undergo
Analysing Life Processes ThatHuman Undergo
ta!e in air
give out air
"ose#$outh Wind%pipe &ungs
A process to produce
Their young or offspring
"umber of chest movement
'n a period of time
(rgans
% )ight
% )mell
% Taste
% )ound
% Touch
* +arbon dio,ide
- ater vapour /
* urine - mineral salt /
* )eat - mineral salt /
0aeces
urpose :
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2.2 eing aare that certain behaviour can disturb life processes
Behaviour That Can istur!
Life Processes
ffects
ffects
How to avoid
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2.3 Analysing the life processes that animals undergo
Animals Life Processes
!reathe"crete re#roduce
&ay ggs 4ive irth(rgans
$on!eybirdhale
fishpran
crab frogearthorm
insects
defecate
To get rid of aste productfrom their bodies
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2.5
&ife processesplants undergo
#lants res#ond to stimuli$
water, sunlight, touch, gravity.
hy plants need to reproduce
to ensure the survival of the species.
various ays plants reproducethroughseeds, spores, suckers, stem cutting,
leaves, underground stem.
hat ill happen to the orld if
plants do not reproduce.
no food supply.
plants reproduce.
Seeds balsam, corn, durian
Spores fern, mushroom
Suckers banana, pineapple
Stem cutting hibiscus, rose, tapioca
Leaves bryophyllum, begonia
Stem potato, onion, ginger and lily
the part of plant that responds
to touch.
the part of plant that responds
to sunlight.
Shoot
the part of plant that responds
to gravity.
Roots
the part of plant that responds
to ater
Roots
Science %ear &
'N()ST'*AT'N* L'('N* TH'N*S
2. &iving Things Undergo &ife rocesses
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S#ecial characteristics
of animals that #rotect them
from danger$
s#ecial !ehaviour
of animals that #rotect themfrom danger$
The s#ecial characteristics and
!ehaviour of animals hel# to#rotect them from danger$
+$, animals have s#ecific characteristics and
!ehaviour to #rotect themselves
Thic- and hard s-in
To #revent their enemies from in.uring
Hard shell
Snails and tortoise retract their head
And legs into the shell when the are
Attac-ed !y enemies
Hard scales
Pangolins and crocodiles have hard
scales To #rotect their !odiesfrom in.uries
S#ines
/aise the shar# s#ines when
the enemies
Advance towards them
Horns
Use their horn to attac- enemies$
Shar# claws
To #rotect themselves and their
%oung from the enemies0 lion 1cat1
Bears1 and eagle$
S#ray !lac- in-
ar- surrounding hel#s the animal not
to !een seen !y enemies
2 e$g3 octo#us1 s4uid
Poisonous sting or fangs
Can hurt and -ill enemies0e$g$$3 scor#ion1
centi#ede sna-e 1 !ee$
Camouflage
Has !ody colour or #atterns that that are
Similar to the surrounding
Pretend to dead
To tric- their enemies 2e$g$3 !eetle
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+$56+$+
Animals have s#ecific characteristics
and !ehaviour to #rotect themselves from
e"treme weather and survive
how s#ecific characteristics and
!ehavior of animals hel# to #rotect
them from very hot or cold weather$
s#ecific characteristics and
!ehavior of animals that #rotect
them from very hot and cold weather$
Hot weather Cold weather
7rin-led S-in
)le#hant 1hi##o#otamuses and !uffaloes
lose !ody heat through wrin-led s-ins
7allowing
)le#hant1 hi##o#otamuses and !uffaloes
-ee# their !ody cool !y wallowing in
mud holes
Hum#s
Camels store food and water in the form
Of fats in the hum#s on their !ac-$
Thic- 8ur
Polar !ears have thic- fur to #revent the !ody
8rom losing heat to cold surroundings$
8at Layers Under The S-ins
Penguins1 seals1 and whales have fat layers under
their s-in to -ee# their !odies warm
Small )ars
Seals and 7alruses have small ears to #revent
Heat loss from their !odies$
Hi!ernate
Polar !ears hi!ernates during e"treme cold
7eather
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+$& Plants have
s#ecific characteristics to #rotect
themselves from enemy
The s#ecific characteristics
of #lants that #rotect them
from enemies
How the s#ecific
characteristics of
#lants hel# to
#rotect themfrom enemies$
characteristics that
#rotect #lants$
Have thorns
#oisonous Have fine hairs
Produces
late"
Close leaflets
when touch
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+$9 Plants have s#ecific characteristics to
#rotect themselves from dry region and
strong wind
strong winddry region
)g 3 cactus.
a$ Long roots to a!sor! water
!$ Succulent stem can store
water
c$ Thorn can can #revent
the e"cessive loss of
water
)g3 Coconut tree1 !am!oo tree1
mangrove tree
a$ Have stems that !end easily
!$ Have !uttress roots
c$ Have se#arated leaves
d$ Needle0 sha#ed leaves
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INVESTIGATING FORCE ANDENERGY
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Volume
$A)U6$"T1.1Length
1.2Area
1.5a!!
1."T#me
1.$ Stan%ar%un#t!
1.&Sol#%
1.'L#(u#%
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1.1&ength
Terminology
% The distance
beteen to
points#place#position
Ways to measure
$easuring tape
+ubit
Arm span)tring
6uler
)tandard Tools
$easuring tape 6uler
Unit
mm cm m !m
+orrect techni7ue
% The eye must be
directly above the
end of ob8ect
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1.2 Area
%Area is the amount of)pace ta!en up by the
surface of an ob8ect.
Terminology
% Using s7uare card ith asides of 1 centimetre
)tandard unit
% )7uare millimetre *mm2/
% )7uare centimetre *cm2/
% )7uare metre *m2/
% )7uare !ilometre *!m2/
% Using formula
Area 9 length idth
1cm
1cm
;ifferent ays to measure area
2cm
5cm
9 5cm 2 cm
9
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Volume
Terminology
The amount of space that
something ta!es up
,$+ Solid
,$& Li4uid0ormula
&ength , idth , height
)tandard Units
mm3= cm3= m3
Tools
)tandard Units
measuring
cylinder
ml, l+orrect techni7ue
a/ ta!ing the reading at the
loest part of the meniscus.
b/ eyes must be at the same level
as the loest part of the meniscus
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1.> $ass
Terminology
% Amount of matter in
an ob8ect
Tools
lectronic
balance
)imple
balance
eam
balance
?itchen
scale
athroom
scale
&ever
balance
)tandard unit
mg g !g
+orrect techni7ue
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1.@ Time
Terminology
% ;uration beteen
to event
Way to measure
% )undial = sand
cloc! = candle cloc!
rocess that repeats uniformly
can be used to measure time
%)inging pendulum
%ulse rate candle
%ater dripping
%+hanging day and night
Tool
)tandard unit
% )econd = minute = hour
% ;igital cloc! = atch =
rist atch = cloc!
(ld cloc!
vents can be used measuring time
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1. The 'mportance of )tandard Units
% for accuracy and
consistency
% easy to communicate
and understanding
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'nvestigating
:aterials
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1.1
The properties of materials
'nsulator
8loat on water
Conduct
electricity
metal
conduct heatSin- in water
Light to #ass
through
+an be stretch
wood
stone ru!!er ring
glasscar!on plastics
metalwood
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,$5
A##lying -nowledge
#ro#erties of materials in everyday life
)uggest ays
to !eep things hot
+overed ith insulators
)uggest ays
to !eep things cold
hot thing cold thing
To prevent
heat loss
prevent from
absorbing heat
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,$+
Uses of
materials !ased on their #ro#erties
List of o!.ect
and materials that they
are made of
o!.ect materials #ro#erties
s#oon metal hard
tissue wood Soft
glasses glass trans#arent
/eason why #articular
materials are used to
ma-e an o!.ect
chea#
easy to get
strength
good 4uality
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natural
materials:an0made
materials
wood metal
ru!!er
cotton #lastics synthetic cloth
glass
State that man0made materials
comes from natural materials
reducing reusing recycling
#u!lic trans#ort #lastic !ag !ottle #lastics glass
,$&
The im#ortance of
reuse1 reduce and recycle of materials
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/UST'N* CAN P/)()NT)
;'006"T WAB) T(6C"T (D+T) 06($
6U)T'"4
Coating with nonrusting materials
;#aint
;oil
;grease
TE "+))A6B T(
6C"T 6U)T'"4
;)verlasting Live
;Save Natural
material
;Save Cost
;Loo-ing good
1.@
F+onclusionG 6usting can be avoided by preventing iron contact
ith air and ater.
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UN)/STAN'N* THAT SO:)
:AT)/'ALS CAN B) /UST
6U)TB (D+T) "(" 6U)TB
(D+T)
(D+T $A; (0
'6(" A"; )T&
(D+T $A; (0
4&A)) &A)T'+=
W((;= +&AB A"; )'&?
;Nail
;S#oon
;
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'N()ST'*AT'N*TH) )A/TH
AN
TH) UN'()/S)
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,$,
The solar system
&ist of
constituents
&ist of planets
lanets
move around
the )un
%"ine lanets%"atural satellites%$eteors%+omets
%Asteroids
:ercury :y
(enus (ery
)arth ),cellent
:ars :other=upiter =ust
Saturn Served
Uranus Us
Neptune Nine
Pluto Pudding
TH)
SOLA/
S%ST):
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,$5 The relative si>e
and distance !etween
the )arth1 the :oonand the Sun
)iHe of the )un
relative to the siHe
of the arth.
)iHe of the arth
relative to the siHe
of the $oon.
The relative distance from
the arth to the )un compared
to the relative distance from the
arth to the $oon.
the Sun
,
the )arth
,??
the )arth
,
the :oon
&
the )un
the arth the $oon
1>I III III !m 3II !m
, 3 &??
:uch nearer 3
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,$+
A##reciating the #erfect #lacement
of the #lanet )arth in the
Solar SystemWhy certain planets
are not conducive
for living things.)88)CTThe arth is
the only planet in the
)olar )ystem thathas living things.
The nearer a planet to the )un is=
the hotter is the surface of the planet .The farther a planet from the )un is=
the colder is the surface of the planet.
;o not have enough air and ater.
arth is the third planet from the )un= it receives enough light
and heat from the )un.'t is not too hot or too cold.The atmosphere of the arth contains air and there is ateron arth.
:uch nearer 3The temperature on the arth ould rise.Water on arth ould evaporate."o ater and the temperature ould be
very hot.
:uch farther 3The temperature on the arth ould drop.Water ould freeHe into ice.All living things ould die.
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'N()ST'*AT'N*
T)CHNOLO*%
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,$,$Understanding the im#ortance of technology in everyday life
Limitation of human a!ility)"am#les of human limitations are
Unable to see fine ob8ectsUnable to spea! loud
Unable to al! for long distanceUnable to see far aay ob8ects
evices to overcomehuman limitation
:icrosco#e0 The usage of lens to see fine
features of ob8ects and microbes
:icro#hone
0To increase the voice volume
Tele#hone
%To communicate from long distanceBicycle1 motorcycle1 air#lanes
%+an travel long distance
in a shorter time
Telesco#e1 !inocular
% To see far aay ob8ects
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T)CHNOLO*%
,$5Understanding The
evelo#ment Of
Technology
Agriculture
e$g$3
hoe #lough tractor
com!ine harvesterTrans#ortation
Land3 Animal !icycle
car trainAir3 hot air !alloon airshi#
glider aero#lane
7ater3 canoe raft
sam#an ferry
shi#
Communication
rawing carrier #igeon
Tele#hone
Construction
Cave hut wooden house
a#artment
)"am#les
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Pro!lems they
encounter in their daily life
T+E"(&(4B
'deas to solvethe #ro!lems identified
evice to solve
the #ro!lem identified.
emonstrate that device
invented can !e used to
solve the #ro!lem
identified
,$+
Synthesising
how technology
can !e used tosolve #ro!lems
Cannot move and lift heavy thing
Cannot move farther
S-etch the model
Brain storming
lever
wheel!arrow
Pully 2 can lift everything 7heel !arrow 2 can move heavything easily
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,$& Analysing That Technology Can Benefit :an-ind 'f Used 7isely
Advantages of Technology isadvantages of Technology
Communicationnable human to learn more about
things happening around the orldTrans#ortation
nable human to travel
far aay places in shorter time
Agriculture$achines ma!e it easier to plants
and harvest their cropsConstruction
6oads= highays= bridges and
building is easier and faster to build
nvironmental pollution from increase
'n aste materials
nvironmental destruction result from
e,cessive usage of natural resources
)ocial problem
ad effects on health result from
environmental pollution and e,cessive
use of chemicals
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,$, Understanding that microorganism is a living things
:icroorganism
Bacteria 8ungi Proto>ua (irus
Cannot see withna-ed eyes
*row:oveBreathe
Characteristics
+ause the
dough rise
6otten oranges$ouldy rice
tiny
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,$, Understanding that some microorganism are harmful and some are useful
Some Organisms Are Harmful AndSome Are Useful
Useful Harmful
+an cause
'llness 0ood
poisoning
0ood
stale
Tooth
decay
$a!ing bread#
tapai#tempe#fertiliHer
Prevention
isease
)tomach upset
$easles#cough
Tooth decay
+on8unctivitis#mumps
Washing hand
;rin! boiled ater
+overing mouth J
nose hen coughing
J sneeHing
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2.1
)urvival of Animal
)pecies
)"am#lesanimals that ta!e
care of their eggs and young.
howanimals ta!e care of
Their eggs and young.
7hyanimals ta!e care of
their eggs and young.
Bird - ggs !ith shell covering
"rog - ggs are thick, slimy and having bad smell
Spider - kept in a bag underneath its body"ish - keep their young in their mouths
Snake, #iger - attack in order to protect their eggs
#urtle - hide their eggs
$angaroo - carry their young in their pouches
lephant - stay in herds
2.3
'mportance
Shortage of food resource
%nimals and plants species
may face e&tinction.
Bird, "rog, Spider, "ish, Snake,
turtle, $angroo, lephant
#o ensure the survival
of their species
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2.2
)urvival of lant
)pecies
Water
,plosive
mechanism
Wind
Animal
&ight
Air )pace in the fruits
"ot ater absorbent
&ight
)mall in siHe
Winged
;ry hen ripe
,plodes hen mature
rightly coloured
dible
Eave smells
Eave hoo!
+oconut
&ily
)horea
Angsana
&alang
6ubber fruit
alsam fruit
+hestnut
6ambutan
$ango
&ove grass
$imosa
Agents of dispersal )pecial characteristic ,amples
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+$, 8ood Chain
Animals and the
food they eat
Classify animals into
her!ivore1 carnivore
and omnivore$
Producer ConsumerConstruct food chain
*reen #lant o!tain
energy from
the sun to ma-e
food$ *reen
Plant as a #roducer
Her!ivore 3
Animals that eat #lants only$
e$g$3 cow1 goat1 deer
Carnivore3
Animals that eat other animals$
e$g$3 tiger1 lion
Omnivore3
Animals that eat #lants and
other animals
Animals that eat #lant
or other animals
are called consumers$
The food relationshi#
among living things
can !e shown !y
a food chain$
To construct food
chain 't must start
with #lant asa #roducer$
'n a food chain
the arrow
means @eaten !y
All living things need
food to survive$
*reen #lant can ma-e their
own food$ However
animals cannot
ma-e their own ma-e
their own food$
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3.2 )ynthesiHing food chain
to construct food eb.
8ood
we!
7hat will ha##en
'f there is a change in
#o#ulation of a certain
s#ecies in a food we!
8ood
we! of different
ha!itats
7hat will ha##ento a certain s#ecies
of animals if they
eat only one ty#e
of food
Paddy field
garden
A change in the #o#ulation
of a certain s#ecies
will effect the Po#ulation
of other s#ecies
They will face difficulty
to survive 2 if the
Source of food
runs out
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1 nergy
2 lectricity
3 &ight
5 Eeat
'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
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'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
)N)/*% ,$, The Uses of )nergy
Why energy
is neededK
% by living things to carry
out life processes.
, : moving= breathing= groing
The )ources of nergy
)un
% main source of energy
% produces light and heat
0ood
% food contains
stored energy
Wind
% $oving air
% Used to pump
ater= drive
small samills
% to move= boil= melt=
or bounce non%living things
0uelatteries
% ood= coal=
petroleum=
natural gas
% device that
generated
electrical energy
from chemical energy
Water
% moving or
falling ater
produceenergy
'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
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'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
)N)/*%
,$5 )nergy can !e transformed from
one form to another
0orm of energy)ound energy
Eeat energy
&ight energy lectrical energy ?inetic energy
+hemical energy
otential energy
nergy can be
transformed
a/ lighting a candle
+hemical energy L
heat energy - light energy
b/ ?ic!ing a ball
+hemical energy L
!inetic energy L
heat energy
,ample of appliance that ma!e use of
energy transform
a/ lectric iron
lectrical energy L heat energy
b/ 6adio
lectrical energy L sound energy
c/ Television
lectrical energy L sound energy - light energy
'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
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'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%
)N)/*%
,$+ /enewa!le and
Non0renewa!le )nergy
6eneable energy
nergy that
cannot
be replaced
6esources
solar= ind=
biomass fuel=
ater
"on%reneable energy
nergy that be
replenished hen
it is used up
6esources
natural gas=
petroleum=
coal
Why use energy iselyEo to use energy
)ome energyresources cannot
be replenished
hen used upTo save
cost
Avoid
astage
6educe
pollution
Turn off the
television hen
no one
atching it
)itch off the
lights before
going to leave
the room
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)lectricity Sources;ry cell
Accumulator
;ynamo
)olar cell
Ty#e of circuit
"ame )ymbol
;ry cell
+onnectingire
)itch
ulb
)ymbol and componentarallel circuit )eries circuit
Precautions
;ifferences
The bulb in the parallel circuit is brighter
then the bulb in the series circuit
;anger of mishandlingelectrical appliances
0ire urn
lectric shoc! lectrocution
)afety
precautions to be
ta!en hen using
appliances
;o not touch electrical
appliances ith et hand
;o not repair electrical
appliances on your on
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&ight
+an be reflected
Eo K
Uses of reflection
)ide mirror of a car
eriscope ?aleidoscope
Travel in a straight line
Eo shado
is formed
When light is
completelyor partially
bloc!ed by
an opa7ue
ob8ect
The light that
falls on ob8ects
Mbounces offN
the ob8ects and
comes to your
eyes
mirror
)hado form
(pa7ue ob8ect
&ight
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Eeat 4ain&oss +ooler
Warmer
Eo to measure temperature
using the correct techni7ue
The effects of heat
on matter
$atter e,pandshen heated $atter contracthen cooled
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'nvestigating:aterials
water mil- air wood
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,$, :atter e"ist in the form of solid1 li4uid or gas
solid li4uid gas
has mass
Pro#erties of solid Pro#erties of li4uid Pro#erties of gas
fi"ed
volume
fi"ed sha#e
has mass
e"am#les
no #ermanent sha#e
fi"ed volume
stemstone
cant fi"ed
sha#e
has mass
Cant fi"ed
volume
can com#ressed
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,$5
CHAN*'N*
STAT)S O8
7AT)/
gas % li7uid
li7uid % gas
li7uid % gas
solid % li7uid melting
Boiling
Affected !y windy and hot
weather
eva#oration
condensation
8ree>ing
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1.31.3
Understanding the water cycle.Understanding the water cycle.
+irculation of ater in+irculation of ater in
the environment.the environment.
0ormation of clouds0ormation of clouds
and rain.and rain.'mportance of ater.'mportance of ater.
+hanges in the states of+hanges in the states of
matter in the ater cyclematter in the ater cycle
&i7uid to gas *evaporation/&i7uid to gas *evaporation/;roplets of ater ill;roplets of ater ill
become bigger andbecome bigger and
heavier Lheavier L rain
evaporation
condensation
sea
4as L li7uid *+ondensation/4as L li7uid *+ondensation/
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,$&,$&
A##reciating the im#ortanceA##reciating the im#ortance
of water resources$of water resources$
To #revent living a4uatic from !eingTo #revent living a4uatic from !eing
destroyed and undergoing e"tinctiondestroyed and undergoing e"tinction
/easons to -ee# our/easons to -ee# our
water resources clean$water resources clean$ To ensure the cleanlinessTo ensure the cleanliness
of water su##lyof water su##ly
To regulateTo regulate
the formation ofthe formation of
clouds and rainclouds and rain
To avoid infectedTo avoid infected
diseasesdiseases
7ays to -ee# our water7ays to -ee# our water
resources cleanresources clean
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5$, The #ro#erties of acid15$, The #ro#erties of acid1
al-aline and neutral su!stances$al-aline and neutral su!stances$
'dentify the taste of acidic'dentify the taste of acidic
and al-aline food$and al-aline food$
'dentify acidic1 al-aline'dentify acidic1 al-aline
and neutral su!stancesand neutral su!stances
using litmus #a#er$using litmus #a#er$
+onclude the properties of+onclude the properties ofacidic= al!aline and neutralacidic= al!aline and neutral
substances.substances.
Changes in colourChanges in colourof litmus papersof litmus papers
blue to redblue to red red to bluered to blue
no changeno change
bitterbitter soursour
Properties of alkaliProperties of alkali
Properties of acidProperties of acid
Properties ofProperties of
neutral substancesneutral substancesTaste bitter & changeTaste bitter & change
red litmus paper bluered litmus paper blue
Taste sour & chanTaste sour & chan
blue litmus paperblue litmus paper
Other tastes Other tastes
no changes in litmus paperno changes in litmus paper
acidacid alkalinealkaline
neutralneutral
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'N()ST'*AT'N*TH) )A/TH
AN
TH) UN'()/S)
l ti harvesting
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)ho
directions
'ndicates
)easons
A group of stars that form a
certain pattern in the s!y
'mportance of
constellation
'dentify
constellation
What constellation is
1.1 Understanding
the constellation
+onstellation
ig dipper
)corpion
(rion
)outhern +ross
"orth
"orth)outh April Dune
?ite or +ross
)corpion
Eunter
Water dipper
south
;ecember % Danuary
Dune % August
planting harvesting
desert
sea
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5$,
The movements
of the )arth1 the :oon
and the Sun
)arth rotates
on it a"is
)arth rotates
and at the
same time
moves around
the sun
:oon rotates
on it a"is
:oon rotatesand at the
same time
moves around
the )arth
The :oon and
the )arth move
round the Sun at
the same time
The earth
rotates on its a"is
from west to east
The changes
in length and #osition
of the shadow
throughout the day
TH) )A/TH 1 TH) :OON
AN TH) SUN
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5$5
The occurrence of day and night
't is day time for the #art
of the )arth facing the Sun$
't is night time for
the #art of the )arth facing
away from the Sun$
ay and night occur
due to the rotation of the )arth
on its a"is$
the Sun the )arth
night-timenight-time
daytimedaytime
a&isa&is
!est!est easteast
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5$+ Phases Of The :oon
The :oon oes Not )mit Light
The :oon a##ear !right
when it reflect sunlight
escri!e the #hasesof the moon
,0New moon1 +0 New half moon1 90 8ull moon
0 Old half moon
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'N()ST'*AT'N*
T)CHNOLO*%
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,$,
The sha#es of o!.ects in a structure
The sha#e of o!.ects 'dentify sha#e in structure
+uboid+ube
+ylinder
)phere +oneyramid
)phere
+ylinder
Strength
and
)hapes of ob8ects that arestable
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Sta!ilitystable
The factors that affect
stability of ob8ects
Eo base area affects
stability
Eo height affects stability
,$5
The strength
and
sta!ilityof a structure
The factors that affect the
strength of a structure
esign a model thatis strong and sta!le
Cu!e1 cone1 cylinder
Height 1 !ase area
Bigger !ase area more sta!le
Smaller !ase area less sta!le
Lower o!.ect more sta!le
Higher o!.ect less sta!le
Ty#es of materials used
Steel 1'ron1 7ood
Suggested design strong and sta!le
Bridge 2 one with manila card
one with wood
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'"C)T'4AT'"4 &'C'"4
TE'"4)
,$,,$,
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AnimalsAnimals
Some
live in solitaryDAnimals that live !y themselvesE
SomeSome
live in grou#slive in grou#s
DAnimals that live togetherEDAnimals that live togetherE
zebra girafesgirafesbees ants tigerlizardcatsnake
For saetyFor Food
To avoid competition or oodTo avoid com#etition for s#ace
+ooperation is a form
of interaction
)unlight &imited sunlight can reach them
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,$5,$5
Understanding that com#etition is a form ofUnderstanding that com#etition is a form of'nteraction among living things'nteraction among living thingsAnimals
lants
0actors for compete
0ood
Water
$ate
)helter
)pace
&imited food resources
&imited ater resources
Trying to get mate to breed
;efending or loo!ing for shelter
;efending or loo!ing for space
0actors for compete
"utrient
)unlight
Water
)pace
&imited sunlight can reach them
&imited ater resources
&imited space
&imited nutrient
6eason
6eason
Dodo birdDinosaurAuk bird
TigerTurtle
Ra"essiaPitcher #lant$ " t
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,$+
Understanding the
res#onsi!ility of human !eings
in #rotecting endangered s#ecies
,tinct animal
ndangered animal
ndangered plant
0actors
of ,tinction
ays to prevent
e,tinction
Auk birdDesert ratkangaroo
MammothQuagga
Tasmanian wolf
Orang UtanPandaRhinocerosHornbilllue !hale
$enus "% tra#!ild orchid
Illegal )unt#ng&le#hant ' Tusk
Tiger ' (kin ) one
lue !hale ' *at+iant Panda ' *urRhinoceros , Horn
Illegal Logg#ngHuman cut trees*orest clearing
The destruction of habitat
E*+e!!#,e %e,elo-ment!ater ) air PollutionMan% habitat has
destro%ed
E*treme eather-ong dr% season
*lood*orest .re
/am#aign against
e0cessi1e -ogging&ducate the #ublicabout the im#ortance of#rotecting ) conser1ing
animals ) #lantA1oid consuming orbu%ing #roducts made
from endangered s#ecies
&nforcing the lawRe#lanting
(electi1e logging(etting u# forest
reser1ed(etting rehabilitation
centre
&ncourage rec%cle 2reuse ) reduce /am#aign
&rosion
The -ost of habitatThe lose of raw material )food su##lies/limate changes
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,$&
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1.Force 2.Movement
'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C)
AN )N)/*%
'N()ST'*AT'N* 8O/C) AN )N)/*%;
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8O/C)
ull an action of bringing an ob8ect
toards us
ush an action of moving an ob8ectaay
;
0
'
"
'
T
'(
"
ffects
$ove a stationary ob8ect
)top a moving ob8ect
+hange direction of moving ob8ect
$a!e ob8ect move faster or sloer
+hange the motion an ob8ect
+hange the shape of an ob8ect
0riction
;efinition
%0orce that apposes
the movement of an
ob8ect.
%To surfaces occurs
rub against each
other
ffects
%)urfaces arm.
%;ifficult to move
%Wear and tear.
%)lo don and
stop
6educe
%&ubricant :oil= a,=
grease or ater
%Air cushion
%Talcum poder
%6oller marbles
%all bearing
Advantages
1. Eold thing
2. Wal! ithout slipping
3. )harpen a !nife
5. )lo don moving
;isadvantages
1. Worn out the shoes # tyre
2. roduce heat
Advantages#;isadvantages
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$ovement
)peed
A measurement on ho fast an ob8ect moves
an ob8ect
hich moves
faster travels
a longer
distance in agiven time
;efinition
an ob8ect
hich move
faster ta!es a
shorter time
travel a givendistance
+onclusion
+alculation
0ormula
)peed 9 distance # time
Unit!m#h=m#s =cm#s
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0ood that has turned bad and
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$icrobes that
spoilt food
+ondition for
microbes to groWhat is
spoilt food
Un#leasent smelleg. 0ish ith bad smellUn#leasent taste
eg. mil! turns sourChanged colour
eg.vegetables= rice
Changed te"tureeg. Bogurt turns curd:ouldy
eg. Bogurt have many
blac! spots
+haracteristics of
)poilt 0ood
is not suitable to be eaten
Bacteria 8ungus
AirWater"utrient)uitable
Temperature* >O+ % @>O + /)uitable acidity
,$, 8ood S#oilage
)"am#le 3fi h f it
)"am#le 3ggs ater
)"am#le 3eggs= vegetables= fruits )"am#le 3
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,$5 8ood Preservation*rocess hereby food turning
bad is sloed don/
;ryingoiling +ooling Cacuum
pac!ing
ic!ling
0reeHing
fish= pran= fruits
/eason 3
acteria and fungi cannot
gro ithout ater
ggs= ater
/eason 3
oiled ill !illed bacteria
and fungi
gg g
/eason 3
+old temperature slo
don the groth of
bacteria and fungi
iscuits= crac!ers=
/eason 3
acteria and fungi
cannot gro
ithout ater
/eason 3
revents the groth
of bacteria and
fungi
)"am#le 3
0ruits= chili= fish
ottling#canningasteurising)alting
/eason 3
acteria and fungi
cannot active at a
very lo temperature
)"am#le 3
0ish= meat
/eason 3
acteria and fungi
cannot gro
ithout air
)"am#le 3
$eat= fish= fruits
/eason 3
;estroy
microoganism
)"am#le 3
$il!= yogurt
/eason 3
acteria and fungi
cannot gro in very
salt substances
)"am#le 3
0ish= eggs
/eason 3
;ry the food
)"am#le 3
0ish= meat
/eason 3
)lo don theloss of ater
)"am#le 3
0ruits
)mo!ing
Wa,ing
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,$+ The 'm#ortance of
Preserving 8ood
0ood can be !ept
for a longer time
asier to
store
asier to
carry
To prevent the
astage of food
5$, The )ffects of
'm#ro#er 7aste is#osalT #es of aste
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'm#ro#er 7aste is#osal
On The )nvironment4as
&i7uid)olid
0rom agricultural
activities0rom vehicles and
open burningTo,ic materials6ubbish
Sources of wastes
Ty#es of waste
(pen burning&ittering+hanelling% aste
factories into river
6eleasing smo!eand dangerous gasses
Treat aste ater?eep environment
and home clean6euse and recycle
rubbish and aste6educe caruild factories far
from home
The im#ro#er
ways dis#osal Smo-e dissolved
form wea- acid?ills plants J fish;estroys building J
bridges
/u!!ish thrown in
rivers or drain+ause flash%floods
J ater over flo?ill plants J animals
in the river
O#en !urning+ause asthma J
eye irritationAir pollution
isease+ause by eating
polluted fish and plants
The Harmful
)ffect
The #ro#er
dis#osal ways
5 5 Some 7aste
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Animal e,tinction
Eabitats destruction)poil natural beauty
+hange +limate
Tin canlastic
)ynthetic
4lass$etal ob8ects
4ive out
poisonous gasUnpleasant
smell
6eturn nutrient
to soilrevent rubbish
from accumulate
aperWood0ood$eat
0ungiacteria
5$5 Some 7aste
Can ecay
7aste that decay
7aste that do not decay
:icro!es that cause
waste to decay
Advantages ofwaste decaying
isadvantages ofwaste decaying
7hat will ha##en if
waste do not decay
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'N()ST'*AT'N* TH) )A/TH
F TH) UN'()/S)
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+&') (0 TE $(("
The arth is
beteen the )un
and the $oon
The arth= the $oon
and the )un are
positioned in a
straight line
The arthNs position
bloc!s sunlight from
reaching the $oon.
The arthNs shado
is formed on the
$oon surface and
cause an eclipse ofthe $oon
)un $oon
arth
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+&') (0 TE )U"
The $oon is
beteen the )un
and the arth
The arth= the $oon and
the )un are positioned in a
straight line
The $oonNs bloc!s
the sunlight from
reaching the arth
The $oonNs shado
is formed on the
arthNs surface)U"
arth
$oon
The place that e,perienced full eclipse is completely dar! during the day time
EA)) (0 TE )U" ;U6'"4 TE +&')
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'N()ST'*AT'N*
T)CHNOLO*%
, , Sim#le machineA device that allows us to use
l f t - - i
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7H))L AN AGL)
,$,$ Sim#le machine
L)()/
7)*)
PULL)%
*)A/
'NCL'N) PLAN)
SC/)7
%To carry or move heavy o!.ects
%e$g$ hammer 1 s#oon 1 scissor
%To lift heavy o!.ects easier
e$g$ stairs 1 slanting wooden #lan-
%To carry to move heavy o!.ects easily
e$g screw driver 1 car s#anner
%To carry or lift o!.ects to a higher #lace
%e$g flag #ole 1 crane
%To cut or se#arate o!.ects
%)$g -nife 1 saw 1 a"e
%To fi" two o!.ects together
%)$g drill !it 1 s#anner
%To move o!.ects easily
%*ear in a watch
less force to ma-e wor- easier
or faster
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1.2 Analysing a
comple,
machine
$ade up of more
than one simple
machine.
7heel!arrow&ever= heel and a,le
Crane4ear= pulley= lever
)gg Beater
4ear= heel and a,le
Bicycle
4ear= lever=
heel and a,le Scissors&ever= edge
Hand rill
Wedge= heel and a,le
f
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1.3 Appreciating the invention of machines that
ma!e life easier.
&ife ith machine &ife ithout machine
;ifficulty moving heavy things.
Will not be able to travel from
one place to another faraay
place.
Eelp to move heavy things.
Wor! in the fields is made easier and
productivity of agricultural product is
raised.
+onstruction or! is made easier and
can be completed faster.
Eelp us travel from one place toanother.
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5&M 5&/&RM&R-A6+A6
U-U- A-A
7on Pela8aran Temerloh 9::;
(/3&6/&Oleh
&ncik Ahmad bin (ha.e