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Mind and MachineMind and Machine
Using computers to understand Using computers to understand how the mind works.how the mind works.
Same or different?Same or different?
A brief history of AI:A brief history of AI:PrehistoryPrehistory
AutomataAutomata
Descartes: Animals as machinesDescartes: Animals as machines
Computing machinesComputing machines
Da Vinci, Pascal, and SchickardDa Vinci, Pascal, and Schickard
Babbage’s Difference Engine Babbage’s Difference Engine and Analytical Engineand Analytical Engine
The First breakthroughThe First breakthrough
The Analytical Engine was the firstThe Analytical Engine was the firststored program computerstored program computer..
Such a computer has a set of basic Such a computer has a set of basic instructions used in different sequences to instructions used in different sequences to perform calculations.perform calculations.
Complex calculations can be built from Complex calculations can be built from simple instructionssimple instructions
The Turing TestThe Turing Test
Passing grades?Passing grades?
PARRY the Paranoid RobotPARRY the Paranoid Robot
Eliza: Eliza: http://www-ai.ijs.si/eliza-cgi-bin/eliza_script
Chat bots: Chat bots: http://www.botspot.com/search/s-chat.htm
What about my cats?What about my cats?
Information processing Information processing theorytheory
The symbol system The symbol system hypothesishypothesis
Successes:Successes: Logic TheoristLogic Theorist SHRDLUSHRDLU GPSGPS MYCIN and other Expert SystemsMYCIN and other Expert Systems
The birth of Cognitive The birth of Cognitive ModelingModeling
Searle’s Chinese RoomSearle’s Chinese Room
Does the Chinese Room hold Does the Chinese Room hold water?water?
Where is the burden of proof?Where is the burden of proof?
Meaning and Understanding Meaning and Understanding in symbol systemsin symbol systems
Computer programs as Computer programs as theories of mindtheories of mind