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Ecosystems

consist of

studies interrelationships of

MatterCycling

Human Systems

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE: CONCEPTS AND CONNECTIONS

interact with

CommunitiesEnergyFlow

function throughundergo

Change

consist of

Nonliving(Abiotic)

PopulationsLiving(Biotic)

between primarilyfrom

Sunlight

through

Population DynamicsSuccessionEvolution

consist of

consist of

Physical FactorsChemical Factors

Organisms

includes includes

ProducersConsumers

Decomposers

Resources

include

MatterResources

may be may be

Nonliving

Nonrenewable

includes

are

PotentiallyRenewable

includeprimarilydeterminedby

Minerals A ir Water Soil

Living

provide

Land Systemsdeserts

grasslandsforests

Aquatic Systemsoceanslakes

streamswetlands

FoodResources Ecosystem Services

nutrient cyclingpest control

waste purificationgenetic material

Biodiversitygenes

speciesecosystems

Crops Livestock Fish

depend on

Climate Pest Control

may be

BiologicalChemical

(pesticides)affects

EnergyResources

Renewabledirect sun

windbiomass

flowing water

consist of

Nonrenewablefossil fuelnuclear

can sustain

can decrease

depletes

provide

meet needs and wants through

affect development of

Worldviews

Economics/Politics

Societies

Populations(size, density)

Environment/Human Health

Resource UseEcosystem Use

Preservation

Polluting

DegradationAir

WaterSoil

ManagementDoing

NothingPollutionControl

PollutionPreventionThrowaway

WasteManagement

WasteReduction

Loss ofBiodiversity

ClimateChange

StratosphericOzone Depletion

UnacceptableHealth Risk

developthroughdiffering

guide

influence

Unsustainable Sustainable

may be may be

maymay

Exceedcarrying capacity Stabilize Decline

affectqualityof

affected bystrategies of

includes includes includes

leading to

may be

Developed by Jane Heinze-Fry with assistance from G. Tyler Miller, Jr.(For assistance in creating your own concept maps, see the website for this book.)

includes

negatively affect positively affect

made of

Connections strongly influencingenvironmental quality

Negative Connections

Strongly Positive Connections

Moderately Positive Connections

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Map 1. Overview

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Map 2. Cultural Changes

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Map 3B. Complex Systems: Structures and Behaviors

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Map 3C. Matter and Energy Resources

pollution

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Map 4B. Nutrient Cycles

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Map 5. Evolution and Biodiversity: Origins, Niches, and Adaptation

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Map 7. Aquatic Ecology

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Map 8. Community Processes: Species Interactions and Succession

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Map 10. Mineral and Soil Resources

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Map 11. Risk, Toxicology, and Human Health

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Map 12. Human Population: Growth, Demography, and Carrying Capacity

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Map 13. Food Resources

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Map 15. Nonrenewable Energy Resources

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Map 16. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

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Map 17. Air Pollution

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Map 18. Climate Change and Ozone Loss

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Map 20. Pest Control

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Map 21. Solid and Hazardous Wastes

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Map 22. Sustaining Wild Species

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Map 23B. Sustaining Ecosystems: Deforestation, Biodiversity, and Forest Management

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Map 25. Economics and Environment

GPI

environmental

indicators

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Map 27. Environmental Worldviews, Ethics, and Sustainability