Milestones in the History of the Free Society

and Prospects for Perpetuation

A Public Conference Cosponsored by the Association for the Study of Free Institutions,

University of Nebraska at Omaha

Monday-Tuesday,

May 20-21, 2013All Sessions in

Lewis Library 120

Free societies are apt to have milestones in a way that other societies do not. All societies experience change, and it is always possible to identify especially important moments in their

histories. Nevertheless, the free society unleashes a kind of social dynamism that generates history, and milestones in that history, in a more emphatic sense. Unfree societies aspire to and tend to foster preservation, especially of the existing hierarchy of authority. Stability is central, and change peripheral, to such societies. But the dynamism of the free society generates social development and an expectation of dramatic social change over time, such that it becomes possible to speak of the history of that development and the milestones in that history. Its members use the freedom it provides to demand and win new freedoms. This change, however, almost always turns out to be controversial within the free society itself. Some members view its changing conceptions of freedom as progress, others as decay. Thus the dynamism of the free society can never be viewed unambiguously as a pure sign of its flourishing, but can also be viewed as endangering its perpetuation. In other words, the milestones in the history of the free society will tend to be controversial even among those most committed to the free society.

With a view to understanding this tension between progress and perpetuation in the free society, the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions and the Association for the Study of Free Institutions are pleased to offer a conference entitled “Milestones in the History of the Free Society—And Prospects for Perpetuation.” The program includes scholars from a variety of disciplines in the social sciences and humanities speaking on issues relating to this theme. We seek to address a number of questions. Can the welfare state that has emerged in the free society be maintained as it currently exists, or must it be reformed in order to be preserved? Is the welfare state an unadulterated achievement of the free society, or does it somehow sap the foundations of freedom? Is the transformation of morals and manners over the last two centuries an expansion of individual freedom that should be celebrated, or does it mark a decline in ethical discipline and hence a threat to the free society? Does the free society depend on a certain conception of marriage, or does it express its freedom precisely in permitting a multiplicity of views of what marriage is? What is the role of political and social authority in the free society? Have free societies experienced a decline in deference to authority, and if so, is such a decline an improvement in the free society or a threat to its long-term health? In the United States, is the modern Supreme Court an agent of progress, or has its aggressive use of the judicial power gone beyond what is appropriate to a free and self-governing people? Is the Constitution of the United States a permanently valuable charter of the free society, or do the structures and procedures it codifies impede further progress in freedom? Finally, and most generally, by what standards are we to judge what is progress and what is decay, what perfects the free society and what undermines it?

Milestones in the History of the Free Society

and Prospects for Perpetuation A Public Conference Cosponsored by the Association

for the Study of Free Institutions, University of Nebraska at Omaha

The James Madison Program would like to thank the Thomas W. Smith Foundation for its generous support of this conference.

Conference ScheduleMonday, May 20, 2013

10:30 – Noon Presentation to Harvey C. Mansfield of 2013 James Q. Wilson Award for Distinguished Scholarship on the Nature of a Free Society

Presenter: James W. Ceaser, University of Virginia, on behalf of the Association for the Study of Free Institutions

Keynote Address Harvey C. Mansfield, William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Government, Harvard University

1:30 – 3:15 p.m. The Welfare State at 80: Perils and Prospects

Panelists: John J. DiIulio, Jr., University of Pennsylvania Lawrence Mead, New York University James Piereson, The Manhattan InstituteChair: Matthew J. Franck, The Witherspoon Institute

3:45 – 5:30 p.m. Manners, Morals, Marriage, and the Free Society (on the Bicentennial of Jane Austen’s Pride and Prejudice)

Panelists: Mark W. Bauerlein, Emory University Mark T. Mitchell, Patrick Henry College Nathan S. Schlueter, Hillsdale College Colleen Sheehan, Villanova UniversityChair: Sarah-Vaughan Brakman, Villanova University

Tuesday, May 21, 2013

9:00 – 10:45 a.m. The Cultural Revolution and the Eclipse of Authority (on the 50th Anniversary of the Assassination of John F. Kennedy)

Panelists: Wilfred M. McClay, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Charles Murray, American Enterprise Institute Alan Cecil Petigny, University of Florida James Piereson, The Manhattan InstituteChair: Carson Holloway, University of Nebraska, Omaha

11:15 – 1:00 p.m. The Supreme Court and Social Progress: Roe v. Wade at 40

Panelists: Gerard V. Bradley, University of Notre Dame Law School James R. Stoner, Louisiana State University Steven Teles, Johns Hopkins University Chair: V. Phillip Munoz, University of Notre Dame

2:30 – 4:30 p.m. Is the American Constitution Worth Preserving? A Roundtable Discussion on the Constitution at 225

Panelists: Hadley Arkes, Amherst College James W. Ceaser, University of Virginia Sanford V. Levinson, University of Texas Harvey C. Mansfield, Harvard University Louis Michael Seidman, Georgetown University Law CenterChair: Robert P. George, Princeton University

About the James Madison Program

Founded in the summer of 2000, the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions in the Department of Politics at Princeton University is dedicated to exploring enduring questions of American constitutional law and Western political thought. The Program is also devoted to examining the application of basic legal and ethical principles to contemporary problems. To realize its mission, the James Madison Program implements a number of initiatives. The Program awards visiting fellowships and postdoctoral appointments each year to support scholars conducting research in the fields of constitutional law and political thought. The Program supports the James Madison Society, an international community of scholars, and promotes civic education by its sponsorship of conferences, lectures, seminars, and colloquia. The Program’s Undergraduate Fellows Forum provides opportunities for Princeton undergraduates to interact with Madison Program Fellows and speakers. The success of the James Madison Program depends on the support of foundations and private individuals who share its commitment in advancing the understanding and appreciation of American ideals and institutions.

About the Association for the Study of Free Institutions

The Association for the Study of Free Institutions is a scholarly organization seeking to promote multi-disciplinary inquiry into the free society – its philosophic, cultural, and institutional conditions, its character, its strengths and limitations, and the challenges it faces. ASFI works to unite scholars from a variety of disciplines in the social sciences and humanities – political science, history, law, economics, sociology, psychology, anthropology, theology, classics, education – in order to revive the study of freedom as a major concern of American higher education. Mindful that the questions to which freedom gives rise are often controversial, that freedom carries certain costs, and that we have things to learn even from its most determined critics, ASFI welcomes intellectual diversity. It seeks the participation of scholars representing not only a variety of intellectual disciplines, but also a diversity of moral and philosophical positions. Ultimately, ASFI aims to revitalize higher education and our public discourse by encouraging scholarship and teaching that will contribute to the preservation and improvement of our free civilization.

ParticipantsHadley Arkes has been a member of the Amherst College faculty since 1966, and since 1987 he has been the Edward Ney Professor of Jurisprudence. He is also founder of the Committee for the American Founding at Amherst, a group of alumni and students seeking to preserve the doctrines of “natural rights” taught by the American Founders and Lincoln. He was recently named Director of a new Center for the Jurisprudence of Natural Law in Washington, D.C., built around his writings, under the sponsorship of the Claremont Institute. He was a 2002-03 Visiting Fellow at the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He has written five books with Princeton University Press: Bureaucracy, the Marshall Plan, and the National Interest (1972), The Philosopher in the City (1981), First Things (1986), Beyond the Constitution (1990), and The Return of George Sutherland (1994). His most recent books have been with Cambridge University Press, including Natural Rights and the Right to Choose (2002), and Constitutional Illusions & Anchoring Truths: The Touchstone of the Natural Law (2010). His articles have appeared in professional journals, but apart from his writing in more scholarly formats, he has become known to a wider audience through his writings in the Wall Street Journal, the Weekly Standard, and National Review. Arkes has been a contributor, also, to First Things, a journal that took its name from his book of that title. He received a B.A. from the University of Illinois and a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago, where he was a student of Leo Strauss.

Stephen H. Balch is Director of Texas Tech University’s Institute for the Study of Western Civilization. Before coming to Texas Tech, he served for 25 years as founding president and chairman of the National Association of Scholars (NAS). During his years at the NAS, he worked to encourage universities and colleges across America to develop new academic programming dealing with Western civilization, “the Great Books”, and the study of free institutions. He also played a major role in the establishment of a variety of other academic organizations devoted to enriching scholarship and public discussion of higher education issues. In 2007, his work was honored by the National Humanities Medal, bestowed by President George W. Bush in a White House ceremony. In 2009 he also received the Jeane Kirkpatrick Academic Freedom Award given by the American Conservative Union Foundation and the Lynde and Harry Bradley Foundation. Between 1974 and 1987, he served on the faculty of the Government and Public Administration Department of John Jay College of Criminal Justice in the City University of New York. He holds a Ph.D. in Political Science from the University of California at Berkeley.

Mark Bauerlein is Professor of English at Emory University where he has taught since 1989, with a two-and-a-half year break in 2003-05 to serve as the Director of the Office of Research and Analysis at the National Endowment for the Arts. He was the 2010-11 Ann and Herbert W. Vaughan Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. His books include Whitman and the American Idiom (1991), Literary Criticism: An Autopsy (1997), The Pragmatic Mind: Explorations in the Psychology of Belief (1997), Negrophobia: A Race Riot in Atlanta, 1906 (2001), A Handbook of Literary Terms (2004), The Dumbest Generation: How the Digital Age Stupefies Young Americans and Jeopardizes Our Future (2008), and The Digital Divide: Arguments for and Against Facebook, Google, Texting, and the Age of Social Networking (2012). His essays have appeared in Yale Review, Partisan Review, PMLA, and Wilson Quarterly, and his reviews and commentaries in the Wall Street Journal, the Weekly Standard, the Washington Post, Reason, TLS, Commentary, The New Criterion, cnn.com, Bloomberg.com, and the Chronicle of Higher Education. He earned his doctorate in English at UCLA in 1988.

Gerard V. Bradley is Professor of Law at the University of Notre Dame, where he teaches Legal Ethics and Constitutional Law. At Notre Dame he directs (with John Finnis) the Natural Law Institute and co-edits The American Journal of Jurisprudence, an international forum for legal philosophy. Bradley is a Visiting Fellow at the Hoover Institution of Stanford University and a Senior Fellow of the Witherspoon Institute in Princeton. He was a 2008-09 Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He served for many years as President of the Fellowship of Catholic Scholars. After serving in the Trial Division of the Manhattan District Attorney’s Office, he joined the law faculty at the University of Illinois, moving to Notre Dame in 1992. His most recent books are an edited collection of essays titled, Challenges to Religious Liberty in the Twenty-First Century (Cambridge University Press, 2012), Essays on Law, Religion, and Morality and Unquiet Americans: U.S. Catholics and the Common Good (both to be published in 2013.) He is currently working on a book about regulating obscenity in the Internet Age. Bradley received his B.A and J.D. degrees from Cornell University, graduating summa cum laude from the law school in 1980.

Sarah-Vaughan Brakman is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Villanova University.Professor Brakman’s scholarship focuses on clinical bioethics and social and political philosophy. She has published in the Hastings Center Report, the American Journal of Bioethics, Human Reproduction, Hypatia, and Philosophy in the Contemporary World. Professor Brakman is co-editor of the book The Ethics of Embryo Adoption and the Catholic Tradition (Springer, 2007) and is a recognized expert in the area of embryo ethics, serving as such for the Department of Health and Human Services. For over a decade she has been the Ethics Consultant

nationwide for Devereux, the largest non-profit provider of behavioral healthcare in the United States. Professor Brakman was the founding Director of The Ethics Program at Villanova University and was a 2006-07 Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. She is currently writing a book on the ethics of assisted reproductive technologies and domestic infant adoption. Professor Brakman holds a Ph.D. in philosophy from Rice University, where she was one of the first graduates of its joint program with Baylor College of Medicine in clinical bioethics.

James W. Ceaser is the Harry F. Byrd Professor Chair in Politics at the University of Virginia, where he has taught since 1976. He has held visiting professorships at the University of Florence, the University of Basel, Oxford University, the University of Bordeaux, and the University of Rennes. He was the 2008 Garwood Visiting Professor and Garwood Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. In 2012, Ceaser received the James Q. Wilson Award for Distinguished Scholarship on the Nature of a Free Society, awarded by the Association for the Study of Free Institutions. He has written several books on American politics and political thought, including Presidential Selection, Liberal Democracy and Political Science, Reconstructing America, Nature and History in American Political Development, and Designing a Polity: America’s Constitution in Theory and Practice. Ceaser is a frequent contributor to the popular press, and he often comments on American Politics for the Voice of America. He earned his B.A. from Kenyon College and his Ph.D. from Harvard University.

John J. DiIulio, Jr. is the Frederic Fox Leadership Professor of Politics, Religion, and Civil Society at the University of Pennsylvania. He directs Penn’s Fox Leadership Program for undergraduates, and also its Religion Research Program. After teaching at Harvard, he spent 13 years at Princeton University as a professor of politics and public policy. He has been a research center director at the Brookings Institution and the Manhattan Institute. He has chaired several government reform commissions and served on the boards of numerous national and local nonprofit organizations. In the run-up to the 2000 presidential election, he advised both Vice President Al Gore and Governor George W. Bush. During his academic leave in 2001-2002, he served as first director of the White House Office of Faith-Based and Community Initiatives. He serves on the Advisory Council of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. Over the last quarter-century, he has won several major academic and teaching awards, and chaired his academic association’s standing committee on professional ethics. Outside academic life, he has developed programs to mentor the children of prisoners, provide literacy training in low-income communities, reduce homicides in high-crime police districts, and support inner-city Catholic schools that serve low-income children.

As chronicled in a March 2007 Time magazine article, he is deeply involved in ongoing human, financial, and physical recovery initiatives in post-Katrina New Orleans. He is the author, co-author, or editor of over a dozen books. His most recent publications include Godly Republic: A Centrist Blueprint for America’s Faith-Based Future (University of California Press, 2007), and American Government: Institutions and Policies (with James Q. Wilson and Meena Bose; 13th edition, 2012). He was chief consultant to “God and the Inner-City,” a documentary that appeared on Public Television Stations. He majored in Economics at Penn and received his Ph.D. in Government from Harvard University.

Matthew J. Franck is Director of the William E. and Carol G. Simon Center on Religion and the Constitution at the Witherspoon Institute in Princeton, New Jersey. He is Professor Emeritus of Political Science at Radford University, where he taught constitutional law, American politics, and political philosophy from 1989 to 2010, and was Chairman of the Department of Political Science from 1995 to 2010. He was a Henry J. Salvatori Fellow at the Heritage Foundation from 1993-95, J. William Fulbright Professor of American Studies at the Graduate School of International Studies, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea in 1998, and a Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University from 2008-09. He is the author of Against the Imperial Judiciary: The Supreme Court vs. the Sovereignty of the People (1996); co-editor with Richard G. Stevens of Sober As a Judge: The Supreme Court and Republican Liberty (1999); and contributor to History of American Political Thought (2003), The Heritage Guide to the Constitution (2005, 2012), Ourselves and Our Posterity: Essays in Constitutional Originalism (2009), and Print the Legend: Politics, Culture, and Civic Virtue in the Films of John Ford (2009). Franck is a regular blogger on NRO’s “Bench Memos” page and the “First Thoughts” page at First Things, and has appeared numerous times on Bill Bennett’s “Morning in America” radio show as well as other media outlets. He has testified before the Subcommittee on the Constitution, Committee on the Judiciary, and the U.S. House of Representatives. Franck earned his B.A. in Political Science (magna cum laude) from Virginia Wesleyan College, and his M.A. and Ph.D. in Political Science from Northern Illinois University.

Robert P. George is McCormick Chair in Jurisprudence at Princeton University and is the director of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions. He is currently a 2012-13 Visiting Professor of Law and Harvard Law School. He has served on the President’s Council on Bioethics and as a presidential appointee to the United States Commission on Civil Rights. He has also served on UNESCO’s World Commission on the Ethics of Science and Technology, of which he continues to be a corresponding member. He is a former Judicial Fellow at the Supreme Court of the United States, where he received the Justice Tom C. Clark Award. He is the author of In Defense of Natural Law, Making Men Moral: Civil Liberties and

Public Morality, The Clash of Orthodoxies: Law, Religion and Morality in Crisis, and Conscience and Its Enemies: Confronting the Dogmas of Liberal Secularism, and co-author of Embryo: A Defense of Human Life, Body-Self Dualism in Contemporary Ethics and Politics, and What is Marriage? Man and Woman: A Defense. His scholarly articles and reviews have appeared in such journals as the Harvard Law Review, the Yale Law Journal, the Columbia Law Review, the American Journal of Jurisprudence, and the Review of Politics. He is a recipient of many honors and awards, including the Presidential Citizens Medal, the Honorific Medal for the Defense of Human Rights of the Republic of Poland, the Canterbury Medal of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, the Sidney Hook Memorial Award of the National Association of Scholars, the Philip Merrill Award of the American Council of Trustees and Alumni, the Bradley Prize for Intellectual and Civic Achievement and the Stanley Kelley, Jr. Teaching Award from Princeton’s Department of Politics. He was the 2007 John Dewey Lecturer in the Philosophy of Law at Harvard, the 2008 Judge Guido Calabresi Lecturer in Law and Religion at Yale, the 2008 Sir Malcolm Knox Lecturer in Philosophy at the University of St. Andrews, and the 2010 Frank Irvine Lecturer in Law at Cornell University. He is a member of the Council on Foreign Relations, and holds honorary doctorates of law, ethics, science, letters, civil law, humane letters, and juridical science. A graduate of Swarthmore College and Harvard Law School, he also received a master’s degree in Theology from Harvard and a doctorate in Philosophy of Law from Oxford University.

Carson Holloway is Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of Nebraska at Omaha, and is Executive Director of the Association for the Study of Free Institutions. He teaches political philosophy, constitutional law, and American government. He is the author of The Way of Life: John Paul II and the Challenge of Liberal Modernity (Baylor University Press), The Right Darwin? Evolution, Religion, and the Future of Democracy (Spence Publishing), and All Shook Up: Music, Passion and Politics (Spence Publishing), and the editor of a collection of essays entitled Magnanimity and Statesmanship (Lexington Books). His articles have appeared in the Review of Politics, Interpretation: A Journal of Political Philosophy, Perspectives on Political Science, and First Things. He was a 2005-06 William E. Simon Visiting Fellow in Religion and Public Life of the James Madison Program at Princeton University. He received his Ph.D. in Political Science from Northern Illinois University in 1998.

Sanford V. Levinson is the W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood Jr. Centennial Chair in Law at the University of Texas Law School, and a professor in the Government Department at the University of Texas of Austin. Prior to moving to Texas in 1980, he taught in the Princeton University Department of Politics from 1975-1979. He clerked for District Judge James B. McMillan in Charlotte, North Carolina and then practiced law for a year with the Children’s Defense Fund. He is the author or editor of fourteen books, including a widely-

used casebook, Processes of Constitutional Decisionmaking, Our Undemocratic Constitution: Where the Constitution Goes Wrong (and How We the People Can Correct It), and, most recently, Framed: America’s 51 Constitutions and the Crisis of Governance (Oxford, 2012). In addition to writing scholarly articles, he is a frequent contributor to the blog Balkinization. He is a frequent visiting professor at the Harvard Law School (including fall 2013) and has visited at the Yale, NYU, Georgetown, and Boston University schools of law in the United States as well as schools and programs in London, Paris, Budapest, Jerusalem, Herzlya, Melbourne, and Auckland. He was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 2001. He received his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1969 and his J.D. from Stanford Law School in 1973. Harvey C. Mansfield is the William R. Kenan, Jr. Professor of Government at Harvard University. He was Chairman of the Government Department from 1973-1977, has held Guggenheim and NEH Fellowships, and has been a Fellow at the National Humanities Center. He won the Joseph R. Levenson award for his teaching at Harvard, received the Sidney Hook Memorial award from the National Association of Scholars, and in 2004 accepted a National Humanities Medal from the President. In 2007, he delivered the National Endowment for the Humanities’ Jefferson Lecture. Mansfield examines both contemporary politics and their historical origins. His fourteen books delve into the words of past thinkers such as Edmund Burke and Machiavelli, where he finds answers to puzzles such as why we believe today that political parties are respectable or desirable. He has published fourteen books, including three translations of Machiavelli, a translation of Alexis de Tocqueville’s Democracy in America (2011), which he co-translated with his late wife Delba Winthrop, and Manliness (2006). Articles and political analysis by Mansfield frequently appear in periodicals such as the Weekly Standard, the Wall Street Journal, the New Republic, the National Review, and the Times Literary Supplement. He has served as a member of the Council of the American Political Science Association and the National Council on the Humanities, as a fellow of the National Humanities Center, and as president of the New England Historical Association. He received his A.B. and Ph.D. from Harvard University.

Wilfred M. McClay is SunTrust Bank Chair of Excellence in Humanities and Professor of History at the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga. He is co-director of the Center for Reflective Citizenship at UTC, and also holds positions as a Senior Scholar at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington, DC, Senior Fellow at the Ethics and Public Policy Center in Washington, and Senior Fellow of the Trinity Forum. He served from 2002 to 2013 on the National Council on the Humanities, the advisory board for the National Endowment for the Humanities. His book The Masterless: Self and Society in Modern America won the 1995 Merle Curti Award of the Organization of American Historians for the best book in American intellectual history. Among his other books are The Student’s Guide to U.S. History,

Religion Returns to the Public Square: Faith and Policy in America, Figures in the Carpet: Finding the Human Person in the American Past, and the forthcoming Why Place Matters: Geography, Identity, and Public Life in Modern America. He has been the recipient of fellowships from the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, the National Endowment for the Humanities, and the National Academy of Education.

Lawrence M. Mead is Professor of Politics and Public Policy at New York University, where he teaches public policy and American government. He is also a Visiting Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute in Washington. He has been a visiting professor at Harvard, Princeton, and the University of Wisconsin, and a visiting fellow at the Hoover Institution at Stanford. He was a 2001-02 Visiting Fellow at the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. Mead is an expert on the problems of poverty and welfare in the United States. Among academics, he was the principal exponent of work requirements in welfare, the approach that now dominates national policy. He is a leading scholar of the politics and implementation of welfare reform and also work programs for men. His many books and articles on these subjects have helped shape social policy in the United States and abroad. Government Matters, his study of welfare reform in Wisconsin, was a co-winner of the 2005 Louis Brownlow Book Award, given by the National Academy of Public Administration. “Welfare Politics in Congress,” covering over thirty years of welfare reform hearings, was published in PS: Political Science and Politics in 2011. His most recent books are Expanding Work Programs for Poor Men and From Prophecy to Charity: How to Help the Poor, both from AEI Press. He is currently writing a book on the bases of American primacy in the world. He plans a study of the implications of poverty for political theory. He has consulted with federal, state, and local governments in this country and with several countries abroad. He testifies regularly before Congress on poverty, welfare, and social policy, and he often comments on these subjects in the media. He is a graduate of Amherst College, and received his Ph.D. in Political Science from Harvard University.

Mark T. Mitchell is chair of the Department of Government at Patrick Henry College, where he teaches courses in political theory. His research interests include modern and contemporary political theory, conservative political thought, the political implications of science and technology, and political themes in literature. He was a 2008-09 Visiting Fellow of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He is the author of The Politics of Gratitude: Scale, Place and Community in a Global Age and Michael Polanyi: The Art of Knowing, and he is the co-editor of The Human Vision of Wendell Berry and the co-founder and current editor of the webzine Front Porch Republic. He received his Ph.D. in Government from Georgetown University.

Vincent Phillip Muñoz is the Tocqueville Associate Professor in the Department of Political Science and Concurrent Associate Professor of Law at The University of Notre Dame. He serves as Director of Notre Dame’s undergraduate minor in Constitutional Studies, and directs Notre Dame’s Tocqueville Program for Inquiry into Religion and Public Life. He was the 2008-09 William E. Simon Visiting Fellow in Religion and Public Life of the James Madison Program at Princeton University. He writes and teaches across the fields of constitutional law, American politics, and political philosophy with a focus on religious liberty and the American Founding. His first book, God and the Founders: Madison, Washington, and Jefferson (Cambridge University Press, 2009) won the Hubert Morken Award from the American Political Science Association for the best publication on religion and politics in 2009 and 2010. His First Amendment church-state case reader, Religious Liberty and the American Supreme Court: The Essential Cases and Documents, will be published in 2013. His current project is a scholarly monograph on the original meaning of the Constitution’s Religion Clauses. Articles from that project have appeared in the Harvard Journal of Law and Public Policy and the University of Pennsylvania’s Journal of Constitutional Law. He has published articles in American Political Science Review, the Review of Politics, the Wall Street Journal, and the Claremont Review of Books. He has testified before the United States Senate Judiciary Committee on the matter of “Hostility to Religious Expression in the Public Square.” He received his B.A. at Claremont McKenna College, his M.A. at Boston College, and his Ph.D. at Claremont Graduate School.

Charles Murray is the W. H. Brady Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute. He is a political scientist, author, and libertarian. He first came to national attention in 1984 with the publication of Losing Ground, which has been credited as the intellectual foundation for the Welfare Reform Act of 1996. His 1994 New York Times bestseller, The Bell Curve (Free Press, 1994), coauthored with the late Richard J. Herrnstein, sparked heated controversy for its analysis of the role of IQ in shaping America’s class structure. Murray’s other books include What It Means to Be a Libertarian (1997), Human Accomplishment (2003), In Our Hands (2006), and Real Education (2008). His most recent book, Coming Apart (Crown Forum, 2012), describes an unprecedented divergence in American classes over the last half century. Prior to joining AEI in 1990, he was a Senior Fellow at the Manhattan Institute for Policy Research from 1982-90, a Research Scientist with the American Institutes for Research from 1969-1970 and 1974-1981, and a Peace Corps Volunteer and US-AID contractor in Thailand from 1965-69. He received his B.A. in History from Harvard University and his Ph.D. in Political Science from the MIT.

Alan Cecil Petigny is Associate Professor of History at the University of Florida, where he has taught since 2003. He was a 2010-11 Visiting Fellow of the James Madison Program at Princeton University. He has held a fellowship at Rutgers University and, on two occasions, has been a visiting Professor at Korea University. Before becoming an academic, he worked as a policy analyst for the U.S. Congress’s Joint Economic Committee. He was also an award-winning reporter for a public radio station based in Tampa, Florida, contributing material to both Florida Public Radio and National Public Radio. He is the author of The Permissive Society: America, 1941-1965, published by Cambridge University Press in 2009. He has written articles and review essays for such publications as the Journal of Social History, the Mailer Review, Reviews in American History, American Heritage Magazine, Historically Speaking, the Woodson Review, and the Canadian Review of American Studies. He holds an M.A. from Brown University and a Ph.D. in U.S. History from Brown University.

James Piereson is a Manhattan Institute Senior Fellow and Director of the Institute’s Center for the American University. He is chairman of the selection committee for the VERITAS Fund for Higher Education, which allocates grants to programs on college and university campuses. He is also chairman of the selection committee for the Hayek Book Prize, awarded annually by the Manhattan Institute. He is President and a Trustee of the William E. Simon Foundation, a private grant-making foundation located in New York City. The foundation has broad charitable interests in education, religion, and problems of youth. He was executive director and trustee of the John M. Olin Foundation from 1985 through 2005, which maintained program interests in the areas of public affairs and public policy, and awarded grants in these areas to support research, fellowships, books and journals, and television documentaries. Prior to joining the Olin Foundation, he served on the political science faculties of several universities, including Iowa State University (1974), Indiana University (1975), and the University of Pennsylvania (1976-82), where he taught courses in the fields of United States government and political thought. He is a member of the executive advisory committee of the Graduate School of Business at the University of Rochester, of the board of visitors of the School of Public Policy at Pepperdine University, and of the advisory council of the Henry Salvatori Center for the Study of Individual Freedom at Claremont McKenna College. He is the author of Camelot and the Cultural Revolution: How the Assassination of John F. Kennedy Shattered American Liberalism (Encounter Books, 2007), and (with J. Sullivan and G. Marcus) Political Tolerance and American Democracy (University of Chicago Press, 1982). He is the editor of The Pursuit of Liberty: Can the Ideals That Made America Great Provide a Model for the World (Encounter Books, 2008). His book America’s Fourth Revolution: The Coming Collapse of the Entitlement Society-and How We Will Survive It will be published by Encounter Books in early 2014.

Nathan Schlueter is Associate Professor of Philosophy at Hillsdale College, where he teaches courses in literature, politics, and philosophy. He is the author of One Dream or Two? Justice in America and in the Thought of Martin Luther King, Jr. (Lexington Books, 2002) and editor, with Mark Mitchell, of The Humane Vision of Wendell Berry (ISI Books, 2011). His articles have appeared in First Things, Touchstone, Logos, and Communio. In 2005 he was a fellow of the National Endowment for the Humanities, and was a 2011-12 Visiting Fellow of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. His book The Foundations of the Libertarian-Conservative Debate (with Nikolai Wenzel) should be out sometime next year. He is currently working on another book, Playing with Fire: The Promise and Peril of the Utopian Imagination. He has a B.A. in History from Miami University of Ohio and an M.A. and Ph.D. in Politics from the University of Dallas.

Louis Michael Seidman, is the Carmack Waterhouse Professor of Constitutional Law at Georgetown University Law Center. After graduating from Harvard Law School in 1971, Professor Seidman served as a law clerk for J. Skelly Wright of the D.C. Circuit and U.S. Supreme Court Justice Thurgood Marshall. He was a staff attorney with the D.C. Public Defender Service until joining the Law Center faculty in 1976. He has also taught at Harvard Law School, the University of Virginia Law School, and New York University Law School. He teaches a variety of courses in the fields of constitutional and criminal law. He is co-author of a constitutional law casebook and the author of many articles concerning criminal justice and constitutional law. His most recent books are Constitutional Disobedience (Oxford, 2013); Silence and Freedom (Stanford, 2007); Equal Protection of the Laws (Foundation, 2002); and Our Unsettled Constitution: A New Defense of Constitutionalism and Judicial Review (Yale, 2001). In 2011, Seidman was elected to membership in the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.

Colleen A. Sheehan is Professor of Politics and Director of the Ryan Center for the Study of Free Institutions and the Public Good at Villanova University, where she teaches courses in American Political Thought and Politics and Literature. She was a 2003-04 Visiting Fellow of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. She has served in the Pennsylvania House of Representatives and is currently a member of the Pennsylvania State Board of Education. She is author of James Madison and the Spirit of Republican Self-Government (Cambridge University Press, 2009), co-editor of Friends of the Constitution: Writings of the Other Federalists 1787-1788, and author of numerous articles on the American Founding and eighteenth century political and moral thought, which have appeared in journals such as the William and Mary Quarterly, American Political Science Review, Review of Politics, and Persuasions: The Jane Austen Journal. She is currently completing a book on James Madison, the Classics, and the Foundations of Republican Government, forthcoming from Cambridge

University Press. She earned her B.A. from Eisenhower College and received her M.A. and Ph.D. in Government from Claremont Graduate School.

James R. Stoner, Jr., is Professor of Political Science at Louisiana State University. He is the author of Common-Law Liberty: Rethinking American Constitutionalism (Kansas, 2003) and Common Law and Liberal Theory: Coke, Hobbes, and the Origins of American Constitutionalism (Kansas, 1992), as well as a number of articles and essays. A Senior Fellow of the Witherspoon Institute, he has co-edited two books Witherspoon published, The Social Costs of Pornography: A Collection of Papers (with Donna M. Hughes, 2010), and Rethinking Business Management: Examining the Foundations of Business Education (with Samuel Gregg, 2007). Stoner served on the National Council on the Humanities from 2002 to 2006, chaired his department at LSU from 2007-2013, and served as acting dean of the LSU Honors College in Fall 2010. In 2013-14 he will be Garwood Visiting Professor and Visiting Fellow in the James Madison Program at Princeton University. He received his A.B. from Middlebury College, and his M.A. and Ph.D from Harvard University. Steven Teles is Associate Professor of Political Science at Johns Hopkins University. Prior to joining Johns Hopkins, he was Associate Professor of Public Policy at the University of Maryland, and visiting lecturer at Yale Law School. He has been a visiting fellow at Harvard, Yale, the University of London, and was a 2003-04 Visiting Fellow of the James Madison Program in American Ideals and Institutions at Princeton University. He is the author of The Rise of the Conservative Legal Movement (Princeton, 2008) and Whose Welfare: AFDC and Elite Politics (Kansas, 1996), and the co-editor of Conservatism and American Political Development (Oxford, 2009) and Ethnicity, Social Mobility and Public Policy: Comparing the US and UK (Cambridge, 2005). He is currently working on two books, one with Peter Frumkin of the University of Pennsylvania on changes in the field of philanthropy over the last fifty years, and another with David Dagan of Johns Hopkins, on conservatives’ changing positions on mass incarceration. He earned his Ph.D. from the University of Virginia.

Notes

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