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Mike Deas, P.E., Ph.D.Watercourse Engineering, Inc.
4-2-18
Shasta Lake and Keswick Reservoir Water Temperature Modeling with CE-QUAL-W2 Goal:
Develop and apply CE-QUAL-W2 models of Shasta Lake and Keswick Reservoir to augment existing tools in support of water temperature management in the Sacramento River below Keswick Dam.
2
Outline Introduction
Project Area Modeling Technical Committee
Model Selection Model Data Needs Model Development Model Calibration Model Documentation Next Steps
3
Acknowledgements Sacramento River Settlement Contractors U.S. Bureau of Reclamation Modeling Technical Committee participants
4
Project Area
5
Modeling Technical Committee Objective:
Provide an open forum to review data, information, and assumptions related to developing CE-QUAL-W2 models of Shasta Lake and Keswick Reservoir.
Participants Federal and State Agencies NGO’s Other technical interests
Approach Agency and stakeholder outreach Provide forum for input Documentation Progression
Meeting frequency 4 to 6 weeks from late 2016 to present (ongoing)
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Model Selection: Previous/Existing Models Planning Models
Time horizon One-dimensional Models (laterally and longitudinal
average) HEC-5Q (1-D) WQRRS (1-D)
Two-dimensional Models (laterally averaged) CE-QUAL-W2 (2-D)
NBS/USGS University of Nevada Reno NMFS
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Model Selection: CE-QUAL-W2 CE-QUAL-W2
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers model V 3.72 (V4.0)
Basic Attributes Actively supported Principal code author Open source code (allowing review and modification) No cost (no initial cost or annual maintenance fee) Comprehensive documentation and training (fee)
Technical Attributes Two-dimensional representation (longitudinal and vertical
changes) Branching networks (e.g., dendritic nature of Shasta Lake) Models large changes in reservoir stage Multiple outlets provide flexibility to represent selective
withdrawal Ability to incorporate temperature control curtains Comprehensive water quality (if desired) User interface for input file quality control Post processors (both public and proprietary) available Wide range of applications
Model Data Development Geometry
Dam outlet structures Bathymetry (and tributary/diversion locations) Topographic shading (minor)
Flow/hydraulics Inflow (hourly, daily) Outflow/operations (hydropower peaking) (hourly) Storage (hourly, daily) Selective withdrawal operations (daily, weekly)
Water Temperature Inflow (hourly, daily) Outflow (hourly, daily) Temperature profiles (weekly, monthly)
Meteorology Solar, air temperature, dew point (or similar vapor pressure term), wind speed,
wind direction, cloud cover, barometric pressure (hourly) Model Parameters (default)
Period of Record: 2010-20169
Model Data Development Geometry
Dam outlet structures USBR Bathymetry (and tributary/diversion locations) USGS/Other Topographic shading (minor) USGS
Flow/hydraulics Inflow (hourly, daily) USGS Outflow/operations (hydropower peaking) (hourly) USBR Storage (hourly, daily) USBR Selective withdrawal operations (daily, weekly) USBR
Water Temperature Inflow (hourly, daily) USGS Outflow (hourly, daily) USBR Temperature profiles (weekly, monthly) USBR*
Meteorology Solar, air temperature, dew point (or similar vapor pressure term), wind speed,
wind direction, cloud cover, barometric pressure (hourly) NWS Model Parameters (default)
Period of Record: 2010-201610*Keswick Tw Monitoring
Geometry: Outlet Infrastructure Shasta Dam River outlets TCD Spill
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Geometry: Outlet Infrastructure Keswick Dam Spring Creek Powerhouse
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Bathymetry Shasta Lake
No available bathymetric surveys Used pre-dam topographic maps Objective: develop a digital map to support CE-QUAL-W2
modeling at a resolution of approximately: 1 m thick layers 500 – 1,000 m long segments
Keswick Reservoir No available bathymetric surveys Completed a survey in December 2016 Objective: develop a digital map to support CE-QUAL-W2
modeling at a resolution of approximately: 1 m thick layers 100- 200 m long segments
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14Shasta Lake 100 ft bathymetry embedded in upland DEM
Shasta Lake Bathymetry
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365,232 XYZ data points from survey 6,072 XYZ data points for shoreline and
Spring Creek 1 m contours
Keswick Bathymetry
Flow Inflow Outflow Stage/storage Selective
Withdrawal
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Shasta Lake
Keswick Reservoir
N
Sacramento River
McCloudRiver
Spring Ck/PH
Squaw Creek Pit
Rive
Water Temperature Inflow Outflow Profile
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Shasta Lake
Keswick Reservoir
N
Sacramento River
McCloudRiver
Spring Ck/PH
Squaw Creek Pit
Rive
Meteorology Station
KRDD Others
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Shasta Lake
Keswick Reservoir
N
Sacramento River
McCloudRiver
Spring Ck/PH
Squaw Creek Pit
Rive
CE-QUAL-W2 Model Development Model computational grid** Default model parameters Model input files
Boundary conditions Control file Other
Leakage representation (historic) Temperature control device (TCD) historic operations
19
CE-QUAL-W2 Model Grid Shasta Lake
100 ft (30.5 m) contour map Historic topography (20 ft contour) USGS DEM (30 m DEM) Google Earth shoreline refinement Started with UNR/NOAA grid
Keswick Reservoir 1 m contour map Field survey Google Earth shoreline refinement
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Shasta Lake Model Grid
21
Profile View (Pit River (main) branch)
Plan View
22
Plan View
Profile View (Main Branch)
Shas
ta D
am
Kesw
ick
Dam
Keswick Reservoir Model Grid
Model Calibration Shasta Lake and Keswick Reservoir
Calibration Performance metrics: Bias, MAE, RMSE
In-reservoir stage and profile temperatures Outflow water temperature
Period of performance 2010-2016 Future: 2000-2017
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Shasta Lake Model Results: Simulated Outflow
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Shasta Lake Model Results: Simulated Outflow Temperature
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Shasta Lake Model Results: 2015 Profiles
Monthly profiles Initial condition Onset of
stratification Breakdown of
stratification
DRAFT
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SimulatedMeasured
Keswick Reservoir Model Results:Simulated Stage/Storage
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Keswick Reservoir Model Results:Simulated Outflow
28
Keswick Reservoir Model Results:Simulated Outflow Temperature
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Keswick Reservoir Model Results:2010 Profiles
30
Model Documentation Model Data Model development Model calibration
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Next Steps
32
Technical Committee –Ongoing
TCD Refined leakage
representation Update gate operations
Representation of large gates in CE-QUAL-W2
Representing low level intakes on side gate structure
Additional model years 2000-2009, 2017
Updated model calibration Model testing and
application
Discussion
33