Migration and Integration in Costa Rica

Migration and Integration in

Costa Rica

NATIONAL REPORT

General Directorate of Migration and Immigration

Migration and IntegrationGeneral Migration and Immigration Act No. 8764:Article (5): “This Act promotes the integration of migrants into

development in the country; to this end, the General Directorate of Migration and Immigration shall design strategies and public policy oriented toward strengthening the sustainability of the Social State of Law”

INTEGRATION: A bidirectional process of shared responsibility between Costa

Rican nationals and foreign nationals, oriented toward improving the level of positive social coexistence and strengthening our Social State of Law.

Migration and Integration in Costa Rica: National Report 2011

Objective: To establish baseline information on the current level of participation and integration of immigrants in Costa Rica.

INFORMATION SOURCES:

1.Several secondary sources: FLACSO, World Bank, etc.2.Data bases of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses3.SIEMCA and SIEMMES-OIM Projects4.Data from the General Directorate of Migration and Immigration5.Data from the Supreme Court of Elections6.Data from the Ministry of Labour and Social Security7.Data from the Actuarial and Economic Directorate of CCSS8.Data from the Ministry of Public Education9.SIPO- IMAS10.Ministry of Housing and Human Settlements11.National Directorate of Community Development12.IDESPO – UNA13.IPSOS – UNHCR

Components of the National Report 20111. Demographic structure of immigrants2. Granting Costa Rican Nationality3. Migration and Labour4. Migration and Health5. Migration and Education6. Migration and Housing7. Participation of Immigrants in Community

Movement8. Perceptions regarding Immigration in Costa

Rica

Migration and Demography

Year Number of Immigrants

1970 25.416

1980 54.305

1990 140.103

2000 296.727

2010 374.094

Evolution of Immigrants in Costa Rica (1970-2010)


Foreign populations documented by the General Directorate of Migration and Immigration relating to INEC estimates for migrant populations living in the

country 2003-2010)

Total Population in

Costa Rica

Immigrant

Population

Costa Rica

Percentage of

Immigrant

Population

2000 3.810.179 296.727 7.80%

2008 4.133.884 333.193 8.06%

2010 4.562.087 374.094 8.20%

296,727 295,394

307,778

323,477326,125 327,490

333,193

374,094

270,000

280,000

290,000

300,000310,000

320,000

330,000340,000

350,000

360,000

370,000380,000

2000 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2010

Evolution of Immigrants in Costa Rica 2000-2010

Immigrant Population Survey

Foreign nationals, permanent stay


Migration flows of foreign nationals in Costa Rica by gender, 2003-2008

Regularized migrants living in Costa Rica, December 31, 2010 according to data from the General Directorate of Migration and

Immigration


Total number of births by nationality of the mother and by country of origin of the mother

Costa Rica

Other

Births in Costa Rica by nationality of the mother, 2010

Costa Rican mother

Nicaraguan mother

Other

Migration and DemographyEstimate of distribution of immigrants by region, 2010

Estimate of relative distribution of immigrants by total number of population and by region, 2010

Total No. of Homes

Total presence of at least one member born abroad

Area 1.198.120 13,2Urban 720.405 12,9Rural 477.715 13,7

Region 1.198.120 13,2Central 771.170 12,5Chorotega 90.692 16,7Pacífico Central 62.730 10,5Brunca 88.920 5,7Huetar Atlántica 120.488 17,3Huetar Norte 64.120 22,5

Homes with Family Members Born Abroad, 2007


Naturalizations in Costa RicaEvolution of Costa Rican nationality granted to foreign nationals

Naturalizations

* Data missing for 2008

Total number of persons naturalized by country of origin in 2010

Other

Migration, Labour, and Health

National Foreign

Agriculture, hunting, forestry 87,74 12,26

Manufacture, mines and quarries 91,49 8,51

Construction 81,80 18,20

Restaurants and hotels 85 15

Trade 91,52 8,48

Other services 91,80 8,20

Average total participation 90,03 9,97%

Source: National Institute of Statistics and Censuses

Work force percentages – national and foreign workers by productive sector, 2003 - 2008


Población trabajadora extranjera activa en Costa Rica según nacionalidad

Labour behaviour of migrant and national workers, 2003-2008

Nat. Foreign

Active foreign workers in Costa Rica, by nationality

Other


Total number of workers contributing to CCSS, 2003-2008

Foreign Nationals


Costa Rican Workers Foreign Workers

Total No. of Workers INEC

Workers contributing to CCSS

Total No. of Workers INEC

Workers contributing to CCSS

1.549.223 1.227.190 169.231 142.448

Total number of Costa Ricans and foreign nationals in 2008, According to the INEC report on the workforce and the number of persons contributing to CCSS

Source: Survey of INEC 2008 / CCSS Actuarial and Economic Directorate

Migration, Labour, and HealthMonthly estimates of salaries of Costa Rican workers contributing to

CCSS for 2008-2010 (in million Colones)

Private enterprises

Household work

Autonomous inst.

Government

Self-employed

Agreements

Monthly estimates of salaries of foreign workers contributing to CCSS for 2008-2010 (in million Colones)

Private enterprises

Household work

Autonomous inst.

Government

Self-employed

Agreements


Country of Birth Absolute RelativeTOTAL 10.084.558 100Costa Rica 9.487.728 94Nicaragua 501.493 4.97Colombia 18.674 0.18El Salvador 14.280 0.14Panama 11.968 0.11Other / Unknown 50.415 0.60

Distribution of national ambulatory patients of the CCSS, 2010

Country of Birth Absolute RelativeTOTAL 5.487.001 100Costa Rica 5.146.774 93.80Nicaragua 280.355 5.10Colombia 13.158 0.23Panama 9.538 0.17United States 5.569 0.10El Salvador 4.595 0.08Other / Unknown 27.012 0.49

Emergency health care by CCSS by country of birth, 2010

Percentages of persons leaving CCSS hospitals, three primary nationalities, 2005-2010

Percentages of foreign nationals leaving CCSS hospitals, 2010


Total regulated income estimated according to level of expenditure, 2005-2010 (in million Colones)

Regulated income, health sector

Expenditure, health sector

Migration, Labour, and HealthEstimates of hospital admissions and cost of health care for foreign

nationals, CCSS, 1997-2009 (in billion Colones)

Estimates of ambulatory patients and cost of health care for foreign nationals, CCSS, 1997-2009 (in million Colones)

Estimated regulated fees of the health insurance for foreign nationals in regard to the cost of health care (million Colones,

2008-2010)

Health care costs Regulated fees

Migration and Education



“AVANCEMOS” Scholarships, 2010


94,0%98,8%

94,4%97,7% 97,1% 97,0% 96,3%

5,3% 0,9% 5,2% 1,7% 2,3% 2,1% 3,2%0,0%

20,0%

40,0%

60,0%

80,0%

100,0%

120,0%

C.R

Extranjeros

National Institute for Learning


Migration and Housing

Migration and Citizen Participation

Migration and Perception

ACTIONS BASED ON THE REPORT

• Establishing public priorities relating to integration:

•Migration •Education•Health •Justice•Social participation

•Resources from the Social Migration Fund

•A four-year plan

NATIONAL INTEGRATION PLAN

ACTIONS BASED ON THE REPORT

A programme to support migrants and Costa Ricans by improving access to information about services provided by public institutions. Designed to facilitate full integration into the Costa Rican society and strengthen the Social State of Law.

MIGRATION HEALTH EDUCATION EMPLOYMENT

“Entre Vecinos” (Among Neighbours) Programme

• Promotes participation of migrants on Boards of Directors of Development Associations.

• Based on recognizing the local cultural diversity as a focus for integration.

• Art and recreation as a driving force of local awareness-raising.

Freddy Mauricio Montero M.Sub-director General

General Directorate of Migration and Immigration

www.migracion.go.cr/integracion_desarrollo/index.html

Documents

Migration and Integration in Costa Rica