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9th Annual AABC Birth Institute 10/2/2015
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Herbs for Childbearing
Beautiful Upstate New York my Roots
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The goal for today is to present helpful information about herbs in pregnancy, birth, & postpartum so that you may better serve women who come for midwifery care. By the end of this discussion you will be able to:
• List three herbs that ease discomforts common in pregnancy
• Describe two benefits of herbal preparations
• Explain what the difference is between at least two herbal preparations.
Honoring Our AncestorsAs Wise Women
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In ancient times Midwifery & Herbalism were woven together being grounded & rooted in the earth with intuition, intelligence, & faith.
Midwifery & HerbalismBoth were part of being a wise women.
In fact the word ‘mid-wife’ derives from the
Anglo-Saxon ‘med-wyf’ meaning wise woman.
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Healing , restorative , & nutritious benefits of herbs have been documented
within the historical literature from every culture around the world.
have gathered herbs for thousands of years by the waning & waxing of the moon to prepare for birth, nourishment, & create medicine.
Wise Women
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Wise women understood the rhythms of their bodies & the relationship to the magical gift of herbs.With this understanding their knowledge grew as remedies were tried, proven, & passed on.
In spite of recurrent waves of repression & witch hunts for centuries, wise womenhave continued their traditions & legacy throughout time.
Women of today desire to reclaim this wisdom as evidenced by the increase in the use of “natural remedies” especially
in pregnancy.
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Most medical professionals do not recommend herbal remedies for pregnant women, due to the lack of FDA evaluation, & lack of knowledge.
FDA urges pregnant women not to take herbal products without talking to their health care provider or to a professional who is experienced & trained to work with herbs.
The World Health Organization
In 2010 WHO recognizes & affirms that herbal medicines & traditions worldwide have value in their perspectives & approaches to enhance health care for all.
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Science has discovered much about individual plant constituents. It has established many excellent reasons for using herbs for healing. But, like all medications, some herbs can be harmful if they are misused or taken carelessly.Excerpt: Grow It Heal It, 2013, Christopher Hobbs Ph.D/Leslie Gardner MH
Herbs Compared to Pharmaceutical Drugs
HERB DRUGS
ACTIONS Often multiple Usually one using a single receptor site
Often enhances body’s No drug does this!
own healing ability
Addresses causal factors Treats symptoms
of an illness
ACTIVE CONSTITUENTS
Many synergistic Usually one
SIDE EFFECTSMild & Few Many & can be severe
ONSET OF ACTION May be slow based on Usually faster
nutritional levels
COST Variable Variable
(you can make your own)
Excerpt from James Green’s book THE HERBAL MEDICINE-MAKER’S HANDBOOK
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The safety of herbs in pregnancy are based primarily on empirical evidence from traditional time-tested use.
Source of information: review of the literature, surveys, studies, clinical observations, & empirical data. There are very few actual studies & or clinical trials in pregnancy.
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Considerations * *Know herb efficacy, safety, & contraindications
Documentation & History is very important.
Caution in the first trimester due to fetaldevelopment.
Appropriate use of preparations because crossing the placentais likely.
As a midwife/herbalist/MDAviva Romm has been safely using
herbs in her practice with pregnant women for over 25 years.
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Herbs are the midwife’s natural helper to promote health &
wellbeing in pregnancy
Nature provides an abundance of soothing, toning, & strengthening herbs for childbearing
remedies prepared for either internal or external use.
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Forms of Internal Herbal MedicinesWater extracts (infusions & decoctions)
Alcohol extracts
Percolations (water or alcohol)
Fluid extracts
Syrups/oxymels/electuaries
Glycerites
Fermentations
Vinegars
Fresh juice, Food
Powders (plain or encapsulation)
Suppositories/boluses
Douches/Enemas
Essential oils/Hydrosols
Steams, Smokes
Forms of External Herbal Medicines
Oil infusions
Salves/Balms
Evaporative concentrates
Washes/Baths/Sitz
Liniments
Lotions
Compresses/poultices
Essential oils/Hydrosols
Smudges
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Extractions are chemical constituents of the herb that have been pulled into a liquid solvent called a menstruum. A menstruum soaks/macerates a 28 day moon cycle influencing the liquid. During maceration the herb breaks down at a cellular level & leaches into the menstruum & is held in suspension.
40 Herbal Actions To KnowListed on pages 27-29 in THE HERBAL
MEDICINE-MAKER’S HANDOOK by James Green
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Active Ingredients in Herbs • Herbs have many constituents including
vitamins, minerals, proteins, & active components such as: volatile oils, tannins, mucilage, alkaloids, bitters & flavonoids.
Five Classifications of Herbs
Aromatic: a volatile oil, divided into 2 categories, the stimulant & the nervine herbs. Identified by crushing the herb. Examples peppermint, lavender, rosemary, garlic & ginger.
Astringent: tannins that constrict, tighten, or tones tissue & reduces fluid discharge. Some examples comfrey, peppermint, golden seal, red raspberry, slippery elm, & crampbark.
Bitter: phenolic derivatives (laxative & diuretic) alkaloids & saponins with a bitter taste such as golden seal.
Mucilaginous: polysaccharides that are slippery & swells in water.
Nutritive: proteins, fats, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals
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Herbal Contraindications in Pregnancy*See full list of herbs in Bib.
• TRUE Emmenagogues: pennyroyal, tansy, wormwood, angelica, & cotton root bark
• Anti-histamine/CNS stimulants: ephedra (ma huang), guarana, kola nut, & osha
• Alkaloids: barberry, golden seal, mandrake, blood root, broom, comfrey root, coltsfoot, & gravelroot.
• Volatile oils: juniper berry, buchu, thuja, *kitchen spices
• Laxative herbs due to anthroquinines: aloe*, cascara, castor, senna pods, & buckthorn
• Bitters with stimulation metabolically with strong bitters: southernwood, wormwood, mugwort, barberry, celandine, *golden seal, rue, feverfew, & tansy
• *aloe juice * small amounts cooking & in tea infusions * salve
Herbs to Support a Healthy Pregnancy
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Common Name: Alfalfa
Botanical Name: Medicago Sativa
Part Used: Whole herb
Properties: Bitter, tonic, alterative, antipyretic, mild diuretic, proteins, vitamins A, D, E, B6, & K, calcium, iron, magnesium, phosphorus, trace minerals, chlorophyll, carotenes, & digestive enzymes.
Uses: An excellent tonic tea throughout pregnancy because it is highly nutritive. Helps with digestion, prevent anemia, & hemorrhage. Moderate use has not produced side effects. 1 tablespoon/cup infuse 10min to >4 hours 3x daily
Common Name: Black Haw
Botanical Name: Viburnum prunifolium
Part Used: Bark, root bark
Decoction 2 tsp/1c 3x daily, Tincture 5-10ml TID, 3 to 5 days
Properties: Astringent, antispasmodic, nervine, tannins, salicin, mineral rich with vitamins.
Uses: In combination with Cramp Bark (Viburnum opulus) for miscarriage prevention as it relaxes & tones musculature. For postpartum bleeding & afterbirth pain. Can be a hypotensive, decrease fluid retention, treat diarrhea, spasms, & asthma. Short term use & not recommended throughout pregnancy. Avoid if allergic to ASA
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Burdock root(Arctium lapp)
Part used: Root & leaves
Properties: Alterative, diuretic, mucilaginous, urinary tonic, demulcent, astringent,vit/min, bacteriostatic, fungistatic
Uses: High concentration of vitamins & minerals, good taste & strengthens the uterus to prepare for childbirth. Balances blood sugar, & stimulates digestion. Great for the skin & itching. A wonderful addition to tonic teas 1 tablespoon/cup decoction, tinctures ½ tsp * variable to meet needs, salves, herbal baths.
Chamomile German(Matricaria recutita)
Parts used: The dried flower heads
Properties: Aromatic, carminative, antiseptic, antibacterial, antifungal, nervine, & anti-inflammatory.Use: To encourage digestion, boost the immune system, &
calming. As a tea or tincture, & as a topical in salves & compresses. Tea 1 tablespoon/cup steep 15 minutes 3 cups per day. Tincture: Take ½ teaspoon, three times per day. High dosages contra-indicated during pregnancy and lactation. It should not to be used when using anti-coagulant drugs. Allergic reactions have been reported in people who are also allergic to ragweed or any plants in the daisy family.
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Dandelion (Taraxacum officinale)
Parts Used: Roots & Leaves
Properties: Bitter, hepatonic diuretic, stomachic, astringent, mucilaginous, cholagogue, galactogogue, vitamins, & minerals
Uses: digestive, glandular, circulatory, liver tonic, heartburn,
rheumatism, gout, eczema, nutritive due to high mineral & vitamin content. It helps with nausea & relieves a sour stomach, relieves itching skin, helps prevent gallstones, indigestion, fatigue, & toxemia. Best in pregnancy as an infusion/decotion 1 tablespoon/cup & great with Burdock root synergy.
Ginger Root(Zingiber Officinale)
Parts Used: Fresh or dried root
Properties: Aromatic, diaphoretic, stimulant, carminative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, vitamins & minerals.
Uses: digestive aide, antiemetic, anti-nausea, stimulates circulation, good for chills, diarrhea, respiratory congestion, sore throat, aches & pains. Contraindicated for gallstones
Contraindicated for more than 1-2 gram/day in pregnancy. Safe for tea infusion 1 teaspoon grated/cup water, steep 15 minutes covered & drink up to 6 cups a day.
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Lady’s Mantle(Alchemilla vulgaris)
Parts Used: whole plant
Properties: Astringent, anti-inflammatory, tannin, anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, analgesic, vitamins & minerals
Uses: helps settle the stomach, anti-nauseant, tones uterus to prepare for birth & reduces chances of hemorrhage in childbirth, known to help with “blues” in pregnancy & afterward. 1-2 teaspoons/cup as a tea 3 cups/day, decoction, poultice for wounds, tincture 1 dropperful in AM/PM QD
Lemon Balm(Melissa Officinalis)
Part Used: leaf & flowering tops
Properties: Aromatic, terpines, bitter, flavonoids, vitamins & minerals.
Uses: Safe, effective, tasty, calming, relaxing, for digestion, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, can lower a fever, insomnia, depression, antioxidant, antispasmodic, helpful for hyperthyroid, dementia, alzheimer’s, ADHD, eczema, & not recommended for hypothyroid. A delicious tea often added for flavor to blends 1 tablespoon/1cup 3/day. Great in a salad & in soups.
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Mother Wort (Leonuruscardiaca)
Part Used: Leaf, flower, stem
Properties: Alkaloid, bitter, phenolic acids, emmenagogic, flavonoids, glycoside, tannin, diuretic, tonic, & antispasmodic
Uses: A healing herb (wort) to mothers. A tonic to nourish & strengthen the heart, uterus, & blood vessels. It regulates blood pressure & uterine functions. It is recommended short term after first trimester then again in the last few weeks of pregnancy as an infusion or tincture. 1 tablespoon/cup 2-3x daily, or blended with other herbs to prepare for labor, tincture ½ tsp/day to increase end of pregnancy according to weight. Caution in hypothyroid.
Nettles(Urtica diocia)
Part Used: Leaf
Properties: Bitter, diuretic, hemostatic, antitumor, antiseptic, emmenogoue, expectorant, astringent, histamine, antispasmodic, flavonoid, very high in vitamins & minerals
Uses: A blood purifier with it’s rich vitamin & mineral content, promoting healthy kidney function, strong vessels, helping to reduce varicosities, & decrease likelihood of hemorrhage at birth. Daily infusions up to a quart a day, juiced leaves, tincture 1 tablespoon 2x daily, or freeze-dried preparations daily.
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Oatstraw (Avena Sativa)
Part used: Green milky tops, seeds, stalks
Properties: Mucilaginous, tonic, rich in vitamins & minerals, nervine, anti-fungal
Uses: Great for calming CNS, stress, anxiety, uterine irritability, insomnia, & cramps. Great for helping to strengthen bones & teeth. Safe to drink as a tea throughout pregnancy. 1 tablespoon/cup 3-6 times a day. Tincture 1 tsp 3x daily
Partridge Berry/Squaw Vine(Mitchella Repens)
Part used: leaves & stem
Properties: alterative, tonic, saponin, mucilage, tannin, astringent, glycosides, alkaloids, enzymes, proteins, vitamins, diuretic, analgesic, minerals
Uses: One of the best herbs for toning & nourishing the uterus in the last trimester, good for miscarriage, pain, calms nerves vaginal infections, diarrhea, dysuria, & kidney stones. Native Amer. used for safe, easy birth.
Great for herbal baths, Tea 1 tablespoon/cup 3x or mix with blend, tincture ½ tsp 3x daily.
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Red Raspberry Leaves(Rubus Idaeus)
Part Used: leaf, stem mostly
Properties: Aromatic, pain, volatile, astringent, tannin, tonic, citric & malic acid, bitter,vit/min, mucilaginous, flavonoid, antiseptic,& antispasmotic
Uses: Nourishes & tones the uterus for childbirth, strengthens urinary system, analgesic, rich in vitamins & minerals, high in bioavailable chelated iron, helps prevent spotting, helps build healthy connective tissue, relieves nausea, safe & great to blend with other herbs & drink as a tea throughout pregnancy. 1 tablespoon/cup steep at least 10 mins 3 cups/day.
Rose Hips (Rosa canina)
Part used: Seeds
Properties: Astringent, antiseptic, antispasmodic, vitamins & minerals, bitter, mucilaginous, & flavonoids
Uses: High in vitamin C & strengthens capillary fragility & connective tissue, antioxidant, great for reducing anxiety, infections, diarrhea, & inflammation. A wonderful addition to pregnancy tonic tea 1 tablespoon/cup steep 10 mins or greater at least 3 x daily
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Shepherd’s purse(Capsella bursa-pastoris)
Part used: leaf & stem
Properties: Astringent, tannin, alkaloid, volatile, flavonoids, vit/minerals, protein, amines, emmenagogue,
Uses: Great for postpartum bleeding prevention with a tea blend & with a tincture if hemorrhaging. Wonderful hemostatic properties, for kidneys bladder infection, promotes healing, helps eczema, rashes, antiseptic also. Tea 1 tablespoon/cup. Tincture ½ tsp repeat 3x
How can we use this information to help in Childbearing?
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Pregnant Tummy Tamer
Eases nausea, heartburn, upset stomach & indigestion.
100% CERTIFIED ORGANIC INGREDIENTS: Lemon balm, dandelion,
peppermint, papaya leaf, ginger root, catnip, cardamom,
anise & fennel.
Pregnancy Tonic Tea
To nourish & support pregnancy
100% CERTIFIED ORGANIC INGREDIENTS: Nettles, Red Raspberry, Oatstraw, Alfalfa, Burdock Root, Spearmint, Lemon Balm,
Rosehips, Peppermint, Red Clover, & Fennel.
This Tea is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent a disease. It has not been evaluated by The Food & Drug Administration.It is recommended to consult with your Midwife
or Physician prior to drinking tea.
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Directions: Add 1-2 teaspoons per cup of boiled water in a tea kettle & steep in a tea pot at least 10 minutes.
To steep longer than 4 hours is an infusion for more nutritional benefits.
Serene Pregnancy Tea
To calm, relax , & nourish the mother-to-be.
Ingredients: Certified organic chamomile, spearmint, nettles,
lemon verbana, red raspberry, catnip, & fennel.
Last Few Weeks Pregnancy Tonic Tea
To nourish & prepare for birth.
Ingredients: Certified organic red raspberry, oatsraw, nettles,
burdock root, lady’s mantle, partridgeberry, lemon verbana,
dandelion, rosehips, peppermint, pau d arco, & fennel.
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Peaceful PostpartumTo provide nourishment & a peaceful postpartum
100% certified organic ingredients: nettles, dandelion, lady’smantle, lemon balm, catnip, shepherds purse, black haw, cramp bark, spearmint, & fennel.
Mama’s Magnificent Milk Tea
Certified Organic Alfalfa, oatstraw, blessed thistle, nettles, spearment, marshmallow, catnip, anise, fennel, borage, fenugreek, goat’s rue, hops, vitex, peppermint, & stevia,.
Infused oils for massage, for perineum, varicose veins
Salves for belly, nipples, pp perineum, boo boo’s, itches, tender tushies…
Hydrosols for personal care, facial mist, labor mist, sore bottoms mist
Essential Oil Blends
Compresses
Herbal Bath/Hydrotherapy
So Many Remedies For So Many Things
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Respiratory RubA Respiratory Remedy
Aromatherapeutic Blend to calm, sooth & heal.
Apply to chest, under nose, & soles of feet
100% Organic Ingredients: Calendula, Comfrey, Plantain,
Arnica Montana, Rosehips, Burdock & Marshmallow Roots
infused into cold pressed Olive & Apricot Oils with 100%
Pure EO Lavender, Peppermint, Frankincense, Eucalyptus,
Globulus, Radiata, Dives, Sandalwood, Fir Needle Balsam
SAFE IN PREGNANCY & FOR CHILDREN
"The Way to Health is to Have an Aromatic Bath
& A Scented Massage Every Day."- Hippocrates, 500 B.C.
V.V. Soothing Bath Salts Dead Sea, & Himalayan Salts & a blend of 100% Pure Organic Essential Oils of: Frankinsense, Cypress, German Chamomile, & Helichrysum.
Directions for Use:
Add ½ cup to bath water
Relax & enjoy!
Soak 15 minutes
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Mama’s Bottom Soother Sitz Bath
Dead Sea Salts & Himalayan Salts with 100% Pure Organic Lavender Essential Oil & an organic herbal blend of Comfrey,
Chamomile, Shepherds Purse, Witch Hazel Leaf & Root, Sage,
Calendula, Uva Ursi, Plantain, Lavender, & Garlic.
Herbs are placed in 3 tea bags to soothe tissue irritation, comfort sore muscles, & reduce swelling associated with birth.
Directions for Use:
Add teabag to 8 cups of boiled water & steep for at least
15 minutes. Add tea to bath water with half cup salts relax
& enjoy for 10 minutes while sipping Peaceful Postpartum
Tea. Each tea bag can be used twice for 6 baths.
Hops one of my favorites from my brother in NY
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Let’s continue to pass the legacy on
Bear is the herbalist in the animal kingdom!
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Happy Autumn
References
Armstrong, D. (2001). Herbs that work: The scientific evidence of their healing powers. Berkeley, CA: Ulysses Press.
Buhner, S. H. (2012). Herbal antibiotics: Natural alternatives for treating drug-resistant bacteria. North Adams, MA: Storey Pub.
Dog, T. L., & Micozzi, M. S. (2005). Women's health in complementary and integrative medicine: A clinical guide. St. Louis, MO: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone.
Foster, S. (1996). Herbs for your health: A handy guide for knowing and using 50 common herbs. Loveland, CO: Interweave Press.
Gallo, M. (2000). Pregnancy Outcome Following Gestational Exposure to Echinacea: A Prospective Controlled Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 160(20), 3141-3143. doi: 10.1001/archinte.160.20.3141
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Gladstar, R. (1993). Herbal healing for women: Simple home remedies for women of all ages. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Gladstar, R. (2001). Rosemary Gladstar's family herbal: A guide to living life with energy, health, and vitality. NorthAdams, MA: Storey Books.
Hobbs, C. (2013). Grow It Heal It: Easy and Amazing Herbal Remedies from Your Garden or Windowsill. Rodale Press, Incorporated.
Morgenstern, K. (1997). Sacred Earth- Alternative Medicine: Herbs for Pregnancy and Childbirth part I. Herb Quarterly. Retrieved September 19, 2014, from http://www.sacredearth.com/ethnobotany/remedies/childbirth1.php
Pedersen, M. (1998). Nutritional herbology: A reference guide to herbs. Warsaw, IN: Wendell W. Whitman.
Romm, A. J. (2003). The natural pregnancy book: Herbs, nutrition, and other holistic choices. Berkeley, CA: Celestial Arts.
Smith, E. (1999). Therapeutic herb manual: A guide to the safe and effective use of liquid herbal extracts. Williams, Or. (P.O. Box 116, Williams 97544): E. Smith.
Weed, S. S. (1985). Wise woman herbal for the childbearing year. Woodstock, NY: Ash Tree Pub.
Westfall, R. E. (2001). Herbal medicine in pregnancy and childbirth. Advances in Therapy, 18(1), 47-55. doi: 10.1007/BF02850250