Middle Ages Review

Geography

1. Copy this sentence…

•Most Medieval Towns were built near Rivers(or seas).

2. What region began as part of the Roman Empire and continued after Rome fell?

•Byzantine Empire

3. Where did the Vikings come from?

•Scandinavia

4. What region of land was fought over during the Crusades?

•The Holy Land

Culture & Society

5. Draw the Feudalism Social Pyramid.

King

Lords/Nobles

Knights

Peasants/Serfs

The Church

6. What was Feudalism?

•Feudalism was an economic, political, and social system that organized society.

• It was based on promises and loyalty.

7. Who had the fewest rights in Feudalism?

•Peasants/Serfs King

Lords/Nobles

Knights

Peasants/Serfs

8. Why did Peasants in the Early Middle Ages give up many freedoms to live on the Lord’s manor?

•For safety and protection from Vikings and warfare between kingdoms.

•Life was about SURVIVAL!

9. What are some good things the church did or provided for people in the Middle Ages?

• Stability

•Food

•The path to Salvation

•Education

•Help for the sick & poor

•Entertainment

10. What is the title of the person who led and continues to lead the Roman Catholic Church?

•The Pope

Economics

11. After Rome fell, what economic activity were most people involved in?

•Farming/

Agriculture

12. What were guilds? What do they compare to in today’s world?

•Guilds were merchant and trade organizations to improve business, set prices, and set quality.

•They compare to trade unions.

NOW

13. Copy this sentence…

•The supply of workers decreased, the demand for labor increased, and worker pay increased, after the Black Deathkilled millions.

14. How did the Crusades impact the economy in the Late Middle Ages?

•Trade and commerce increased as new technologies & goods from the Holy Land and beyond were in high demand

Government & Civics

15. What form of government was most common during the Middle Ages?

•MONARCHY!

16. What two groups held the most power during the Middle Ages?

•Church

•Kings

17. Explain Divine Right of Kings

•Belief that God gives kings the right to rule.

18. What was the Magna Carta? How does it connect to U.S. Government today?

•Magna Carta= Great charter

•Document that limited the power of the king!

• It is part of government today because the President’s power is limited- and so is the power of other leaders.

Historical Perspective

19. What happened in Europe after Rome fell?

•When Rome falls, life is dangerous and difficult.

• There is no longer a central government or army for protection.

• Life is all about SURVIVAL!

20. Who was Charlemagne? What was he known for?

• Charlemagne, or Charles the Great, was a king of the Franks, and a very important leader.

• He is known for unifying all of the Christian lands in Europe into a single empire using Feudalism and Christianity.

• He is the first emperor of the Holy Roman Empire, and was crowned by the Pope.

21. How did the Vikings impact Europe?

•Fierce warriors who raided towns and villages

•Eventually colonized areas of Europe and were great explorers.

22. Use the words William the Conqueror, Battle of Hastings, 1066, and King of England in a sentence.

•William the Conqueror became King of Englandafter the Battle of Hastings in 1066.

23. Why were English nobles unhappy with King John, leading to the creation of the Magna Carta?

•King John argued with the church, so the church refused to perform marriages etc.

•The nobles forced King John to meet with them and sign the Magna Carta-limiting his power!

24. What effect did the Crusades have on Europe and the Middle East?

• Conflict between some groups from the Crusades that still impact the world today

• There was more unity in Europe because people were fighting a common enemy.

• Europeans rediscovered ideas and knowledge from Ancient Greece and Rome.

• Cultural Diffusion: Trade and commerce increased as new technologies, ideas, & goods from the Holy Land and beyond were in high demand.

25. What effect did the Black Death have on the people of the Middle Ages?

• Huge Death Toll:• China lost nearly ½ of their

population.

• Europe lost nearly 1/3rd

• Trade and commerce came to a halt.

• Peasants could demand higher pay and more rights because of scarcity.

• Lords became less powerful

26. Who was Joan of Arc?

• 17 year old peasant girl who claimed to hear voices of the saints asking her to save France.

• She became a soldier and led the French in battle during the Hundred Years’ War.

• She was captured and burned at the stake, but was eventually made a saint.

• Inspired the French to fight and win the war.

27. What was important about the Hundred Years’ War?

• Power shifted from lords and kings to the common people

• Knights were no longer needed because kings paid soldiers instead

• Longbows were used

• Gunpowder was used

• Nationalism grew