Mid Term Hrm624 Vu-new

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Conflict Management (HRM- 624)Quiz # 01 SPECIAL SEMESTER, 2007

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1. A dispute in which some of the contentions can be expressed as a cause of action or as a defense to a cause of action is known as____.

Legal disputeAdjunctionMediationDefense dispute

2. A collision involving motor vehicles that results in minor damage is called____?

Minor collisionFender benderMinor damageRoad accident

3. The process in which a third-party neutral, after reviewing evidence and listening to arguments from both sides, issues a decision to settle the case is called____?

AdjudicationArbitrationConciliationDefense dispute

4. The process in which neutral third party renders binding decision in interpersonal conflict is called____?

AdjudicationArbitrationConciliationDefense dispute

5. In the American system of government, the formalized structure built to handle disputes that people have been unable to resolve on their own is ________.

Dispute resolutionJudicial systemADRDefense dispute




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6. The disputant for whom an agent is acting is called _____.

PrincipalAdvocateDisputantLawyer

7. The options given below are forms of resolving conflict except one:

NegotiationLegal disputeConciliationArbitration

8. The discussion among two or more people with the goal of reaching an agreement is called___.

NegotiationLegal disputeConciliationArbitration

9. Positive interdependence may also be called_________.

Contrient PromotiveConciliationArbitration

10.Disagreement or argument about something important is known as___.

Contrient PromotiveConciliationDispute




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1. In dual concern model the style which represents a low level of concern for both self andother known as__________.a) Avoidingb) Dominatingc) Obligingd) Compromising2. Third party usually helps, clarifies and grounds each disputing party’s alternatives toagreement in___________.a) Reality testingb) Litigationc) Negotiationd) Dispute3. A person holds_____ power when he influences others by coercing, threatening, harmingand irritating.a) Rewardb) Coercivec) Normatived) Expert4. Research and investigation can be examples of sources of _________power.a) Expertb) Rewardc) Normatived) Democratic5. A dispute between two neighbors can be example of _________power.a) Expertb) Rewardc) Ecologicald) Social6. Formal power is exercised in a ________manner.a) Bottom-upb) Top-downc) Horizontald) Vertical7. The influence which is deliberate or purposive in nature may be called_____.




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a) Motivationb) Powerc) Integrationd) None of the given options8. When one disputant is forced to litigation then __________style is not possible.a) Compromisingb) Integrationc) Authoritatived) Avoiding9. Dual concern model assumes that no disputant has ________orientation.a) Positiveb) Negativec) Neutrald) Zero-Sum10. In dual concern model the style which represents a moderate level of concern for self andother known as__________.a) Avoidingb) Dominatingc) Obligingd) Compromising

1. Negotiation in which the disputants are the only participants is called________.a) Adjudicationb) Mediationc) Simple negotiationd) Facilitated negotiation2. An interpersonal conflict in which no participant is aware of the divergence of goals, needs, orinterests is known as__________.a) Latent conflictb) False conflictc) Cause of actiond) None of the given options3. A conflict situation in which the disputants believe that when one disputant helps him/herself,




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the other disputant is also helped is_______________.a) Constructive conflictb) Competitive conflictc) Destructive conflictd) Cooperative conflict4. A situation involving actual incompatibility of needs, interests or goals is definedas__________.a) False conflictb) True conflictc) Veridical conflictd) Both true and veridical conflict5. Conflict causes predictable and destructive changes in the disputant’s attitudes, perceptions andinteractions is called____________.a) Perceived conflictb) Real conflictc) Escalating conflictd) Data type conflict6. Meeting one party’s goals is just like promoting other party’s goals known as:a) Promotive Interdependenceb) Contrient Interdependencec) Positive Interdependenced) None of the given options7. The first step in conflict diagnosis is to describe the______________.a) Conflictb) Disputantc) Motivesd) Position8. In interpersonal conflict the reality understood by each participant is highly__________.a) Objectiveb) Personalc) Subjectived) Biased9. There is/are usually ___________ source /sources of any given conflict.a) Single




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b) Multiplec) Soled) Distinct10. One can infer attitudes and make judgments about people and things through _____________.a) Perceptionb) General attribution theoryc) Stimulid) Cognitive Structure

Solution of Quiz-011. One standing in the shoes of a disputant during an interpersonal conflict, acting for thedisputant is called:Agent2. The extreme form of conflict is violence and violence generally hurts __________.Weaker parties3. __________ tend to enjoy the use less aggressive tactics, show less contentiousbehavior and more cooperative strategies.Positive mood4. People confronted with conflict in our culture typically react by seeing the situation as a__________ where there can only be one winner.Competition5. Processes that combine the attributes of two or more of the major forms of disputeresolution are called:Mixed processes6. The American legal system is a(n) __________ process built on the notion that justiceis achievable through competition.Adversarial7. A dispute in which some of the contentions can be expressed as a cause of action or asa defense to a cause of action is known as:




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Legal dispute8. Conflicts involving __________ matters are more difficult to resolve.Intangible9. If we focus on __________ and ignore the __________ for a short span of time then itwill be more beneficial for dispute resolution.Outcome, process10. Which of the following is the least intrusive of third-party processes?Conciliation

1. All of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interestsEXCEPT:a) It ensures user doesn’t miss an optimal resolutionb) It creates greater inflexibility in coming to settlementc) It helps user visualize and recognize alternate ways to meet goalsd) It enables user to evaluate some interests could be met outside the conflict2. It is the stances or demands taken by disputants or their agents / advocates in aninterpersonal conflict, known as:a) Positionb) Interestsc) Bargainingd) Negotiation3. As a mediator, you are analyzing the situation where an employee and his managerhave a disagreement. You are focusing that how the concerns of other employees willbe affected by the settlement. You are analyzing what type of interests?a) Advocate’s interestsb) The disputant’s interestsc) Advocate of other disputant’s interestsd) Constituents & stake holder’s interests4. Conflict can be taken as a challenge and could be transformed into a/an:a) Threatb) Systemc) Opportunityd) All of the given options




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5. Abraham Mazlow believed that the most basic needs are:a) Safety needsb) Security needsc) Physiological needsd) Psychological needs6. Deutsch's theories can be illustrated by two round graphs showing how cooperative andcompetitive conflicts move through:a) Cyclical processb) Efficient processc) Escalating processd) Conciliatory process7. Who said, “If you are a master, be some time blind; if a servant, sometimes deaf”?a) Robert Gaitsb) Robert Frostc) Thomas Fullerd) Thomas Millar8. Which of the following is the feature of competitive patterns of perceiving a conflict inorganizations?a) Less destructive political behaviorb) It results in missed opportunitiesc) Increased productivityd) Fewer turnovers9. Trust, based on a calculation, comparing the costs and benefits of creating andsustaining a relationship versus the costs and benefits of severing it is the form of whichtype of trust?a) Calculus-based trustb) Productive-based trustc) Knowledge-based trustd) Identification-based trust10. __________ trust comes from any situation in which people become well and so on.a) Calculus-basedb) Knowledge-based




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c) Experience-basedd) Identification-based11. Which of the following is NOT the motivation of seeking vengeance?a) To prove self worthb) To continue further disarrayc) Rigidity of values & fixity of mindd) Disappointment of vengeful disputant12. Which of the following is the best way to deal with Meta-disputes is to:a) Boost themb) Apply themc) Ignore themd) Prevent them13. In an interpersonal conflict where the disputants do not wish to do the work necessaryto resolve the conflict until they feel there is no other alternative, the impediment toresolution is:a) Mistrustb) Lack of ripenessc) Excluded stakeholdersd) Over commitment & entrapment14. During a labor dispute one side accuses the other of unfair practices, is one of theexamples of:a) Mistrustb) Linkagesc) Meta-disputesd) Unpleasant disputant15. The success of this style is dependent upon a free flow of information.a) Self-protectivenessb) Mutual & unilateralc) Cooperative versus competitived) Usefulness in inducing cooperation16. All of the following are tactics used in integrating EXCEPT:a) Bridgingb) Logrollingc) Undercuttingd) Expanding the pie




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17. In the event that the negotiation will not produce a good outcome, the disputant shouldbe aware of his/her:a) TALNb) ATNAc) ALTAd) ANTL18. The power to impose negative, damaging or unpleasant consequences on someone else,known as:a) Referent powerb) Coercive powerc) Normative powerd) All of the given options19. Which of the following power is based on superior knowledge to the others?a) Normative powerb) Referent powerc) Coercive powerd) Expert power20. The propensity to judge people based on __________ is general practice.a) Powerb) Culturec) Diversityd) Stereotype

1. An interpersonal conflict in which both the promotive and contrient aspects of interdependence are recognized is known as a

a. Mixed interdependence situationb. Mixed-motive situationc. Mixed independence situation d. None of the given options

2. During negotiation, the decision as to whether or not settle rests in part on a. Environmental factorb. Economic factorc. Emotional factorsd. Nature of the conflict




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3. What is true about negotiation?a. Just avoiding anger can ensure the success of negotiationb. Just avoiding negative emotions is enough for success of negotiationc. Understanding the emotions of other party and acting upon their conditions make sure

negotiation to work outd. Understanding all conditions and circumstances and controlling emotions (own and

other’s) is necessary for negotiation to do well4. Litigation is the part of

a. Agency adjudicationb. Arbitrationc. Adjudicationd. Negotiation

5. The main reason why a change/innovation seems to be ineffective is:a. Practice creates high degree of efficiencyb. Testing new ways will necessarily lack efficiencyc. The failures of innovations are taken as the inferiority of innovation over the existing

practice, rather than to the lack of efficiency.d. All of the given options

6. If we focus on process and ignore the outcome for a short span of time then it will be more beneficial for dispute resolution.

TrueFalse

7. Conflict is Complex but yet not difficult to understandTrueFalse

8. The faulty perceptions that arise during conflicts are usually thought as obviousTrueFalse

9. The first step of resolution of conflict is identification of problemTrueFalse

10. Usually the sources of conflict are Multiple and many of them are obvious

TrueFalse




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1. High levels of trust between disputants makes:a. Negotiation more efficientb. Disputants less responsivec. Decrease disputant’s willingness to try to find additional ways to trust each otherd. A competitive conflict cycle more likely

2. Which type of trust is founded on control?a. Calculus-based trustb. Knowledge-based trust c. Identification-based trustd. Productive based trust

3. There is a contest among all employees of organization about valuable suggestions for improving policies for employees. What type of conflict it may be?

a. Constructiveb. Destructivec. Competitive but constructive d. Cooperative but destructive

4. All of the following are advantages of understanding the other disputant's interests except:a. It helps user visualize and recognize alternate ways to meet goalsb. It creates greater inflexibility in coming to settlementc. It ensures user doesn’t miss an optimal resolutiond. It enables user to evaluate whether some interests could be met outside the conflict

5. Focusing only on resource aspects of a conflict leads to

a. Zero-sum thinking

b. A competitive approach to resolution

c. A cooperative approach to resolution

d. Zero-sum thinking and a competitive approach to resolution

6. Where the disputants aren't fighting about what's really bothering them, the conflict is:

a. Misplacedb. Misattributedc. Misaligned




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d. Displaced

7. The meaning of language or behavior may be misunderstood, causing a _____ conflict.

a. Preferences and nuisances b. Data-type c. Resource d. Communication

8. In the final step, Step Seven, disputants put the option into practice, which in turn creates a new:

a. Stimulusb. Actionc. Optiond. None of the above is correct

9. The conflict gamer reacts to conflict by: a. Avoiding itb. Feeling traumatized by itc. Not preparing for itd. Postponing negotiation

10. The form of negotiation in which the negotiation is facilitated by a neutral third party is:

a. Mediationb. Agent or advocate-assisted negotiationc. Nonbinding evaluationd. Arbitration

11. Agent is a party to a conflict who is powerful enough to significantly alter its course

TrueFalse

12. Most transactions contain both compatible and incompatible goals and are known as mixed-motive situations

TrueFalse

13. Lawyers are the only people who could not benefit from understanding conflict diagnosis

True




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False

14. Creative thinking has always a positive effect on negotiationTrueFalse

15. Mediation is a way of negotiation where there are agents involved of both partiesTrueFalse

16. Misconceptions about conflicts cause increase our ability to respond to conflicts effectively

TrueFalse17. Issues perspective is the most important perspective of conflict to be observed. TrueFalse18. Focusing on resources to diagnose a conflict may help in finding other sources of conflict TrueFalse

19. In a competitive conflict the disputants perceive as a win and loose situationTrueFalse

20. The attitude that allows for risk taking behavior is known as trustTrueFalse

1. An accurate estimate of BATNA:a. Allows disputant in making irrational choices about when to continuenegotiating, when to accept an offer, and when to stopb. Allows being unduly pressured into settlementc. Prevents team to accept a deal better than the BATNA without hesitation;prevents lost opportunities to make good dealsd. Allows team to make better choices about how to exert its relationshippower in the negotiation

2. Impressions formed about people that are based upon fitting the person intovarious categories are a type of impression called:a. Data processing




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b. Systemic processingc. Category-based processingd. Detail processing

3. The mental processes which are used unconsciously to reinforce stereotypesinclude all of the following except:a. Ignoringb. Over interpretationc. Explaining awayd. All of the above are correct

4. When we try to associate with the information previously assumed even if we getinformation about a certain phenomenon, we tend to___________ in process ofstereotype.a. Ignoreb. Explain awayc. Agreed. Challenge

5. Extending a pre assumed perception and confirming it with small piece ofinformation is which type of mental process of stereotyping?a. Selecting Weighting Processesb. Stereotype over interpretationc. Stereotype-consistent perceptiond. Explaining away

6. _____________ processing is more accurate, but ________ processing is fasterand easier.a. Systematic, category-basedb. Category-based, systematicc. Dual, systematicd. Group, Systematic7. The mediator’s primary function is to promote effective negotiation in:a. Facilitative mediationb. Evaluative mediationc. Nonbinding evaluationsd. Mediation8. In mediation:




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a. There may not be a settlement since the disputants may not come toagreementb. If there is some settlement it is permanentc. The settlement is usually verbald. Settlements reached in mediation are not enforceable contracts9. An advantage of “evaluative” mediation is that it:a. Helps each disputant to fine-tune his or her BATNA for accuracy andto modify it if it is too optimisticb. Is the best form of mediation in inducing the disputants to use principlednegotiationc. Is the best form of mediation in improving the disputants’ relationshipd. All of mentioned options10. In general, settlements reached in mediation, once formalized, are:a. Unenforceableb. Enforceable to the same extent as court ordersc. Enforceable to the same extent as contracts, and subject to the samedefensesd. Enforceable, but void able by any disputant who wishes to opt out of theagreement11. “To facilitate Collaborating/Integrating negotiation between the disputants” isthe goal of which type of mediation?a. Triage mediationb. Bargaining-based mediationc. Therapeutic mediationd. Pure mediation12. Which of the following types of mediation has narrow and evaluative focus?a. Triage mediationb. Bargaining-based mediationc. Pure mediationd. Therapeutic mediation13. In which sort of mediation are due process problems the most likely to occur?a. Triage mediationb. Bargaining-based mediationc. Pure mediationd. Transformative mediation14. Sara is a triage mediator, Warda is a pure mediator, Afifa is a transformativemediator, and Faria is a bargaining-based mediator. Which of these mediators ismore likely to try to encourage her clients to get a fair agreement through




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compromising?a. Sarab. Wardac. Afifad. Faria15. Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than mostfacilitative mediation.a. Quicker and less expensiveb. Quicker but more expensivec. Slower but less expensived. Slower and more expensive

11. The purpose of pure mediation would be most accurately stated as:

Getting a settlement as quickly as possibleGetting a fair compromiseFacilitating principled bargaining or similar collaborative negotiation so that settlement can resultHealing the disputants emotionally

12. Potential mediation client Ms. B complained that she wanted to reach settlement in mediation, but the mediator didn’t seem at all concerned with helping the parties reach settlement, or even to negotiate. Which of the following forms of mediation did this mediator probably practice?

a. Triage mediationb. Bargaining-based mediationc. Pure mediationd. Transformative mediation

13. Most informal arbitration is probably __________________ than most facilitative mediation.

a. Quicker and less expensiveb. Quicker but more expensivec. Slower but less expensived. Slower and more expensive

14. Mediation:a. Indirectly promotes cooperationb. Can enhance or preserve relationships




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c. Can create mistrustd. Some time unable to create more optimal solutions than processes that do

not directly promote cooperation

15. I want to save time and money.” Taking in to consideration the advantages and disadvantages of different type of dispute resolution methods, which of the following is best method to be adopted for the statement given above?

a. Legislationb. Mediationc. Negotiation d. Adjudication

16. Mediator (and clients) sets ground rules for conduct in which stage of mediation?

a. The introductory stage

b. Issues clarification and communication

c. The productive stage

d. Agreement consummation

17. In issue clarification stage in the process of mediation, _______________ mediation generally focuses on analyzing interests of disputants and on avoiding positional bargaining.

a. Evaluativeb. Facilitativec. Category based d. Non-binding

18. In which type of mediation mediator takes the time to ensure that he or she has no prior dealings with either disputant that might create a conflict of interest?

a. Facilitativeb. Evaluativec. Both facilitative and evaluatived. Neither facilitative nor evaluative

19. Which of the following introductory statements by a mediator is MOST LIKELY to lead to improved cooperation between the mediating disputants?




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a. “The purpose of this mediation is for you to decide whether plaintiff’s or defendant’s version of the issue will prevail.”

b. “In mediation, I listen to both sides of the case and then we choose who wins.”c. “Mediation is a way for the two of you to seek creative solutions to your conflict

that address your unique situation and leave neither of you feeling victimized.”d. “Now I’d like each of you to state your positions.”

20. One DISADVANTAGE of caucusing in mediation is that:a. The mediator is prevented from using evaluative tacticsb. Caucusing does not promote integrating/collaboratingc. Caucusing prevents the mediator from learning about issues the disputants feel

uncomfortable discussing in front of one anotherd. Caucusing promotes principled negotiation

21. Confidentiality in mediation is:a. Entirely determined by statuteb. Determined by statute, court rule, or contract, depending on the

jurisdiction and the type of mediationc. Ordered by the mediator in appropriate casesd. A myth; mediation is not confidential

22. Concerns over whether a mediator should be able to testify in subsequent litigation raise issues of:

a. Effectivenessb. Confidentialityc. Participationd. Enforceability

23. Many scholars recognize advantages of arbitration over litigation. These advantages include:

a. Expertise of a specialized tribunalb. Fewer saving in time and expensec. Less compliance with arbitration awardsd. Arbitrator’s decision serves as precedent in all similar cases throughout the country

24. Which of the following is not advantage of arbitration?a. Low Cost relative to Litigationb. Intermediary involved




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c. Legally Binding Natured. International Enforceability

25. __________ is potentially cheaper and faster than______________.

a. Non-binding evaluation, litigationb. Litigation, Non-binding evaluationc. Litigation, ADRd. ADR, Litigation


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Mid Term Hrm624 Vu-new