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Microscope & Simple Epithelium
LAB EXERCISEBY
DR. ANSARIWednesday, May 3, 2023
05/03/23 1HISTOLOGY LAB.1.
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OBJECTIVES
• Parts of a compound microscope.• Function of each part.• Types of microscope.• Types of tissues• Features of simple epithelium• Types of simple epithelium• Locations of simple epithelium
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PARTS OF A COMPOUNDMICROSCOPE
EYE PIECE
• The part of the microscope that you look through. Eyepieces in most compound microscopes have a lens with a 10x magnification level. Our Advanced microscope has a pointer built in, which appears as a black line across half of the field of view. To move the pointer, just turn the top of the eyepiece.
05/03/23 The eye piece/ocular 5
The first set of objectives are called low power, The magnification range is 10X; 4X
05/03/23 The objectives lenses 6
The second set of objectives are called “high Power”
They multiply 40X; & 100X. 100X is oil immersion
05/03/23 THE HIGH POWER 7
OBJECTIVE LENSES ARE NEAR THE SPECIMEN
CONDENSOR/IRIS
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IT CONVERGES THE LIGHT ON TO THE SPECIMEN
NON OPTICAL PARTS ARE
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STAGE, HANDLE, ADJUSTMENT KNOBS
SLIDE MOVEMENT KNOBS9
TYPES OF MICROSCOPES• DARK FIELD MICROSCOPE• PHASE CONTRAST
MICROSCOPE• FLOURESENT
MICROSCOPE• ELECTRON MICROSCOPE• A beam of electrons are
used for illumination and it is recorded and viewed, it increases the resolution
• A light object is seen on a dark background, e.g.. Spirochetes, syphilis bacteria can be seen by dark field microscope.
• Live unstained microorganism can be seen by Phase contrast microscope.
• Ultraviolet light is used to illuminate the specimen by fluorescent microscope.
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Types of tissues
• There are four basic tissues of our body.• 1. Epithelial tissue,• 2. Connective tissue,• 3. Muscular tissue,• 4. Nervous tissue.
05/03/23These are fundamental
tissues of the body11
SIMPLE EPITHELIUM1. It is a single layered structure, the cells are arranged side by side.2. No spaces in between.3. No extra cellular material.4. No blood vessels/nerves…
05/03/23FEATURES OF SIMPLE
EPITHELIUM12
TYPES OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM
• 1. SIMPLE COLUMNAR• 2.SIMPLE SQUAMOUS• 3.SIMPLE CUBOIDAL• 4. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED
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CLASSIFICATION OF SIMPLE EPITHELIUM 13
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CILIA ARE MOTILE STRUCTURES ARISING FROM LUMINAL SURFACE OF EPITHELIUM
SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM1. CELLS ARE ARRANGED IN ONE ROW.2. TALL COLUMNAR CELLS3. ALL RESTING ON BASEMENT MEMBRANE4. HELPS IN ABSORPTION/SECRETION
05/03/23 FEATURES 15
EXAMPLES
1.GALL BLADDER2.STOMACH3.INTESTINE4.UTERINE TUBE
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SIMPLE COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM 16
SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
• A single row of thin scale like cells resting on a basement membrane.
• Helps in perfusion/filtration/lining the blood vessels/peritoneum/pleura/pericardium.
• Examples are seen in lung alveoli, • Bowman’s capsule of kidney.
05/03/23 FEATURES AND EXAMPLES 17
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SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUMSEEN IN THE INNER LINING OF THE BLOOD VESSELS
05/03/23 TUNICA INTIMA/ENDOTHELIUM 19
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SIMPLE SQUAMOUS EPITHELIUM
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05/03/23 LUNG ALVEOLI 23
Simple squamous epithelium
05/03/23SIMPLE CUBOIDAL
EPITHELIUM 24
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUMSEEN IN CONVOLUTED TUBULES OF KIDNEY
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LINING CELLS OF THYROID FOLLICLES
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM
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SECRETION/EXCRETION/ABSORPTION FUNCTIONS OF
SIMPLE CUBOIDAL EPITHELIUM26
PSEUDOSTRATIFIED CILIATED COLUMNAR EPITHELIUM
RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM
05/03/23 TRACHEA 27
FEATURES OF REPIRATORY EPITHELIUM
• MULTILAYERED CELLS• NUCLEI AT VARIOUS LEVELS• SURFACE CELLS HAVING CILIA• SIMPLE GOBLET CELLS • CONTAINING MUCOUS• ALL CELLS REST ON BASEMENT MEMBRANE
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RESPIRATORY EPITHELIUM
CILIA AT THE FREE APICAL SURFACE
05/03/23FALSE APPEARANCE OF
MULTILAYERD CELLS29
IDENTIFY THE TYPE OF EPITHELIUM ?
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What type of epithelium is this?
Where it can be found?
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Identify the type of epithelium?
Where are the places it can be found ?
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WHAT TYPE OF EPITHELIUM IS THIS?
WRITE ANY 2 FEATURES OF THIS TYPE OF EPITHELIUM.
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