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15 July 2021
Microgrids Provide Resilient and Sustainable Energy Solutions for the Military
2020 J.W. Morris Sustaining Member
Award Winner
SAME Space Coast
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Black & VeatchOverview
106Offices Professionals
10,000+
Revenue in 2019$3.7B
Active Projects Worldwide
7,000+
Black & Veatch Federal CapabilitiesLeverages 100+ years of experience with the Federal Government providing consistent:
• Secure Facility Design Services• Integrated Services• Construction Services• Environmental Services
Provides consistent delivery on projects of all sizes and locations on time and on budget
75+Microgrid Projects
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Leveraging more than 100 years of experience providing resilient solutions to our nation’s mission-critical facilities, infrastructure, and programs worldwide to the Federal Government
Federal ServicesBlack & Veatch
An AE Designer Perspective on Microgrids
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Meet Our Speakers
Doug MackenzieEnergy Services ManagerBlack & Veatch, Federal
Dustin Rogge, PEMicrogrid Solutions ManagerBlack & Veatch, Power
Larry Almaleh, PE, PMPProject ManagerBlack & Veatch, Federal
Pat Carolan, PEAssociate Vice President, Program DirectorBlack & Veatch, Federal
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What is a Microgrid?
• Interconnected loads and distributed energy resources
• Acts as a single controllable entity
• Connects and disconnects from the grid
There are many definitions of microgrids, EPRI uses the first two bullets, we add the third bullet.
Substation = ~20 MW +
Feeder = ~5 to 20 MW
Multi-facility = ~ < 5 MW
Single facility = ~ 1 kW +
MICROG R I D
vs MINIG R I D
vs NANOG R I D
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What Can Microgrids Provide?
Microgrids apply industry’s most innovative technologies to:
Provide increased energy resiliency and operational flexibility for critical facilities
Provide cost saving from economic dispatch, market participation, and deferment of costs for traditional backup power systems
Provide local grid capacity and stability support
Provide increased fuel supply chain security through use of decentralized renewable electricity that produces power at the point of consumption
Decrease carbon footprint and meet sustainability goals
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Why Microgrids?
Drastic changes are leading to a paradigm shift in the power and energy system model.
Military installations are facing increasingly frequent and severe major events that cause power outages and disrupt mission continuity
The utility power system is undergoing a massive shift to renewable and intermittent electricity
Microgrids and distributed energy technology are being used to provide resilient and sustainable power within the new power and energy system model.
Your Mission Goes On Even if the Power Goes Out!
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Why Microgrids?
This new model is catalyzing the necessity of microgrids for the military as a tool to:
Actively participate in the energy market
Increase operational flexibility
Support the stability of their local power system
Provide resiliency and mission continuity during extreme events that cause power outages in the centralized utility
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Your Mission Goes OnEven if the Power Goes Out
Microgrids provide continuous energy – even if the power goes out your mission goes on!
The Grid is Under Constant Threat
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“ The risk is very real.Gerry Cauley, NERC President
U.S. Senate Energy & Natural Resources Committee TestimonyApril 4, 2017
”2012 | More than 8 million homes
lost power in 17 states due to Superstorm Sandy
2013 | Sniper attack on PG&E’s Metcalf transmission substation severely
damages 17 transformers
2015 | Cyber attack shuts down power to thousands in the Ukraine
2020 | More than 130,000 homes and businesses lost power due to the
devastating wildfires in California
2021 | Cyber attack on Columbia Pipeline
Design for Scalable Levels of Resilience
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Design can be optimized for unique mission requirements
Tier 1Tier 2
Tier 3Tier 4
Non-Critical LoadsPower Availability of 99.77% (Typical Utility
Annual Downtime ~2hrs)
Critical LoadsPower Availability of
99.99% (53 Minutes Annual Downtime)
More Critical LoadsPower Availability of 99.999% (5 Minutes
Annual Downtime)
Most Critical LoadsPower Availability of 99.9999% (30 Seconds
Annual Downtime)
Generation, Controls
Redundancy, Energy Storage
Automated Switching
8%
17%25%
50%
Sample Installation
Policy Updates
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• DoD policies establish resiliency baselineso National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) 2021
establishes target power availability of 99.9%-99.9999%o 2020 FEB - Policy: SECNAV: Installation Energy Resilience
Strategy Benchmark availability for critical facilities ranges from
99.999% (five nines) to 99.9999% (six nines), i.e. no more than five minutes of down time per year
o 2020 FEB - Policy: Under Secretary of Defense: Metrics and Standards for Energy Resilience at Military Installations Memorandum “Deliver Resilience: Achieve 100% mission continuity for
Defense and Task Critical Assets and Infrastructure by establishing the capability to operate off grid for 14 days or a longer duration as determined by the Installation's Commanding Officer in consultation with the Mission Owner(s) by September 2025.”
o DON, P-602 Three Pillars of Energy Security, 2017 sets availability targets for total installations (i.e. non-critical missions): Benchmark criteria targets of 99.9886% for shipyards and 99.9772% for other installations
• Federal policies driving proliferation of DER and catalyzing market access, e.g. FERC 841, 2222
• State policies guide market participation and economic viability of energy projectso Regulated vs de-regulated energy marketso State policies and incentives [Reference DSIRE]
• Upcoming: Standalone ITC for energy storage and funds for R&D (American Jobs Plan)
Process to Increase Energy Security via Microgrids
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Quantitative analysis enables data-driven decisions for infrastructure development to maximize energy security and sustainability for DoD installations. The goal of these analyses are to increase system availability and resiliency at the lowest cost.
Technical approach to increase installation energy security via development of resilient and sustainable microgrids
RELIABILITY
Reliability Availability Maintainability (RAM) analysis of power and
energy systems is done via in-house Monte Carlo simulation software to
guide major design decisions and quantify
microgrid system availability against DoD
policy baselines.
STABILITY
Power system stability modeling is done in dynamic/ transient power modeling software and incorporates DoD loads, utility power systems, and DoD power generation (backup generation, solar PV), battery storage, and distribution
systems. Models stability in grid-connected and island-mode. Captures resource intermittency and dynamic
capabilities of energy generation sources and microgrid control system.
EFFICIENCY
Energy Profile Analysis is done using NREL’s system advisory model (SAM) to
size systems from multiple energy sources and loads.
Incorporates market participation for distributed energy resources (DER) and serves as basis for microgrid
LCCA.
COSTLife-cycle cost analysis (LCCA)
incorporates capital costs, sustainment
(OM&R), and revenue streams
(market participation).
Process to Increase Energy Security via Microgrids
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Qualitative assessments
• Review policies and regulation that enable or limit market participation• Stakeholder and asset ownership mapping• Environmental permitting assessment• Risk assessment • Supply chain security consideration• High impact low probability (HILP) event review (e.g. man-made events, or major weather events)• DER use-case review
Technical approach to increase installation energy security via development of resilient and sustainable microgrids
Sustainability and resiliency are complimentary principles if microgrid projects are well developed
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World Headquarters MicrogridBlack & Veatch
Microgrid solution provides ~1,300 MWh of power per year
Geothermal Electric Vehicle Charging Stations
Microgrid Energy Management Application
Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
Battery Energy Storage System
Natural GasMicroturbines
Link to the virtual microgrid tour: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBwKj5LKL0M&t=
Energy Cost Reduction & Power Stability
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Battery Use Cases• Battery Only
o Demand management Peak shaving Load shifting Demand response
o Ancillary services Frequency regulation Fast frequency response
• Genset o Optimization via BESS
• PV + o Genset integrationo PV ramp rate control via BESSo Increased self consumption of PVo Power quality
• Stacked use cases – what is practical? Ramp-rate control + Peak Shaving
• Early evening to sunset
BV WHQ Ramp-rate Control + Peak Shaving
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Let’s Explore Military Microgrid Projects
Marine Corps Air Station Miramar, San Diego, CA
Rendering from Marine Corps Base Pacific Region
Fort Hunter-Ligget, Jolon, CA
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Fort Hunter-Ligget, Jolon, CA MicrogridBlack & Veatch provided the design for medium voltage Microgrid which serves critical facilities at Ft. Hunter Liggett. The microgrid is first of a kind for the U.S. Army in that is relies on PV/Battery Storage for island mode when disconnected from the grid.• 100% PV Solar• +3 MWH Battery• +400 kW WTE• Lessons on Microgrids designed on inverter based
generation verses conventional rotating electro-mechanical generators
First of a kind microgrid that relies on PV/Battery Storage when disconnected from the grid
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Marine Corps Base (MCB) Pacific Region Microgrid
• Black & Veatch supported the programming phase for microgrid development at multiple DoD facilities in the Pacific
• The installations require (i) additional power capacity for baseload and backup requirements, (ii) power quality regulation, and (iii) the ability to island their critical missions for extended outages utilizing onsite fuel storage, fuel delivery plans, and renewable sources of energy to power their missions
• Black & Veatch screened technologies, performed risk assessments, reviewed environmental permitting and regulations, developed concept designs, defined technical requirements, developed cost estimates, and led stakeholder discussions.
• Black & Veatch performed reliability availability maintainability (RAM), power system stability, energy profile, and life-cycle cost analysis to serve as the quantitative basis for major design decisions. Provided data driven power and energy system
upgrades and improvements in the Pacific Region.
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Aerial View: MCAS Miramar
Microgrid Backup Power Plant• 4MW Diesel Generator Set• 3MW Natural Gas Generator Set • Central Microgrid Controller• Energy Storage
Energy Operations Center
250kW / 1MW Battery Storage
3.2MW Landfill Gas Energy Plant
356kW Thin-Film PV Roof Systems
511Kw & 435kW PV Carports
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Marine Corps Air Station (MCAS) Miramar Power Plant and MicrogridState-of-the-art energy system operated out of the air station’s Energy and Water Operation Center (EWOC). This advanced DoD microgrid is the first of its kind to:
• Successfully integrate a separate landfill power generation system into the microgrid, a feat not previously achieved, powering the entire installation
• Operated in fully automated mode when microgrid power where restored to the critical loads automatically by the microgrid Power Control System (PCS) software after a simulated utility power outage.
• Operated in economic mode when the microgrid manages the landfill power, PV and plant generation assets to provide most economic power sources.
"Our microgrid delivers capabilities that will make MCAS Miramar one of the most energy-forward defense installations in the nation,” said Col. Charles B. Dockery, commanding officer, MCAS Miramar.
Q&ALarry Almaleh: [email protected]
Doug Mackenzie: [email protected] | Dustin Rogge: [email protected]
Jason Thomas: [email protected]
