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MicroelectronicsFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Microelectronicsis a subfield of electronics. As the name
suggests, microelectronics relates to the study
and manufacture (or microfabrication) of very small electronic
designs and components. Usually, but not
always, this means micrometre-scale or smaller. These devices
are typically made from semiconductor
materials. Many components of normal electronic design are
available in a microelectronic equivalent.
These include transistors, capacitors, inductors, resistors,
diodes and (naturally) insulators and
conductors can all be found in microelectronic devices. Unique
wiring techniques such as wire bonding
are also often used in microelectronics because of theunusually
small size of the components, leads and
pads. This technique requires specialized equipment and is
expensive.
Digital integrated circuits (ICs) consist mostly of transistors.
Analog circuits commonly contain resistors
and capacitors as well. Inductors are used in some high
frequency analog circuits, but tend to occupy
large chip area if used at low frequencies; gyrators can replace
them in many applications.
As techniques improve, thescale of microelectronic components
continues to decrease. At smaller
scales, the relative impact of intrinsic circuit properties such
as interconnections may become more
significant. These are called parasitic effects, and the goal of
the microelectronics design engineer is to
find waysto compensate for or to minimize these effects, while
always delivering smaller, faster, and
cheaper devices.
See also
Analog circuit
Digital circuit
Electrical engineering
Kelvin probe force microscope
Macroelectronics
Microscale chemistry
Micromasonry
Nanoelectronics
References
Veendrick, H.J.M. (2011).Bits on Chips. p. 253. ISBN
978-1-61627-947-9.
http://openlibrary.org/works/OL15759799W/Bits_on_Chips/
External links
Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?
title=Microelectronics&oldid=582720487"
Categories: Electronics
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