Microcontroller based Brilliant Head protector utilizing

GSM &GPRS

Thiagarajan Y¹, Manivannan R¹, Gabriel Gomes de Oliveira², Yuzo Iano², Kuraldasan T² and

,Lokaraj A²

¹Sri Venkateshwaraa college of engineering and Technology, Puducherry, India

thiagu2517@gmail.com

²State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil

Abstract-The possibility of building up this proposed model originates from social duty towards the general public. The absence of quick Medical aid and Crisis therapeutic administrations amid mishap is the prime reason for death in a more significant part of instances of mishaps. One of the principle explanations behind this might be the late landing of an emergency vehicle, no individual at the spot of mishap to give data to the emergency vehicle. This idea of taking the obligation of society brought about our proposed model "Microcontroller based brilliant head protector utilizing GSM and GPRS." The point of this proposed model structure is to educate the dependable people at the most punctual about the mishap with the goal that they can take normal activities to spare the life of the harmed individual. Our proposed framework comprises of Arduino as Microcontroller, GSM for calling reason, GPRS for the following reason and principally Sensors to identify the mishap. Our proposed framework distinguishes the mishap and sends an instant message alongside a voice message inside a moment to the enrolled number.

Keywords - Arduino, Smart helmet, GSM, GPRS, Microcontroller

1. INTRODUCTION

India has the highest number of street mishap passing in the world, according to a WHO

report. As per an overview of India, around 698 accidents were happening because of

bicycle crashes every year [2]. The purposes behind the mishaps might be some such as

speeding, smashed driving, rash driving, structure absconds, rash driving, and so forth [3].

Sometimes, the individual harmed in Mishap may not be straightforwardly in charge of the

mishap, it might be the blame of some other rider, however toward the day's end it's both

the drivers associated with the mishaps which are going to endure. On the off chance that

mishap is one reason, at that point, another purpose behind passings is the absence of quick

Emergency treatment and Crisis Therapeutic Administrations [4]. As indicated by a similar

review about a large portion of the harmed individuals bite the dust because of the absence

of treatment in legitimate time, the late landing of the emergency vehicle, no individual at

the spot of mishap to give data to the emergency vehicle [5]. This is what the running

circumstance in our everyday life, an idea of discovering a few answers for this issue think

of this thought of giving the data about mishap as quickly as time permits and in TIME....!!!!

Since after untouched issues a great deal, if everything is done in time, at any rate, we can

spare a large portion of the lives that are lost because of bicycle mishaps. Along these lines,

this idea of assuming liability of society came to our framework "Microcontroller based

shrewd head protector utilizing GSM and GPRS." In India, more significant part of

individuals leans toward bikes as contrasted with other types of the vehicle because of

straightforwardness and low cost. There is extensive dismalness and mortality because of

two-wheeler street auto collisions. Riders are at the danger of enduring an awful cerebrum

damage if they are in a mishap. Henceforth Protective caps are of significant significance

to stay away from passings due to extreme head wounds. So to maintain a strategic distance

from mishaps and energize individuals to wear cap, proposed plan is to be presented that

incorporates,

1. Microcontroller (Arduino) 2. GSM

3. GPRS 4. Sensors

So here proposed system require Arduino (ATmega328)microcontroller, different

sensors used to detect an accident, interfacing of GSM technology (Arduino GSM Shield)

to give information by sending message and also include GPRS location in the message

which is sending to registered number will have perfect location about where and when the

accident occurred.

As Figure 1 gives the clear thought of what the framework point is, what the framework

need to do is, what is the essential objective of the framework.

As Figure 2 appears, The square chart of the framework which comprises;

1. The rider wearies IR (Infrared) sensor used to distinguish a protective cap or not.

2. Vibration sensor used to distinguish vibrations of the protective cap at the point when

mishap happen.

3. Tilt sensor used to gauge flat tilting position of head protector.

4. NC (Ordinarily Associated) sensor used to guarantee that the head protector was

associated with a bicycle or not.

5. GPRS to recognize the area of the mishap [10].

6. An instant message is sent through GSM organize.

7. What's more, the main part; Modules and different parts of the framework are midway

controlled utilizing a smaller scale controller Arduino (Atmega328).

The IR sensor is present in the head protector and guarantees that the rider is wearing a

cap or not? If indeed, at that point no issue; yet assuming no at that point is to send a flag

to Arduino and Arduino send a message containing data about the mishap and area of

mishap.

B. Vibration Sensor

The vibration sensors set in better places of the protective cap where the likelihood of

hitting is more. The vibration sensor is set in the head protector with the end goal that it

identifies vibrations of the protective cap. At the point when the rider crashes, the head

protector hits the ground, and the vibration sensor recognizes the vibrations that are made

when the head protector hits the ground and afterward the Arduino send a message

containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.

C. Tilt Sensor

The Tilt sensor set in the head protector and estimating even tilting position of the

protective cap. If the sensor gets progression, at that point, it sends a flag to Arduino and

communicate something specific containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.

D. NC (Normally Connected) Sensor

The NC sensor used to

guarantee that the head protector is associated with a bicycle or not. NC sensor put on a

bicycle along these lines, one end of it is associated with protective cap utilizing wire and

the second one with Arduino board. The opposite side of the two finishes of NC sensors are

associated together, if both ends are disengaged, at that point, it will send a flag to Arduino

and Arduino will send an SMS containing data about the mishap and area of mishap.

The Arduino GSM shield as appeared in figure 10. The Arduino GSM Shield chips away

at a 5V Working voltage which provided from the Arduino Board and the Association with

Arduino Uno on pins 2, 3 (Programming Sequential) and 7 (reset).

The most common version of Arduino is Arduino UNO. The Arduino Uno is a

microcontroller board based on the ATmega328. Interfacing with sensors, compact is easy.

It has 14 digital input/output pins. It contains everything needed to support the

microcontroller. We just have to directly connect it to a computer with a USB cable or

power it with an AC-to-DC adapter or battery to get started.

As we can see the flowchart of proposed system design in figure12, it shows that the

system starts with two-wheeler's lock "ON."As the lock is in ON condition, it will read the

status of all the four sensors (IR, Vibration, Tilt and NC sensor). In IR Sensor if it will detect

>10mV at IR receiver then it will know that rider has not worn Helmet (Yes signal), In

Vibration if it read the impact >5 threshold value it will know that helmet is deflected (Yes

signal); In Tilt if it detects continuity then it will know that helmet is horizontally tilted (Yes

signal); and In NC if path breaks then it will know that helmet is far away from the bike

(Yes signal).

In these scenario if adder detect two or more than two sensor’s yes signal; then it will

give active signal to Arduino Atmega328 controller which will perform the assigned work

that it has to track the GPRS location data of vehicle immediately; Send text message and

voice message to registered number (Ambulance, Police Station, Family members).

Until adder detect two or more than two sensor’s yes signal; it will merely read the all

sensors output. And also until the text message and voice message sent, it will continuously

track helmet’s GPRS location data which enhances system accuracy.

IV. OUTCOMES

Figure : 14 Hardware setup

Figure : 14 Hardware setup

Figure : 13, 14, and 15 shows the hardware implementations for the proposed design.

Figure: 16 and 17 shows the text and voice message outcome of the proposed system

V. CONCLUSION

This proposed system includes these features – High accuracy, Cost efficient, giving

information about accident within a minute, Facilities to call ambulance automatically at

the time of the accident with greater efficiency. This proposed system is useful for the

accident occurring in the rural area where no facilities to help like police, crowd, and

ambulance."Without proper action at a proper time, danger awaits us with a bigger face."

We must act on time when a person is injured. We need to understand how precious the

lives of people are and what importance first-aid carries in saving these precious lives.

REFERENCES

[1] Hartwell, Peter G., and James A. Brug. "Smart helmet." U.S. Patent No.6,798,392. 28 Sep. 2004.

[2] Hertz, Cecilia. "System for detecting an accident." U.S. Patent No. 8,232,881. 31 Jul. 2012.

[3] Spector, Donald. "Combined safety helmet and PA system." U.S. Patent No. 6,015,160. 18 Jan.

2000.

[4] Parada, Rita, et al. "Helmet-based navigation notifications." U.S. Patent No. 9,146,124. 29 Sep.

2015.

[5] Kenleigh C. Hobby, Brendan Gowing, P. Matt. ‘Smart helmet,' US Patent (US 2013/0215281 A1),

Aug 22 2013.

[6] Mitchell D. Garfinkel, Phil Bart,‘Safety Helmet with Directional and Break Signal Having

AM/FM and Two Way Communication Capability,' US patent (6,157,298), Dec 5, 2000.

[7] Damien Labonde, ‘Motor Vehicle Security System,' US Patent(5,682,135), Oct. 28, 1997.

[8] Gary F. Jablonski, Henry J. Ewald, ‘Remote Controlled Security System’, US Patent (5,554,977),

Sep. 10, 1996.

[9] Ray Fast, ’Global Security System’, US Patent (5,497,149), Mar. 5, 1996.

[10] John P. Mansell, William M. Riley,’ Vehicle Tracking And Security System’, US Patent

(5,223,844), Jun. 29, 1993.

[11] Frank Kleefeldt, Brackmann, Peter Bartel, ’Security System For A Motor Vehicle’ ,US Patent

(4,837,567), Jun.6, 1989.

[12] Rasli, Mohd Khairul Afiq Mohd, Nina Korlina Madzhi, and JulianaJohari. "Smart helmet with

sensors for accident prevention." Electrical,Electronics and System Engineering (ICEESE), 2013

International Conference, IEEE, 2013.

[13] M. Mohamad Nizam Mustafa, “overview of current road Safety situation in malaysia,” Highway

Planning Unit Road Safety Section Ministry of Works, 2010

[14] Kagami, S.; Takahashi, Y.; Nishiwaki, K.; Mochimaru, M.; Mizoguchi, H.; "High-speed matrix

pressure sensor for the humanoid robot by using thin force sensing resistance rubber sheet,"

Sensors, 2004. Proceedings of IEEE, vol., no., pp. 1534- 1537 vol.3, 24-27 Oct. 2004

[15] Jianyun Ni; Jing Luo; "Microcontroller-based engineering education innovation," Educational

and Information Technology (ICEIT), 2010 International Conference on, vol.3, no., pp.V3-109-

V3-112, 17-19 Sept.2010

[16] Patil, Sagar, et al. "Smart motorcycle security system." Emerging Trends in Engineering,

Technology, and Science (ICETETS), International Conference on. IEEE, 2016.

[17] Chen Qiang, Sun Ji-Ping, Zhang Zhe, Zhang Fan, ‘ZigBee based intelligent helmet for coal

miners,' World Congress on Computer Science And Information Technology, 2009.

[18] Kamarudin Ambak, Riza Atiq, Rozmi Ismail,‘Intelligent Transport System for Motor Cycle

Safety and Issues’ European Journal of Scientific Research Vol. 28 No. 4, 2009.

[19] Cristiano Spelta, Vincenzo Mangoni, Andrea Corti, Andrea Goggi and Sergio Matteo Sarvaresi,

‘Smartphone based vehicle to driver/environment interaction system for motorcycles,' IEEE,

Vol. 2 No. 2, June 2010.

[20] Ferreira, L.; Matos, E.L.; Menendez, L.M.; Mandado, E., "MILES: A Microcontroller Learning

System combining Hardware and Software tools," Frontiers in Education, 2005. FIE '05.

Proceedings 35th Annual Conference, vol., no., pp.F4E, 19-22 Oct.

2005