2 parts Part 1

1- Which of the following types of microscopy is most useful for viewing the internal structures of unstained specimens?

a- Electronb- Confocalc- Phase-contrastd- Fluorescence2-A simple stain

a-differentiates one bacterial group from another. b-allows visualization of bacterial motility. c-see bacteria morphology only. d-requires one stain and one decolorizing agent. e-requires multiple staining steps. 3-In the Gram stain, if the decolorizing step is deleted, gram-negative cells will appear:a-blue b-pink c-green d-purple 4-Which is common to the Gram stain and acid-fast stain?a-Fixation of the smear prior to staining.b-Use of methylene blue as a counterstain. c-Use of acid alcohol for decolorizing. d-Use of steam for stain penetration. e-Use of iodine as a mordant.5- Place the structures of the compound light microscope in the order that light passes through them on the way to the observer's eyes: (1) condenser, (2) ocular lens, (3) illuminator, (4) specimen, (5) objective lensa- 3-4-1-5-2b-3-1-4-5-2c-3-1-5-4-2d-2-1-4-3-5

6-In the decolorizing step of the Gram stain, which reagent is used?a-malachite greenB-crystal violetc-iodined-alcohol

7-In the decolorizing step of the acid-fast stain, which reagent is used?

a-acid-alcoholb-alcohol-acetone

c-carbol fuchsind-methylene blue

8-The purpose of the counterstain in the Gram stain is to:a-decolorize gram-positive cells.b-make gram-negative cells visible.c-gram-positive cells visible.d-decolorize gram-negative cells.

9-A decolorizer is used to:a-selectively remove stain from cells.b-stain gram-negative cells.c-clean off excess stain.d-wash slides.

10-In a negative stain, gram-negative bacteria will be:a-colorless.b-red.c-blue.d-green.

11-Assume that you are looking at a 25 m plant cell magnified 100If you are using a 10x ocular lens, what is the magnifying power of

the objective lens?a-10b-1c-100d-1000

12- In serological test if Ag is particulate it is called:a- agglutinationb- Precepitationc- Toxin neutralizationd- Virus neutralization

13- diagnostic titre: > 1/ 80 is significant in: a- Widal test b- Brucella c- HCV d- Weil weilux

14- Titre is :a- highest dilution of the serum that give positive Ag Ab reactionb- highest dilution of the serum that give negative Ag Ab reactionc- lowest dilution of the serum that give positive Ag Ab reactiond- lowest dilution of the serum that give negative Ag Ab reaction

15- Which of the following is a serological test:a- Haemagllutinationb- Haemaglutination inhibitionc- Catalase testd- coagulase test

16- Direct Coomb s test detect:a- Rh Ab in the blood of neonateb- Rh Ab in the blood of motherc- Nond- a+b

17- Which of the following is an example for passive agglutination:a- Pregnanct testb- Widalc- ASOd-CRP

18- which of the following is an example for double diffusion:a- Pregnencyb- Shick testc- Elecks testd- Dick test

19- Which of the following is an example for in vitro toxin neutralization:a- Pregnanct testb- Widalc- ASOd-CRP

20- diagnosis of treponema pallidum mostly done by:a- ELISAb- Immunoflourescencec- RIAd- Diffusion test

21- all are precaution for the use of microscope except:

a- Oil immersion lenes is usedb- Drop of ceder wood oil is usedc- Condenser is high upd- Iris diaphragm is not opened

22- Spirochetes and cholera best seen by :a- LMb- Dark ground microscopec- EMd- Phase contrast microscope

23- Viruses are examined by: a- LMb- Dark ground microscopec- EMd- Phase contrast microscope

24- All the following are correct about gram stain except:a- Thick & complex peptidoglycan in G+ve bacteria retain the dye.b-Cytoplasm of G+ ve bacteria is strong acidic with -ve charge: c- cell wall permeability of G+ve bacteria are more than in G-ved- 1st step in gram stain is methyl violet

25- all are correct about hanging drop except:a- test bacterial motility b- Active motility : detect motile bacteriac- Passive motility: on adding specific antibodies : not stop motilityd- oil lens is used

26- About anaerobic jar: a- methylene blue indicator is used as it is colorless and in presence of O2 →blue color

b- Used for growing of aerobic organisms as clostridium c- contains reducing substances e.g haematin and glutathione d- contains sodium thioglycolate

27- About ZN all are correct except:a- Concentrated carbol fucshcin is uesd b- Methylene blue is usedc- film should not be reported as negative unless examined for 2 minutes.d- If the result is negative; it is necessary to repeat examination of the sputum

28- Alkaline peptone water is used for growth of :

a- Vibrio cholerab- Paeudomonasc- Staphd- Strept

29- Culture of anaerobic organisms done in :a- Nutrient agar deepb- Nutrient agar Slopec- Nutrient agar plated- Blood agar

30- Lofflers serum used for culture:a- Dipheteriab- Haemophilusc- Neiserriad- TB

31- about TCBS all are correct except:a- composed of :Thiosulphate - citrate & sucrose + Thymol blue indicatorb- used for culture of V cholerac- green media d- used for culture of staph

32- Hot air oven temp:a- 180 for secondsb- 160 C for 2 hour c- 210 for 1 hourd- 120 for 2 hour

33- Pasteurization of milk by:a- 63 C for 30 min and rapid coolingb- 1 hour at 56C for 7 successive daysc- in special water bath, "vaccine bath" at 60 C for 60 mind- autoclave

34- Heart lung machines sterilized by:a- Ethylene oxideb- Ozonec- chlorined- Alcohol

35- all are correct about sample collection except:

a- Adequate quantity.b- Represent the infectious process .c- Contamination must be avoided by using aseptic precautions.d. container should not be labelled

36-Tyndallization at 100 °C used for sterilization of all the following except: a-Gelatin media. b-Sugar media .c-Litmus milk mediad-Blood agar plate

37- Temperature of autoclave: a- 125 C b- 121 c- 160 d- 180

38- Cellulose membrane filter:a- Made of cellulose acetate pores of 8mm to 0.01mm, b- the filter is sterilized in autoclave, 121°C for 35-45

minutes. e-The membrane can not be fitted in metal

or glass holder. f-The retained bacteria can be cultured by

placing the filter in contact with culture media "quantitative technique"

39- About Ultraviolet radiation all are correct except: a- It is produced by mercury lamp.b- Sterilization of plastic syringe. c- Sterilization of inoculation chamber for viruses. d- Sterilization of water.

40- all about Ethylene oxide are correct except :a- Lethal only to vegetative bacteria and viruses.

b- It has more rapid diffusion into dry and porous materials. c- Used for sterilization of articles liable to be damaged by heat as

plastic, rubber, blankets, pharmaceutical products, and heart-lung machines

d- Gas in nature

41- coxackivirus is inoculated in:

a- guine pigb- suckling micec- ratd- flea

42- Source of complement in wasserman test:a- guine pigb- suckling micec- ratd- flea

43- Indicator system: Consists ofa- sheep RBCs and its specific antibodies b- complementc- Serumd- Cardiolipin

44- about Coagulase test all are correct except:

a- The test is used to differentiate Staphylococcus aureus that produce the enzyme coagulase, from non coagulase producing bacteria such as S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus.b- Coagulase causes plasma to clot by converting fibrinogen to fibrin.c- Two types of coagulase are produced by most of Staph aureus d- Free coagulase is detected with slide test.

45- Dnase agar differentiate:a- Staph from streptb- Staph aureus from other staphc- Dipheteria from clostridumd- Neisseria from dipheteria

46- which of the following organisms is resistance to Novobiocin:

a- Staph aureus

b- Staph epidermidis

c- Staph saprophyticus

d- non

47 - which of the following organisms is sensitive to bacitracin:

a- Strept pyogenes

b- Strept agalactiae

c-Strept faecalis

d- Non

48- all about Strept pyogenes correct except::a- are facultative anaerobes. b- grow in normal atmospheric CO2 concentration, but 10% CO2 enhance growth . Optimum temperature37 °C.c- grow on ordinary mediad- Colonies are small (pin point) and translucent

49- Schultz Charlton reactiona- Is a neutralization test in vitro .a- Intradermal injection of the anti–erythrogenic toxin in

the erythematous area of skin rash will lead to fading of the rash within 6-12 hours in positive cases

b- Used in diagnosis of chickenpoxc- Used in diagnosis of small pox

50- Strept pneumoniae have: a- Negative fermentation of inulin, b- bile insolubility, resistance to optochin c- alpha haemplysisd- Capsular swelling reaction

51- Nocardia species stained with: a-Modified kinyoun acid fast stain b- Wright's stain and Giemsa stain c- Periodic acid Schiff d-Gomori's methanamine silver stain52- Capsule of cryptococcus stained by:

a- India inkb- Wright's stain and Giemsa stain

c- Periodic acid Schiff d-Gomori's methanamine silver stain

53- About Weil-Felix test which one is correct: a- Proteus OX19, OX2 or OXK antigens are used as antigen for detection of rickettsial antibodies b- specific and sensitive.

c- Proteus strains have etiological role in rickettsial infections d- used in diagnsis of typhoid

54- about rickettsia which one is incorrect:a- cause typhus diseaseb- by Machiavelli stain organisms are bright red against the blue

background of the tissue. c- by Castaneda stain blue organisms against a red background.

d- by Giemsa stain red organisms

55- About widal test all are correct except: a-In Egypt, titers below 1/80 are of no significance due to previous

subclinical infection. B-Agglutination of O suspension indicates old infection.c-If the test was done during the first week, it gives false negative results.d-Non-enteric infections may cause a non-specific rise on antibody titer, (anamnestic reaction).

56- All about campylobacter are correct except: a- wet smear stool: darting motility (seagull” or “comma”) organisms b- is microaerophilic c- The optimal temperature for growth is 37°C

d- C jejuni: Is an important cause of diarrhea, in children & young adults

57- All correct about V.cholera except: a- is comma shaped Gram-negative rods motile by single polar flagellum ,

( darting motility) b- ferments glucose, maltose, mannite and sucrose with production of acid

only. c- Gives a positive cholera-red reaction d- oxidase negative

58- Urea breath test is diagnostic to:a- V cholerab- Campylobacterc- Helicobacterd- Spirochetes

59- Drum stick appearance is characteristic to: a- Clostridum tetani b- Clostridium welchi c- Clos botulinum

d- Clost difficle

60- All are correct about candida except:a- The colony appears as a rounded white creamy in colour and creamy in texture.b- Film stained by lactophenol blue show budding yeast and filaments (pseudo-mycelium).c-If stained by Gram stain appear Gram positive.d- Germ tube test : culture of the yeast on serum causes rapid formation of yeast when incubated at room temp for 4 hours.

C1.C2.A3.A4.B5.D6.A7.B8.A9.B10.A11.B12.A13.A14.B15.A16.A17.C18.C19.B20.D21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.C27.A28.A29.A30.D31.B32.A33.A34.D35.D36.

B37.C38.D39.A40.B41.A42.A43.D44.B45.C46.A47.C48.B49.D50.A51.A52.A53.D54.b55.c56.d57.c58.a59.d60.