Upload
amos-phillips
View
223
Download
5
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
MICROBIOLOGY OF MILK
FAKULTAS PETERNAKAN BRAWIJAYAUNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
MALANG2012
Make Microba Can Grow Well Make Microba Can Grow Well
Unsteril udder => 500 microba cell/ml milk
Sick cattle => 20.000 microba cell/ml milk
PREFACERICH
NUTRIEN OF MILK
(Rahimah, 2011)
Microba in Raw Milk
RAW MILK
MicrococcusMicrococcus
Staphylococcus Staphylococcus
Lactic Acid Cocci Lactic Acid Cocci
Counts ussualy < 103/ml
PREFACEPREFACE
Microba in Mastitis Milk
Staphylococcus aureusStaphylococcus aureusStreptococcus agalactiaeStreptococcus agalactiae
PseudomonasPseudomonasColiformsColiforms
Other streptococciOther streptococci
Enviromental Mastitis
Contagious Mastitis
Counts ussualy > 103/ml
PREFACEPREFACE
MILK FROM COW WITH MASTITIS
Sources of Microorganisms
Sources of microorganisms in Milk
Cow surfaces (hides, udders)
Organisms from feces, soil, feed, waterOrganisms from feces, soil, feed, water
Few microorganisms in the teatFew microorganisms in the teat
Uncleaned equipment and utensils
PREFACEPREFACE
Main-Topic about
Kind of Microbe Contaminants
Raw Milk after milking (Temp: 10 – 37 o C) :
Forming acidForming acidStreptococcus lactis
Streptococcus lactis
Raw Milk after milking (Temp: 37 – 50 o C) :
S. thermophillus dan S. faecalis
S. thermophillus dan S. faecalis Produce acid 1 % Produce acid 1 %
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Lactobacillus bulgaricus
Hight AcidHight Acid
Kind of Mikroba Contaminants
Temp > 50 o C
Example : L. termophillus.Example : L. termophillus.Termofilik bacteri Termofilik bacteri
Kind of Mikroba Contaminants
Microorganisms in milk break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats that trigger decay (sour milk).Microorganisms in milk break down carbohydrates, proteins, and fats that trigger decay (sour milk).
Common microorganisms found in milk include lactic acid bacteria, or Lactobacillus, which triggers fermentation.
Common microorganisms found in milk include lactic acid bacteria, or Lactobacillus, which triggers fermentation.
Coliform bacteria that cause clotting and Micrococcus.Coliform bacteria that cause clotting and Micrococcus.
Kind of Mikroba Contaminants
Penicilium and Geotrichum fungus that causes milk.Penicilium and Geotrichum fungus that causes milk.
Clostridium and Serratia bacteria that cause stale.Clostridium and Serratia bacteria that cause stale.
Indication of damage milk
Lactose Lactate acid Kasein
Fermentation coagulation
Characteristic : condensed, ropy, gummy
Slimy
Salinization and clotting
Indication of damage milk
Clotting without salinization (sweet curding)
By Bacillus cereus
Break P-lipid in the Fatty membrane soThat fat will be separate to the surface
Indication of damage milk
There is a change of taste and aroma.
Visible clumping or separating.
Sweetened condensed milk is naturally going to change the color and viscosity.
Liquid milk, the color changes.
To Avoid Contaminant
STEP PREVENTION AFTER MILKING:
To Avoid Contaminant of Microba in Milk
Do..!
STEP PREVENTION BEFORE MILKING:
STEP PREVENTION BEFORE MILKING:
PasteurizationPasteurization StorageStorage
STEP PREVENTION AFTER MILKING:
• • .
PasteurizationPasteurization
Pasteurization is a one of the actions that can be done to kill pathogenic bacteria.
Pasteurization is generally done at a temperature of 65 degres C for 30 - minutes
• .
Storage Storage Storage should be done at cold temperatures (4 degres C)
Container and must be fully enclosed, avoided sunlight to prevent the increase in milk which results in accelerating
the development of bacteria