Micom 631 Technical Manual

MiCOM P631/P632/P633/P634Transformer Differential ProtectionP631 P632 P633 P634 -301/302/303 -301/302/303 -301/302/303 -301/302/303 -401/402/403/404 -401/402/403/404 -401/402/403/404/405/406 -401/402/403/404 -301/602/603/605 -301/602/603/605 -301/602/603/605 -301/602/603/605

Technical ManualP63X/EN M/A43Contains : Technical Manual for Software Version -601 Software Update -602 Software Update -603 Software Update -605 P63X/EN M/C11 P63x/EN AD/B22 P63x/EN AD/C32 P63x/EN AD/A43

MiCOM P631/P632/P633/P634Transformer Differential ProtectionVersion -301 -401 -601

Technical ManualP63X/EN M/C11(AFSV.12.06661 EN)

WarningWhen electrical equipment is in operation, dangerous voltage will be present in certain parts of the equipment. Failure to observe warning notices, incorrect use, or improper use may endanger personnel and equipment and cause personal injury or physical damage. Before working in the terminal strip area, the device must be isolated. Where stranded conductors are used, wire end ferrules must be employed. Proper and safe operation of this device depends on appropriate shipping and handling, proper storage, installation and commissioning, and on careful operation, maintenance and servicing. For this reason only qualified personnel may work on or operate this device.

Qualified Personnelare individuals who o are familiar with the installation, commissioning, and operation of the device and of the system to which it is being connected; o are able to perform switching operations in accordance with safety engineering standards and are authorized to energize and de-energize equipment and to isolate, ground, and label it; o are trained in the care and use of safety apparatus in accordance with safety engineering standards; o are trained in emergency procedures (first aid).

NoteThe operating manual for this device gives instructions for its installation, commissioning, and operation. However, the manual cannot cover all conceivable circumstances or include detailed information on all topics. In the event of questions or specific problems, do not take any action without proper authorization. Contact the appropriate AREVA technical sales office and request the necessary information. Any agreements, commitments, and legal relationships and any obligations on the part of AREVA, including settlement of warranties, result solely from the applicable purchase contract, which is not affected by the contents of the operating manual.

Modifications After Going to Press

Contents

1 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.9.1 2.9.2 2.9.3 2.10 2.11 2.12

Application and Scope Technical Data Conformity General Data Tests Type Tests Routine Tests Climatic Conditions Inputs and Outputs Interfaces Information Output Settings Deviations Deviations of the Operate Values Deviations of the Timer Stages Deviations of Measured Data Acquisition Recording Functions Power supply Dimensioning of Current Transformers

1-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-4 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-8 2-9 2-10 2-11 2-12 2-13

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Contents(continued)

3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.7.1 3.7.2 3.8 3.9 3.9.1 3.9.2 3.9.3 3.10 3.11 3.11.1 3.11.2 3.11.3 3.11.4 3.11.5 3.11.6 3.11.7 3.11.8 3.11.9 3.11.10 3.11.11

Operation Modular Structure Operator-Machine Communication Configuration of the Measured Value Panels Serial Interfaces PC interface Communication interface Time synchronization via the IRIG-B interface Configuration and operating mode of the binary inputs Measured data input Direct current input Input for Connection of a Resistance Thermometer Configuration, operating mode and blocking of the output relays Measured data output BCD-coded measured data output Analog measured data output Output of external measured data Configuration and operating mode of the LED indicators Main functions of the P63x Conditioning of the measured variables Selection of the residual current to be monitored Operating data measurement Configuring and enabling the protection functions Activation of dynamic parameters Multiple blocking Blocked / faulty Starting signals and starting logic Time tag and clock synchronization Resetting mechanisms Test mode

(function group LOC) (function group PC) (function group COMM1) (function group IRIGB) (function group INP) (function group MEASI)

3-1 3-1 3-3 3-4 3-7 3-7 3-9 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-19 3-22 3-23 3-26 3-29 3-31 3-35 3-36 3-38 3-38 3-42 3-45 3-57 3-59 3-59 3-61 3-62 3-66 3-67 3-68

(function group OUTP) (function group MEASO)

(function group LED) (function group MAIN)

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

Contents(continued)

3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 3.21 3.22 3.23 3.24 3.25 3.26 3.27 3.28 3.29

Parameter subset selection Self-monitoring Operating data recording Monitoring signal recording Overload data acquisition Overload recording Fault data acquisition Fault recording Differential protection Ground differential protection (Br: Restricted earth fault protection) Definite-time overcurrent protection Inverse-time overcurrent protection Thermal overload protection Time-voltage protection Over-/ underfrequency protection Limit value monitoring Limit value monitoring 1 to 3 Programmable logic

(function group PSS) (function group SFMON) (function group OP_RC) (function group MT_RC) (function group OL_DA) (function group OL_RC) (function group FT_DA) (function group FT_RC) (function group DIFF) (function groups REF_1 to REF_3) (function groups DTOC1 to DTOC3) (function groups IDMT1 to IDMT3) (function groups THRM1 and THRM2) (function group V) (function group f) (function group LIMIT) (function groups LIM_1 to LIM_3) (function group LOGIC)

3-69 3-71 3-73 3-74 3-75 3-78 3-81 3-89 3-95 3-116 3-123 3-133 3-149 3-158 3-161 3-166 3-169 3-172

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Contents(continued)

4 4.1 4.2 5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.6.1 5.6.2 5.6.3 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5 6.5.6 6.5.7 6.5.8 6.5.9 7 7.1 7.1.1 7.1.2 7.1.3 7.1.3.1 7.1.3.2 7.1.3.3 8 8.1 8.1.1 8.1.1.1 8.1.1.2 8.1.1.3 8.1.2 8.1.3 8.2 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3

Design Designs Modules Installation and connection Unpacking and packing Checking the nominal data and the design type Location requirements Installation Protective grounding Connection Connecting the measuring and auxiliary circuits Connecting the IRIG-B interface Connecting the serial interfaces Local control panel Display and keypad Changing between display levels Illumination of the display Control at the Panel level Control at the menu tree level Navigation in the menu tree Switching between address mode and plain text mode Change-enabling function Changing parameters Setting a list parameter Memory readout Resetting Password-protected control actions Changing the password Settings Parameters Device identification Configuration parameters Function parameters Global General functions Parameter subsets Information and control functions Operation Cyclic values Measured operating data Physical state signals Logic state signals Control and testing Operating data recording Events Event counters Measured fault data Fault recording

4-1 4-2 4-8 5-1 5-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-14 5-15 5-15 5-18 5-18 6-1 6-2 6-6 6-7 6-7 6-8 6-8 6-9 6-10 6-13 6-14 6-15 6-19 6-20 6-21 7-1 7-1 7-2 7-6 7-30 7-30 7-33 7-46 8-1 8-1 8-1 8-1 8-10 8-15 8-30 8-32 8-33 8-33 8-34 8-37

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Contents(continued)

9 9.1 9.2 10 11 12 13 14 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4

Commissioning Safety instructions Commissioning tests Troubleshooting Maintenance Storage Accessories and spare parts Order information Order information for P631 in case 40T Order information for P632 in case 40T Order information for P633 in case 40T or 84T Order information for P634 in case 84T Appendix

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1 Application and Scope

1

Application and Scope

The P63x differential protection devices are designed for the fast and selective shortcircuit protection of transformers, motors and generators and of other two-, three- or fourwinding arrangements. Four models are available. The P631 and P632 are designed for the protection of two-winding arrangements, the P633 and P634 for the protection of three- or four-winding arrangements, respectively. Main functions The P63x differential protection devices have the following main functions:

Three-system differential protection for protected objects with up to four windings Amplitude and vector group matching Zero-sequence current filtering for each winding, may be deactivated Triple-slope tripping characteristic Inrush restraint with second harmonic, optionally with or without global effects; may be deactivated Overfluxing restraint with fifth harmonic component, may be deactivated Through-stabilization with saturation discriminator Ground differential protection (Am) ; (Br: Restricted earth fault protection) (This function is not available in the P631.) Definite-time overcurrent protection (three stages, phase-selective, separate measuring systems for phase currents, negative-sequence current and residual current) Inverse-time overcurrent protection (single-stage, phase-selective, separate measuring systems for phase currents, negative-sequence current and residual current) Thermal overload protection, choice of relative or absolute thermal replica Over-/ underfrequency protection Over-/ undervoltage protection (time-voltage protection) Limit value monitoring Programmable logic

The user can select all main functions individually for inclusion in the device configuration or cancel them as desired. By means of a straightforward configuration procedure, the user can adapt the device flexibly to the scope of protection required in each particular application. The units powerful, freely configurable logic also makes it possible to accommodate special applications.

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1 Application and Scope(continued)

Global functions In addition to the features listed above, the P63x models provide comprehensive selfmonitoring as well as the following global functions:

Parameter subset selection Operating data recording (time-tagged signal logging) Overload data acquisition Overload recording (time-tagged signal logging) Fault data acquisition Fault signal recording (time-tagged signal logging with fault value recording of the phase currents for each winding) Extended fault recording (fault recording of the neutral-point current for each winding as well as the voltage)

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The following function groups are provided in the P63x differential protection devices. For a detailed description of these function groups, see Chapter 3. P631 P632 P633 P634 COMM1: DIFF: DTOC1: DTOC2: DTOC3: DVICE: f: FT_DA: FT_RC: IDMT1: IDMT2: IDMT3: INP: IRIGB: LED: LIM_1: LIM_2: LIM_3: LIMIT: LOC: LOGIC: MAIN: MEASI: MEASO: MT_RC: OL_DA: OL_RC: OP_RC: OUTP: PC: PSS: REF_1: Communication link Differential protection Definite-time overcurrent protection 1 Definite-time overcurrent protection 2 Definite-time overcurrent protection 3 Device Over-/underfrequency protection Fault data acquisition Fault recording Inverse-time overcurrent protection 1 Inverse-time overcurrent protection 2 Inverse-time overcurrent protection 3 Binary inputs IRIG-B interface LED indicators Limit value monitoring 1 Limit value monitoring 2 Limit value monitoring 3 Limit value monitoring Local control panel Logic Main functions Measured data input Measured data output Monitoring signal recording Overload data acquisition Overload recording Operating data recording Binary outputs PC link Parameter subset selection Ground differential protection 1 (Am) ; (Br: Restricted earth fault protection 1) REF_2: Ground differential protection 2 REF_3: Ground differential protection 3 SFMON: Self-monitoring THRM1: Thermal overload protection 1 THRM2: Thermal overload protection 2 V: Time-voltage protection

-

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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Design The P63x is modular in design. The plug-in modules are housed in a robust aluminum case and electrically connected via one analog and one digital bus module. Inputs and outputs The P63x models have the following inputs/outputs: P631 Phase current inputs Inputs for residual or neutral current Voltage inputs Optical coupler inputs for binary signals (freely configurable function assignment) Additional optical coupler inputs (optional) Output relays (freely configurable function assignment) Analog input, 0 to 20 mA PT 100 input Analog output, 0 to 20 mA 6 4 P632 6 2 1 4 to 10 (per order) 24 8 to 22 (per order) 1 1 2 P633 9 3 1 4 to 16 (per order) 24 8 to 30 (per order) 1 1 2 P634 12 3 1 4 to 10 (per order) 24 8 to 22 (per order) 1 1 2

8 to 14 (per order) -

The nominal voltage range of the optical coupler inputs is 24 to 250 V DC without internal switching. The auxiliary voltage input for the power supply is also a wide-range design. The nominal voltage ranges are 48 to 250 V DC and 100 to 230 V AC. A 24 V DC version is also available. All output relays are suitable for both signals and commands. The optional PT 100 input is lead-compensated, balanced and linearized for PT-100 resistance thermometers per IEC 751. The optional 0 to 20 mA input provides open-circuit and overload monitoring, zero suppression defined by a setting, plus the option of linearizing the input variable via 20 adjustable interpolation points. Two freely selected measured variables (cyclically updated measured operating data, stored overload data and stored measured fault data) can be output as a loadindependent direct current via the two optional 0 to 20 mA outputs. The characteristics are defined via 3 adjustable interpolation points allowing a minimum output current (4 mA, for example) for receiver-side open-circuit monitoring, knee-point definition for fine scaling and a limitation to lower nominal currents (10 mA, for example). Where sufficient output relays are available, a freely selected measured variable can be output in BCDcoded form via contacts. Interfaces Local control and display: 1-4P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Local control panel with LCD display 17 LED indicators, 13 of which allow freely configurable function assignment PC interface Communication interface for connection to a substation control system (optional)

Information exchange is via the local control panel, the PC interface, or the optional communication interface. The communication interface complies with the international IEC 60870-5-103 standard or alternatively, with IEC 870-5-101, MODBUS or DNP 3.0. Using the communication interface, the P63x can be integrated with a substation control system.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

2 Technical Data

2 2.1 Notice

Technical Data Conformity

Applicable to P631/P632/P633/P634, version 301-401-601. Declaration of conformity (Per Article 10 of EC Directive 72/73/EC.) The products designated P631, P632, P633 and P634 Transformer Differential Protection Devices have been designed and manufactured in conformance with the European standards EN 60255-6 and EN 60010-1 and with the EMC Directive and the Low Voltage Directive issued by the Council of the European Community. 2.2 General device data Design Surface-mounted case suitable for wall installation or flush-mounted case for 19 cabinets and for control panels. Installation Position Vertical 30. Degree of Protection Per DIN VDE 0470 and EN 60529 or IEC 529. IP 52; IP 20 for rear connection space with flush-mounted case. Weight Case 40 T: approx. 7 kg Case 84 T: approx. 11 kg Dimensions and Connections See Dimensional Drawings (Chapter 4) and Terminal Connection Diagrams (Chapter 5). Terminals PC Interface (X6): DIN 41652 connector, type D-Sub, 9-pin. Communication Interface: Optical fibers (X7 and X8): F-SMA optical fiber connector per IEC 874-2 or DIN 47258 or BFOC (ST ) optical fiber connector 2.5 per IEC 874-10 or DIN 47254-1 (ST is a registered trademark of AT&T Lightguide Cable Connectors) M2 threaded terminal ends for wire cross-sections up to 1.5 mm2. BNC plug General Data

or Leads (X9 and X10): IRIG-B Interface (X11):

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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2 Technical Data(continued)

Current-Measuring Inputs: M5 threaded terminal ends, self-centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections 4 mm2. Other Inputs and Outputs: M3 threaded terminal ends, self-centering with wire protection for conductor cross sections from 0.2 to 2.5 mm2. Creepage Distances and Clearances Per EN 61010-1 and IEC 664-1. Pollution degree 3, working voltage 250 V, overvoltage category III, impulse test voltage 5 kV. 2.3 2.3.1 Type tests Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) Interference Suppression Per EN 55022 or IEC CISPR 22, Class A. 1 MHz Burst Disturbance Test Per IEC 255 Part 22-1 or IEC 60255-22-1, Class III. Common-mode test voltage: 2.5 kV Differential test voltage: 1.0 kV Test duration: > 2 s, source impedance: 200 Immunity to Electrostatic Discharge Per EN 60255-22-2 or IEC 60255-22-2, severity level 3. Contact discharge, single discharges: > 10 Holding time: > 5 s Test voltage: 6 kV Test generator: 50 to 100 M, 150 pF / 330 Immunity to Radiated Electromagnetic Energy Per EN 61000-4-3 and ENV 50204 , severity level 3. Antenna distance to tested device: > 1 m on all sides Test field strength, frequency band 80 to 1000 MHz: 10 V / m Test using AM: 1 kHz / 80 % Single test at 900 MHz AM 200 Hz / 100 % _______________________________________________________________

Tests Type Tests

All tests per EN 60255-6 or IEC 255-6.

For this EN, ENV or IEC standard, the DIN EN, DINV ENV or DIN IEC edition, respectively, was used in the test.

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Electrical Fast Transient or Burst Requirements Per EN 61000-4-4 or IEC 60255-22-4, severity levels 3 and 4. Rise time of one pulse: 5 ns, Impulse duration (50% value): 50 ns, Amplitude: 2 kV / 1 kV or 4 kV / 2 kV Burst duration: 15 ms, Burst period: 300 ms Burst frequency: 5 kHz or 2.5 kHz Source impedance: 50 Current/Voltage Surge Immunity Test Per EN 61000-4-5 or IEC 61000-4-5, insulation class 4. Testing of circuits for power supply and unsymmetrical or symmetrical lines. Open-circuit voltage, front time / time to half-value: 1.2 / 50 s Short-circuit current, front time / time to half-value: 8 / 20 s Amplitude: 4 / 2 kV, Pulse frequency: > 5 / min Source impedance: 12 / 42 Immunity to Conducted Disturbances Induced by Radio Frequency Fields Per EN 61000-4-6 or IEC 61000-4-6, severity level 3. Test voltage: 10 V Power Frequency Magnetic Field Immunity Per EN 61000-4-8 or IEC 61000-4-8, severity level 4. Frequency: 50 Hz Test field strength: 30 A / m Alternating Component (Ripple) in DC Auxiliary Energizing Quantity Per IEC 255-11. 12 % Insulation Voltage Test Per EN 61010-1 or IEC 255-5. 2 kV AC, 60 s Direct voltage (2.8 kV DC) must be used for the voltage test of the power supply inputs. The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test. Impulse Voltage Withstand Test Per IEC 255-5 Front time: 1.2 s Time to half-value: 50 s Peak value: 5 kV Source impedance: 500

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Mechanical robustness Vibration Test Per EN 60255-21-1 or IEC 255-21-1, test severity class 1. Frequency range in operation: 10 to 60 Hz, 0.035 mm, 60 to 150 Hz, 0.5 g Frequency range during transport: 10 to 150 Hz, 1 g Shock Response and Withstand Test, Bump Test Per EN 60255-21-2 or IEC 255-21-2, test severity class 1. Acceleration: 5 g / 15 g Pulse duration: 11 ms Seismic Test Per EN 60255-21-3 , test procedure A, class 1 Frequency range: 5 to 8 Hz, 3.5 mm / 1.5 mm, 8 to 35 Hz, 10 / 5 m/s2, 3 1 cycle 2.1.2 Routine Tests

All tests per EN 60255-6 or IEC 255-6. and DIN 57435 part 303 Voltage Test Per IEC 255-5. 2.5 kV AC, 1 s. Direct voltage (2.8 kV DC) must be used for the voltage test of the power supply inputs. The PC interface must not be subjected to the voltage test. Additional Thermal Test 100% controlled thermal endurance test, inputs loaded. 2.4 Environment Temperatures Recommended temperature range: -5C to +55C or +23F to +131F. Limit temperature range: -25C to +70C or -13F to +158F. Humidity 75 % relative humidity (annual mean), 56 days at 95 % relative humidity and 40C or 104F, condensation not permissible. Solar Radiation Direct solar radiation on the front of the device must be avoided. Climatic Conditions

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


2.5 Measurement inputs

Inputs and Outputs

Current Nominal current: 1 or 5 A AC (adjustable). Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.1 VA at Inom Load rating: continuous: 4 Inom for 10 s: 30 Inom for 1 s: 100 Inom Nominal surge current: 250 Inom Voltage Nominal voltage Vnom: 50 to 130 V AC (adjustable) Nominal consumption per phase: < 0.3 VA at Vnom = 130 V AC Load rating: continuous 150 V AC Frequency Nominal frequency fnom: 50 Hz and 60 Hz (adjustable) Frequency protection function: Operating range: 40 to 70 Hz All other protection functions: Operating range: 0.95 to 1.05 fnom. Binary signal inputs Nominal voltage Vin,nom: 24 to 250 V DC. Operating range: 0.8 to 1.1 Vin,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12 % Vin,nom Power consumption per input: Vin = 19 to 110 V DC: 0.5 W 30 %, Vin > 110 V DC: 5 mA 30 %. Direct current input Input current: 0 to 26 mA Value range: 0.00 to 1.20 IDC,nom (IDC,nom = 20 mA) Maximum permissible continuous current: 50 mA Maximum permissible input voltage: 17 V Input load: 100 Open-circuit monitoring: 0 to 10 mA (adjustable) Overload monitoring: > 24.8 mA Zero suppression: 0.000 to 0.200 IDC,nom (adjustable) Resistance thermometer Resistance thermometer: only PT 100 permitted, Mapping curve per IEC 751 . Value range: -40.0C to +215.0C (-40F to +419F) 3-wire configuration: max. 20 per conductor. Open and short-circuited input permitted Open-circuit monitoring: > +215C and < -40C ( > +419F and < -40F)

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Output relays Rated voltage: 250 V DC, 250 V AC Continuous current: 5 A Short-duration current: 30 A for 0.5 s Making capacity: 1000 W (VA) at L/R = 40 ms Breaking capacity: 0.2 A at 220 V DC and L/R = 40 ms 4 A at 230 V AC and cos = 0.4 BCD-coded measured data output Maximum numerical value that can be displayed: 399 Analog measured data output Value range: 0 to 20 mA Permissible load: 0 to 500 Maximum output voltage: 15 V 2.6 Local control panel Input or output: via seven keys and a LCD display of 4 x 20 characters State and fault signals: 17 LED indicators (4 permanently assigned, 13 freely configurable) PC interface Transmission rate: 300 to 115 200 baud (adjustable) Communication interface Settable communications protocols: Per IEC 60870-5-103, IEC 870-5-101, MODBUS and DNP 3.0 (user selection) Wire Leads Per RS 485 or RS 422, 2 kV isolation Distance to be bridged: Point-to-point connection: max. 1.200 m Multipoint connection: max. 100 m Module A 0336 426 A 9650 356 Transmission Rate 300 to 19,200 baud (adjustable) 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) Communication Protocol IEC 60870-5-103 adjustable Interfaces

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Plastic Fiber Connection Optical wavelength: typically 660 nm Optical output: min. 7.5 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. -20 dBm Optical input: max. -5 dBm 1) Distance to be bridged: max. 45 m Module A 0336 428 A 9650 355 Transmission Rate 300 to 38,400 baud (adjustable) 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) Communication Protocol IEC 60870-5-103 adjustable

Glass Fiber Connection G 50/125 Optical wavelength: typically 820 nm Optical output: min. -19.8 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. -24 dBm Optical input: max. -10 dBm 1) Distance to be bridged: max. 400 m Module A 9650 107 A 9650 354 Transmission Rate 300 to 38,400 baud (adjustable) 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) Communication Protocol IEC 60870-5-103 adjustable

Glass Fiber Connection G 62.5/125 Optical wavelength: typically 820 nm Optical output: min. -16 dBm Optical sensitivity: min. -24 dBm Optical input: max. -10 dBm 1) Distance to be bridged: max. 1400 m Module A 9650 107 A 9650 354 Transmission Rate 300 to 38,400 baud (adjustable) 300 to 64,000 baud (adjustable) Communication Protocol IEC 60870-5-103 adjustable

IRIG-B interface B122 format Amplitude-modulated 1 kHz carrier signal BCD time-of-year code

____________________________________________________________________1)

Distance to be bridged given identical optical outputs and inputs at both ends, a system reserve of 3 dB, and typical fiber attenuation.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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2.7

Information Output

Counters, measured data, signals and indications: see Address List 2.8 Typical characteristic data Main Function Minimum output pulse for a trip command: 0.1 to 10 s (adjustable) Differential Protection Operating time at Id = 10Idiff> with harmonic blocking disabled or at Id > Idiff>>>: min. 13 ms / typ. 15 ms Operating time at Id = 2.5Idiff> with harmonic blocking disabled: min. 19 ms / typ. 21 ms Operating time at Id = 2.5Idiff> with harmonic blocking enabled: min. 30 ms / typ. 33 ms Definite-Time and Inverse-Time Overcurrent Protection Operate time including output relay (measured variable from 0 to 2-fold operate value): 40 ms, approx. 30 ms Release time (measured variable from 2-fold operate value to 0): 40 ms, approx. 30 ms Disengaging ratio for starting: approx. 0.95 2.9 2.9.1 Definitions Reference Conditions Sinusoidal signals at nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambient temperature 20 C (68F), and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom. Deviation Deviation relative to the setting under reference conditions. Differential protection Measuring System Deviation for Idiff 0.2 Iref: 5 % Inrush Stabilization Deviation: 10 % Ground differential protection Measuring System Deviation for Idiff 0.2 Iref: 5 % Deviations Deviations of the Operate Values Settings

2-8

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Definite-time and inversetime overcurrent protection Deviation: 5 % Thermal overload protection Deviation: 5 % Frequency protection Deviation: 3 % Voltage protection Deviation: 3 % Direct current input Deviation: 1 % Resistance thermometer Deviation: 2 or 1 % Analog measured data output Deviation: 1 % Output residual ripple for max. load: 1 %

2.1.2 Definitions

Deviations of the Timer Stages

Reference Conditions Sinusoidal signals at nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambient temperature 20 C (68F), and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom. Deviation Deviation relative to the setting under reference conditions. Definite-time stages Deviation: 1 % + 20 to 80 ms Software version -603 and up: Deviation: 1 % + 20 to 40 ms Inverse-time stages Deviation for I 2 Iref: 5 % +10 to 25 ms For IEC characteristic extremely inverse: 7.5 % +10 to 20 ms Limit value monitoring stages Limit Value Monitoring is not a fast protection function and is intended to be used for signalling purposes. This function is processed about once a second only, hence it is not possible to make meaningful accuracy claims.

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2.9.3 Definitions

Deviations of Measured Data Acquisition

Reference Conditions Sinusoidal signals at nominal frequency fnom, total harmonic distortion 2 %, ambient temperature 20 C, and nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom. Deviation Deviation relative to the corresponding nominal value under reference conditions. Operating data measurement Measuring Input Currents Deviation: 1 % Measuring Input Voltage Deviation: 0.5 % Restraining and Differential Currents Formed Internally Deviation: 2 % Frequency Deviation: 10 mHz Direct Current of Measured Data Input and Output Deviation: 1 % Temperature Deviation: 2 C Fault data acquisition Short-Circuit Current and Voltage Deviation: 3 % Restraining and Differential Currents Deviation: 5 % Internal clock With free running internal clock: Deviation: < 1min/month With external synchronization (with a synchronization interval 1 min): Deviation: < 10 ms

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2.10 Recording Functions Organization of the Recording Memories Operating data memory Scope: Depth: Monitoring signal memory Scope: Depth: Overload memory Number: Scope: Depth: Fault memory Number: Scope: The 8 most recent faults Signals: All fault-relevant signals from a total of 1024 different logic state signals (see Address List: "Fault Memory") Fault Values: Sampled values for all measured currents and voltages Depth: Signals: 200 entries per fault Fault Values: max. number of periods per fault can be set by user; a total of 820 periods for all faults, i.e., 16.4 s (for fnom = 50 Hz) or 13.7 s (for fnom = 60 Hz) Resolution of the Recorded Data Signals Time resolution: Fault values Time resolution: Phase currents Dynamic range: Amplitude resolution: Voltages Dynamic range: Amplitude resolution: 150 V AC 9.2 mV r.m.s 33 Inom 2 mA r.m.s. for Inom = 1 A 10.1 mA r.m.s. for Inom = 5 A 20 sampled values per period 1 ms The 8 most recent overload events All signals relevant for an overload event from a total of 1024 different logic state signals (see Address List: "Overload Memory") 200 entries per overload event All signals relevant for self-monitoring from a total of 1024 different logic state signals (see Address List: "Monitoring Signal Memory") Up to 30 signals All operation-relevant signals from a total of 1024 different logic state signals (see Address List: "Operating Data Memory") The 100 most recent signals

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2.11 Power supply Power supply Nominal auxiliary voltage VA,nom: 24 V DC or 48 to 250 V DC and 100 to 230 V AC (per order) Operating range for direct voltage: 0.8 to 1.1 VA,nom with a residual ripple of up to 12 % VA,nom Operating range for alternating voltage: 0.9 to 1.1 VA,nom Nominal consumption where VA = 220 V DC and maximum module configuration For case Initial position approx.: 40 T 12.6 W 84 T 14.5 W 42.3 W

Active position approx.: 34.1 W

Start-up peak current: < 3 A for duration of 0.25 ms Stored energy time: 50 ms for interruption of VA 220 V DC

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2.12 Dimensioning of Current Transformers The following equation is used for dimensioning a current transformer to the offset maximum primary current:' Vsat = (R nom + R i ) n Inom R op + R i k I1,max

(

)

where: Vsat :' I1,max :

saturation voltage non-offset maximum primary current, converted to the secondary side rated secondary current rated overcurrent factor overdimensioning factor rated burdenactual connected operating burden internal burden

Inom : n: k: Rnom :R op : Ri :

The current transformer can then be dimensioned for the minimum required saturation voltage Vsat as follows:' Vsat R op + R i k I1,max

(

)

Alternatively, the current transformer can also be dimensioned for the minimum required rated overcurrent factor n by specifying a rated power Pnom as follows: n

(R nom

(R op + R i )

+ Ri )

k

' I1,max

Inom

=

(Pnom + Pi )

(Pop + Pi )

k

' I1,max

Inom

where2 Pnom = R nom Inom 2 Pop = R op Inom 2 Pi = R i Inom

Theoretically, the current transformer could be dimensioned for lack of saturation by inserting in the place of the required overdimensioning factor k its maximum: k max 1 + T1 where: : T1: system angular frequency system time constant

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2-13


However, this is not necessary. Instead, it is sufficient to dimension the overdimensioning factor k such that the normal behavior of the analyzed protective function is guaranteed under the given conditions. The transformer differential protection device is equipped with a saturation discriminator. This function will generate a stabilizing blocking signal if a differential current occurs as a consequence of transformer saturation with an external fault (in contrast to an internal fault). For the passing maximum fault current in the case of an external fault, overdimensioning is, therefore, obviated. For the maximum fault current with an internal fault, static saturation up to a maximum saturation factor fS of 4 is permissible. This corresponds to an overdimensioning factor k of 0.25. The implementation of these requirements is comparitively unproblematic as transformer differential protection would require overdimensioning in accordance with the total fault clearing time, that is including the total circuit-breaker-open time for an external fault. The current transformers should comply with the fault tolerance values of class 5P.

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3 Operation

3 3.1

Operation Modular Structure

The P63x, a numerical protection device, is one of the units of instrumentation in the MiCOM P 30 product range. The devices that are part of this range are built from identical uniform hardware modules. Figure 3-1 shows the basic hardware structure of the P63x.

3-1

Basic hardware structure

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3-1

3 Operation(continued)

The external analog and binary quantities electrically isolated are converted to the internal processing levels by the peripheral modules T, Y and X. Commands and signals generated by the device internally are transmitted to external destinations via floating contacts through the binary I/O modules X. The external auxiliary voltage is applied to the power supply module V which supplies the auxiliary voltages that are required internally. Analog data are always transferred from the transformer module T via the analog bus module B to the processor module P. The processor module contains all the elements necessary for the conversion of measured analog variables, including multiplexers and analog/digital converters. The analog data conditioned by the analog I/O module Y are transferred to the processor module P via the digital bus module. Binary signals are fed to the processor module by the binary I/O modules X via the digital bus module. The processor handles the processing of digitized measured variables and of binary signals, generates the protective trip and signals and transfers them to the binary I/O modules X via the digital bus module. Moreover, the entire device communication is handled by the processor module. As an option, communication module A can be mounted on the processor module to provide serial communication with substation control systems. The control and display elements of the integrated local control panel and the integrated PC interface are housed on control module L.

3-2

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3.2

Operator-Machine Communication

The following interfaces are available for the exchange of information between operator and device:

Integrated local control panel PC interface Communication interface

All setting parameters and signals as well as all measured variables and control functions are arranged within the branches of the menu tree following a scheme that is uniform throughout the device family. The main branches are: Parameters branch This branch carries all setting parameters, including the device identification data, the configuration parameters for adapting the device interfaces to the system, and the function parameters for adapting the device functions to the process. All values in this group are stored in non-volatile memory, which means that the values will be preserved even if the power supply fails. Operation branch This branch carries all information relevant for operation such as measured operating data and binary signal states. This information is updated periodically and consequently is not stored. In addition, various control parameters are grouped here, for example those for resetting counters, memories and displays. Events branch The third branch is reserved for the recording of events. Therefore all information contained in this group is stored. In particular, the start/end signals during a fault, the measured fault data, and the sampled fault records are stored here and can be read out at a later time.

Settings and signals are displayed either in plain text or as addresses, in accordance with the users choice. The appendix documents the settings and signals of the P63x in the form of an address list. This address list is complete and thus contains all settings, signals and measured variables used with the P63x. The configuration of the local control panel moreover allows the installation of Measured Value Panels on the LCD display. Different panels are automatically displayed for certain operation conditions of the system. Priority increases from normal operation to operation under overload conditions and finally to operation following a short-circuit in the system. The P63x thus provides the measured data relevant for the prevailing conditions.

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3-3


3.3

Configuration of the Measured Value Panels (Function Group LOC)

The P63x offers Measured Value Panels which display the measured values relevant at a given time. During normal power system operation, the Operation Panel is displayed. As an event occurs, the display switches to the appropriate Event Panel - provided that measured values have been selected for the Event Panels. In the event of overload event, the display will automatically switch to the Operation Panel at the end of the event. In the event of a fault, the Fault Panel remains active until the LED indicators or the fault memories are reset. Operation Panel The Operation Panel is displayed after the set return time has elapsed, provided that at least one measured value has been configured. From the measured operating data, values may be selected via an 'm out of n' parameter for display on the Operation Panel. If more measured values are selected for display than the LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values at intervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when the appropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-2

Operation Panel

3-4

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Fault panel The Fault Panel is displayed in place of another data panel when there is a fault, provided that at least one measured value has been configured. The Fault Panel remains on display until the LED indicators or the fault memories are reset. The user can select the measured fault values that will be displayed on the Fault Panel by setting an 'm out of n' parameter. If more measured values are selected for display than the LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values at intervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when the appropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-3

Fault panel

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3-5


Overload panel The Overload Panel is automatically displayed in place of another data panel when there is an overload, provided that at least one measured value has been configured. The Overload Panel remains on display until the overload ends, unless a fault occurs. In this case the display switches to the Fault Panel. The user can select the measured values that will be displayed on the Overload Panel by setting an 'm out of n' parameter. If more measured values are selected for display than the LC display can accommodate, then the display will switch to the next set of values at intervals defined by the setting at L O C : H o l d - t i m e f o r P a n e l s or when the appropriate key on the local control panel is pressed.

3-4

Overload Panel

3-6

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3.4

Serial Interfaces

The P63x has a PC interface as standard component. The communication interface is optional. Setting and readout is possible through both P63x interfaces. If tests are run on the P63x, the user is advised to activate the test mode so that the PC or the control system will evaluate all incoming signals accordingly (see General Functions). 3.4.1 PC Interface (Function Group PC)

Communication between the device P63x and a PC is through the PC interface. In order for data transfer between the P63x and the PC to function, several settings must be made in the P63x. The S&R-103 Operating Program is available as an accessory for P63x control (see the Chapter entitled Accessories).

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3-5

PC interface settings

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3.4.2

Communication Interface (Function Group COMM1)

Communication between the P63x and the control stations computer is through the communication interface. Depending on the design version of the communication module A (see Technical Data), several interface protocols are available. The protocol as per IEC 60870-5-103 is supported for all versions. The following user-selected interface protocols are available for use with the P63x:

IEC 60870-5-103, Transmission protocols - Companion standard for the informative interface of protection equipment, first edition, 1997-12 (corresponds to VDEW / ZVEI Recommendation, Protection communication companion standard 1, compatibility level 2, February 1995 edition) with additions covering control and monitoring IEC 870-5-101, Telecontrol equipment and systems - Part 5: Transmission protocols - Section 101 Companion standard for basic telecontrol tasks, first edition 1995-11 ILS-C, internal protocol of AREVA MODBUS DNP 3.0

In order for data transfer to function properly, several settings must be made in the P63x. The communication interface can be blocked through a binary signal input. In addition, a signal or measured-data block can also be imposed through a binary signal input.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN

3-9


3-6

Selecting the interface protocol

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3-7

Settings for the IEC 60870-5-103 interface protocol

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3-8

Settings for the IEC 870-5-101 interface protocol

3-12

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3-9

Settings for the ILS_C interface protocol

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3-13


3-10

Settings for the MODBUS protocol

3-14

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3-11

Settings for the DNP 3.0 protocol

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3-15


3.5 Time Synchronization via the IRIG-B Interface (Function Group IRIGB)

If, for example, a GPS receiver with IRIG-B connection is available, the internal clock of the P63x can be synchronized to run on GPS time using the optional IRIG-B interface. It should be noted that the IRIG-B signal holds information on the day only (day of the current year). Using this information and the year set at the P63x, the P63x calculates the current date (DD.MM.YY). Disabling or enabling the IRIG-B interface The IRIG-B interface can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel. Ready to synchronize If the IRIG-B interface is enabled and receiving a signal, the P63x checks the received signal for plausibility. Implausible signals are rejected by the P63x. If the P63x does not receive a correct signal in the long run, synchronization will not be ready any longer.

3-12

IRIG-B-interface

3-16

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3.6

Configuration and Operating Mode of the Binary Inputs (Function Group INP)

The P63x has optical coupler inputs for the processing of binary signals from the substation. The functions that will be activated by triggering these binary signal inputs are defined by the configuration of the binary signal inputs. The trigger signal must persist for at least 30 ms in order to be recognized by the P63x. Configuration of the binary inputs To each binary signal input, a function can be assigned by configuration. The same function can be assigned to several signal inputs. Thereby, a function can be activated from several control points with differing signal voltages. In this manual, we assume that the required functions (marked EXT in the address description) have been assigned to binary signal inputs by configuration. Operating mode of the binary inputs For each binary signal input, the operating mode can be defined by the user. The user can specify whether the presence (active high mode) or the absence (active low mode) of a voltage should be interpreted as the logic 1 signal. The display of the state of a binary signal input low or high is independent of the setting for the operating mode of the signal input.

3-13

Configuration and operating mode of the binary signal inputs

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3.7

Measured Data Input (Function Group MEASI)

The P63x has a measured data input function involving two inputs. Direct current is fed to the P63x through one of the inputs. The other input is designed for connection of a resistance thermometer. The input current IDC is displayed as a measured operating value. The current that is conditioned for monitoring purposes (IDClin) is also displayed as a measured operating value. In addition, it is monitored by the limit value monitoring function to detect whether it exceeds or falls below set thresholds (see Limit Value Monitoring). The measured temperature is also displayed as a measured operating value and monitored by the limit value monitoring function to detect whether it exceeds or falls below set thresholds (see Limit Value Monitoring). Disabling and enabling measured data input The measured data input function can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel.

3-14

Disabling and enabling the measured data input function

3-18

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06660 EN


3.7.1

Direct Current Input

External measuring transducers normally supply an output current of 0 to 20 mA that is directly proportional to the physical quantity being measured the temperature, for example. If the output current of the measuring transducer is directly proportional to the measured quantity only in certain ranges, linearization can be arranged - provided that the measured data input is set accordingly. Furthermore, it may be necessary for certain applications to limit the range being monitored or to monitor certain parts of the range that have a higher or lower sensitivity. By setting the value pair M E A S I : I D C x and M E A S I : I D C l i n x , the user specifies which input current (IDC) will correspond to the current that is monitored by the limit value monitoring function (IDC,lin). The points determined in this way, which are called interpolation points, are connected by straight lines in an IDC-IDClin diagram. In order to implement a simple characteristic, it is sufficient to specify two interpolation points, which are also used as limiting values (Figure 3-15). Up to 20 interpolation points are available for implementing a complex characteristic. When setting the characteristic the user must remember that only a monotone ascending curve is allowed. If the setting differs, the signal S F M O N : I n v a l i d s c a l i n g I D C will be generated.

IDClin / IDC,nom1.2 1.1

IDClin20

1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1

IDClin1

0 0 0.1 0.2 0.25 0.3 0.35 0.4 0.45 0.5 0.6

IDC / IDC,nom

IDC1

IDC20D5Z52KDA

3-15

Example of the conversion of 4-10 mA input current to 0-20 mA monitored current, IDClin

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IDClin / IDC,nom0.8

Interpolation points IDClin200.7

0.6

IDClin4

0.5

0.4

IDClin3

0.3

IDClin2 IDClin1

0.2

0.1

0 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 1.1 1.2

IDC1 Enable IDC p.u.

IDC2

IDC3

IDC4

IDC20

IDC / IDC,nomD5Z52KEA

3-16

Example of a characteristic having five interpolation points (characteristic with zero suppression setting of 0.1 IDC,nom is shown as a broken line)

Zero suppression Zero suppression is defined by setting M E A S I : E n a b l e I D C p . u . If the direct current does not exceed the set threshold, the per-unit input current IDC p.u. and the current IDClin will be displayed as having a value of 0. Open-circuit and overload monitoring The device is equipped with an open-circuit monitoring function. If current IDC falls below the set threshold, the signal M E A S I : O p e n c i r c . 2 0 m A i n p . is issued. The input current is monitored in order to protect the 20 mA input against overloading. If it exceeds the fixed threshold of 24.8 mA, the signal M E A S I : O v e r l o a d 2 0 m A i n p u t is issued.

3-20

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3-17

Analog direct current input

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Beyond the linearization described above, the user has the option of scaling the linearized values. Thereby negative values, for example, can be displayed as well and are available for further processing by protection functions.

3-18

Scaling of the linearized measured value

3.7.2

Input for Connection of a Resistance Thermometer

This input is designed for connection of a PT 100 resistance thermometer. The mapping curve R = f(T) of PT 100 resistance thermometers is defined in DIN IEC 751. If the PT 100 is connected using the 3-wire method, then no further calibration is required. Open-circuit monitoring If there is an open measuring circuit due to wire breakage, the signal M E A S I : P T 1 0 0 f a u l t y is generated.

3-19

Temperature measurement using resistance thermometer

3-22

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3.8

Configuration, Operating Mode and Blocking of the Output Relays (Function Group OUTP)

The P63x has output relays for the output of binary signals. The binary signals to be issued are defined by configuration. Configuration of the output relays One binary signal can be assigned to each output relay. The same binary signal can be assigned to several output relays by configuration. Operating mode of the output relays The user can set an operating mode for each output relay. The operating mode determines whether the output relay will operate in an energize-on-signal (ES) mode or normally-energized (NE) mode and whether it will operate in latching mode. Depending on the I/O module under consideration, the output relays have either make contacts, changeover contacts or both (see the Terminal Connection Diagrams in the Appendix). For relays with make contacts, the energize-on-signal (ES) mode corresponds to normally-open operation. The normally-energized (NE) mode means that the polarity of the driving signal is inverted, such that a logic "0" maintains the relay normally-closed. For relays with changeover contacts, these more common descriptions are not applicable. Latching is disabled manually from the local control panel or through an appropriately configured binary signal input either at the onset of a new fault or at the onset of a new system disturbance, depending on the operating mode selected. Blocking the output relays The P63x offers the option of blocking all output relays from the local control panel or by way of an appropriately configured binary signal input. The output relays are likewise blocked if the device is disabled via appropriately configured binary inputs. In these cases, the relays are treated in keeping with their set operating mode. Relays in normally-energized (NE) mode are triggered, those in energize-on-signal (ES) mode are not. This does not apply to relays with the signals SF MO N: W ar ning ( r elay) or MAIN: Bloc k ed/f aulty assigned to them. Thereby the blocking is signalled correctly. (The signal MAIN: Bloc k ed/f aulty is coupled to the activation of the LED labeled 'OUT OF SERVICE'.) If, on the other hand, the self-monitoring function detects a serious hardware fault (see Chapter 10 for signals leading to protection blocking), all output relays are reset irrespective of the set operating mode or signal assignment.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

3-23


3-20

Configuration, operating mode and blocking of the output relays

3-24

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Testing the output relays For testing purposes, the user can select an output relay and trigger it via the local control panel. Triggering persists while the set hold time is running.

3-21

Testing the output relays

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3-25


3.9

Measured Data Output (Function Group MEASO)

Output of the measured fault or ground fault data provided by the P63x can be in BCD-coded form through output relays or in analog form as direct current. Output as direct current can only occur if the device is equipped with analog I/O module Y. BCDcoded output, however, is possible, regardless of whether the device is equipped with analog I/O module Y or not. Disabling and enabling the measured data output function The measured data output function can be disabled or enabled from the local control panel.

3-22

Disabling and enabling the measured data output function

3-26

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Enabling measured data output Measured data output can be enabled through a binary signal input, provided that the function M E A S O : O u t p . e n a b l e d E X T has been configured. If the function M E A S O : O u t p . e n a b l e d E X T has not been configured for a binary signal input, then measured data output is always enabled.

3-23

Enabling measured data output

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Resetting the measured data output function BCD-coded or analog output of measured data is terminated while the hold time elapses if one of the following conditions is met:

The measured data output function is reset from the local control panel or through an appropriately configured binary signal input. There is a general reset. The LED indicators have been reset.

3-24

Resetting the measured data output function

3-28

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3.9.1

BCD-Coded Measured Data Output

The user can select a measured value for output in BCD-coded form through output relays. The selected measured value is output in BCD-coded form for the duration of the set hold time (M E A S O : H o l d t i m e o u t p u t B C D . If the selected variable was not measured, then there is no output of a measured value. Output of measured event values If the measured event value is updated while the hold time is elapsing, the measured value output memory is cleared and the hold time is re-started. This means that the updated value is immediately output. Output of measured operating values The measured operating value is output for the duration of the hold time. After the hold time has elapsed, the current value is saved and the hold time is re-started. If the hold time has been set to blocked, the measured operating value that has been output will be stored until the measured data output function is reset. Scaling The resolution for measured data output is defined by setting the scaling factor. The scaling factor should be selected so that the value 399 is not exceeded by the maximum measured value to be output. If this should occur, however, or if the measured value is outside the acceptable measuring range, then the value for Overflow (all relays triggered) is transmitted.

Mx,scal =

Mx,max scaling factor

where: Mx,scal : scaled measured value M x,max : maximum transmitted value for the selected measured value

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3-25

BCD-coded measured data output

3-30

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3.9.2

Analog Measured Data Output

Analog output of measured data is two-channel. The user can select two of the measured values available in the P63x for output in the form of load-independent direct current. Three interpolation points per channel can be defined for specific adjustments such as adjustment to the scaling of a measuring instrument. The direct current that is output is displayed as a measured operating value. The selected measured value is output as direct current for the duration of the set hold time (M E A S O : H o l d t i m e o u t p u t A - x ) . If the selected variable was not measured, then there is no output of a measured value.Output of measured event values

If the measured event value is updated while the hold time is elapsing, the measured value output memory is cleared and the hold time is re-started. This means that the updated value is immediately output.Output of measured operating values

The measured operating value is output for the duration of the hold time. After the hold time has elapsed, the current value is saved and the hold time is re-started. If the hold time has been set to blocked, the measured operating value that has been output will be stored until the measured data output function is reset.Configuration of output relays assigned to the output channels

The user must keep in mind that direct current output only occurs when the output relays assigned to the output channels are configured for M E A S O : V a l u e A - x o u t p u t , since otherwise the output channels remain short-circuited (see terminal connection diagrams).

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Scaling

The minimum and maximum values to be transmitted for the selected measured value and one additional value for the knee point must be scaled to the range limit value of the measured value. By setting the following parameters the user can obtain an analog output characteristic like the one shown in Figure 3-26.

MEASO: Scaled min. val. A-x MEASO: Scaled knee val. A-x MEASO: Scaled max. val. A-x MEASO: AnOut min. val. A-x MEASO: AnOut knee point A-x MEASO: AnOut max. val. A-x

The scaled values that need to be set can be calculated using the following formulas:Formulas Example

Key to the Formulas: Mx,RL : Mx,min : Range limit value of selected measured value Minimum value to be transmitted for selected measured value Mx,knee : Knee point value to be transmitted for selected measured value M x,max : Maximum value to be transmitted for selected measured value Mx,scal,min : M x,scal,knee : M x,scal,max : M x,scal,min = Scaled minimum value Scaled knee point value Scaled maximum value M x,min M x,RL

Let voltage V12 be selected as the measured value to be transmitted. Let the measuring range be 0 to 1.5 Vnom. When Vnom = 100 V, the range limit value in the assumed example is 150 V. Range to be transmitted: 0.02 to 1 Vnom = 2 to 100 V Knee point: 0.1 Vnom = 10 V

M x,scal,min =

2V = 0.013 150 V 10 V = 0.067 150 V 100 V = 0.67 150 V

M x,scal,knee = M x,scal,max =

M x,knee M x,RL M x,max M x,RL

M x,scal,knee = M x,scal,max =

3-32

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


By setting M E A S O : A n O u t m i n . v a l u e A - x , the user can specify the output current that will be output when values are smaller than or equal to the set minimum measured value to be transmitted. The setting at M E A S O : A n O u t m a x . v a l . A x defines the output current that is output for the maximum measured value to be transmitted. By defining the knee point, the user can obtain two characteristic curve sections with different slopes. When making this setting the user must keep in mind that only a monotone ascending or a monotone descending curve is allowed. If the wrong setting is entered, the signal S F M O N : I n v a l i d s c a l i n g A - x will be generated.Note:

After this setting, the new characteristics will be checked and implemented after enabling at MAIN: Protec tion enabled.

Ia / mA

Max. output value 18 Knee point 16 output value14 12 10 8

20

Min. output 4 value2 0 0 0.02 0.1 1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Vnom

6

0.013

0.067

0.667

Mx,scalD5Z52KFA

3-26

Example of a characteristic curve for analog output of measured data

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3-27

Analog measured data output

3-34

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3.9.3

Output of External Measured Data

Measured data from external devices, which must be scaled for 0-100%, can be written to the following parameters of the P63x by way of the communications interface:

MEASO: Output value 1 MEASO: Output value 2 MEASO: Output value 3

These "external" measured values are output by the P63x either in the form of BCDcoded data or as load-independent direct current, provided that the BCD-coded measured data output function or the channels of the analog measured data output function are configured accordingly.

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3.10 Configuration and Operating Mode of the LED Indicators (Function Group LED) The P63x has 17 LED indicators for the indication of binary signals. Five of the LED indicators are permanently assigned to functions. The other LED indicators are freely configurable. (However, LED indicator H4 has a default setting of G en. tr ip s ignal and is labeled "Trip".) Configuration of the LED indicators To each of the freely configurable LED indicators, a binary signal can be assigned. The same binary signal can be assigned to several LED indicators by configuration. Operating mode of the LED indicators The user can set an operating mode for each LED indicator with the exception of the first one - that determines whether the LED indicator operates in an energize-on-signal arrangement (open-circuit principle) or normally-energized arrangement (closed-circuit principle) and whether it operates in latching mode. Latching is disabled either manually from the local control panel or by an appropriately configured binary signal input (see Main Functions of the P63x), at the onset of a new fault or of a new system disturbance, depending on the operating mode selected.

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-28

Configuration and operating mode of the LED indicators

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3.11 Main Functions of the P63x (Function Group MAIN) 3.11.1 Conditioning of the Measured Variables The secondary phase currents of the system transformers are fed to the P63x. Furthermore, there is the option of connecting a measuring voltage. The measured variables are electrically isolated converted to normalized electronics levels. The analog quantities are digitized and are thus available for further processing. Depending on the design version, the P63x has the following measuring inputs: P631:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for two ends of the transformer

P632:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for two ends of the transformer Two current inputs for the measurement of the residual currents (see Figure 3-30) One voltage input

P633 and P634:

Current inputs (three phases) for the processing of measured variables for three (P633) or four (P634) ends of the transformer Current inputs for up to three neutral-point-to-ground connections (see Figure 3-29) or, alternatively, for looping into the ground connections of the phase current transformers or for connection to a Holmgreen group One voltage input

3-38

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-29

Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, connection of the fourth current transformer set to the transformers of the neutral-point-to-ground connections

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3-30 a

Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, looping of the fourth current transformer set into the ground connections of the phase current transformers, Part 1 of 2

3-40

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-30 b

Connection of the measured variables to the P63x, looping of the fourth current transformer set into the ground connections of the phase current transformers, Part 2 of 2

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3.11.2 Selection of the Residual Current to be Monitored For protection functions of the P632, P633 and P634 monitoring the residual current, the user can select whether the device is to use the current calculated from the three phase currents or the current measured at the fourth current transformer. Moreover, the P633 and P634 offer the option of forming the sum of the phase currents or of the residual currents for two ends of the transformer.

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3-31

Evaluation of residual current

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3-32

Summation of the phase currents or of the residual currentsP631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3.11.3 Operating Data Measurement The P63x has an operating data measurement function for the display of currents and voltages measured by the P63x during normal power system operation; quantities derived from these measured values are also displayed. For the display of measured values, set lower thresholds need to be exceeded. If these lower thresholds are not exceeded, the value not measured is displayed. The following measured variables are displayed:

Phase currents of all three phases of all four ends of the transformer Maximum phase current of each end of the transformer Minimum phase current of each end of the transformer Delayed and stored maximum phase current of each end of the transformer Current IN calculated by the P63x from the sum of the phase currents for each end of the transformer Current IY measured by the P63x at transformer -Tx4 (x: 1, 2 or 3) Phase currents of all three phases of the virtual end of the transformer. The virtual end is formed by adding the corresponding currents of two transformer ends selected by the user at MAIN: Cur r ent s um m ation. Maximum phase current of the virtual end of the transformer Minimum phase current of the virtual end of the transformer Current IN of the virtual end of the transformer Voltage Frequency Angle between the phase currents for a given end of the transformer Angle between the currents of the same phase between two ends of the transformer Angle between calculated IN and the current measured at transformer -Tx4 (x: 1, 2 or 3)

The measured data are updated at 1 s intervals. Updating is interrupted if a general starting state occurs or if the self-monitoring function detects a hardware fault.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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Measured current values The measured values for the current are displayed both as quantities referred to the nominal current of the P63x and as primary quantities. To allow a display in primary values, the primary nominal current of the transformers connected to the P63x needs to be set.

3-46

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3-33

Measured operating data for the phase currents, ends a to d

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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Delayed maximum phase current display The P63x offers the option of delayed display of the maximum value of the three phase currents. The delayed maximum phase current display is an exponential function of the maximum phase current IP,max (see upper curve in Figure 3-34). At M A I N : S e t t l . t . I P , m a x , d e l the user can set the time after which the delayed maximum phase current display will have reached 95 % of maximum phase current IP,max. The stored maximum phase current follows the delayed maximum phase current. If the value of the delayed maximum phase current is declining, then the highest value of the delayed maximum phase current remains stored. The display remains constant until the actual delayed maximum phase current exceeds the value of the stored maximum phase current (see middle curve in Figure 3-34). At M A I N : R e s e t I P , m a x , s t o r e d the user can set the stored maximum phase current to the actual value of the delayed maximum phase current (see lower curve in Figure 3-34).

Stored maximum phase current display

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-34

Operation of delayed and stored maximum phase current display

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-35

Measured operating data for the residual currents, ends a to c

3-50

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-36

Measured operating data for the residual currents, end d (P634 only)

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-37

Measured operating data for the phase currents and the residual current for the virtual end (formed by current summation, P633 and P634 only, see Figure 3-32)

3-52

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Measured voltage value The measured voltage value is displayed both as quantity referred to the nominal voltage of the P63x and as primary quantity. To allow a display in primary values, the primary nominal voltage of the transformer connected to the P63x needs to be set.

3-38

Measured voltage value

Frequency The P63x determines the frequency from the voltage. The voltage needs to exceed a minimum threshold of 0.65 Vnom in order for the frequency to be determined.

3-39

Frequency measurement

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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Angle determination The P63x determines the angle between the following currents if the associated currents exceed the lower threshold of 0.033 Inom:

Angle between the phase currents for each end of the transformer Angle between the currents of the same phase between two ends of the transformer Angle between the calculated residual current and the current measured at the transformer -Tx4 (x: 1, 2 or 3) for each end of the transformer

3-40

Determination of the angle between the phase currents

3-54

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3-41

Determination of the angle between the phase currents of the transformer ends

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-42

Determination of the angle between the calculated residual current and the current measured at transformer -Tx4

3-56

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3.11.4 Configuring and Enabling the Protection Functions By means of a straight-forward configuration procedure, the user can adapt the unit flexibly to the range of functions required in each particular high voltage substation. By including the relevant protection functions in the device configuration and canceling all others, the user creates an individual device appropriate to the application. Parameters, signals and measured values of canceled protection functions are not displayed on the local control panel. Functions of general applicability such as operating data recording (OP_RC) or main functions (MAIN) cannot be canceled. Canceling a protection function The following conditions have to be met before a protection function can be canceled:

The protection function must be disabled. None of the functions of the protection function to be canceled may be assigned to a binary input. None of the signals of the protection function may be assigned to a binary output or to an LED indicator.

If the above conditions are met, proceed through the Configuration Parameters branch of the menu tree to access the setting parameter relevant for the device function to be canceled. If you wish to cancel the LIMIT function group, for example, access the setting parameter L I M I T : F u n c t i o n g r o u p L I M I T and set its value to Without. Should you wish to re-include the function group in the device configuration, set the value to With. The assignment of a parameter, a signal or a measured value to a protection function is defined by a function group descriptor such as LIMIT. In the description of the protection functions later in this manual, the protection function being described is presumed to be included in the configuration. Disabling and enabling the protection function Protection functions that are included in the configuration may still be disabled via a function parameter or via binary signal inputs. Protection can only be disabled or enabled through binary signal inputs if the M A I N : D i s a b l e p r o t e c t . E X T and M A I N : E n a b l e p r o t e c t . E X T functions are both configured. When only one or neither of the two functions is configured, this is interpreted as Protection externally enabled. If the triggering signals of the binary signal inputs are implausible, as for example when they both have a logic value of 1, then the last plausible state remains stored in memory.

Note:

If the protection device is disabled via the binary signal input configured to MAIN: Dis able pr otec t. EX T there will be no MAIN: Bloc k ed/f aulty signal.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-43

Enabling or disabling protection

3-58

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3.11.5 Activation of Dynamic Parameters For several of the protection functions, it is possible to switch the duration of the set hold time to other settings - the "dynamic parameters" through an appropriately configured binary signal input. If the hold time is set to 0 s, the switching is effective while the binary signal input is being triggered.

3-44

Activation of dynamic parameters

3.11.6 Multiple Blocking Four multiple blockings may be defined via 'm out of n' parameters. The items available for selection are found in the Address List. Thereby the functions defined by the selection may be blocked via an appropriately configured binary signal input.

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-45

Multiple blocking

3-60

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3.11.7 Blocked / Faulty If the protective functions are blocked, this condition is signaled by a steady light from yellow LED indicator H 2 on the local control panel and also by a signal through the output relay configured for MAIN: Bloc k ed/f aulty. In addition, the user can select the functions that will produce the MAIN: Bloc k ed/f aulty signal by setting an m out of n parameter.

3-46

Blocked/faulty signal

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3.11.8 Starting Signals and Starting Logic Starting signals The trip signals of differential protection and ground differential protection (Br: Restricted earth fault protection) plus the general startings of the definite-time and inverse-time overcurrent protection are combined into one common general starting.

3-47

General starting of the P63x

3-62

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Counter of starting signals The starting signals are counted. The counter can be reset individually.

3-48

Counter of general starting signals

Trip command The P63x has four trip commands. The functions to effect a trip can be selected by setting an 'm out of n' parameter independently for each of the four trip commands. The minimum trip command time may be set. The trip signals are present only as long as the conditions for the signal are satisfied. Manual trip command A manual trip command may be issued via the local control panel or a signal input configured accordingly. It is not executed, however, unless the manual trip is included in the selection of possible functions to effect a trip. Latching of the trip commands For each of the four trip commands, the user can specify by way of the appropriate setting whether it will operate in latching mode. If the latching mode is selected, the trip command persists until it is reset from the local control panel or via an appropriately configured binary signal. Blocking of the trip commands The trip commands may be blocked via the integrated local control panel or via an appropriately configured binary signal input. The blocking is effective for all four trip commands. The trip signals are not affected by the blocking. If the trip commands are blocked this is indicated by a steady light at yellow LED indicator H 2 on the local control panel and by an output relay configured to Blocked/faulty. (To identify H2, see the dimensional drawings in the Chapter entitled Design.)

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN

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3-49

Formation of the trip commands

3-64

P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


Counter of trip commands The trip commands are counted. The counters can be reset either individually or as a group.

3-50

Counter of trip commands

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3.11.9 Time Tag and Clock Synchronization The data stored in the operating data memory, the monitoring signal memory and the event memories are date-and time-tagged. For correct tagging, date and time need to be set at the P63x. Via an appropriately configured binary signal input, the time of different devices may be synchronized by means of a pulse. The P63x evaluates the rising edge. This is used to set the clock to the next full minute, rounding either up or down. If several start/end signals occur (bouncing of a relay contact), the last edge is evaluated.

3-51

Date and time setting and clock synchronization

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P631-301-401-601 // P632-301-401-601 // P633-301-401-601 // P634-301-401-601 / AFSV.12.06661 EN


3.11.10 Resetting Mechanisms Stored data such as event logs, fault values etc, can be cleared in a number of ways. The following mechanisms are available:

Automatic resetting of the event signals indicated by LED indicators (provided that the LED operating mode has been set accordingly) and of the display of measured event data on the local control panel whenever a new event occurs. Resetting of LED indicators and measured event data on the local control panel by pressing the reset key (Clear key C) located on the panel Selective resetting of a particular memory type (only the fault memory, for example) from the local control panel or through appropriately configured binary signal inputs General reset

In the first two cases listed above only the displays on the local control panel are cleared but not the internal memories such as the fault memory. In the event of a cold restart, namely simultaneous failure of both internal battery and power supply, all stored signals and values will be lost.

3-52

General reset, LED reset and measured event data reset from the local control panel

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3.11.11 Test Mode If tests are run on the P63x, the user is advised to activate the test mode so that all incoming signals via the serial interfaces will be marked accordingly.

3-53

Setting the test mode

3-68

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3.12 Parameter Subset Selection (Function Group PSS) With the P63x, four independent parameter subsets may be pre-set. The user may switch between parameter subsets during operation without interrupting the protection function. Selecting the parameter subset The control path determining the active parameter subset (function parameter or external signal input) may be selected via the function parameter P S S : C o n t r o l v i a U S E R or via the external signal P S S : C o n t r o l v i a u s e r E X T . Correspondingly, the parameter subset is selected either in accordance with the pre-set function parameter P S S : P a r a m . s u b s . s e l . U S E R or in accordance with external signals. The parameter subset actually active at a particular time may be determined by scanning the logic state signals P S S : A c t u a l p a r a m . s u b s e t or P S S : P S x a c t i v e . Selecting the parameter subset via binary inputs If the binary signal inputs are to be used for parameter subset selection, then the P63x first checks to determine whether at least two binary inputs are configured for parameter subset selection. If this is not the case, then the parameter subset selected via the function

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Micom 631 Technical Manual