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Michiganagricultural Statistics
20102011
RICK SNYDER GOVERNOR
KEITH CREAGH DIRECTOR
STATE OF MICHIGANDEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE
AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT
CONSTITUTION HALL P.O. BOX 30017 LANSING, MICHIGAN 48909 www.michigan.gov/mda (517) 373-1104 (800) 292-3939
September 2011 The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD) is proud of the role it plays in assuring a strong, viable food and agriculture industry in our state. We are equally proud of the partnerships we have built with producers, industry organizations, and our federal counterparts, to continually grow our industry. This publication underscores the importance of the food and agricultural sector, Michigan’s second largest industry, to our state’s economy.
The impact of Michigan agriculture on our state’s economy is $73.1 billion and growing. Production agriculture, food processing and related businesses employ over one million Michigan residents. Michigan has approximately 10 million acres of farmland, and the state is home to 56,000 farms. More than 33 percent of the state’s total farmland is in some form of preservation agreement.
Michigan produces over 200 commodities on a commercial basis, making the state second only to California in agricultural diversity. In 2010, our annual agricultural exports generated nearly $1.75 billion. Further, our state leads the nation in the production of 18 commodities and ranks in the top 10 of 30 other commodities.
As Michigan faces the challenge of a changing business environment and workforce, all industries are affected. However, at a time when 850,000 jobs were lost in Michigan, our agricultural economy experienced a decade of growth. The food and agriculture industry expanded at a rate of more than 5 times faster than the rate of the general economy (11.9% v. 2%) between 2006 and 2007. And since 2007, we’ve seen a 27% increase at the farm gate. It is an exciting time to be part of this industry. Michigan’s food and agriculture industry is poised to be a leader in the reinvention of Michigan. We will continue to serve, promote and protect the food, agricultural, environmental and economic interests of the people of Michigan with great pride. If you have questions or comments about MDARD or our state’s food and agriculture industry, please contact the department at (800) 292-3939 or [email protected]. Sincerely,
Keith Creagh Director
DATE: September 2011
TO: Jay Johnson
USDA – National Agricultural Statistics
FROM: Stephen B. Lovejoy Douglas Buhler
Associate Director Associate Director
MSU Extension Michigan Agricultural
AgBioResearch
& Associate Dean for Research
for CANR
Steve Hanson, Chair
Department of Agricultural Food & Resource Economics
College of Agriculture and Natural Resources
RE: NASS 2010-2011 Agricultural Statistics publication
Michigan State University is pleased to partner with the Michigan Department of
Agriculture and the National Agricultural Statistics Service (USDA) in continuing the long
tradition of providing data on Michigan’s agricultural economy with the release of the 2010-
2011 Agricultural Statistics publication information on the changing production patterns and
production units in Michigan is very valuable as the College of Agriculture and Natural
Resources, the Michigan Agricultural AgBioResearch and Michigan State University
Extension develop our research and education plans and programs.
Our goal is to assist the agricultural sector in their efforts to continue to grow and provide
for the food and fiber needs of families, in Michigan and across the globe. In addition, we
strive to assist a wide variety of agricultural producers and agribusiness firms to be
sustainable, environmentally and economically.
We look forward to continuing this partnership as Michigan Agriculture continues to grow
and prosper.
United States Department of Agriculture
National Agricultural Statistics Service Michigan Field Office
Cooperating with Michigan Department of Agriculture
P.O. Box 30239 · Lansing, MI 48909-7739 (517) 324-5300 · (517) 324-5299 FAX · www.nass.usda.gov
USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer.
September 2011
Dear Friends in Agriculture,
It is my pleasure to serve as the new Director of the US Department of Agriculture’s (USDA) - National
Agricultural Statistics Service (NASS) Michigan Field Office. I succeeded Dave Kleweno in early June.
Dave accepted a new challenge with NASS in Washington, D.C. His 15 years of service as Director of
the USDA-NASS Michigan Field Office were highlighted by his tireless effort to enhance the data
products provided to those involved in agriculture throughout this great State. This publications current
format is just one example of his vision. We thank him for his efforts and look to build on his successes.
The diversity of Michigan agriculture has been evident in my first 3 months traveling throughout the
State. The statistics in this bulletin showcase this diversity and are used on a regular basis to make
informed decisions by producers, consultants, advisors, government officials, and others. The
compilation of this bulletin is a product of the partnership between the Michigan Department of
Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD), Michigan State University (MSU), and NASS.
I would like to extend a special thanks to all those producers and agri-businesses who have taken time to
respond to the surveys that serve as a basis for these data. Their responses are through the Internet, mail,
via telephone, and face-to-face interviews. The latter two modes are conducted by our dedicated core of
National Association of State Department of Agriculture enumerators. Without their skilled interview
techniques, we would be unable to successfully provide these many data.
The cover of this publication is motivated by the statewide Fruit Acreage Inventory Survey to be
conducted later this year. This survey is a collaborative effort between the Michigan fruit industry,
MDARD, MSU, the Michigan Farm Bureau, and NASS. The inventory is conducted on a periodic basis
and was last completed in 2006. The ever changing landscape of the Michigan fruit industry makes it
critical to conduct an accurate assessment of fruit acreage in the State to ensure decisions are based on
current, relevant data. We look forward to the support of the State’s fruit producers on this endeavor.
Good decisions can only be made with good information. Our agency continually strives to meet our
mission of providing timely, accurate, and useful statistics in service to U.S. agriculture. Thanks again to
all those who provided, collected, and analyzed the data in this publication. If you have any questions
about these data or need any additional information, please visit our Website at www.nass.usda.gov
and/or contact our office at (517) 324-5300. We look forward to serving you.
Sincerely,
Jay V. Johnson
Director
http://www.nass.usda.gov/
All tables contain Michigan data unless otherwise noted. In some tables, details may not add to the total shown due to rounding.
Contents
Farm Economics ........................................... 1 National rankings .................................................. 1 Farm numbers and land in farms .......................... 2 Farm real estate, income, and gov’t payments ..... 2 Production expenses ............................................. 6 Prices received, livestock ...................................... 8 Farm marketings ................................................ 10 Prices received, crops ......................................... 10 Prices Paid and Farm Labor ............................... 11 Agricultural Exports ............................................. 12
Chemical Usage .......................................... 13 Asparagus and Snap Beans ............................... 13 Carrots and Sweet Corn ...................................... 14 Cucumbers .......................................................... 15 Pumpkins ............................................................. 16 Squash ................................................................ 17 Corn ..................................................................... 17 Fall Potatoes ....................................................... 18 Commercial Fertilizer .......................................... 19
Field Crops .................................................. 20 Weather summary ............................................... 20 Area and value, Grain Storage Capacity ............. 20 Record highs and lows ........................................ 21 Barley .................................................................. 22 Corn ..................................................................... 22 Dry edible beans ................................................. 25 Hay and haylage ................................................. 27 Maple syrup ......................................................... 28 Mint ...................................................................... 28 Oats ..................................................................... 28 Potatoes .............................................................. 29 Soybeans ............................................................ 30 Sugarbeets .......................................................... 33 Wheat .................................................................. 33
Fruit .............................................................. 35 Record highs and lows ........................................ 35 Fruit Acres, Production and Value ...................... 36 Apples.................................................................. 37 Blueberries .......................................................... 37 Cherries, sweet ................................................... 38 Cherries, tart ........................................................ 38 Grapes ................................................................. 39 Plums................................................................... 39 Strawberries ........................................................ 40 Refrigerated warehouses .................................... 40
Vegetables ................................................... 41 Record highs and lows ........................................ 41 Processing ........................................................... 42 Fresh market........................................................ 43 Dual purpose ....................................................... 44 U.S. Pickle stocks ................................................ 44
Horticulture .................................................. 45 Growers and growing area .................................. 45 Floriculture crops ................................................. 46 Bedding plants ..................................................... 47 Hanging baskets .................................................. 48 Potted flowering and annual bedding plants ....... 49 Herbaceous perennials ........................................ 51
Livestock, Dairy, & Poultry ......................... 52 Record highs and lows ........................................ 52 Cattle and calves ................................................. 52 Dairy .................................................................... 54 Hogs and pigs ...................................................... 57 Honey .................................................................. 59 Mink ..................................................................... 59 Poultry .................................................................. 60 Sheep and goats ................................................. 61 Trout .................................................................... 63
County Estimates ........................................ 64 County rankings ................................................... 65 Corn ..................................................................... 66 Dry edible beans .................................................. 68 Oats ..................................................................... 69 Soybeans ............................................................. 71 Sugarbeets .......................................................... 73 Wheat .................................................................. 74 Cash Rents .......................................................... 76 Cattle and Dairy ................................................... 78
Customer Service Agriculture internet sites ....................... Appendix A Internet and other services ................... Appendix B
Charts and Graphs
Major Michigan Commodity Groups, 2010 .............................. 3 Top 20 Commodities in Cash Receipts, 2010 ......................... 3 Corn for grain acres, 1935-2010 ........................................... 23 Corn yield, 1935-2010 ........................................................... 23 Corn production, 1935-2010 ................................................. 23 Corn progress, 2006-2010 .................................................... 25 Soybean progress, 2006-2010 .............................................. 31 Soybean harvested acres, 1935-2010 ................................... 32 Soybean yield, 1935-2010 .................................................... 32 Soybean production, 1935-2010 ........................................... 32 Wheat harvested acres, 1935-2010 ...................................... 34 Wheat yield, 1935-2010 ........................................................ 34 Wheat production, 1935-2010 ............................................... 34 Selected Floriculture Crops, 2010 ......................................... 46 Michigan Livestock: Value of Production, 2010 ..................... 53 Annual Milk per Cow, 1984-2010 .......................................... 54 December 1 Hog Inventory, 1935-2010 ................................ 57 Agricultural Statistics Districts ............................................... 64
Office Staff Marian Baker Shawn Gearhart Amanda Jenkins Jared Pratt Denise Bowman Dustin Hevener Lisa Jones Marty Saffell
Chad Cloos Benita Hodge Trudy Leitz Joe Samson
Jim Collom Diane Hutchins Julie Palmer Lynn Spisak
Nathan Elias Larry Jacques Jean Porter
National Association of State Departments of Agriculture (NASDA) enumerators collect data for the USDA, NASS, Michigan Field Office. NASDA workers who gathered information for this publication were:
Office Enumerators Diane Clark, Day Supervisor Gene Kenyon Jane Mosier
Vena Hutton, Night Supervisor Hugh Leach Linda Newcomb
Gary Boersen Jill Leach JoAnn Roberts Carol Griffiths Virginia Ludlow Paula Scott Flo Hill Sharyn McIntyre Delores Tabor Shirley Huguelet Mike McManus Norma Wilde Lucy Hunley Neva Miller
Field Enumerators West Central Michigan North Michigan and Upper Peninsula Carl DeKleine, Supervisor, Grand Haven Herb Hemmes, Supervisor, Harbor Springs Babette Burmeister, Shelby Bob Burie, Wallace Byron Carpenter, Grand Haven Cathy Collins, Traverse City Ken Couturier, Hamilton Howard French, Lachine Ed Kelly, Conklin Joanne Galloway, Pickford Jeanne Lipps, Scottville Gordon McDonald, Munising Bev Vincent, Grand Haven Kitty Venable, Luzerne Robert Venable, Luzerne Southwest Michigan Central Michigan Cindra Mikel, Supervisor, Cassopolis Ken Kralik, Supervisor, Riverdale Nohemi Barajas, South Haven Cynthia Alexander, Gladwin Sandra Dorer, Quincy Gail Byler, Clarksville Kathleen Dowden, Niles Ron Feher Sr., Lansing Kirt Kendall, Hastings Rebecka Lewallen, Morley Steve Lamberton, Niles Ronald McDonald, Mt. Pleasant Bruce Landis, Homer Joyce Landis, Homer Bob Larsen, Coloma Clint Richmond, Kalamazoo Southeast Michigan East Central Michigan Rachel Bakowski, Supervisor, Ottawa Lake Mona Kaczuk, Supervisor, Bad Axe Glen Diesing, Petersburg M. Keith Corlew, Flint Susan Parisi, Milford Kimberly Gierman, Brown City Leslie Sizemore, Pittsford Diane McPhee, Kinde Mark Stapish, Tecumseh Jim Sparks, Fenton
Jay V. Johnson – Director Gerald D. Tillman – Deputy Director
United States Department of Agriculture USDA, NASS, Michigan Field Office Telephone: (517) 324-5300
National Agricultural Statistics Service P.O. Box 30239 Fax: (517) 324-5299
Cynthia Clark, Administrator Lansing, Michigan 48909-7739 Web: www.nass.usda.gov
E-mail: [email protected]
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 1
Rank in U.S. agriculture by selected commodities, 2010
Rank Item Unit Quantity Percent of U.S. Leading state
Thousands Percent
1
Beans, dry, black Cwt 2,304 49.4 Michigan
Beans, dry, cranberry Cwt 57 86.4 Michigan Begonias Baskets 386 24.7 Michigan
Blueberries Pounds 109,000 26.2 Michigan
Cherries, tart Pounds 135,000 70.9 Michigan Cucumbers (for pickles) Tons 198.4 36.1 Michigan
Easter Lilies Pots 1,573 24.6 Michigan
Geraniums, from seed Flats 174 38.4 Michigan Geraniums, from seed Pots 11,813 60.8 Michigan
Geraniums, vegetative cuttings Baskets 768 21.2 Michigan Ice Cream Mix, Lowfat Gallons 18,256 8.1 Michigan
Impatiens, other Baskets 540 23.1 Michigan
Impatiens, other Flats 2,115 24.4 Michigan New Guinea Impatiens Baskets 475 18.3 Michigan
Petunias Baskets 1,303 26.6 Michigan
Petunias Flats 1,795 24.1 Michigan Squash Cwt 1,320 20.2 Michigan
2
Beans, dry, all Cwt 4,230 13.3 North Dakota
Beans dry, navy Cwt 1,290 27.1 North Dakota
Beans, dry, small red Cwt 173 36.2 Idaho
Begonias Flats 856 20.3 Texas
Carrots (fresh market) Cwt 475 2.1 California
Celery Cwt 1,000 4.9 California Geraniums, from seed Baskets 71 21.0 Ohio
Geraniums, from vegetative cuttings Pots 3,758 10.7 California Hardy/garden Chrysanthemums Pots 6,091 13.3 North Carolina
Hostas Pots 1,189 13.8 South Carolina
Marigolds Flats 766 18.9 California New Guinea Impatiens Flats 42 12.0 Maryland
New Guinea Impatiens Pots 2,499 17.2 Florida
Other Flowering and Foliar Baskets 2,353 17.6 North Carolina Petunias Pots 4,052 14.9 Florida
Vegetable type bedding plants Flats 997 19.6 California
3
Apples Pounds 590,000 6.3 Washington
Asparagus Cwt 168 21.0 California
Grapes, Niagara Tons 13,000 23.5 New York
Beans, dry, light red kidney Cwt 153 15.8 Minnesota
Coniferous Evergreens Number sold 20,282 8.4 Texas
Cucumbers (fresh market) Cwt 903 10.6 Florida
Deciduous Shade Trees Number sold 1,977 5.7 Oregon
Other Flowering and Foliar Flats 2,970 16.6 California
Other Flowering and Foliar Pots 19,601 13.3 California
Pansies/Violas Baskets 83 9.5 North Carolina
Potted Other herbaceous perennials Pots 13,073 9.1 Florida
Vegetable type bedding plants Pots 7,220 13.6 California
4
Beans, snap (processing) Tons 58.9 7.7 Wisconsin Cherries, sweet Tons 15.1 4.8 Washington
Christmas Trees Acres 19 10.9 North Carolina
Pansies/Violas Flats 645 8.6 Texas Plums Tons 2.0 16.5 Oregon
Sugarbeets Tons 3,822 12.0 Minnesota
Tomatoes (processing) Tons 115.5 0.9 California
5 Beans, dry, dark red kidney Cwt 32 3.8 Minnesota
Grapes Tons 36,000 0.5 California
6
Maple syrup Gallons 82 4.2 Vermont
Peaches Tons 14.0 1.2 California Pumpkins Cwt 952 9.0 Illinois
7 Beans, snap (fresh market) Cwt 144 2.8 Florida
8 Milk Pounds 8,327 4.3 California Oats Bushels 4,080 5.0 Minnesota
9 Cabbage (fresh market) Cwt 840 3.7 California
Potatoes Cwt 15,660 4.3 Idaho
10 Tomatoes (fresh market) Cwt 400 1.4 California
11 Corn for grain Bushels 315,000 2.5 Iowa
12
Soybeans Bushels 88,740 2.7 Iowa
Wheat, winter Bushels 35,700 2.4 Kansas
13 Hogs, as of Dec. 1, 2010 Head 1,040 1.6 Iowa
19 Cash receipts Dollars 6,485,696 2.1 California
20 Hay, all, dry Tons 2,730 1.9 Texas
28 Cattle, as of Jan. 1, 2011 Head 1,090 1.2 Texas
2 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Number of farms and land in farms by economic sales class, 2006-2010 1
Year
Economic sales class
Total
Average
size of
farm $1,000-
$9,999
$10,000-
$99,999
$100,000-
$249,999
$250,000-
$499,999 $500,000+
1,000 farms 1,000 farms 1,000 farms 1,000 farms 1,000 farms 1,000 farms
2006
2007 2008
2009
2010
31.1
33.1 32.3
32.1
32.2
14.8
14.8 14.5
14.4
14.4
3.3
3.5 3.6
3.5
3.5
1.8
2.1 2.1
2.2
2.2
2.0
2.5 2.5
2.6
2.6
53.0
56.0 55.0
54.8
54.9
Million acres Million acres Million acres Million acres Million acres Million acres Acres
2006
2007 2008
2009
2010
1.85
1.85 1.80
1.70
1.70
2.40
2.10 2.00
1.90
1.90
1.60
1.35 1.40
1.30
1.30
1.60
1.40 1.40
1.50
1.50
2.65
3.30 3.40
3.60
3.60
10.10
10.00 10.00
10.00
10.00
191
179 182
182
182 1 USDA estimates of farm number and land in farms are based on the definition "a farm is any establishment from which $1,000 or more of agricultural products were
sold or would normally be sold during the year."
Farm real estate: Values and cash rents, 2007-2011
Year
Farm real
estate average
value per acre
Cropland Pasture
Average value
per acre
Average cash
rent per acre
Average value
per acre
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
2007
2008 2009
2010
2011
3,760
3,900 3,750
3,650
3,850
3,280
3,480 3,370
3,300
3,500
73
78 81
81
90
2,450
2,630 2,550
2,400
2,500
Farm Income Net farm income in 2010 rose 58.2 percent from last year to $1.15
billion. That includes $184.7 million of government payments. The total
agriculture output was $7.26 billion dollars, up 8.9 percent from 2009.
Production expenses were $3.58 billion in 2010, up1.5 percent from the
previous year.
Preliminary cash receipts from 2010 marketings of Michigan crops,
livestock and livestock products totaled $6.49 billion, up 15.7 percent
from 2009. Michigan ranked 19 nationally in total cash receipts.
Crop receipts, $4.02 billion, were up 8.7 percent from 2009.
Livestock cash receipts were up 29.2 percent from a year earlier to
$2.46 billion.
In 2010, the top ten Michigan commodities ranked by cash receipts
were milk, corn, soybeans, floriculture and nursery, cattle and calves,
hogs, sugarbeets, wheat, eggs and potatoes.
Government payments, 2006-2010 1
Program 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars
Conservation programs
Direct payments
Counter-cyclical payments Loan deficiency payments
Miscellaneous programs
Ad Hoc and emergency programs Milk income loss payments
Total
51,279
85,952
72,304 15,570
1,891
1,829 18,816
247,641
45,926
86,970
179 64
-63
3,300 3,868
140,244
49,047
86,691
2 13
47
30,540 2
166,342
43,590
79,012
-24 49
0
16,169 40,828
179,624
61,278
84,760
-2 -183
-105
36,416 2,496
184,660 1 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 3
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800
Fruit
Vegetables
Floriculture & nursery
Livestock & products
Field crops
Million dollars (cash receipts)
Major Michigan Commodity Groups, 2010
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22
Sweet CornTart Cherries
Cucumbers for PicklesOther Field Crops
HayOther Vegetables
ApplesBlueberriesDry Beans
Other PoultryPotatoes
EggsWheat
SugarbeetsHogs
Cattle & calvesFloriculture
SoybeansCornMilk
Percent of $6.49 billion total
Top 20 Commodities in Cash Receipts, 2010
4 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Value added to the economy by the Michigan agricultural sector 2006-2010 1
Item 2 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars Million dollars
Value of crop production
Food grains
Feed crops Oil crops
Fruits and tree nuts
Vegetables, potatoes, dry beans All other crops
Home consumption
Value of inventory adjustment 3 Value of livestock production
Meat animals
Dairy products Poultry and eggs
Miscellaneous livestock
Home consumption Value of inventory adjustment 3
Revenues from services and forestry
Machine hire and custom work Forest products sold
Other farm income
Gross imputed rental value-farm dwellings Value of agricultural sector production
less: Purchased inputs
Farm origin Feed purchased
Livestock and poultry purchased
Seed purchased Manufactured inputs
Fertilizers and lime
Pesticides Petroleum fuel and oils
Electricity
Other purchased inputs Repair and maintenance of capital items
Machine hire and custom work
Marketing, storage, and transp. expenses Contract labor
Miscellaneous expenses
plus: Net government transactions plus: Direct Government payments
less: Motor vehicle reg. and licensing fees
less: Property taxes Gross value added
less: Capital consumption
Net value added less: Payments to stakeholders
Employee compensation (total hired labor)
Net rent received by nonoperator landlords Real estate and nonreal estate interest
Net farm income
2,943.2
148.6
664.2 471.8
344.3
449.1 854.4
2
8.8 1,708.8
503.8
943 153.8
59.4
7.5 41.4
835.2
31.7 11.9
208.8
582.8 5,487.2
2,604.1
874.7 512.5
70.1
292 804.8
302.3
199.7 242.7
60.1
924.6 278.1
64
133.1 16.6
432.9
-17.2 247.6
9.7
255.1 2,865.9
758.7
2,107.2 855.7
519.6
81.2 255
1,251.5
3,307.5
188
871 625.3
418.9
483.7 849.3
1.2
-129.9 2,424.6
580.5
1,497.2 256.4
66.4
9.5 14.5
825.2
35.5 14
177
598.7 6,557.3
3,443.8
1,147 727.3
73.4
346.4 1,062.7
448
241.5 297.5
75.8
1,234.1 316.4
88.3
165.4 26.4
637.6
-111.5 140.2
10.9
240.8 3,002
785.6
2,216.5 1,125.1
794
61.8 269.3
1,091.4
4,113.4
238.9
1,268.3 704.2
374.8
577.5 859
1.6
89.1 2,538.6
639
1,485.7 340
64.4
9.2 0.4
917.6
28.2 14
268.7
606.7 7,569.7
3,695.3
1,233.3 694
77.4
461.9 1,294.3
592.6
269.9 353.5
78.3
1,167.8 347
87
140.9 14.7
578.2
-93.5 166.3
9.4
250.4 3,780.9
832.8
2,948.1 1,018.7
675.4
70.2 273.2
1,929.4
3,802.6
177.9
1,007.3 777.8
320.5
567.2 849.5
1.2
101.2 1,955.1
524
1,064 260.5
58.3
10.1 38.2
910.9
51.4 14
285.3
560.2 6,668.6
3,531.2
1,201.8 665
51.8
484.9 1,200.8
554.1
265.2 290.1
91.4
1,128.6 373.9
98
149.3 19.7
487.6
-92.2 179.6
11.8
260.1 3,045.2
873
2,172.2 1,020.8
657.1
95.3 268.5
1,151.4
4,005.6
201.1
1,156 866.5
325.3
584.6 888.7
1.3
-17.8 2,458.6
704.4
1,411 288.2
59.9
9.3 -14.3
799.9
39.1 14
167.5
579.3 7,264.1
3,583.7
1,259 709.5
60
489.6 1,176.3
599.1
222.6 275.2
79.5
1,148.4 344.3
107.7
146.2 32.8
517.4
-84.6 184.7
9.2
260.1 3,595.8
891.3
2,704.5 882.8
497.6
129.2 255.9
1,821.7 1 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2 Value of agricultural sector production is the gross value of the commodities and services produced within a year. Net value-added is the sector's contribution to the
National economy and is the sum of the income from production earned by all factors-of-production, regardless of ownership. Net farm income is the farm operator's
share of income from the sector's production activities. The concept presented is consistent with that employed by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
3 A positive value of inventory change represents current-year production not sold by December 31. A negative value is an offset to production from prior years
included in current-year sales.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 5
Cash receipts by commodity groups and selected commodities 2006-2010 1
Item 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars 1,000 dollars
Total cash receipts
Total livestock and products
Meat animals
Cattle and calves
Hogs
Sheep and lambs
Dairy (milk)
Poultry and eggs
Eggs
Turkeys
Other
Miscellaneous livestock
Honey Mink pelts
Other
Total crops
Field crops
Corn Dry beans
Hay
Soybeans
Sugarbeets
Wheat
Other 3
Vegetables Asparagus
Beans, snap
Carrots, fresh
Celery
Corn, sweet
Cucumbers, fresh
Cucumbers, pickles
Onions Peppers, green, fresh
Potatoes
Pumpkins
Squash
Tomatoes, fresh
Other
Fruit
Apples
Blueberries
Grapes
Peaches
Strawberries
Sweet cherries
Tart cherries Other
Miscellaneous crops
Floriculture and nursery
4,592,406
1,659,939
503,763
294,627
205,669
3,467
942,970
153,771
73,097
69,654
11,020
59,435
4,554 3,380
51,501
2,932,467
1,541,056
577,864 75,431
82,352
470,922
135,774
147,556
51,157
373,674 14,866
17,523
13,824
19,920
16,830
16,354
33,492
9,073 9,828
103,222
9,405
14,459
23,000
71,878
344,324
109,834
149,655
9,242
13,066
6,285
15,492
34,697 6,053
2,893
670,520
5,836,719
2,400,533
580,497
343,331
233,132
4,034
1,497,200
256,397
155,371
88,210
12,816
66,439
5,484 2,640
58,315
3,436,186
1,960,259
802,910 97,168
61,809
624,176
125,532
186,547
62,117
386,547 16,092
18,465
10,428
12,334
14,652
15,358
42,665
12,310 12,870
100,227
8,556
13,538
24,794
84,258
418,909
128,179
165,456
28,044
16,298
5,028
17,709
50,905 7,290
2,711
667,760
6,551,769
2,529,030
638,992
384,942
249,776
4,274
1,485,696
339,972
211,524
( 2 )
128,448
64,370
7,464 3,456
53,450
4,022,739
2,572,879
1,149,888 140,245
111,713
703,787
171,732
236,382
59,132
437,208 18,516
15,978
12,806
14,705
16,991
14,117
41,602
10,825 12,000
137,934
15,283
12,144
24,570
89,737
374,843
128,033
124,000
22,359
9,052
5,846
16,144
63,030 6,379
4,309
633,500
5,606,993
1,906,751
523,995
290,337
229,505
4,153
1,063,960
260,460
149,883
( 2 )
110,577
58,336
6,138 1,835
50,363
3,700,242
2,316,572
929,310 118,364
74,183
777,060
184,813
175,445
57,397
448,828 16,553
20,540
12,652
14,898
23,624
18,586
49,010
13,474 11,520
136,949
10,318
11,739
21,000
87,965
320,503
115,037
101,850
26,348
12,075
6,615
13,666
37,981 6,931
5,194
609,145
6,485,696
2,463,530
704,448
380,753
317,938
5,757
1,411,000
288,212
162,789
( 2 )
125,423
59,870
6,658 2,949
50,263
4,022,166
2,609,839
1,082,488 122,292
70,710
866,544
212,886
199,034
55,885
462,313 13,948
21,338
10,925
17,880
23,218
20,498
49,600
13,069 12,144
139,803
13,804
12,144
21,600
92,342
325,261
116,040
134,300
15,373
12,731
4,089
9,765
27,260 5,703
3,734
621,019 1
Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service. 2
Not published to avoid disclosure of individual operations. 3
Includes Barley, Oats, Mint, Rye, and all other miscellaneous crops.
6 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Corn production costs and returns, excluding direct Government payments, 2009-2010
Item United States Northern Crescent 1
2009 2010 2009 2010
Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre
Gross value of production
Operating costs
Seed
Fertilizer 2 Chemicals
Custom operations
Fuel, lube, and electricity Repairs
Purchased irrigation water
Interest on operating capital Total, operating costs
Allocated overhead Hired labor
Opportunity cost of unpaid labor
Capital recovery of machinery and equipment Opportunity cost of land (rental rate)
Taxes and insurance
General farm overhead Total, allocated overhead
Total, costs listed
Value of production less total costs listed
Value of production less operating costs
Supporting information
Yield (bushels per planted acre) Price (dollars per bushel at harvest)
Enterprise size (planted acres) 3
Production practices 3 Irrigated (percent)
Dryland (percent)
561.22
78.92
132.72 27.68
11.98
29.00 15.69
0.14
0.43 296.56
2.41
25.67
81.11 123.90
8.13
14.49 255.71
552.27
8.95
264.66
156 3.59
250
12
88
637.68
83.23
100.30 27.39
12.15
35.73 16.03
0.15
0.27 275.25
2.44
25.92
83.46 127.33
8.23
14.71 262.09
537.34
100.34
362.43
145 4.39
250
12
88
444.27
80.61
150.49 24.49
14.80
27.84 15.80
0.02
0.46 314.51
3.43
36.03
77.68 104.74
11.08
19.81 252.77
567.28
-123.01
129.76
125 3.53
128
5
95
564.55
85.07
114.09 24.27
14.99
34.62 16.10
0.02
0.29 289.45
3.47
36.42
79.78 107.85
11.24
20.19 258.95
548.40
16.15
275.10
126 4.46
128
5
95 1 Includes NE Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, NE Ohio, Central Maryland, most of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, and New England. 2 Includes soil conditioners and manure. 3 Developed from survey base year, 2005.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 7
Soybean production costs and returns, excluding direct Government payments, 2009-2010
Item United States Northern Crescent 1
2009 2010 2009 2010
Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre Dollars per planted acre
Gross value of production
Operating costs
Seed
Fertilizer 2 Chemicals
Custom operations
Fuel, lube, and electricity Repairs
Purchased irrigation water
Interest on operating capital Total, operating costs
Allocated overhead Hired labor
Opportunity cost of unpaid labor
Capital recovery of machinery and equipment Opportunity cost of land (rental rate)
Taxes and insurance
General farm overhead Total, allocated overhead
Total, costs listed
Value of production less total costs listed
Value of production less operating costs
Supporting information
Yield (bushels per planted acre) Price (dollars per bushel at harvest)
Enterprise size (planted acres) 3
Production practices 3 Irrigated (percent)
Dryland (percent)
437.10
55.26
23.65 17.38
7.17
13.48 13.22
0.14
0.19 130.49
2.14
17.19
75.54 108.98
10.84
14.57 229.26
359.75
77.35
306.61
47 9.30
303
9
91
449.32
59.20
17.87 17.04
6.52
16.75 13.46
0.14
1.31 132.29
2.11
17.33
77.51 148.34
9.41
14.86 269.56
401.85
47.47
317.03
47 9.56
303
9
91
415.80
57.94
33.93 16.33
9.35
11.88 11.40
0.00
0.20 141.03
1.28
18.27
64.62 89.62
13.43
18.80 206.02
347.05
68.75
274.77
42 9.90
164
2
98
468.00
62.26
26.02 16.11
8.52
14.74 11.62
0.00
1.39 140.66
1.29
18.47
66.37 122.34
11.68
19.16 239.31
379.97
88.03
327.34
48 9.75
164
2
98 1 Includes NE Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, NE Ohio, most of Pennsylvania, New Jersey, New York, Central Maryland, and New England. 2 Includes soil conditioners and manure. 3 Developed from survey base year, 2006.
8 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Livestock and products: Marketing year average prices received by farmers, 2006-2010
Year All hogs
per cwt
All beef
per cwt 1
Cows
per cwt 2
Steers and heifers
per cwt
Milk cows
per head 3
Calves
per cwt
Market eggs
per doz 4
All milk wholesale
per cwt
Turkeys per
pound 5
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
2006
2007
2008 2009
2010
42.00
41.10
42.50 37.00
50.00
71.90
75.80
77.10 68.70
78.40
49.10
49.30
52.00 45.80
54.00
81.60
87.00
87.80 78.50
88.80
1,930
1,910
2,200 1,550
1,400
134.00
118.00
99.90 88.60
92.80
0.366
0.726
0.956 0.672
NA
13.30
19.70
19.20 13.40
17.00
0.39
0.46
NA NA
NA 1 Combined price for "Cows" and "Steers and Heifers." 2 Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 3 Sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published January, April, July, and October. 4 Data not available after 2009. 5 Data not available after 2007.
Livestock and products: Monthly prices received by farmers, 2010-2011
Month Beef cattle per cwt 1 4
Cows per cwt 2 4
Steers and
heifers
per cwt 4
Milk cows per head 3
Calves per cwt 4
All milk
wholesale
per cwt
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
2010
January
February March
April May
June
July August
September
October November
December
2011
January
February March
April
May June
July
August September
October
November December
70.70
77.80 77.80
81.50 81.80
79.80
78.70 78.70
78.80
77.60 77.70
79.40
49.00
54.00 54.00
57.00 58.00
56.00
57.00 57.00
55.00
51.00 49.00
52.00
80.00
88.00 88.00
92.00 92.00
90.00
88.00 88.00
89.00
89.00 90.00
92.00
1,400
1,400
1,400
1,400
1,450
1,550
1,550
80.00
85.00 85.00
90.00 98.00
97.00
97.00 98.00
99.00
97.00 95.00
96.00
16.90
16.70 15.70
15.00 15.60
16.30
16.70 17.50
18.10
19.30 18.90
17.60
17.40
19.20 21.10
20.60
20.60 21.60
22.70
23.00
1 Combined price for "Cows" and "Steers and Heifers." 2 Beef cows and cull dairy cows sold for slaughter. 3 Sold for dairy herd replacement only. Prices published January, April, July, and October. 4 Discontinued at State Level for 2011.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 9
Dry edible beans: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
September
October
November December
January
February March
April
May June
July
August
23
29
6 6
5
3 3
1
2 7
1
14
25
23
9 3
4
2 2
3
2 25
1
1
18
28
13 6
4
3 3
3
3 2
1
16
25
38
6 3
4
4 2
1
1 2
1
13
27
29
10 8
7
3 1
1
1 2
0
11
Corn: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
October
November
December January
February
March April
May
June July
August
September
17
13
9 11
8
6 8
6
5 5
6
6
11
25
11 13
7
4 5
4
6 5
4
5
14
16
9 11
7
6 8
5
7 7
4
6
9
16
10 10
7
8 7
9
7 5
6
6
5
16
13 11
6
6 6
6
8 9
6
8
Hay: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
June
July
August September
October
November December
January
February March
April
May
14
15
13 13
13
5 5
5
5 4
4
4
14
15
13 13
13
5 5
5
5 4
4
4
15
13
12 8
6
6 8
8
7 6
6
5
14
16
13 11
10
5 5
6
6 5
5
4
13
10
11 8
8
6 8
6
7 7
8
8
Oats: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
July
August
September
October
November December
January
February March
April
May June
26
40
3
2
2 3
5
7 6
3
1 2
13
43
7
5
1 5
6
5 8
3
1 3
17
40
10
4
2 4
5
1 2
4
1 10
2
53
8
2
1 2
5
3 4
5
4 11
2
47
26
5
2 1
3
3 5
1
2 3
Soybeans: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
September
October
November
December
January
February March
April
May June
July
August
13
28
5
7
9
5 6
6
7 4
5
5
4
24
19
7
11
7 5
4
5 7
4
3
6
32
13
7
11
8 5
5
4 4
3
2
6
34
9
7
11
5 7
10
4 4
2
1
1
33
24
7
11
5 4
4
2 4
3
2
Wheat: Percent of sales by month, 2005-2010
Month 2005-06 2006-07 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10
Percent Percent Percent Percent Percent
July
August September
October
November December
January
February March
April
May June
48
19 8
3
2 3
4
5 4
1
2 1
53
16 7
7
1 2
4
2 3
2
1 2
75
14 4
1
1 2
1
1 0
1
0 0
47
26 5
1
1 2
3
2 4
3
4 2
31
27 11
8
3 2
7
2 2
2
2 3
10 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Crops: Marketing year average prices received by farmers, 2006-2010 1
Marketing
year
Corn
per bushel
Winter
wheat per bushel
Oats
per bushel
Soybeans
per bushel
Dry
beans per cwt
Fall
potatoes per cwt
All
hay per ton
Alfalfa
hay per ton
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
2006 2007
2008
2009 2010
3.10 4.37
3.84
3.53 5.55
3.41 5.01
5.63
4.25 5.95
1.93 2.91
3.40
2.21 2.45
6.27 9.69
9.82
9.54 11.40
21.10 31.90
36.30
33.50 28.90
8.35 8.45
10.10
10.50 10.60
94.00 124.00
153.00
119.00 101.00
97.00 127.00
156.00
127.00 108.00
1 Marketing year average prices received by farmers are based on monthly prices weighted by monthly marketings during specific periods. Prices do not include
allowance for CCC loans outstanding, purchases by the government, or deficiency payments.
Crops: Monthly prices received by farmers, 2009-2010 marketing years
2009-2010 Marketing
years
Corn
per bushel
Winter wheat
per bushel
Oats
per bushel
Soybeans
per bushel
Dry beans
per cwt
Fall potatoes
per cwt
All hay
per ton
Alfalfa hay
per ton
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
2009 June
July
August September
October
November December
2010 January
February
March April
May
June July
August
September
2010
June
July
August
September October
November
December 2011
January
February March
April
May June
July
August September
3.45
3.52 3.48
3.56
3.32
3.35 3.32
3.44
3.45 3.55
3.78
4.03
4.48
4.83
5.14
5.25
5.88 5.84
6.60
6.15 6.77
6.90
4.61
4.28 3.11
4.27
4.55 4.64
3.94
4.39
4.68 4.32
4.39
4.20
5.48
6.16
6.06 6.26
5.90
6.88
6.34
6.80 6.81
7.04
7.01 6.27
2.63
2.08 2.10
2.17
2.20 2.56
2.53
2.66
2.63 2.87
2.84
2.67
2.29
2.21
2.37 2.68
3.02
3.16
3.68
3.79 3.34
3.80
4.31 4.06
10.10
9.40
9.50 9.91
9.67
9.50
9.40 9.51
9.54
9.49 9.80
10.20
9.73 10.30
11.40
11.90
11.80
12.30 12.20
12.70
12.60 13.10
13.20
33.20
32.40
33.30 35.60
34.90
35.80
35.60 36.60
33.80
28.50 32.90
35.10
29.00 28.60
29.20
29.90
31.60
34.10 36.70
39.50
40.10 40.60
40.00
9.20
9.25
10.20 10.80
11.20
11.30
11.90 12.40
12.10
10.70
9.45
8.70 8.85
10.50
10.70
11.20
11.90 12.40
13.10
13.70
111.00
106.00 110.00
109.00
121.00 126.00
129.00
130.00
130.00 129.00
130.00
110.00
102.00
99.00
95.00 94.00
97.00
100.00
97.00
99.00 96.00
99.00
104.00 97.00
115.00
120.00
120.00 120.00
125.00
130.00 135.00
140.00
140.00
140.00 135.00
135.00
115.00
105.00
105.00
105.00 105.00
110.00
110.00
110.00
110.00 105.00
105.00
110.00
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FARM ECONOMICS 11
Prices paid by farmers, 2007-2011 1
Item Unit 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars Dollars
Dairy feed, 16% protein 2
Hog concentrate, 38-42% protein 2 Soybean meal, 44% protein 2
Gasoline, unleaded, bulk 2
Diesel fuel 2 Tractor, 110-129 hp 3
Tractor, 200-280 hp, 4-wd 3
Planter, row crop, 8-row 3 Grain drill, press, 23-25 openers 3
Combine, self-prop. w/ grain head, large cap. 3
Ammonium nitrate 4 Muriate of potash 60-62% K2O
4
Superphosphate, 44-46% P2O5 4
Anhydrous ammonia 4 Atrazine, 4#/gallon 3
Roundup, 4#/gallon EC 3
Harness, Surpass, 6.4-7#/gallon EC 3 2,4-D, 3.8#/gallon 3
Captan, 50% WP 3
Ziram, 76% WP 3
Guthion, 50% WP 3
Imidan, Prolate, 50% WP 3
Ton
Ton Cwt
Gallon
Gallon Each
Each
Each Each
Each
Ton Ton
Ton
Ton Gallon
Gallon
Gallon Gallon
Pound
Pound
Pound
Pound
241
366 14.4
2.618
2.47 74,000
154,000
33,500 26,100
213,000
364 277
409
536 12.2
28.9
69.2 15.9
4.59
3.08
11.7
9.05
310
493 22.1
3.267
3.613 76,100
176,000
38,000 26,900
230,000
504 562
779
769 15.3
40.5
71.7 17.2
5.51
3.35
11.6
8.92
295
473 20.1
1.985
1.688 77,700
195,000
40,200 32,400
253,000
406 848
555
787 20.8
42.8
75.5 19.3
6.43
3.94
13.5
10.2
265
405 20.4
2.844
2.565 78,000
198,000
42,900 36,600
257,000
416 501
465
520 18.9
22.8
70.3 18
7.18
4.07
13.5
10.2
400
549 20.7
3.562
3.537 80,400
216,000
43,100 38,700
275,000
460 594
536
776 17.3
16.8
69.6 18
7.55
4.38
13.5
11.2
EC=Emulsifiable concentrate. WP=Wettable powder. 1 Regional and U.S. data only. 2 Lake States region: Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. 3 United States. 4 North Central region: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Ohio, and Wisconsin.
Farm Labor
Hired farm workers: Annual average wage rates, 2006-2010
Year All hired workers
Field workers
Field and livestock workers
Dollars per hour Dollars per hour Dollars per hour
2006
2007 1
2008
2009 2010
10.37
10.87
11.25
11.22 11.37
9.64
10.12
10.80
10.82 11.23
9.65
10.01
10.63
10.57 10.62
1 The January 2007 Farm Labor survey was not conducted due to budget constraints. Modeling of historical data and time-series analysis were used to generate
estimates for the Lake States region (Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin).
12 FARM ECONOMICS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Agricultural Exports Michigan ranked eighteenth in agricultural exports for fiscal year
2010. The table below shows the value of agricultural exports by
commodity group. The data are calculated annually by commodity
based on each State’s share of the U.S. agricultural production. The top
five commodity groups accounted for approximately 80 percent of the
State’s agricultural exports. The total value of agricultural exports
produced in Michigan in 2010 was estimated at $1.75 billion.
Michigan agricultural exports: Fiscal year 2010 1 2
Commodity Value Percent of total Rank in U.S.
Million dollars Percent Number
Soybeans and products Feed grains and products
Wheat and products
Other 3 Vegetables and preparations
Fruits and preparations
Live animals and meat, excluding poultry Feeds and fodders
Hides and skins
Seeds Poultry and products
Fats, oils, and greases
Total
588.7 276.3
194.3
175.4 157.9
144.6
81.0 43.6
40.9
18.4 16.6
16.4
1,754.1
33.6 15.8
11.1
10.0 9.0
8.2
4.6 2.5
2.3
1.0 1.0
0.9
12 13
16
6 9
7
19 27
13
16 26
12
18 1 Source: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service, www.ers.usda.gov/data/fatus. 2 Based on location of farm where commodity is produced. 3 Sugar and tropical product, minor oilseeds, essential oils, beverages other than juice, nursery and greenhouse, wine, and miscellaneous vegetable products.
Michigan agricultural exports: Top 10 destinations, 2009-2010 1 2
Country 2009 2010
Thousand dollars Thousand dollars
Canada
Mexico Japan
Italy
United Kingdom South Korea
France
Guatemala Taiwan
Jamaica
252,941,290
54,754,500 29,197,559
6,735,959
2,212,799 2,623,834
3,226,932
791,720 967,519
1,111,187
232,972,387
48,651,193 22,722,826
5,467,651
3,685,622 2,561,302
2,119,238
1,538,927 1,309,932
1,214,561 1 Source: U.S. Department of Commerce, International Trade Administration, www.ita.doc.gov. 2 Based on location of exporting firm.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 CHEMICAL USAGE 13
Agricultural Chemical Usage Michigan statistics for on-farm use of agricultural chemicals are from
the 2010 Vegetable Chemical Use Survey conducted by USDA, NASS
for 29 vegetable crops in nineteen states. Chemical use statistics for
other states and pest management practices are available online at:
www.nass.gov/Statistics_by_Subject/Environmental/
The fertilizer and chemical use statistics for corn and potatoes in
Michigan are from the 2010 Agricultural Resource Management
Survey. Other information on fertilizer and chemical use on corn and
potatoes are also available on the NASS website.
Asparagus: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural
chemical
Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre Pounds
Herbicides 2,4-D, dimeth. salt
Clethodim
Diuron Glyphosate iso. salt
Halosulfuron
Metribuzin Sulfentrazone
Terbacil
Insecticides
Carbaryl Chlorpyrifos
Permethrin
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil
Tebuconazole
48
3
85 91
24
41 24
6
83 49
39
59
16
1.4
1.0
1.6 1.6
1.1
1.2 1.3
1.0
2.9 1.3
2.5
2.7
1.6
0.791
0.119
1.259 0.771
0.030
0.584 0.137
0.732
1.110 0.842
0.108
1.316
0.120
1.079
0.119
1.952 1.243
0.034
0.702 0.177
0.732
3.238 1.118
0.268
3.543
0.192
5,500
( 2 )
17,800 12,100
100
3,000 500
500
28,800 5,900
1,100
22,500
300 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 10,700 acres. 2 Total applied was less than 50 lbs.
Snap Beans, Processing: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural
chemical
Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides
Bentazon
Fomesafen Imazamox
S-Metolachlor
Trifluralin
Insecticides Acephate
78
13 31
81
26
53
1.0
1.0 1.0
1.3
1.0
1.1
0.628
0.132 0.032
1.707
0.522
0.744
0.628
0.132 0.032
2.201
0.522
0.844
7,200
300 100
26,300
2,000
6,600
1 Planted acres in 2010 were 14,800 acres.
14 CHEMICAL USAGE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Carrots, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Insecticides Carbaryl
Esfenvalerate
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil
5
33
88
2.2
3.2
1.7
0.990
0.024
1.377
2.179
0.078
2.310
200
100
4,300 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 2,100 acres.
Sweet Corn, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides
2,4-D, dimeth. salt Atrazine
Bentazon
Glyphosate iso. salt
Mesotrione
Pendimethalin
S-Metolachlor
Insecticides Carbaryl
Chlorpyrifos
Cyfluthrin Esfenvalerate
Lambda-cyhalothrin
Methomyl Permethrin
Thiodicarb
Zeta-cypermethrin
Fungicides
Chlorothalonil Mancozeb
Propiconazole
2 79
23
2
20
11
67
3
7
11 25
47
29 10
16
6
6 4
11
1.0 1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.0
1.3
1.8 2.4
3.0
1.9 2.1
2.5
2.4
1.9 1.2
1.4
0.392 0.881
0.550
1.075
0.125
0.603
1.199
1.128
0.755
0.028 0.035
0.023
0.413 0.122
0.737
0.019
1.312 1.274
0.101
0.392 0.886
0.550
1.075
0.125
0.603
1.199
2.286
0.958
0.050 0.083
0.069
0.776 0.261
1.869
0.045
2.469 1.482
0.144
100 7,000
1,300
300
300
600
8,100
600
600
100 200
300
2,200 300
3,000
( 2 )
1,500 500
200 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 10,000. 2 Total applied was less than 50 lbs.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 CHEMICAL USAGE 15
Cucumbers, Fresh: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides Clomazone
Ethalfluralin
Halosulfuron
Insecticides
Carbaryl Esfenvalerate
Lambda-Cyhalothrin
Permethrin
Fungicides
Azoxystrobin Chlorothalonil
Copper hydroxide
Cymoxanil Famoxadone
Fluopicolide
Mancozeb
Myclobutanil
Propamocarb hydroch.
14
63
53
1 14
2
58
5 96
79
83 83
8
5
2
76
1.0
1.0
1.0
2.4 5.2
1.8
2.9
1.1 4.1
3.1
1.9 1.9
1.5
2.3
1.0
1.2
0.179
0.562
0.024
0.941 0.041
0.022
0.150
0.175 2.018
0.903
0.122 0.122
0.125
1.554
0.096
0.819
0.179
0.562
0.024
2.266 0.215
0.039
0.432
0.200 8.309
2.767
0.237 0.237
0.184
3.620
0.097
1.020
100
1,500
100
100 100
( 2 )
1,100
( 2 ) 34,200
9,400
800 800
100
700
( 2 )
3,300 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 4,300 acres. 2 Total applied was less than 50 lbs.
Cucumbers, Pickles: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural
chemical
Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides
Clomazone
Ethalfluralin Halosulfuron
Fungicides Chlorothalonil
Copper hydroxide
Cymoxanil Famoxadone
Mancozeb
Propamocarb hydroch.
59
67 59
94
46
83 83
78
95
1.0
1.0 1.0
2.6
1.0
1.2 1.2
1.6
1.6
0.185
0.332 0.016
0.920
0.355
0.125 0.125
1.949
0.768
0.185
0.332 0.016
2.362
0.365
0.151 0.151
3.149
1.235
3,500
7,100 300
71,300
5,300
4,000 4,000
79,100
37,600 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 32,000.
16 CHEMICAL USAGE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Pumpkins: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides Clomazone
Ethalfluralin
Glyphosate iso. salt Halosulfuron
S-Metolachlor
Insecticides
Bifenthrin
Carbaryl Cyfluthrin
Esfenvalerate
Imidacloprid Lambda-cyhalothrin
Zeta-Cypermethrin
Fungicides
Azoxystrobin
Boscalid
Chlorothalonil
Copper hydroxide
Cymoxanil Famoxadone
Myclobutanil
Propamocarb hydroch. Pyraclostrobin
Thiophanate-methyl
Trifloxystrobin
44
29
18 14
28
11
10 1
21
2 7
2
19
13
74
51
20 20
21
12 16
20
7
1.0
1.0
1.0 1.0
1.0
2.9
2.0 1.4
2.0
1.2 2.4
2.7
1.4
1.2
2.6
2.8
1.4 1.4
2.0
1.5 1.8
1.6
2.1
0.301
1.010
1.044 0.032
1.036
0.044
0.989 0.041
0.034
0.152 0.022
0.018
0.138
0.011
1.260
0.559
0.123 0.123
0.080
0.665 0.053
0.230
0.083
0.303
1.020
1.044 0.032
1.036
0.127
1.962 0.059
0.070
0.187 0.052
0.048
0.196
0.014
3.272
1.589
0.175 0.175
0.159
0.992 0.095
0.359
0.176
1,000
2,200
1,400 ( 2 )
2,200
100
1,400 ( 2 )
100
( 2 ) ( 2 )
( 2 )
300
( 2 )
18,000
6,000
300 300
300
900 100
500
100 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 7,400. 2 Total applied was less than 50 lbs.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 CHEMICAL USAGE 17
Squash: Agricultural chemical applications, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 lbs
Herbicides Clethodim
Clomazone
Ethalfluralin Glyphosate iso. salt
Halosulfuron
S-Metolachlor
Insecticides
Carbaryl Cyfluthrin
Endosulfan
Esfenvalerate Imidacloprid
Lambda-cyhalothrin
Permethrin
Fungicides
Azoxystrobin
Boscalid
Chlorothalonil
Copper hydroxide Cymoxanil
Famoxadone
Myclobutanil Propamocarb hydroch.
Pyraclostrobin
Thiophanate-methyl
7
54
65 10
18
5
13 6
8
18 7
6
23
4
14
74
41 16
16
26 7
24
10
1.0
1.0
1.0 1.1
1.0
1.0
1.7 6.9
1.5
3.5 1.0
1.6
2.7
1.8
3.6
3.5
2.3 3.6
3.6
2.0 1.9
2.5
1.8
0.115
0.260
0.796 1.030
0.032
1.099
0.918 0.037
0.668
0.039 0.248
0.020
0.167
0.188
0.017
1.367
0.433 0.123
0.123
0.104 0.786
0.022
0.318
0.115
0.269
0.803 1.082
0.033
1.118
1.523 0.260
0.996
0.136 0.248
0.033
0.457
0.331
0.061
4.791
1.008 0.443
0.443
0.206 1.470
0.057
0.573
100
1,000
3,500 700
( 2 )
400
1,400 100
500
200 100
( 2 )
700
100
100
23,600
2,700 500
500
400 700
100
400 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 6,700 acres. 2 Total applied was less than 50 lbs.
Fertilizer applications: Corn, 2010 1
Fertilizer Symbol Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre Million pounds
Nitrogen
Phosphate Potash
Sulfur
N
P2O5 K2O
S
99
93 83
35
2.1
1.4 1.3
1.0
58
24 73
5
122
32 94
5
289
72 187
5 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 2.40 million acres.
18 CHEMICAL USAGE MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Agricultural chemical applications: Corn, 2010 1
Agricultural chemical
Area applied
Applications Rate per
application Rate per crop year
Total applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds
Herbicides: Acetochlor
Atrazine
Dimethenamid-P Glyphosate iso. Salt
Glyphosate Pot. Salt
Mesotrione S-Metolachlor
25
55
4 54
2
22 21
1.0
1.0
1.0 1.2
1.0
1.0 1.0
1.242
0.794
0.582 0.932
0.981
0.129 1.232
1.242
0.794
0.582 1.113
0.981
0.129 1.232
730
1,045
61 1,439
40
69 632
1 Planted acres in 2010 were 2.40 million acres.
Fertilizer applications: Fall potatoes, 2010 1
Fertilizer Symbol Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre Million pounds
Nitrogen
Phosphate
Potash
N
P2O5
K2O
100
98
100
4.4
1.7
2.1
44
46
91
195
80
196
8.6
3.5
8.6
1 Planted acres in 2010 were 44,000 acres.
Agricultural chemical applications: Fall potatoes 2010 1
Agricultural
chemical
Area
applied Applications
Rate per
application
Rate per
crop year
Total
applied
Percent Number Pounds per acre Pounds per acre 1,000 pounds
Herbicides
Linuron
Metribuzin Rimsulfuron
S-Metolachlor
Insecticides
Cyfluthrin
Esfenvalerate Imidacloprid
Phosmet
Fungicides
Azoxystrobin
Chlorothalonil Cymoxanil
Famoxadone
Manocozeb
Other chemicals
Diquat dibromide
67
35 42
41
55
28 78
3
11
83 39
39
60
67
1.0
1.0 1.5
1.0
1.5
1.6 1.2
1.1
1.8
5.6 1.6
1.6
3.3
1.6
0.598
0.139 0.019
1.243
0.027
0.031 0.091
0.716
0.105
0.791 0.114
0.114
1.219
0.371
0.598
0.139 0.028
1.243
0.040
0.049 0.109
0.780
0.191
4.417 0.182
0.182
4.019
0.582
18,000
2,000 1,000
22,000
1,000
1,000 4,000
1,000
1,000
162,000 3,000
3,000
107,000
17,000 1 Planted acres in 2010 were 44,000 acres.
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 CHEMICAL USAGE 19
Commercial fertilizer consumption: 2005-2009 1
Item Year ending June 30
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Short tons Short tons Short tons Short tons Short tons
Primary plant nutrients
Total N N in multi-nutrients
Total P2O5
P2O5 in multi-nutrients Total K2O
K2O in multi-nurtrients
Total plant nutrients Average analysis
Total nutrients in multi-nutrients
Selected single-nutrient materials
Ammonium nitrate
Anhydrous ammonia Nitrogen solutions
Urea
Ammonium sulfate Concentrated superphosphate
Potassium chloride
Multiple-nutrient fertilizers
N-P-K
N-P N-K
P-K
Leading multiple-nutrient grades
10-34-0
11-52-0 18-46-0
15-15-15
28-0-3
Fertilizer consumption by classes
Dry bulk single-nutrient Dry bagged single-nutrient
Fluid single-nutrient
Dry bulk multiple-nutrient Dry bagged multiple-nutrient
Fluid multiple-nutrient
Organics, secondary and micronutrients
Total
253,433 57,559
82,885
81,187 189,432
41,926
525,751 37.7
180,673
7,501
50,071 301,868
108,090
36,660 3,716
234,700
227,081
134,719 44,437
2,926
37,026
35,776 38,902
( 2 )
( 2 )
430,495 19,815
362,722
202,878 137,291
68,993
58,519
1,280,715
232,710 58,308
85,746
83,841 163,523
36,883
481,979 41.3
179,031
5,168
33,759 279,293
107,941
30,254 4,189
203,398
245,713
143,185 56,456
2,536
47,687
35,295 39,534
( 2 )
( 2 )
380,147 18,688
319,143
214,164 145,636
88,090
148,112
1,313,980
268,566 53,231
81,110
80,132 184,571
28,060
534,247 41.1
161,423
2,899
45,245 367,967
118,448
44,904 1,866
250,800
205,901
147,526 59,737
1,934
52,204
35,713 39,568
( 2 )
4,680
442,432 21,017
422,173
156,861 160,428
97,809
134,015
1,434,734
241,823 44,373
74,767
74,219 173,104
24,902
489,694 40.8
143,494
3,085
38,983 302,401
137,423
35,860 945
235,815
198,596
131,150 60,093
592
44,409
42,688 25,550
( 2 )
7,774
429,052 20,665
358,642
134,348 155,401
100,681
150,999
1,349,788
193,784 42,960
52,628
51,403 112,820
26,037
359,232 41.1
120,400
2,860
28,078 250,297
93,397
25,863 1,323
136,370
133,333
90,873 56,138
3,291
22,181
21,927 15,401
6,095
5,700
288,748 14,421
287,842
139,855 85,689
58,091
244,014
1,118,661
1 Source: The Association of American Plant Food Control Officials. 2 Grade not published.
20 FIELD CROPS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Field Crops
Growing Season Weather Summary Dr. Jeff Andresen, Michigan State University
The 2010 growing season was among the top 10 warmest on record
across Michigan and much of the Great Lakes region, leading to rapid
growth, development, and maturation of most crops. In Michigan, mean
temperatures for the winter season ranged from near normal across far
southern sections of the state to much above normal across the north.
Seasonal precipitation totals ranged from near normal across sections of
Upper Michigan to less than 50% of normal over much of the Lower
Peninsula. Off season soil moisture recharge was therefore somewhat
lower than normal.
The growing season got off to an early start given abnormally
warmer than normal weather during March and April. The warm
weather allowed spring fieldwork to begin much earlier than normal and
led to an early break of dormancy of most overwintering crops. Later in
April, an upper air pattern developed across North America that would
persist in several related forms for much of the late spring and summer
seasons: troughing across western sections of the continental USA with
broad ridging across central and eastern sections. This pattern led to
southwesterly flow aloft across Michigan and to warmer than normal
temperatures, and to a very active storm track across central sections of
the country. Mean temperatures for the months of May, June, July, and
August were all above normal, with departures generally ranging from
1-5 degrees F.
The active storm track led to unusually heavy rainfall to western and
central sections of the Corn Belt region through much of the growing
season. Records or near records for wettest summer season were set at
locations just to our west in Minnesota, Iowa, Illinois, and Wisconsin.
Some of this heavy precipitation fell as far eastward as Michigan during
the late spring and early summer, but was not as much of a problem as
would typically be the case due to the early completion of planting.
Rainfall totals in Michigan for the June-August period ranged from just
under 10 inches (near normal) in east central sections of the state to
more than 20 inches (more than 150% of normal) at some Upper
Peninsula locations. These totals are somewhat misleading, as much of
the precipitation fell during the month of June, with much less during
July and August. As a result, potential evapotranspiration rates during
July and August also remained at above normal levels with rapidly
declining soil moisture levels leading to the development of drought
stress symptoms during August.
During early September, the persistent jet stream pattern of much of
the growing season finally transformed into a troughing pattern across
Michigan and the Great Lakes region, leading to cooler than normal
temperatures and generally to continued below normal precipitation
totals. This weather combination favored early crop maturation, rapid
grain dry-down rates and progress of fall harvest activities, but also to
increasing levels of dryness and drought-related problems. Fortunately,
the most intense dryness occurred after most moisture-sensitive crop
growth stages. By the end of September, much of southern Lower
Michigan southward into the Ohio Valley was categorized as
‘abnormally dry’ or under ‘moderate to severe drought’ conditions.
Normally such dry conditions would favor early frost, but the first
killing frost/freeze of the fall season was 1-2 weeks later than normal
across most areas of the state, further extending an already full growing
season.
Overall for the 5-month May-September period, precipitation totals
ranged from much above normal levels across northern sections of the
state to below normal in southern sections. In contrast to the unusually
cool 2009 growing season, mean temperatures were consistently above
normal for much of the season. Growing degree day totals were also
much above normal totals, in some cases more than 20% greater than
normal. New records for greatest seasonal GDD accumulation were set
at a few southern locations in the state. The early start of the season and
the persistent warmth led to unusually rapid crop growth, development,
maturation and dry-down, saving most growers money in drying costs.
Field crops: Acres harvested and value of production, 2006-2010
Item Unit 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Acres harvested Value of production
1,000 acres 1,000 dollars
6,441 2,281,287
6,459 2,790,551
6,454 2,977,525
6,301 2,805,669
6,436 3,771,442
Grain storage capacity, December 1, 2006-2010
Year Off farm On farm
capacity Facilities Rated capacity
Number Million bushels Million bushels
2006 2007
2008
2009 2010
211 210
205
203 200
155 160
165
165 170
260 270
270
270 280
MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011 FIELD CROPS 21
Field crops: Record highs and lows
Crop Unit Record high Record low Year
estimates
started Quantity Year Quantity Year
Barley
Harvested acres Yield per acre
Production
Dry Edible beans Harvested acres
Yield per acre
Production Corn for grain
Harvested acres
Yield per acre Production
Corn for silage
Harvested acres Yield per acre
Production
Hay, alfalfa Harvested acres
Yield per acre
Production Hay, all
Harvested acres
Yield per acre Production
Oats
Harvested acres Yield per acre
Production
Potatoes Harvested acres
Yield per acre
Production Soybeans
Harvested acres
Yield per acre Production
Spearmint Harvested acres
Yield per acre
Production Sugarbeets
Harvested acres
Yield per acre Production
Wheat, winter
Harvested acres Yield per acre
Production
1,000 acres Bushels
1,000 bu
1,000 acres
Pounds
1,000 cwt
1,000 acres
Bushels 1,000 bu
1,000 acres Tons
1,000 tons
1,000 acres
Tons
1,000 tons
1,000 acres
Tons 1,000 tons
1,000 acres Bushels
1,000 bu
1,000 acres
Cwt
1,000 cwt
1,000 acres
Bushels 1,000 bu
1,000 acres
Pounds
1,000 lbs
1,000 acres
Tons 1,000 tons
1,000 acres Bushels
1,000 bu
303 68.0
8,400
690
2,100
8,585
2,800
150.0 315,000
498 18.5
5,565
1,444
4.2
5,040
2,947
3.8 5,743
1,658 70.0
69,388
374.0
360.0
23,256
2,130
46.0 91,540
8.7
70.0
280
147,000
28.7 3,903
1,515 73.0
48,990
1932 1985
1918
1930
1999
1963
1981
2010 2010
1971 2010
1977
1950
1993
1985,1986
1924
1993 1986
1918 2003
1946
1895
2009,2010
1904
2001
2006 2006
1954
2010
1948
2010
2008 2008
1953 2006
2008
10 13.5
460
130
396
780
480
21.5 15,120
210 4.7
1,542
74
1.1
118
780
0.6 1,014
55 18.5
3,080
36.4
26.0
3,557
1
8.0 10
0.7
20.0
27
48
5.5 298
400 10.5
7,350
2008,2010 1933
2008
2001
1916
2001
1866
1917 1869
2003 1930
1930
1919
1934
1919
1866
1895 1866
2001,2007,2009 1921
2007
1975
1887,1916
1876
1930
1927 1930
1935
1965
1996
1943,1953
1916 1943
1987 1912
1912
1866
1909
1866
1919
1919
1909
1866
1866
1924
1935
1909
1909
22 FIELD CROPS MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL STATISTICS 2010-2011
Barley Michigan barley growers planted 11,000 acres and harvested 10,000
acres in 2010. Total production was 540,000 bushels, down 4 percent
from 2009. The average yield increased by 3 bushels to 54 bushels per
acre. Barley planting began in April well ahead of the five-year average.
The crop had good early stands then decreased in condition during mid
growing season. The crop finished well and had a strong yield average.
Early planting directly led to early harvesting as most of the crop was
harvested by mid August.
Barley: Acres, yield, production, and value, 2006-2010
Year Planted Harvested Yield Production Price 1 Value of
production
1,000 acres 1,000 acres Bushels 1,000 bushels Dollars 1,000 dollars
2006
2007
2008 2009
2010
15
14
12 13
11