Michel Ragon. p.3 Aldo Rossi. - Virginia Tech · Aldo Rossi. The Architecture of the City, 1984. “for most of my life, i have substituted, without much sorrow, the company of the

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p.2

“Withthepassingofthecenturies,ideas,lawsandcustomschange.Cemeteriesshowtheir

historyaswellasanythingelse.”

ScipionePiattoli,Saggioattornoalluogodelseppellire(1774)

MichelRagon.TheSpaceofDeath,1983.

p.3

“Ideallocationforanewcemetery,partlyonthebasisthat“itsshrine,whichisgreatly

veneratedbythepeople,wouldgivethenewcemetery

acertainprestige,andwouldhelpforittobeconsideredequivalenttoburialinaparish

church.”“thecityisthecolletivememoryofitspeople”

AldoRossi.TheArchitectureoftheCity,1984.

“formostofmylife,ihavesubstituted,withoutmuchsorrow,thecompanyofthelivingwith

thelivingwiththatofthedead.”

PaoloGorini,Sullapurificazionedeimortipermezzodelfuoco.Considerazioni,sperimentie

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p.4

1.Yuanyangterracedfields,Yunnan,China.

(https://www.chinatours.com/travel-guide/kunming/attractions/yuanyang-terraced-

fields.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

2.SunCity,Arizona,USA.

(https://worldwideinterweb.com/birds-eye-view-of-cities-from-around-the-world/).

Modifiedbytheauthor.

3.NeufBrisach,France.



4.Barcelona,Catalonia,Spain.



5.FortBourtange(Dutch:VestingBourtange),Groningen,Netherlands.



6.AbuDhabi,UnitedArabEmirates.



7.TekesCounty,Xinjiang,China.



8.Valparaíso,Chile.



9.Venice,Italy.



10.Bern,Switzerland.



11.Amsterdam,TheNetherlands.



12.Dubai,UnitedArabEmirates.



13.CentralPark,NewYorkCity.



14.VaticanCity.



15.Dubrovnik.



16.GizaPyramids,Egypt.



17.Paris,France.



18.Athens,Greece.



19.Lucerne,Switzerland.



20.RiodeJaneiro,Brazil.



21.Caral-Chupacigarro,BarrancaProvince,Peru.



22.ChavíndeHuántar,Peru.



23.Lucerne,Switzerland

source:Theauthor’ssketch.

24.lake,Lucerne,Switzerland

source:Theauthor’sPhotography.

25.TheForbiddenCity,Beijing,China.



26.St.Peter’sSquareandSt.Peter’sBasilica,VaticanCity.



27.Como,Italy.

(https://www.google.com/maps/place/22100+Como,+Province+of+Como,+Italy/@45.8

005143,9.0153884,12z/data=!3m1!4b1!4m5!3m4!1s0x47869c481027ed63:0xb99b96af

785ff524!8m2!3d45.8080597!4d9.0851765).Modifiedbytheauthor.

p.9

“...anewerarchitecturehasmadeitsapperance,onethatcontinuestoemploythetoolsofthe

socialsciences,butalsoincludesthestudyofpsychologicalproblem-“theunknownhuman”in

histotality.Thelatterhasprovedthattheartofarchitecturecontinuestohaveinexhaustible

resourcesandmeanswhichflowdirectlyfromnatureandtheinexplicablereactionsofhuman

emotions.”

AlvarAalto.ArchitectureandFurniture,1938.

“Justaswedisplayourwealthbyacquiring,inthecity,ahouseofourown,soweconfirmthat

wealthbyprovidingourselves,inthenecropolis,withaposthumous,sumptuous,anddurable

house.”

EmileMagneLEsthétiquedesvilles,Paris,MercuredeFrance


“Andtomaketheleapfromlifetodeathlessabrupt,theinhabitantshaveconstructedan

identicalcopyoftheircity,underground.manysaythat

thishasnotjustnowbeguntohappen:ActuallyitwasthedeadwhobuilttheupperEusapia

intheimageoftheircity.theysaythatinthetwincitiesthereisnolongeranywayofknowing

whoisaliveandwhoisdead.”

ItaloCalvino.InvisibleCities,1978.

p.11

“Iofferyouleanstreets,desperatesunsets,themoonofthejaggedsuburbs.

Iofferyouthebitternessofamanwhohaslookedlongandlongatthelonelymoon.

Iofferyoutheloyaltyofamanwhohasneverbeenloyal.

Iofferyouthatkernelofmyselfthatihavesavedsomehow---thecentralheartthatdealsnot

inwords,

trafficsnotwithdreamsandisuntouchedbytime,byjoy,byadversities.

Icangiveyoumyloneliness,mydarkness,thehungerofmyheart;

Iamtryingtobribeyouwithuncertainty,withdanger,withdefeat”

JorgeluisBorges.TwoEnglishPoemstoAWoman,1934

28.Bologna,Certosacemetery,FilippoBuriani

HannahMalone.Architecture,DeathandNationhood—MonumentalCemeteruesof

Nineteenth-CenturyItaly,2017.

29.Brescia,monumentalcemetery,avenue



30.Brescia,monumentalcemetery,maincourt,1815



31.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery,


32.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery,SanVitodÀltivole.

(http://dressingtheair.com/sense/hearing/architecture/brion-vega-cemetery-74.htm).


33.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery,SanVitodÀltivole.

(https://www.google.com/search?q=Carlo+Scarpa,+Brion+family+cemetery&safe=activ

e&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwip--qX1-

TeAhUOHDQIHeVVAf4Q_AUIDigB).Modifiedbytheauthor.

34.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery,mainentrance


35.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery.

(https://archcritik.wordpress.com/2015/09/27/brion-cemetery-meditation-pavilion-

carlo-scarpa/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

36.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery


37.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery.Entrance


38.CarloScarpa,OlivettiShowroom.

(https://archidose.blogspot.com/2012/04/todays-archidose-578.html).Modifiedbythe

author.

39.CarloScarpa,Brionfamilycemetery.Stairs


40.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,Ottonetomb.



41.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,tombofGiuseppeMazzini.



42.GiovanniCampana,projectsubmittedtoConcorsoClementino,1795.



43.HelmutStriffer,ChurchofReconciliation.

KindBarkauskas,Kauhsen,Polonyi,Brandt.ConcreteConstructionManual,2002

44.LouisKahn,JonasSalkInstitute,LaJolla,California.


45.Familyhouseentrance,China.

WatercolordrawingbyTaoShihu

46.MarioBotta,detachedhouse,Ligornetto.


47.Ourscamp,viewofthechevetfromthewest.

CarolineBruzelius.TheStoneofNaples-ChurchbuildinginAngevinItaly1266-1343,

2004

48.Pisa,CampoSanto.1278.



49.Verona,monumentalcemetery,viewfromentrancetowardsmainchapel,Giuseppe

Barbieri.



p.11

“Iloveyouastheplantthatneverblooms,butcarriesinitselfthelightofhiddenflowers;

thankstoyourloveacertainsolidfragrance,

risenfromtheearth,livesdarklyinmybody.Iloveyouwithoutknowinghow,orwhen,or

fromwhere.Iloveyoustraightforwardly,withoutcomplexitiesorpride;soIloveyoubecause

Iknownootherwaythanthis:whereIdoesnotexist,noryou,soclosethatyourhandonmy

chestismyhand,soclosethatyoureyescloseasIfallasleep.”

PabloNeruda.TwentyLovePoemsandaSongofDespair,1993

TranslatedfromtheSpanishVeintepoemasdeamoryunacanciondesesperadabyW.S.

Merwin

50.AlexanderPope`sgardenatTwickenhamPlanof1745bySerle.

CarolineConstant.TheWoodlandCemetery:TowardaSpiritualLandscape,1994

51.Carmontelle,ParcMonceau,Paris,1779.


52.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,begun1844,expanded1870s.



53.Cemeterywatercolordrawing.

source:Theauthor’swatercolordrawing.

54.StephenSwitzer,“ForestorRuralGarden,”1728.


55.FromLeRouge,Nouveauxjardinsanglo-chinoisalamode,1776.


56.Versailles,Chateauandgardensin1714.


57.WoodlandCemeterygarden.


58.TheMingXiaolingMausoleum,Nanjing,China.

(www.news.cn).Modifiedbytheauthor.

59.GardenofViennaCentralCemetery.

(http://katborealis.com/2016/05/field-trip-zentralfriedhof-vienna/).Modifiedbythe

author.

60AldoRossiSanCataldocemetery


61.AldoRossiSanCataldocemetery




63.Venice,source:Theauthor’sPhotography.

p.11

“Itisatotalawarenessonman’spart;beholdingthesky,hesimultaneouslydiscoversthe

divineincommensurabilityandhisownsituationinthecosmos-paradigmaticworkofthe

gods-issoconstructedthatreligioussenseofthedivinetranscendenceisaroundbythevery

existenceofthesky”

MirceaEliade.TheSacredandTheProfane,1957

64.PeterBehrensHamburgHallTurinexhibitionofmoderndecorativeart1902.

(https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=2ahUK

EwiSgpLyneXeAhUmrlQKHcWTAh0Qjhx6BAgBEAM&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinte

rest.com%2Fpin%2F422142165045629580%2F&psig=AOvVaw0lG3rtw5xon0wmuRVC

H0j3&ust=1542881029269682).Modifiedbytheauthor.

65.Bitonto,SanFrancesco,baseanddecorationofwestportal.


2004

66.Brescia,monumentalcemetery,MonumentoaiProdiBresciani.


Nineteenth-CenturyItaly,2017

67Bonariacemetery,monumenttoAntoniettaToddePera,AmbrogioCeli.



68.Chineseearthenwaretombwatchtower.HanDynasty,1st-2dcenturyA.D.


69.Chineseglazedearthenwaretombfigureofalion.TangDynasty,early8thcenturyA.D..


70.Crepuscolo.

EugenioBattisti.MichelangelotheSculptor.1981

71.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,Celletomb,GiulioMonteverde.



72.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,tombofCarloErba,SantoSaccomanno.



73.Goya,disastersofwar.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Disasters_of_War).Modifiedbytheauthor.

74.Object,Watercolor.

source:watercolordrawingbyChenYongjin

75.LÀurora1.


76.LÀurora2.


77.Lànatomiastudiatissima,1.






80.LaNotte.


81.St.Peter’sBasilica,marbleangeldetailofHolywaterrecepticle.

(https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/holy-water-catholic-church.html?page=2).


82.Lastatuapiangenteraffiguralamusica.


83.Pontormo-DiluvioUniversale.

(http://www.carmignanodivino.prato.it/2017/11/gli-affreschi-di-san-lorenzo/).


84.TheTerracottaArmy,TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor,210–209BCE.

(http://www.china.org.cn/english/kuaixun/74862.htm).Modifiedbytheauthor.

85.TheTerracottaArmy,TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor,210–209BCE.

(http://www.china.org.cn/english/kuaixun/74862.htm).Modifiedbytheauthor.



87.TheSabineWomen,JacquesLouisDavid.

(https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1314013).Modifiedbytheauthor.

88.Refugees,ChiangChaoho.

(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%E6%B5%81%E6%B0%91%E5%9B%BE

%EF%BC%88%E8%92%8B%E5%85%86%E5%92%8C%EF%BC%89_Refugees_by_Chi

ang_Chao-ho_01.jpg).Modifiedbytheauthor.

89.Guernica,PabloPicasso.

(https://bracketsmackdown.com/guernica-high-resolution.html).Modifiedbythe

author.

90.Autumn,Shilu.

source:ChinesedrawingbyShilu

91.ChurchinSwitzerland


92.ArènesdeNîmes.

(https://www.canadianliving.com/life-and-relationships/culture-and-

entertainment/article/nimes-france-embracing-the-old-and-the-new).Modifiedbythe

author.

93.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,Pienovitomb,GiovanniBattistaVilla.



94.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,Pignonetomb,GiuseppeBenetti.



95.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,Rivaratomb.



p.23

“Thedeadhadnohousesoftheirown….theymightgoeverysaturdayandvisit

thehousewheretheirwindoworwidowerstilllivedwiththeirchildren.they

mighttemporarilyoccupytheiroldbedroom.”

EmmanuelLeRoyLadurie.Montaillpua,1975

96.Milan,Monumentalecemetery.



97.Naples.CemeteryoftheThreeHundredandSixty-SixGraves,reusablecoffin.



98.Brescia,monumentalcemetery,loculi,1819.



99.CarpetbyH.Brinton.

(https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo/brinton.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

100.Catalogueoffunerarycarriages,FrancescoBelloni.



101.ChapelofBones,Ever,Portugal.


102.Detournelle,cemetery,1800,sectionthroughthecommunalgrave.

DouglasDarden.CondemnedBuilding-AnArchitect’sPre-text,1993.

103.DouglasDarden,Clinicforsleepdisorders,westsection.


104.DouglasDarden,TempleForgetful,crosssectionthroughallegedoriginarywall.


105.DouglasDarden,TempleForgetful.


106.DouglasDarden,descenttoboatdockedininteriorcanal,patientdrawnupstream.


107.Gokstadship,Bygdoy(NO)approx,900AD.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gokstad_ship).Modifiedbytheauthor.

108.HameroscopiumHouse


109.Head.AlbinusonAnatomy,RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.

RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.AlbinusonAnatomy,1979.

110.Naples,CemeteryoftheThreeHundredandSixty-SixGraves,recreationofafuneral.



111.ParisCatacombs.


112.PartofacarpetdesignedbyLudwigGrunerforWindsorCastle.

(https://www.gutenberg.org/files/38539/38539-h/38539-h.htm).Modifiedbythe

author.

113.Rome,non-Catholiccemetery,expansion,1822.



114.TheBonesofBody,AlbinusonAnatomy,RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.


115.TheHand,AlbinusonAnatomy,RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.


116.TheVertebralColumn,AlbinusonAnatomy,RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.


117.Verona,monumentalcemetery,sketch,GiuseppeBarbieri,thetombofIppolito

Pindemonte.



118.Ugarit(Ras-Shamra),chambertomb,interior.syria.


119.Confuciusfamilycemetery,KongLin,China.

(http://www.sohu.com/a/270652575_700627).Modifiedbytheauthor.



121.Milan,Monumentalecemetery










126.CarloScarpa’stomb






p.26

“Inthedepthsoftheearth,Allcenturiesandallpeoples,then,arehiddenintheearth.theGaul

liesbesidetheRoman,andtheRomansleepsnexttotheBarbarian.”

AbbeCochet


129.aldorossisancataldocemetery,italy.

(http://www.anthonysilviodaulerio.com/rossi.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

130.aldorossisancataldocemetery,italy.

(https://cameronmcewan.wordpress.com/tag/aldo-rossi/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

131.Centerpillar,BasilicadaSagradaFamilia,Gaudi.

source:Theauthor’sphoto.

132.BasilicadaSagradaFamilia,Gaudi


133.CathedralMilano


134.cathedraloflightgermany.

(https://rarehistoricalphotos.com/nazi-rally-cathedral-light-c-1937/).Modifiedbythe

author.

135.CemeteryofMontpamasse,Paris,1829.

RichardA.Etlin.TheArchitectureofDeath,1984.

136.Chandbaoristepwellindia.

(https://www.inditales.com/chand-baori-stepwell-abhaneri/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

137.Chandbaoristepwellindia.

(https://www.atlasobscura.com/places/ancient-stepwells-india).Modifiedbythe

author.

138.ChavinPillar.

MaryWeismantel.Encounterswithdragons:ThestonesofChavín,2014

139.ClaudeNicolasLedoux,cemeteryofthecityofChaux.


140.Comocemetery,LuigiTatti`soriginaldesignof1840.



141.EtienneLouisBoullee,cenotaphofNewton.


142.Genoa,PalazzoSanGiorgio.

(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Genova-Palazzo_San_Giorgio-

DSCF7697.JPG).Modifiedbytheauthor.

143.GermanPavilion,LudwingMiesvanderRohe


144.Frontwall,AnHuihouse,China.

(https://www.canstockphoto.com/fine-carpentry-of-a-traditional-chinese-

24176430.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

145.JacquesDenisAntoine,cemetery,Paris.


146.Jean-FrancoisdeNeufforge,cemetery.


147.Jean-NicolasSobre,planforatempleofimmortality.




149.TheHand,AlbinusonAnatomy,RobertBeverlyHaleandTerenceCoyle.

PaulBarton.DetailinContemporaryStaircaseDesign,2014



151.Ledoux,churchwithcemeteryforChaux.


152.LlotjadelaSede,Valenciaperecompte.

source:Theauthor’sSketch.

153.MarioBotta,school.


154.MarioBotta,school


155.MaxBergCentennialHall.


156.Messina,GranCamposanto,famedio,LeoneSavoja,1872.



157.Milan,alteredversionofcemeteryproject,AlessandroSidoli.



158.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,proposaltorotateplan,GiuseppePestagalli.



159.MonteSantÀngelo,baseofthetower.


2004

160.MonteSantÀngelo,viewoftheAngevinstairwaytothegrotto.


2004

161.Moreau,cemetery,Paris.


162.Naples,CemeteryoftheThreeHundredandSixty-SixGraves,FerdinandoFuga,1762.



p.27

163.AlcazarSecile


164.CanFramisMuseum,JordiBadia


165.CathedralofSt.Denis


166.CemeteryIslandVenice,SanMichele.

(http://maps.venicexplorer.net/sm/smichele.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

167.MonasteryLaTourette,LeCorbusier


168.Naples,planofSantaChiara


2004

169.Naples,SanLorenzoMaggiore,piersofthehemicycle.


2004

170.Naples,SanPietroaMaiella,rightchapeloftherighttranseptarm.


2004

171.NotreDameDuHautRonchamp,MonasteryLaTourette,LeCorbusier


172.NotreDameDuHautRonchamp,MonasteryLaTourette,LeCorbusier.


173.Pierre-JulesDelepine,tombinhonorofNewton.


174.Pierre-LeonardFontaine,cenotaphintheformofapyramid.


175.porticatodellacappellade`pazzie.

(https://www.tripadvisor.it/LocationPhotoDirectLink-g187895-d195013-i169493925-

Pazzi_Chapel-Florence_Tuscany.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

176.Portico,FerdinandoCanonici.



177.Redentone,Venice,AndreaPattadio


178.St.Peter’schurchandSquare


179.Cemeterystaircase

source:Theauthor’swatercolorstudy.

180.ThermalBath,PeterZumthor


181.Trajan’sMarket,Rome


182.Verona,monumentalcemetery,GiuseppeBarbieri.



183.MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor,Xian,China.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausoleum_of_the_First_Qin_Emperor).Modifiedbythe

author.

184.MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor.

(https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mausoleum_of_the_First_Qin_Emperor).Modifiedbythe

author.









189.HannesMeyer’splanforthesotsgorodNizhne-Kurinsk1932.

(https://thecharnelhouse.org/2013/05/30/hannes-meyer-and-the-red-bauhaus-

brigade-in-the-soviet-union-1930-1937/hannes-meyers-plan-for-the-sotsgorod-nizhne-

kurinsk-1932-2/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

190.MuseodiCastelvecchio,CarloScarpa,Verona


191.MuseodiCastelvecchiostaircase,CarloScarpa,Verona


192.OldJewishcemeterybesidesAldoRossi’sSanCataldocemetery


193.OldJewishcemeterybesidesAldoRossi’sSanCataldocemetery


194.Salkinstituteforbiologicalstudies.planlouiskahnFloorPlan.

(http://wien2025.info/?p=881).Modifiedbytheauthor.

195.Trantheportuguese,Braque.

(https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/art-1010/early-

abstraction/cubism/a/braque-the-portuguese).Modifiedbytheauthor.

196.Williamr.cannonchapel.plan,PaulRudolph.

(https://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncw/f/barnesj2005-1.pdf).Modifiedbytheauthor.

197.WoodlandCemetery.


p.41

“ThegreatepochoftheSpiritual,whichisalreadybeginning,or,inembryonicform,began

alreadyyesterday,…providesandwillprovidethesoilinwhichakindofmonumentalworkof

artmustcometofruition.Thespirituallife,…inwhichartisoneofthemostpowerfulagents,

isacomplexbutdefinitemovementforwardandupward—aprogress,moreover,thatcanbe

translatedintosimpleterms.thisprogressistheprogressofknowledge.”

WassilyKandinsky.ConcerningtheSpiritualinArt,1910

p.42

“Sobuildthenthetempleondeath’sground!Notasahouseofthedead,enormousand

desolate,butasalife’svowtothedead..”

VernerVonHeidenstam’spoetryDeathStranding

(https://www.reddit.com/r/DeathStranding/comments/5q39vd/swedish_poetry_translati

on/).

198.AbbeyofThoronet


199.BrionCemetery,CarloScarpa.

(http://stoffeldesign.blogspot.com/2015/02/carlo-scarpa-brion-tomb.html).Modified

bytheauthor.

200.CasadelFascio,Como,GiuseppeTerragni


201.ChurchofSanGiovannibarrista,achapelmungo,MarioBotta


202.FondationBeyeler,RenzoPiano


203.Genoa,Staglienocemetery,famedio,GiovanniBattistaResasco.



204.GottfriedBohm,Pilgrimagechurch.


205.Great(Bamboo)WallHouse,Badaling(CN)2002,KengoKuma&Associates.

MarceloVillegas.NewBambooArchitectureAndDesign,2003

206.CathedralAlbi


207.CemeteryIslandVenice,SanMichele.

source:Theauthor’sphotograph.

208.Leutschenbachschool,ChristianKerez,Zurich


209.louiskahn,hurvasynagogueunbuilt.

(http://architectuul.com/architecture/hurva-synagogue).Modifiedbytheauthor.

210.louiskahn,nationalassemblybangladeshdesignmuseum.

(https://whyy.org/articles/after-traveling-world-louis-kahn-exhibit-ends-in-the-city-

where-the-architect-began/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

211.louiskahn,nationalassemblybangladesh.

(https://whyy.org/articles/after-traveling-world-louis-kahn-exhibit-ends-in-the-city-

where-the-architect-began/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

212.PabellónPomoneparalasgaleríasAuBonMarché,deLouisHippolyteBoileau.

(https://www.urbipedia.org/hoja/Louis_Hippolyte_Boileau).Modifiedbytheauthor.

213.Media-Tic,EnriqueRuizGeli


214.Messina,GranCamposanto,mainchapel,LeoneSavoja.



215.MilanCathedral.


216.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,famedio,CarloMaciachini.



217.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,famedio,interior.



218.Naples,SantÈligio.

CarolineBruzelius.TheStoneofNaples-ChurchbuildinginAngevinItaly1266-1343,2004

219.Nicolas-HenriJardin,squarewithsepulchralchapel,Rome.


220.OperaLyon,JeanNouvel


221.PeterBehrens,CrematoriuminHagen-Delstern.

(https://smarthistory.org/van-alen-the-chrysler-building/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

222.Peterzumthorstbenedictchape


223.Peterzumthorstbenedictchapel.


224.Peterzumthorstbenedictchapel,source:Theauthor’sPhotography.


225.Pisabaptistryofstjohnitaly.

(https://www.gettyimages.no/detail/news-photo/baptistery-of-saint-john-news-

photo/545049217).Modifiedbytheauthor.

226.RomanExcavationShelters,PeterZumthor


227.Rome,MausoleumofAugustusincentre,reconstructedview.


p.43

228.RudolfSteiner,GoetheanuminDornach


229.RudolfSteiner,GoetheanuminDornach


230.RudolfSteiner,GoetheanuminDornach.


231.SantaMarioDegliAngeliChapel,MarioBotta


232.ShrineofremembranceaustraliaDedicationceremony,ShrineofRemembrance,1934.

(https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Dedication_ceremony,_Shrine_of_Remembra

nce,_1934.jpg).Modifiedbytheauthor.

233.TAJMAHAL.

(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=44rTTLjZZz4).Modifiedbytheauthor.

234.Veranocemetery,mainchapel,1860.



235.Villaadrianativoliplan.

SarahE.Lawrence.PiranesiasDesigner,2007

236.VillaRotonda,Vienza


237.WoodlandCemeterychapel.


238.ZentralfriedhofCentralCemetery.

(http://www.significantcemeteries.org/2011/11/zentralfiredhof-central-cemetery-

vienna.html).Modifiedbytheauthor.

239.TempleofHeaven,Beijing,China.

(https://www.chinadiscovery.com/beijing/temple-of-heaven.html).Modifiedbythe

author.

240.Familytempleinlingnan,China.

(https://www.chinadiscovery.com/beijing/Family-temple-in-lingnan.html).Modifiedby

theauthor.

241.CarloScarpa,ChapelofBrionfamilycemetery,SanVitodÀltivole.




243.FranzFueg,St.PiusChurch.




245.AldoRossi,SanCataldocemetery






248.ImaginationofMemorialhall

source:Theauthor’sColorpencildrawing.


source:Theauthor’spencildrawing.

250.ConerChapelofForbiddenCity,Beijing,China

source:Theauthor’sWatercolor.

251.Atraditionalchinesegirlpreyinachapel

source:Theauthor’sWatercolor.


source:Theauthor’sColorpencildrawing.

p.47

“Whatistobedonewiththecorpse?

1.cannibalism.2.dolmensandotherstonemonuments.3.exposuretowildanimalsand

birdsofprey.4.burialunderpilesofstone.5.inacave.6.inahouse.7.immersioninwater.

8.inatree.9.onaplatform.10inanurn.11.inacontractedposition.12.inaniche.13.

concealedburial,eliminatinganyexternalmark.”


p.48

“Sobuildthenthetempleondeath’sground!Notasahouseofthedead,enormousand

desolate,butasalife’svowtothedead..”

VernerVonHeidenstam


253.Alvaraalto,riolachurch.


254.Axelschuletestreptowkrematoriumgermany.


255.BarcelonaForum,Herzog&DeMeuron


256.LeCorbusier,firminyfrance.

(https://www.archdaily.com/108054/ad-classics-church-at-firminy-le-corbusier).


257.Despradellebeaconofprogressunbuilt.

(https://www.urbanghostsmedia.com/2017/02/visionary-architecture-unbuilt-

structures/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

258.Eduardochillida,mounttindayamonumentafrica.

(https://quintessentialruminations.wordpress.com/2011/05/02/footprints-on-the-

sands-of-time/).Modifiedbytheauthor.

259.Pantheon


260.Shrineofremembranceaustralia1934.

(https://www.thecultureconcept.com/shrine-of-remembrance-melbourne-sacrifice-

and-nobility).Modifiedbytheauthor.

261.Peterzumthor,brudergermany.

(http://ideasgn.com/architecture/bruder-klaus-kapelle-peter-

zumthor/attachment/bruder-klaus-kapelle-by-peter-zumthor-6/).Modifiedbythe

author.

262.Peterzumthor,brudergermany.

(http://ideasgn.com/architecture/bruder-klaus-kapelle-peter-

zumthor/attachment/bruder-klaus-kapelle-by-peter-zumthor-6/).Modifiedbythe

author.

263.MingXiaolingMausoleum,Nanjing,China.

(https://www.chinadiscovery.com/beijing/Ming-Xiaoling-Mausoleum.html).Modified

bytheauthor.

264.PyramidofCaiusCestius,Rome.


265.EtienneLouisBoullee,cenotaphintheEgyptianmanner.


266.EtienneLouisBoullee,cenotaphtoTurenne.


267.FischervonErlach,“MoerisPyramids”.


268.FischervonErlach,“ThebanPyramids”.


269.Fuzhoujinshansi,China.

https://www.chinadiscovery.com/beijing/Fuzhou-Jinshansi.html).Modifiedbythe

author.

270.Gay,cenotaphtoSirIsaacNewton,prixdemulation.


271.EGay,cenotaphtoSirIsaacNewton,prixdemulation.


272.J.B.FischervonErlach,”EgyptianPyramids”.


273.Jean-JacquesLequeu,Monumenttobravecitizenswhohavediedforthenation.


274.Jornutzonmodelofbagsvaerdchurchdenmark.

(https://www.archdaily.com.br/br/793763/analisando-o-manual-of-section-o-

desenho-arquitetonico-mais-intrigante/57b42adfe58ece8ae3000193-studying-the-

manual-of-section-architectures-most-intriguing-drawing-photo).Modifiedbythe

author.

275.Lodi,Riolocemetery,crematorium,originaldesign,PaoloGorini.



276.MilanMonumentalecemetery,crematorium,originaldesign,CarloMaciachini.



277.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,Brunifamilytomb,AngeliCollaandGiulioMonteverde.



278.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,crematoriumfacade,CarloMaciachini.



279.Milan,Monumentalecemetery,crematoriuminterior.



280.Nietosobejanocontemporaryartcentrespain.


281.Okk&AcadesApartments,Barth&Deplazes


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