NEW DEVICES & SENSOR NETWORKSTRAVIS STAHL

MATT GROVE

MICHAEL PETERSON

Purpose

•Understand Emerging Technologies and

Devices, Wireless Sensor Networks and the

Internet of Things, as well as their applications

for International Development

Agenda•Emerging Technology and Devices

•Wireless Sensor Networks

• Internet of Things

•Development Applications

Emerging Technology and Devices

• Impact on International Development

• New devices

• Challenges and Obstacles

Emerging Technology and Devices

Activity

Important Products in 1990 (20 CMU students)

- Fax (13) Obsolete? - Cellular Phones (4) Mainstream

- CD Technology (9) Obsolete? - Digital Scanners (4) Mainstream

- VCR (6) Obsolete

- Camcorder (6) Obsolete

- Walkman (4) Obsolete

- Post-it Notes (4) Mainstream

Source: Bourne, David. Product Design Lecture 3. 2017.

Important Products in 2011 ( 47 CMU Students)

- Smart Phones (39) - Netflix (9)

- Social Networks (31) - Flash Storage (7)

- Hybrid Car (16) - Digital Photography (6)

- Google (13)

- Youtube (11)

- Kindle (10)

Source: Bourne, David. Product Design Lecture 3. 2

Project LoonWhat is Project Loon?

- Connection - High speed internet is transmitted up to the nearest balloon from our

telecommunications partner on the ground, relayed across the balloon network, and then back down to users on the ground.

- Equipment - The essential components of a cell tower and redesigned them to be light enough and

durable enough to be carried by a balloon to the stratosphere. - Highly energy-efficient and is powered entirely by renewable energy - with solar panels

powering daytime operations and charging a battery for use during the night.

Project Loon

- Flight - Autolaunchers are capable of launching a balloon every 30 minutes. The

record breaking balloon has lasted in the stratosphere for 190 days.

- Recovery - Every balloon is track is tracked using GPS, coordinating directly with air traffic

control to assure a safe descent. Equipment is collected for reuse and recycle.

How it works

Facebook Drone

Facebook Drone

Challenges and Obstacles

Results in Puerto Rico

• FCC granted an experimental license to fly in Puerto Rico after

Hurricane Maria

• Partnered with AT&T and T-Mobile after to provide internet access to

people in Puerto Rico with LTE enabled phones

• Project Loon claims to have provided “basic internet service to tens

of thousands of people in Puerto Rico”

Wireless Sensor Networks

•Nodes/Motes

•Architecture

•Connectivity

•Activity

•Advantages

•Limitations

WSN Nodes (Motes)

WSN Architectures

•Star

•Tree

•Mesh

•Hybrid

WSN Connectivity

WSN Activity1. Each person is a node

2. Eyes are your sensors - No talking!

3. Your range is limited to one node in any direction

4. Stay in your seats

Questions?

WSN Activity1. What was the architecture of this network?

2. What types information was communicated?

3. What were some advantages of this network?

4. What were some limitations of this network?

WSN Advantages & Limitations

Advantages:

• Low Cost

• Energy Efficient

• Self-directed

• Self-organizing

• Scalable

Disadvantages:

• Range

• Throughput

• Latency

• Lifespan

WSN Development Applications

Monitoring• Environmental• Agriculture• Health• Disaster• Infrastructure

Control (requires actuators)

WSN Case: Rainforest Connection

IoT

“A global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies”

(Recommendation ITU-T Y.2060)

IoT: Definition

The internet of things is a system of connections that allows for communication

and action.~Michael~

IoT: Definition

How many IoT connected devices will there be by 2020?

A) 2.1 Billion

B) 25 Billion

C) 40.9 Billion

D) 50 Billion

IoT: Multiple Choice

How many IoT connected devices will there be by 2020?

A) 2.1 Billion (Analysys Mason)

B) 26 Billion (Gartner)

C) 40.9 Billion (ABI Research)

D) 50 Billion (Ericsson/Hamilton Project)

IoT: Multiple Choice

People to People (P2P)

Machines to People (M2P)

Machine to Machine (M2M)

P2P

M2MM2P

IoT

IoT: Communication Types

ibmcai.com

IoT: Big Data

IoT: Services

IoT: Products

IoT: Growing Industry

$10 Billion $70 Billion

10-20% Growth

40-50% Growth

Hardware Services

IoT: Why Now?

IoT: Challenges

What challenges exist for IoT implementation?

What other technologies have we talked about that may be able to be used alongside IoT?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R706isyDrqI

IoT: Policy Concerns

1. What privacy concerns exist? Are they worth the trade off?

2. What shouldn’t we connect? Why?

IoT: ICT4D Perspective

IoT: ICT4D Agriculture

Who: Kilimo Salama (Safe Agriculture)

What: Agricultural Insurance

How: Using smart weather stations & M-Pesa

IoT: ICT4D Health

Who: Rhythm Diagnostic Systems

What: “Smart Bandaid”

How: Using sensors and bluetooth to monitor baseline health

IoT: ICT4D Infrastructure

Who: Lumkani (“Be Safe”)

What: Early fire detection system

How: Using networked heat sensors, bluetooth, and sms messaging

“These devices constantly check the health of the system and in the event of fire, store GPS coordinates and simultaneously send text-message warnings to members of the affected community. Our next phase is to send, in real-time, the coordinates of fires to the municipality’s emergency response personnel”

IoT: ICT4D Challenges

What challenges exist for IoT solutions in developing countries?

How are these challenges similar or different to the challenges presented by IoT in developed countries?

REFERENCES• Zennaro, Marco. Wireless Sensor Networks for Development: Potentials and Open Issues. Diss. KTH, 2010.

• "Wireless Sensor Networks: Tutorial by Pedro Silva Girao." IEEE.tv. Accessed November 13, 2017.

https://ieeetv.ieee.org/educational_activities/wireless-sensor-networks-tutorial-by-pedro-silva-girao.

• Garrity, John. "Harnessing the Internet of Things for Global Development." SSRN Electronic Journal, 2015. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2588129.

https://www.itu.int/en/action/broadband/Documents/Harnessing-IoT-Global-Development.pdf

• Vota, Wayan. "Are You Ready for the Sensor Revolution in International Development?" YouTube. January 20, 2016. Accessed November 13,

2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FsRY5hOBoPI

• “What Is a Wireless Sensor Network?” What Is a Wireless Sensor Network? - National Instruments, www.ni.com/white-paper/7142/en/

• Deawoo Kim, Ph.D Student at Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) Follow. “Wireless sensor network.” LinkedIn

SlideShare, 19 Jan. 2015, www.slideshare.net/deawooKim/wireless-sensor-network-43647981.

• Dargie, Waltenegus, and Marco Zimmerling. "Wireless sensor networks in the context of developing countrie4): 1-6.s." IFIP World IT Forum

(WITFOR). 2007.

• Katikala, Soujanya. "Google™ Project Loon." InSight: Rivier Academic Journal 10.2 (2014)

• Tree, Star. "Wireless sensor networks." Self 1.R2 (2014): C0.

• “Balloon-Powered Internet for Everyone.” Project Loon, x.company/loon/. (2107)

• Yinbiao, Shu, et al. "Internet of things: wireless sensor networks." White Paper, International Electrotechnical Commission, http://www. iec. ch

(2014).

• Simonite, Tom. “Google's Loon Balloons Are Ready to Deliver Cheap Internet.” MIT Technology Review, MIT Technology Review, 8 July 2015, www.technologyreview.com/s/534986/project-loon/.

• “Meet futurist and IoT blogger Bill Chamberlin.” IBM Center for Applied Insights, 20 Jan. 2016, ibmcai.com/2015/12/16/meet-futurist-and-iot-blogger-bill-chamberlin/.

• “Google Cloud IoT - Fully managed IoT services from Google | Google Cloud Platform.” Google, Google, cloud.google.com/solutions/iot/.• “LUMKANI.” LUMKANI, lumkani.com/. (2017)• “Breakthrough MultiSense™ Technology!” Rhythm Diagnostic Systems, Inc., rhythmdiagnosticsystems.com/.• “About Kilimo Salama.” Kilimo Salama, 4 Mar. 2010, kilimosalama.wordpress.com/about/.• Bourne, David. Strategic Technology for Revitalizing Business Course, Product Design Lecture 3.. Carnegie Mellon University. 2017.