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the role of STI policies in sustainable development of MICs: implications for the post-2015 development agenda. Michael Lim Policy Review Section Science, Technology and ICT Branch UNCTAD-DTL Minsk - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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the role of STI policies in sustainable development of
MICs: implications for the post-2015 development
agendaMichael Lim
Policy Review Section Science, Technology and ICT Branch
UNCTAD-DTL
MinskRegional Conference on the middle–income countries
perspective on sustainable development in CIS, Eastern and Southern Europe
16 May 2013
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Outline
• STI and innovation capacity • National and global challanges• MICs and middle-income trap• Current development agenda• Post-2015 development agenda • Conclusions
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Innovative Capabilities and Income
(from UNCTAD LDCR 2007)Real per capita income and innovative capabilities, 2001
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Why STI is important
• Building strong STI capabilities, accessing foreign technologies and building strong national systems of innovation are important for:
-economic growth-social welfare-environmental challenges
(sustainability)-economic development
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STI applications: many
-improving productivity-increasing value added -diversifying production-mitigating/adapting to climate change-developing and diffusing new energy sources-building infrastructure-conserving water in agriculture-improving public services (health, education)-addressing disease epidemics-organizing mega-cities (smart urban planning, sustainable cities)-early warning systems for natural disasters (tsunamis, hurricanes)-adapting buildings for earthquake prone zones-slowing desertification etc.
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National and global challenges
• International competitiveness • Growth and employment (inclusive growth)• Natural resource sustainability (sustainable
development) • Food security – food crises, malnutrition,
starvation• Climate change• Energy security – fossil fuels and RETs• Water security • Natural resource depletion• Malthusian trap?
MICs: Middle Income trap?• Cannot compete on low cost
production• Must compete based on innovation• Must build STI base, innovation
capabilities, access technologies• Diversify into more skill- and
knowledge-intensive production activities, increase value added
• Requires STI policy action as part of development policy agenda
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Current MDGs inadequate
• STI central to achieving many MDGs or development goals
• Eg. poverty (jobs-production nexus), hunger (agriculture-food-income nexus)
• BUT…MDGs barely mention STI
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Post 2015 development agenda implications
• STI must be fully integrated into DA• Include technological learning, innovation
capacity, access to technologies• Structural economic change also
important in DA, as well as social development and sustainability
• Science, technology and innovation must be harnessed for sustainable development
• Process of development and specific goals both important
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Conclusion• Many development challenges; STI
badly needed in solutions• Innovation capacity key for MICs to
escape middle-income trap• STI must be better integrated into post-
2015 DA• Need discussion on how best to achieve
this• Processes of developemnt important –
also, how to specify goals
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