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Metrics and Significant Metrics and Significant Figures ActivityFigures Activity
First we will examine the metric First we will examine the metric system then use significant figures system then use significant figures
to make measurements and do to make measurements and do calculationscalculations
The Metric System The Metric System Mass is measured in Mass is measured in
grams grams Length or distance is Length or distance is
measured in metersmeasured in meters Volume or capacity is Volume or capacity is
measured in liters measured in liters Time is measured in Time is measured in
seconds seconds Energy is measured in Energy is measured in
JoulesJoules Temperature is measured Temperature is measured
in Kelvin (not degrees)in Kelvin (not degrees) Quantity is measured in Quantity is measured in
molesmoles
The Liter (L) The Liter (L)
A liter is slightly A liter is slightly smaller than a smaller than a quartquart
A gallon is roughly A gallon is roughly 4 times larger than 4 times larger than a litera liter
The Meter (m)The Meter (m)
The meter is The meter is slightly longer than slightly longer than a yarda yard
1 inch = 2.54 cm 1 inch = 2.54 cm (this is the only (this is the only English to metric English to metric conversion you conversion you must knowmust know
Gram (g)Gram (g)
A gram’s mass is A gram’s mass is approximately the approximately the mass of 2 mass of 2 paperclips. paperclips.
Many medicines Many medicines are massed by are massed by their active their active ingredients in ingredients in grams or parts of a grams or parts of a gram. gram.
English to Metric ComparisonsEnglish to Metric Comparisons
Which is larger? Which is larger?
1.1. Meter or yardMeter or yard
2.2. Mile or KilometerMile or Kilometer
3.3. Gallon or literGallon or liter
4.4. Pound or gramPound or gram
5.5. Quart or literQuart or liter
6.6. Centimeter or Centimeter or inchinch
7.7. Gram or ounceGram or ounce
What is the What is the abbreviation for abbreviation for each unit? each unit?
1.1. Meter = _____Meter = _____
2.2. Gram = _____Gram = _____
3.3. Liter = ______Liter = ______
4.4. Second = ______Second = ______
5.5. Joule = _______Joule = _______
6.6. Mole = _______Mole = _______
Metric AbbreviationsMetric Abbreviations
The BASE units for the metric system are The BASE units for the metric system are gram, liter, meter, second, Kelvin, Joule and gram, liter, meter, second, Kelvin, Joule and mole.mole.
There are larger and smaller portions of There are larger and smaller portions of each of theseeach of these
Their abbreviations come in front of the Their abbreviations come in front of the unit’s abbreviation (ex. Centimeter = cm) unit’s abbreviation (ex. Centimeter = cm)
Larger and Smaller PrefixesLarger and Smaller Prefixes
LargerLarger 1 billion = GIGA (G)1 billion = GIGA (G) 1 million = MEGA 1 million = MEGA
(M)(M) 1,000 = kilo (k)1,000 = kilo (k) 100 = hecto (h)100 = hecto (h) 10 = deca (D, dk, 10 = deca (D, dk,
or da)or da)
SmallerSmaller 1trillion = pico (p)1trillion = pico (p) 1 billion = nano (n)1 billion = nano (n) 1 million = micro 1 million = micro
(()) 1,000 = milli (m)1,000 = milli (m) 100 = centi (c )100 = centi (c ) 10 = deci (d)10 = deci (d)
Match the abbreviation with the Match the abbreviation with the namename
1.1. Cm = ________Cm = ________
2.2. mg = ________mg = ________
3.3. ML = ________ML = ________
4.4. Gg = ________Gg = ________
5.5. s = ________s = ________
6.6. km = _______km = _______
7.7. mL = _______mL = _______
8.8. kJ = ________kJ = ________
9.9. mm= _______mm= _______
10.10. Dg = _______Dg = _______
1.1. CentimeterCentimeter
2.2. MilligramMilligram
3.3. MegaliterMegaliter
4.4. GigagramGigagram
5.5. MicrosecondMicrosecond
6.6. KilometerKilometer
7.7. MilliliterMilliliter
8.8. KilojouleKilojoule
9.9. MillimeterMillimeter
10.10. decagramdecagram
ConversionsConversions
KiloKilo HectHectoo
DecaDeca UNITUNIT DeciDeci CentiCenti MilliMilli
1.01.0
100100
3.093.09
25942594
73.673.600
0.000760.0007655
0.760.7633
730638730638
8430843000
ConversionsConversions
GG MM kk hh DD unitunit dd cc mm nn pp1.01.0
3.93.91x10-1x10-99
7x 7x 101066
403403
7.67.622
2727
848848
626626
What digit would be estimated in using this ruler?
A. Ones
B. Tenths
C. Hundredths
D. Thousandths
E. Tens
What decimal place is estimated when using this ruler?
A. Ones D. Thousandths
B. Tenths E. Tens
C. Hundredths
Measure the width of the rectangle using the correct
number of sig figs.
A. 3. 75 cm D. 3.60 cm
B. 3.6 cm E. 4.25 cm
C. 2. 6 cm
Measure the length of the rectangle using the correct
number of sig figs.
A. 12.55 cm C. 12.0 cm E. 13.50 cm
B. 12. 5 cm D. 13. 5 cm
How many sig figs should be in the correct measurement of the length
of this rectangle?
A. 2 sig figs C. 4 sig figs E. 1 sig fig
B. 3 sig figs D. 5 sig figs
The width of this rectangle is 0.90 cm. How many significant figures are in this
measurement?
A. 3 sig figs D. infinite sig figs
B. 2 sig figs E. none of the above
C. 1 sig fig
Multiplication and Division with Sig Figs
• The least number of sig figs in the input is equal to the number of sig figs in the answer (output).
• Remember all conversion factors and counted numbers have INFINITE sig figs!
• Example: 8.00 g x 4.0 cm3/g = ?
• 8.0 cm3
Addition and Subtraction with Sig Figs
• The least number of decimal places in the input is the same number of decimal places in the output (answer).
• 12.573 m + 3847.9 m - 378 m = ?
• 3482.473 (unrounded)
• 3482 rounded to the correct number of decimal places