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Methodology:
The annual District Needs Analysis is an assessment of statistical information for
Cannock Chase which examines and highlights key social, environmental
and economic issues in the District. The report forms a broad analysis of the
most statistically significant socioeconomic issues affecting the District and
cannot therefore provide a comprehensive insight into all subjects or themes.
The data featured in this report has been drawn from a combination of both
local and national sources including those produced by Staffordshire County
Council and the Office for National Statistics (ONS). There may be statistical
differences between data sources due to statistics being generated from
varying sources and consequent variations in the way that analysts have
aggregated averages from within local or national contexts. In approaching
statistics presented in this report, it is important to note that sources,
particularly those relating to lower-level geographical areas or small counts of
people, may present suppressed data scores to protect individual identity.
Disclaimer Statement:
This document has been produced by Cannock Chase Council. If you wish to
reproduce any part of this document, please acknowledge the source. All
data featured in this document has been accredited to a source which
should be acknowledged when reproduced in any form. Information about
sources given in this document is intended to direct users to the relevant data
as published in online resources by organisations such as the Office for
National Statistics. Please consult the original source for information about the
use of statistics which they publish before reproducing any of the data
featured in this document.
All of the statistical information included in this document was current at the
time of writing in July 2014. However, due to the frequently changing nature
of statistical information, this report is not intended to serve as a definitive
position statement for the District and it is important to note that some data
will have been revised since publication. Cannock Chase Council, while
believing the information in this document to be correct at time of
publication, does not guarantee its accuracy nor does the Council accept
any liability for any direct or indirect loss or damage or other consequences,
however arising from the use of such information supplied.
3
Contents:
People: Active and Healthy Lifestyles
Population 5
Population Projections for Cannock Chase, 2037 6
Population Projections for Cannock Chase CCG, 2037 7
Workday Population 8
Workplace Population 9
Life Expectancy 12
Health Conditions 17
Stroke 17
Diabetes 17
Asthma 18
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure) 18
Mental Health and Dementia 19
Deprivation 20
Employment and Health in Households
with Dependent Children 20
Fuel Poverty 20
Food Banks 21
Health Inequality 21
Disability Living Allowance 21
Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)/
Incapacity Benefits 22
Employment and Long-Term Conditions 24
Lifestyle 25
Physical Activity 25
Obesity 27
Smoking and Alcohol 29
Place: Improved Living Environment
Waste and Recycling 31
Living Environment 31
Urban/Rural Classification 31
Brownfield/Greenfield Development 32
Air Quality 33
Climate Change 34
4
Housing 35
Housing Requirements 35
Housing Market 36
Housing Affordability 39
Community Safety 40
Prosperity: Economic Resilience
Educational Attainment 43
Disadvantage and Educational Attainment 45
School Performance 49
Adult Skills 50
Occupation and Earnings 51
Young People not in Employment,
Education or Training (NEET) 56
Unemployment 57
Youth Unemployment 59
Economic Growth and Resilience 61
Transport and Commuting 62
Distance Travelled to Work 62
Commuting for Work 63
Produced by Policy & Performance,
August 2014.
Contact Helen Maiden,
Research and Information Officer
for more information.
5
People: Active and Healthy Lifestyles
Population
The Mid-2013 Population Estimate for Cannock Chase indicates that the
District population is 98, 119. This has seen an increase of 0.7% since 2011:
Data Source: 2011 Census and Mid-Year Population Estimates for 2012 and 2013, Office for
National Statistics.
Population across the fifteen Cannock Chase Wards saw change between
2011 and 2012. Some Wards experienced a decline in population, whereas
the number of residents increased in other Wards, as shown on the table
below.
Ward: 2011
Population
2012
Population
Population Change
2011-2012
Brereton and Ravenhill 6538 6664 1.9% Increase
Cannock East 7063 7023 0.6% Decrease
Cannock North 7286 7285 0.01% Decrease
Cannock South 7673 7787 1.5% Increase
Cannock West 6996 6972 0.3% Decrease
Etching Hill and The Heath 6777 6712 1% Decrease
Hagley 4655 4679 0.5% Increase
Hawks Green 7628 7771 1.9% Increase
Heath Hayes East and
Wimblebury
6457 6459 0.03% Increase
Hednesford Green Heath 4985 4986 0.02% Increase
Hednesford North 7058 7073 0.2% Increase
Hednesford South 5300 5317 0.3% Increase
Norton Canes 7479 7453 0.3% Decrease
Rawnsley 4977 4986 0.2% Increase
Western Springs 6590 6773 2.8% Increase
Key: = Decrease = Increase
Data Source: 2011 Census Table KS101EW: Usual Resident Population, Office for National
Statistics; Mid-Year Population Estimate for 2012, Office for National Statistics.
2011
Census
97,462
Mid-2012
Population
Estimate
97,940
Mid-2013
Population
Estimate
98,119
6
The table above shows that Western Springs has seen the largest increase in
population, with a rise of almost 3% (2.8%) in the number of residents between
2011 and 2012. The largest decrease in population was in Cannock East
which saw a fall of 0.6% in the number of residents during the same period.
Population Projections for Cannock Chase, 2037
2012-based Subnational Population Projections produced by the Office for
National Statistics (ONS) are an indicator of future trends in population based
on the continuation of observed trends over the past five years.1 These
projections indicate that the Cannock Chase population will reach
approximately 105,000 residents by 2037 – an increase of around 7% on 2013
figures.
Data Source: 2012-based Subnational Population Projections for England (May 2014), Office
for National Statistics.
Particular increases are anticipated in the proportion of the Cannock Chase
population aged 65 and over. This age group is estimated to see a rise of
more than 20% (21.3%), from 16,400 in 2012 to 19,900 in 2021. The age group
85+ is projected to see a rise of 36.8% during the same period, from 1,900 in
2012 to 2,600 in 2021.2 The chart below illustrates how the age structure of the
Cannock Chase population is forecast to change between 2014 and 2037.
1 Office for National Statistics, 2012-based Subnational Population Projections for England
(May 2014) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/snpp/sub-national-population-projections/2012-
based-projections/stb-2012-based-snpp.html 2 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile for Cannock Chase District
Council, 2014; Office for National Statistics, Interim 2011-based Subnational Population
Projections http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/snpp/sub-national-population-projections/Interim-
2011-based/index.html
2020
101,000
2025
102,000
2030
103,000
2035
104,000
2037
105,000
7
Data Source: 2012-based Subnational Population Projections for England (May 2014), Office
for National Statistics.
Population projections illustrated on the chart above indicate a decline in the
number of Cannock Chase residents in younger age groups between 2014
and 2037. In contrast, the number of people aged 65 and over is estimated
to see a considerable increase during this period. The number of residents
aged 70-74 is forecast to increase by 75%, from 4,000 in 2014 to 7,000 in 2037.
Furthermore, the number of residents aged 80-84 is predicted to double and
the age group 85+ to triple in size during the same period. This trend of
ageing population could have significant social and economic implications
for the District.
Population Projections for Cannock Chase CCG, 2037
The population of NHS Cannock Chase Clinical Commissioning Group (CCG)
was approximately 133,400 in 2014.3 Population projections indicate that this
will increase by around 5.7% by 2037, with the CCG covering a population of
approximately 141,000 people. The proportion of different age groups within
the CCG is also projected to change.
3 Please note that the boundaries of NHS Cannock Chase Clinical Commissioning Group
(CCG) differ from those of Cannock Chase District. Cannock Chase CCG incorporates 27 GP
Practices across the District and the South Staffordshire areas of Cheslyn Hay and Great
Wyrley. For all GP Practices within Cannock Chase CCG see
http://www.cannockchaseccg.nhs.uk/commissioning/who-we-are/our-practices-directory/
0
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
7,000
8,000
9,000
Projected Change in Age Structure,
Cannock Chase, 2014-2037
Year 2014 Year 2037
8
Reflecting the trend of ageing population evident in District population
projections, an increase in residents aged 65 and upwards is forecast for the
period 2014 to 2037, as shown on the table below.
Percentage Change in Age Structure, Cannock Chase CCG, 2014-2037
Age Group 2014 2037 % Change
65 to 69 8,100 9,500 17.3%
70 to 74 6,300 9,300 47.6%
75 to 79 4,600 7,200 56.5%
80 to 84 3,100 5,500 77.4%
85 to 89 1,900 4,400 131.6%
90 and over 1,000 4,200 320%
Data Source: 2012-based Subnational Population Projections for Clinical Commissioning
Groups in England (May 2014), Office for National Statistics.
This projected rise in older residents could have implications for the type and
cost of services provided by Cannock Chase CCG.
Workday Population4
Workday population redistributes the population based on where they usually
work, with those not in work recorded at their usual address. Workday
population includes residents in employment (16+), with those not working
(including those under 16) counted at their usual address.5
Figures for Cannock Chase showed a decrease of 8.9% between the District’s
usual resident and workday populations in 2011, from 97,462 to 88,792.6
However, a number of Wards in the District saw an increase in population
between their usual resident population and their workday population.
Three Wards saw an increase of between 6% and 12% in population during
the working day – Cannock West (6%), Western Springs (6.1%) and Norton
Canes (11.3%). However, Cannock South saw the largest increase of 86.8%
with 6661 additional people in the Ward’s workday population.7
4 For more information about Cannock Chase’s Workday Population, see 2011 Census
Briefing: Workday Population http://chaseweb.cannockchasedc.gov.uk/chief-executives-
policy-and-performance/2011-census-briefings 5 Office for National Statistics, The Workday Population of England and Wales: An Alternative
2011 Census Output Base (2013). 6 2011 Census Table WD102EW: Population Density; 2011 Census Table KS101EW: Usual
Resident Population, Office for National Statistics. 7 Ibid.
9
Wards with an Increase in Workday Population, 2011
The Office for National Statistics suggests that population gain can be
‘explained partly by movement of working people daily from adjacent
areas’. This indicates that a considerable number of people not usually
resident had employment based at a workplace in these Wards at the time
of the 2011 Census.8
Workplace Population9
Workplace population redistributes the population based on their place of
work. All usual residents aged 16 to 74 who are in employment and whose
workplace is in the area are included. People who work mainly at or from
home or do not have a fixed place of work are included in the area of their
usual residence.10
38,814 people aged 16 to 74 had a workplace in Cannock Chase, worked
mainly at or from home in the District or did not have a fixed place of work
but were usually resident at the time of the 2011 Census.11 Cannock Chase’s
8 Office for National Statistics, ‘Differences between the Usually Resident and Workday
Populations’, Part of 2011 Census, Workday Population Statistics for Output Areas in England
and Wales (Part 1) Release http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/workday-
population-statistics-for-output-areas-in-england-and-wales--part-1-/rpt-workday-population-
of-england-and-wales.html#tab-Differences-between-the-usually-resident-and-workday-
populations 9 For more information about Cannock Chase’s Workplace Population, see 2011 Census
Briefing: Workplace Population http://chaseweb.cannockchasedc.gov.uk/chief-executives-
policy-and-performance/2011-census-briefings 10 Office for National Statistics, Workplace Population Analysis, 2011 Census,
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/2011-census/workplace-population-statistics-for-
workplace-zones-and-middle-layer-super-output-areas--msoas--in-england-and-
wales/workplace-population-analysis--2011-census.html 11 2011 Census Table WP101EW: Population (Workplace Population), Office for National
Statistics.
Cannock
West
6%
Western
Springs
6.1%
Norton
Canes
11.3%
Cannock
South
86.8%
10
workplace population had a population density of 4.9 persons per hectare.12
2011 Census data indicates that 9.7% of the District’s workplace population
worked mainly at or from home (3753 persons).13
Ward-level workplace population data indicates that Cannock Chase’s
workplace population was concentrated in different areas across the District,
with all Wards seeing a decrease in population during the working day with
the exception of Cannock South.
Ward Usual Resident
Population, 2011
Workplace
Population, 2011
Numerical
Change
Percentage
Change
Brereton and
Ravenhill
6,538 2,474 -4064 -62.2%
Cannock East 7,063 2,307 -4756 -67.3%
Cannock North 7,286 759 -6527 -89.6%
Cannock South 7,673 9,944 +2271 +29.6%
Cannock West 6,996 3,782 -3214 -45.9%
Etching Hill and
The Heath
6,777 1,073 -5704 -84.2%
Hagley 4,655 828 -3827 -82.2%
Hawks Green 7,628 2,351 -5277 -69.2%
Heath Hayes
East and
Wimblebury
6,457 1,443 -5014 -77.7%
Hednesford
Green Heath
4,985 789 -4196 -84.2%
Hednesford
North
7,058 1,829 -5229 -74.1%
Hednesford
South
5,300 2,181 -3119 -58.8%
Norton Canes 7,479 4,496 -2983 -39.9%
Rawnsley 4,977 1,013 -3964 -79.6%
Western Springs 6,590 3,545 -3045 -46.2%
Data Source: 2011 Census Table KS101EW: Usual Resident Population; 2011 Census Table
WP101EW: Population (Workplace Population), Office for National Statistics.
The map below illustrates that the largest proportion of the District’s
workplace population was concentrated in Cannock South in 2011 (25.6%).14
12 2011 Census Table WP102EW: Population Density (Workplace Population), Office for
National Statistics. 13 2011 Census Table WP702EW: Distance Travelled to Work (Workplace Population), Office
for National Statistics. 14 2011 Census Table WP101EW: Population (Workplace Population), Office for National
Statistics.
11
Note: Percentage proportion of District Workplace Population in each Ward rounded to the
nearest whole number.
12
Life Expectancy
Life expectancy is a measure of the average number of years a person
would live if they experienced the age-specific mortality rates for the area
where they lived and is used as a measure of the health status of the
population.15 Life expectancy for males in Cannock Chase, 2008-2012, was
77.9 years. This was below both the Staffordshire and National averages of
78.9. Female life expectancy in the District during this period was 82.3 which
was also lower than the Staffordshire average of 82.7 years and the National
average of 82.8 years.16
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile,
2014 (February 2014).
The rate of mortality from causes considered preventable per 100,000
population was 223 in Cannock Chase 2008-2012. This was above both the
Staffordshire rate of 187 and the England rate of 188.
15 Office for National Statistics, Life Expectancy at Birth and at Age 65 by Local Areas in the
United Kingdom, 2006-08 to 2010-12 (April 2014) http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/subnational-
health4/life-expec-at-birth-age-65/2006-08-to-2010-12/stb-life-expectancy-at-birth-2006-08-
to-2010-12.html#tab-Background 16 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014 (February
2014).
77.9
78.9 78.9
77.477.677.8
7878.278.478.678.8
79
Life Expectancy, Males,
2008-2012 (years)
82.3
82.7 82.8
8282.182.282.382.482.582.682.782.882.9
Life Expectancy, Females,
2008-2012 (years)
Staffordshire
187
England
188
Cannock
Chase
223
13
The Cannock Chase rate was the highest across the eight Staffordshire
Districts during this period, followed by Tamworth at 204. 17
17 Ibid.
14
Life Expectancy in the Cannock Chase Wards
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014
(February 2014)
As the charts above illustrate, life expectancy during the period 2008-2012
varied across the Cannock Chase Wards, with a number of Wards reporting a
78.9
77
75.6
75.5
79.4
79.8
77.7
75.7
76.5
80.4
77.5
81.4
78.7
76.6
78.3
77.9
78.9
78.9
72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82
Brereton and Ravenhill
Cannock East
Cannock North
Cannock South
Cannock West
Etching Hill and The Heath
Hagley
Hawks Green
Heath Hayes East and Wimblebury
Hednesford Green Heath
Hednesford North
Hednesford South
Norton Canes
Rawnsley
Western Springs
Cannock Chase
Staffordshire
England
Life Expectancy, Males, 2008-2012 (years)
83.1
82.4
82.1
82
85.4
84.5
84.9
78
80.4
88
82.9
83.5
83
80.4
81.7
82.3
82.7
82.8
72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90
Brereton and Ravenhill
Cannock East
Cannock North
Cannock South
Cannock West
Etching Hill and The Heath
Hagley
Hawks Green
Heath Hayes East and Wimblebury
Hednesford Green Heath
Hednesford North
Hednesford South
Norton Canes
Rawnsley
Western Springs
Cannock Chase
Staffordshire
England
Life Expectancy, Females, 2008-2012 (years)
15
life expectancy for both male and female residents which exceeded the
District averages. In contrast, the charts above indicate that life expectancy
was below the District average for both men and women in some Wards,
including Cannock North, Cannock South, Hawks Green, Heath Hayes East
and Wimblebury and Rawnsley.
The rate of mortality from causes considered preventable per 100,000
population was also above the Cannock Chase average of 223 in seven of
the District’s Wards. This could indicate health inequalities across the District.
These Wards are highlighted with stripes on the chart below.
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014
(February 2014)
Cannock Chase’s under 75 mortality rate from all causes 2008-2012 was the
highest in Staffordshire at a rate of 393.7 per 100,000. This was above both the
County average (341.9) and the National average (359.9). The under 75
mortality rate from cancer was also the highest in the County in Cannock
240
242
312
264
167
209
280
177
285
158
227
197
222
222
217
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
Brereton and Ravenhill
Cannock East
Cannock North
Cannock South
Cannock West
Etching Hill and The Heath
Hagley
Hawks Green
Heath Hayes East and Wimblebury
Hednesford Green Heath
Hednesford North
Hednesford South
Norton Canes
Rawnsley
Western Springs
Rate of Mortality from Preventable Causes
(per 100,000 population), 2008-2012
16
Chase at a rate of 165.3 per 100,000 during the same period, with the District
reporting a rate which was above both the Staffordshire (143.6) and England
(148.6) averages.18
Under 75 Mortality Rate from All Causes, 2008-2012 (ASR per 100,000)
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014)
Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE), 2010-2012
Healthy life expectancy is an estimate of the average lifespan a person can
expect to spend in good health calculated by the Office for National
Statistics (ONS) for NHS Clinical Commissioning Groups in England 2010-2012.
The table below shows that the percentage proportion of life in good health
was lower than the England average for both males and females in Cannock
Chase CCG, at birth and at age 65.
Percentage Proportion of Life in Good Health
Location HLE at Birth
(Males)
HLE at Birth
(Females)
HLE at Age
65 (Males)
HLE at Age 65
(Females)
Cannock Chase CCG
78.3% 75.7% 41.1% 37.9%
England Avg.
80.2% 78.0% 49.7% 46.1%
Percentage Gap between
National and District
Averages
1.9%
2.3%
8.6%
8.2%
Data Source: Office for National Statistics, Healthy Life Expectancy at Birth and at Age 65:
Clinical Commissioning Groups, 2010-2012, (March 2014).
18 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014).
Staffordshire
341.9
England
359.9
Cannock
Chase
393.7
17
Health Conditions Analysis of health conditions in Cannock Chase refers to statistics recorded
on GP Disease Registers. It is important to note that an increase in the
recorded cases of health conditions can be interpreted as indicating a
positive trend in terms of diagnosis and treatment. However, a rise in the
prevalence of conditions could also highlight a potential increase in health
issues which have an impact on the wellbeing of people in the District.
Stroke
Data for 2011/2012 indicated that the recorded prevalence of stroke in
Cannock Chase was around 1,865 people.19 Recorded prevalence data for
2012/2013 reports that 1,776 people in the District experienced stroke or
transient ischaemic attacks (TIA), showing an annual fall of almost 5% (4.8%).20
Diabetes
6.5% of people aged 17+ on GP Disease Registers in Cannock Chase were
recorded as having Diabetes in 2012/2013. This was above the Staffordshire
average of 6.4% and the England average of 6%. The chart below shows that
Cannock Chase reported the third highest Diabetes prevalence across the
Staffordshire Districts in 2012/2013.21
19 Cannock Chase District Commissioning Public Health Services Report on Commissioned
Services, p. 38, Disease Prevalence Models, Public Health Observatories in England, courtesy
of Staffordshire Public Health, July 2013. 20 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014). 21 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014).
18
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014).
The APHO Health Profile 2014 illustrates that the rate of recorded diabetes in
Cannock Chase is significantly worse than the England average with a local
value of 6.6 compared to an England value of 6.0.22
Asthma
Figures recorded on GP Disease Registers indicate that 5.9% of people were
registered with asthma in the District in 2012/2013. The Cannock Chase
prevalence was below the Staffordshire average of 6.1% and lower than the
England average of 6%.23
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Statistics for 2011/2012 indicated a rise in the recorded prevalence of
Hypertension (high blood pressure) since 2009/2010 to 14.7% of the Cannock
Chase population on GP Disease Registers.24 This saw a further rise of 0.2% in
2012/2013, with figures showing a prevalence of 14.9%. However, whilst this
was above the England average of 13.7%, it was lower than the Staffordshire
22 APHO Health Profile, Cannock Chase, 2014
http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=116449 23 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014). 24 Cannock Chase District Commissioning Public Health Services Report on Commissioned
Services, p. 37, courtesy of Staffordshire Public Health, July 2013.
5.7% 6.1% 6.3% 6.4% 6.5% 6.5% 6.8% 7.0%
0%1%2%3%4%5%6%7%8%
Percentage 17+ on GP Disease Registers with Diabetes,
2012/2013
19
average of 15.3% and was among the lower rates across the Staffordshire
Districts in 2012/2013.25
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014).
Mental Health and Dementia
The Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for the District indicates that between
20,600 and 24,600 people in the District were experiencing mental ill-health in
the community.26
It is recognised that there are significant numbers of undiagnosed or
unrecorded cases of people with dementia in Cannock Chase. Data for
2012/2013 indicates that the recorded prevalence of dementia on GP
disease registers is 498 patients. The expected prevalence of cases of
dementia in 2013 was 1092 patients, with an estimated under recording of
54%.27
25 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014). 26 Ibid. 27 Ibid.
13.7% 13.8% 14.9% 15.0% 15.2% 15.7% 16.6%
18.1%
0%2%4%6%8%
10%12%14%16%18%20%
Percentage on GP Disease Registers with Hypertension,
2012/2013
20
Deprivation
Employment and Health in Households with Dependent Children
The 2011 Census indicates that there were dependent children in 30.7% of
households in Cannock Chase which was above the West Midlands (30.2%)
and England (29.1%) averages. In 4.1% of households with dependent
children in the District no adults were in employment. This was a lower
proportion than at Regional (4.8%) and National (4.2%) levels.
The proportion of households with dependent children in which no adults
were in employment at the time of the 2011 Census was above the District
average in seven of the fifteen Wards. The highest proportion was 7.9% in
Cannock North, whilst the lowest was 1.5% in Hednesford South.
In more than 5% of households with dependent children in Cannock Chase
(5.3%), one person in the household experienced a long-term health problem
or disability (5.3%). This exceeded the average proportion in both the West
Midlands (5.1%) and England (4.6%).
The proportion of households with dependent children in which one person in
the household experienced a long-term health problem or disability at the
time of the 2011 Census was similarly above the District average in seven of
the fifteen Wards. The highest proportion was 7.7% in Cannock North, whilst
the lowest was 3.7% in Western Springs. 28
Fuel Poverty
A household is deemed to be in fuel poverty if:
The household has required fuel costs above the National median
level.
If the household spent the required amount on fuel they would be left
with a residual income below the poverty line.
Fuel poverty can be attributed to a range of factors, including the cost of
energy, household income and also the energy efficiency of the property in
which the household live.29
28 2011 Census Table KS106EW: Adults not in Employment and Dependent Children and
Persons with Long-Term Health Problem or Disability for All Households, Office for National
Statistics. 29 Department for Energy & Climate Change, Fuel Poverty Statistics, September 2013
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/fuel-poverty-statistics
21
11.8% of households in Cannock Chase were deemed to be in fuel poverty in
2011 which was above the England average of 10.9%. The proportion of
households in fuel poverty exceeded the District average in eight of the
fifteen Cannock Chase Wards.30
Food Banks
Across the UK 913,138 people were supported by foodbanks established by
The Trussel Trust in 2013-2014. The number of people helped by food banks
more than doubled from 346,992 in 2012-2013. The rising number of people
accessing foodbanks is attributed to the socioeconomic conditions
associated with the recession of the late 2000s, such as the increasing cost of
food and employment issues such as redundancy.31
The Cannock & District Foodbank was launched in October 2012. Between
April 2013 and March 2014 the Foodbank collected 36,298.7 kilograms of
food donated by the local community. More than 34,500 kilograms of food
was distributed during this period (34,516 kg), with 2,608 adults and 1,292
children served with food parcels. Key reasons for people across the District
being referred to the Foodbank during this period included changes and
delays to welfare benefits, low income and debt. Two hundred people who
received food vouchers from local providers were unemployed, with at least
110 people without a fixed abode.32
Health Inequality
Disability Living Allowance
Disability Living Allowance (DLA) began being replaced by Personal
Independence Payment (PIP) for people aged 16 to 64 from April 2013.
Figures for existing claimants of Disability Living Allowance (DLA) in 2013
indicate that 6.8% of people in Cannock Chase were claiming this benefit.
This was above both the County (5.2%) and National (5.1%) averages.33
30 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014 (February
2014) 31 The Trussell Trust, ‘Foodbank Stats’, http://www.trusselltrust.org/stats (accessed July 2014). 32 Cannock & District Foodbank, April 2013-March 2014, statistics courtesy of Sharon Jagger,
Agency Co-ordinator, July 2014. 33 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014).
22
Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)/Incapacity Benefits
Benefit claimant data from the Department for Work and Pensions (DWP)
indicates that just over 4,000 (4,010) people in Cannock Chase were claiming
Employment and Support Allowance (ESA)/Incapacity Benefits in February
2014 - 6.4% of people in the District aged 16-64. This was above the West
Midlands average (6.3%) and the Great Britain average (6.2%). The Cannock
Chase claimant rate saw a slight increase between November 2013 and
February 2014, as did the claimant rate at Regional level.
Data Source: DWP Benefit Claimants, NOMIS Labour Market Profile for Cannock Chase,
Office for National Statistics. Percentage is a proportion of resident population aged 16-64.
Statistics relating to the proportion of claimants for benefits associated with
disability and long-term health conditions indicates the prevalence of health
inequalities in Cannock Chase.
The chart below illustrates the change in the proportion of claimants for
ESA/Incapacity Benefits in the Cannock Chase Wards between February
2013 and February 2014.
6.9%
6.8% 6.8% 6.7%
6.6% 6.5% 6.5%
6.3% 6.3%
6.4%
6.6%
6.3% 6.5%
6.2%
5.6%
5.8%
6.0%
6.2%
6.4%
6.6%
6.8%
7.0%
No
v-1
1
De
c-1
1
Ja
n-1
2
Fe
b-1
2
Ma
r-12
Ap
r-12
Ma
y-1
2
Ju
n-1
2
Ju
l-12
Au
g-1
2
Se
p-1
2
Oc
t-12
No
v-1
2
De
c-1
2
Ja
n-1
3
Fe
b-1
3
Ma
r-13
Ap
r-13
Ma
y-1
3
Ju
n-1
3
Ju
l-1
3
Au
g-1
3
Se
p-1
3
Oc
t-13
No
v-1
3
De
c-1
3
Ja
n-1
4
Fe
b-1
4
Percentage Proportion of ESA/Incapacity Benefits Claimants
(16-64), 2011-2014
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
23
Data Source: DWP Benefit Claimants, NOMIS Labour Market Profile for Cannock Chase,
Office for National Statistics. Percentage is a proportion of resident population aged 16-64.
The chart shows that, whilst the proportion of claimants was above the District
average of 6.4% in a number of Wards, the proportion was below this rate in
nine Wards in February 2014. Furthermore, a number of Wards saw a fall in the
proportion of claimants over the twelve months between February 2013 to
February 2014.
7.7%
8.7%
10.5%
10.6%
4.9%
6.1%
7.4%
2.6%
5.7%
4.7%
8.5%
3.7%
6.4%
5.8%
6.1%
7.7%
8.7%
10.4%
10.4%
4.9%
5.9%
7.4%
2.5%
5.2%
4.4%
8.3%
3.4%
5.8%
5.8%
6.3%
0.0% 2.0% 4.0% 6.0% 8.0% 10.0% 12.0%
Brereton and Ravenhill
Cannock East
Cannock North
Cannock South
Cannock West
Etching Hill and The Heath
Hagley
Hawks Green
Heath Hayes East and Wimblebury
Hednesford Green Heath
Hednesford North
Hednesford South
Norton Canes
Rawnsley
Western Springs
Percentage Proportion of ESA Claimants (16-64),
February 2013-February 2014
Feb-13 Feb-14
24
Employment and Long-Term Conditions
The Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase identifies that the
employment rate for people with long-term health conditions was more than
13% lower than that of the working age population as a whole in the District
in 2012 (13.2%). This was the second highest gap in employment rate across
Staffordshire and above both the County (8%) and National (7.1%)
averages.34
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014).
Combined with evidence of relatively high proportions of people claiming
welfare benefits for illness and disability in the District, this data highlights
evidence of barriers to labour market participation experienced by people
with long-term health conditions.
34 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014).
-0.2%
2.4% 2.9%
7.6%
9.9% 10.9%
13.2% 13.5%
-2.0%
0.0%
2.0%
4.0%
6.0%
8.0%
10.0%
12.0%
14.0%
16.0%
Percentage Gap in Employment Rate for People with
Long-Term Conditions, 2012
25
Lifestyle
Physical Activity
A report by the Department of Health, Start Active, Stay Active identifies a
‘clear inverse relationship between physical activity and cardiorespiratory
risk’, reporting strong evidence that physical activity can lower the risk of
cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke by around 20% to
35%. The risk of colon cancer is lowered by 30% for adults doing daily physical
activity and the risk of breast cancer reduced by 20%. The report draws
attention to strong evidence of a 30% to 40% lower risk of type 2 diabetes in
at least moderately active people compared to those who are sedentary.35
Of the 500 respondents to the Sport England Active People Survey 7 (2012-
2013) in Cannock Chase, 30% participated in thirty minutes moderate
intensity sport once a week (at least 4 sessions in the previous 28 days). This
showed an increase on figures for 2011-2012, although remained below
participation levels during the period 2005-2011.
Data Source: Sport England, Active People Survey 7 October 2012 – October 2013, Sports
Participation Indicator (16+) http://www.sportengland.org/research/who-plays-sport/
35 Department of Health, Start Active, Stay Active (2011)
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/216370/dh
_128210.pdf
32.1%
33.3%
31.1%
33.2% 33.7%
28.4%
30.0%
25%
26%
27%
28%
29%
30%
31%
32%
33%
34%
35%
APS 1 (Oct
2005-Oct
2006)
APS 2 (Oct
2007-Oct
2008)
APS 3 (Oct
2008-Oct
2009)
APS 4 (Oct
2009-Oct
2010)
APS 5 (Oct
2010-Oct
2011)
APS 6 (Oct
2011-Oct
2012)
APS 7 (Oct
2012-Oct
2013)
Adult Participation in 30 Minutes Moderate Intensity Sport
(1 session a week - at least 4 sessions of at least moderate
intensity for at least 30 minutes in the previous 28 days)
Cannock Chase, 2005-2013
26
The proportion of participants in Cannock Chase was below a National rate
of 35.7%, a West Midlands rate of 33.3% and a Staffordshire rate of 34.1%.
Weekly Participation in Moderate Intensity Sport, 2012-2013
Data Source: Sport England, Active People Survey 7 October 2012 – October 2013, Sports
Participation Indicator (16+) http://www.sportengland.org/research/who-plays-sport/
The proportion of respondents who answered that they did not participate in
any sport was 6.3% higher in Cannock Chase (52.8%) than in Staffordshire
more widely (46.5%) between 2011 and 2013.36
The Health Impact of Physical Inactivity (HIPI) Indicator (March 2013) illustrates
that around 4.6% of emergency hospital admissions for coronary heart
disease in Cannock Chase could be preventable if 100% of the population
aged 40-79 participated in the levels of physical activity recommended by
the four Home Countries Chief Medical Officers.37 Around 3% (2.9%) of cases
could be preventable if 75% of the 40-79 population engaged in this level of
physical activity.
The Indicator illustrates that 20% of new cases of colorectal cancer could be
preventable if 100% of the population aged 40-79 participated in the
recommended levels of physical activity. Just over 13% (13.3%) of cases
could be preventable if 75% of the 40-79 population engaged in this level of
physical activity.38
36 Sport England, Active People Survey 7 October 2012 – October 2013, Sports Participation
Indicator (16+) http://www.sportengland.org/research/who-plays-sport/ 37 The recommended level of physical activity is 30 minutes moderate intensity activity on at
least five days per week (amounting to 150 minutes per week). See Department of Health,
Start Active, Stay Active (2011)
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/216370/dh
_128210.pdf 38 Public Health England, Health Impact of Physical Inactivity
http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=123459.
Cannock
Chase
30%
West
Midlands
33.3%
Staffordshire
34.1%
England
35.7%
27
Evidence that the proportion of respondents to the Sport England Active
People Survey who participate in physical activity is lower than County,
Regional and National averages in Cannock Chase highlights the potential
prevalence of health implications associated with physical inactivity in the
District.
However, the Sport England Local Sport Profile for Cannock Chase identifies
that more than 50% of respondents to the Active People Survey 7 (2012-2013)
wanted to do more sport, including 17.7% of inactive adults. The most
popular sport which respondents wanted to do was swimming.39
16.5% of respondents to the Sport England Active People Survey in Cannock
Chase 2012/2013 had participated in sporting activity through club
membership in the last four weeks. This was below the West Midlands average
of 19.7% and the England average of 21%. However, participation through
tuition/coaching proved more popular in the District, with 17.7% of
respondents having engaged in physical activity by receiving tuition or
coaching in the last twelve months. This was above both the West Midlands
(15.8%) and England (15.8%) averages for 2012/2013.40
Obesity
Obesity is associated with health issues including type 2 diabetes,
cardiovascular disease and cancer.41 Statistics indicate that men and
women who are overweight or obese are less likely to meet physical activity
guidelines for participation in at least moderate intensity activity with obese
men and women having ‘the highest rates of low activity’.42
30.3% of adults in Cannock Chase were estimated to be obese in 2012. This
was the second highest proportion in Staffordshire and was above both the
Staffordshire (24.4%) and England (23.0%) averages.43
39 Sport England Local Sport Profile: Cannock Chase Participation Profile, 2014
http://www.sportengland.org/our-work/local-work/local-government/local-sport-profile/ 40 Ibid. 41 Public Health England: National Obesity Observatory
www.noo.org.uk/NOO_about_obesity; Health & Social Care Information Centre, Statistics on
Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet: England 2014 (February 2014). 42 Health & Social Care Information Centre, Statistics on Obesity, Physical Activity and Diet:
England 2014 (February 2014). 43 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014).
28
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014).
The prevalence of overweight (including obese) children of Reception age
was above the England average in Cannock Chase in 2012/2013 with a local
value of 27.3 compared to an England benchmark of 22.2. The prevalence of
overweight (including obese) children of Year 6 age was also above the
National average during the same period, with a local value of 36.4
compared to an England benchmark of 33.3.44
Reception Age Children, 2012-2013 Year 6 Children, 2012-2013
44 Public Health Profiles: NCMP Local Authority Profile, Cannock Chase
http://fingertips.phe.org.uk/profile/national-child-measurement-programme/data.
18.0% 21.4%
23.2% 23.5% 24.1% 27.4%
30.3% 31.0%
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
Obesity in Adults, 2012
England
22.2
Cannock
Chase
27.3
England
33.3
Cannock
Chase
36.4
29
Smoking and Alcohol
Smoking increases the risk of a range of health conditions, including 90% of
lung cancers as well as respiratory conditions and diseases associated with
the heart and blood circulation. It is estimated that around 100,000 people
die in the UK each year from smoking-related illnesses.45
The Local Tobacco Control Profile for Cannock Chase shows that smoking
attributable mortality (2010-2012) was statistically worse than the England
benchmark at a rate of 362.5 compared to a benchmark of 291.9.46
Data from the Integrated Household Survey indicates a smoking prevalence
rate of 27.8% for Cannock Chase during 2012 which was statistically worse
than the England benchmark of 19.5.47 However, provisional figures for
smoking cessation 2012/2013 indicate that the rate of people who quit
smoking at four weeks exceeded both the Staffordshire and England
averages in Cannock Chase.48
Rate of People Quitting Smoking at Four-Weeks per 1,000 (2012/2013)
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock
Chase District Council (March 2014).
Regular intake of alcohol which exceeds the recommended daily limits can
lead to serious health problems including an increased risk of cancers and
heart attack.49
45 NHS Choices http://www.nhs.uk/chq/Pages/2344.aspx?CategoryID=53 46 Public Health England, Local Tobacco Control Profile for the West Midlands Region
http://www.tobaccoprofiles.info/profile/tobacco-
control/data#gid/1000110/pat/6/ati/101/page/0/par/E12000005/are/E08000025 47 Ibid. 48 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014). 49 NHS Livewell http://www.nhs.uk/Livewell/alcohol/Pages/Effectsofalcohol.aspx
Cannock
Chase
45.8
England
44.5
Staffordshire
42.9
30
The 2014 Local Alcohol Profile for Cannock Chase shows that, as in previous
years, the District had a significantly worse rate than England for alcohol-
specific hospital admission among under 18s. However, the rate of alcohol
related admissions to hospital per 100,000 in the District during 2012/2013
(1,893) was below the England average of 1,950.50 Furthermore, alcohol-
specific hospital admission among males in the District was significantly lower
than the England average in 2014.51
50 Staffordshire County Council, Health and Wellbeing Profile 2014 for Cannock Chase District
Council (March 2014). 51 Local Alcohol Profiles for England (LAPE): Cannock Chase 2014
http://www.lape.org.uk/LAProfile.aspx?reg=X25002AE
31
Place: Improved Living Environment
Waste and Recycling
The rate of household waste recycled in Cannock Chase during 2012/2013
was 53.3% which showed an increase of 1.1% on levels of recycling in
2011/2012 (52.2%).52 Figures for 2013/2014 show a slight decrease to 52%,
although this should be set in the context of the decline in green waste sent
for composting at National level at the start of 2013 as a result of bad
weather conditions.53 DEFRA identifies that the amount of waste recycled has
stabilised over the last two years following the rapid rise which accompanied
the expansion of local authority recycling collection schemes.54 Cannock
Chase Council has continued to undertake roadshows and school visits to
promote recycling during 2013/2014.55
Living Environment Respondents to the ‘Feeling the Difference’ public confidence survey in
Cannock Chase identified that health services, affordable housing, crime
levels and good schools were strengths to be maintained in the District in
October 2013. Priorities and calls for improvement related to roads and
pavements, activities for young people, employment opportunities, shopping
facilities, public transport and clean streets.56
Urban/Rural Classification
2011 data from DEFRA indicates that 51% of land in Cannock Chase was
urban. Cannock Chase and Tamworth had the highest proportion of urban
land across the Staffordshire Districts.57
52 Cannock Chase Council, Annual Performance Report, 2012-2013. 53 Cannock Chase Council, Annual Performance Report, 2013-2014; DEFRA, Statistics on
Waste Managed by Local Authorities in England in 2012/13 (November 2013). 54 DEFRA, Statistics on Waste Managed by Local Authorities in England in 2012/13 (November
2013). 55 Cannock Chase Council, Annual Performance Report, 2013-2014. 56 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014 (January
2014). 57 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014 (February
2014)
32
Data Source: DEFRA, 2011 cited in Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced
District Profile, 2014 (February 2014)
Brownfield/Greenfield Development
Promoting development on Brownfield (or previously developed) land is
fundamental to sustainable land use, supporting socioeconomic
regeneration and protecting the environment by reducing pressure on
Greenfield land.58 The Cannock Chase Local Development Framework
Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA) provides an insight
into Brownfield/Greenfield Development Trends in the District. The
percentage of developments on previously developed land (Brownfield) as
opposed to Greenfield land has fluctuated year on year between 2006/07
and 2013/14, from 57% to 99%.59
58 Environment Agency, Brownfield Land Redevelopment, http://www.environment-
agency.gov.uk/research/library/position/41237.aspx 59 Cannock Chase District Council, Cannock Chase Local Development Framework Strategic
Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), May 2012 and August 2013. Years 2006/07-
2009/10 includes garden land within the definition of previously developed land (PDL) as per
national planning policy. Following updated National policy in 2010, figures for 2010/11
onwards exclude residential garden land within the definition. The effect of the redefinition of
garden land as Greenfield land upon the years prior to 2010/11 is not expected to have a
significant effect upon the overall trends.
10% 11% 13% 13% 16% 24%
51%
95%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Percentage of Urban Land
(Urban/Rural Classification), 2011
33
Percentage of Developments on Previously Developed Land (PDL/Brownfield
Land)
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
78% 60% 85% 81% 99% 57% 80% 87%
Source: Cannock Chase Council, Cannock Chase Local Development Framework
Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), June 2014.
The table above indicates a trend of continued increase in the percentage
of developments on previously developed land between 2012/13 and
2013/14. The relatively high rate of Greenfield land development indicated
by figures for 2011/12 is attributed to the development of a single Greenfield
site adjacent to Brindley Pumping Station, Rugeley. The SHLAA anticipates
that, without this site, the percentage of developments on Brownfield land
would have been in the region of 85% in 2011/12 and 95% in the year
2012/13. The latest SHLAA published in June 2014 identifies ‘a generally high
rate of Brownfield land development’ between 2006/07 and 2013/14, with an
average of 78% of all completions being on Brownfield land.60
Air Quality
Reducing air quality pollution has benefits for the health of people in
Cannock Chase and supports the welfare of the District’s living environment.
Currently there are two areas where air pollution exceeds national air quality
objectives. Both of these are located on the A5 Watling Street, and relate to
values of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) above the annual mean objective. Air
Quality Management Areas (AQMAs) have been declared in order to tackle
this issue. The 2014 Air Quality Progress Report identifies that the latest
monitoring data has not shown additional locations of air quality pollution in
the District, with a decrease in pollution levels from sites along the A5 Watling
Street between Bridgtown and Norton Canes since 2009/10. No episodes of
elevated sulphur dioxide were recorded in the ten month period during
which monitoring took place. Scheduled improvements at the Churchbridge
junction of the A5 with the A34 due to be completed in 2015 have the
60 Cannock Chase Council, Cannock Chase Local Development Framework Strategic
Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), June 2014, p. 79.
34
potential to decrease traffic congestion and subsequently reduce NO2 levels
in this area.61
Climate Change
A reduction in greenhouse gases is a key element in decreasing the impact
of climate change and supporting both the health of residents and the
welfare of the local environment.62 Figures for 2012 indicate that Cannock
Chase’s per capita carbon dioxide emissions were the second lowest in
Staffordshire.
Data Source: Local Authority Carbon Dioxide Emissions 2012: Staffordshire Districts. Data
courtesy of Anthony Morris, Recycling and Climate Change Officer, Cannock Chase
Council. Sourced from Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC), June 2014.
Whilst emissions from domestic sources saw a slight increase between 2011
and 2012, the District’s carbon dioxide emissions from industrial and
commercial sources and transport have fallen since 2007.63 Total emissions in
the District were higher by 0.2 in 2012 compared to 2011 figures, but remain
below the rate of emissions in 2005-2010.
61 Cannock Chase Council, 2014 Air Quality Progress Report for Cannock Chase Council
(April 2014). Information courtesy of Stephen Moore, Pollution Control Officer, Cannock
Chase Council. 62 West Midlands Public Health Observatory, Climate Change and Health,
http://www.wmpho.org.uk/topics/climatechangeandhealth.aspx
63 Local Authority Carbon Dioxide Emissions 2012: Staffordshire Districts. Data courtesy of
Anthony Morris, Recycling and Climate Change Officer, Cannock Chase Council. Sourced
from Department for Energy and Climate Change (DECC), June 2014.
4.8 5
7.6 7.6 8.1 9.3 9.7
13
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Total Per Capita Carbon Dioxide Emissions, 2012
35
Housing
Housing data for 2013-2014 indicates a total of 5,356 local authority owned
dwellings in Cannock Chase as listed in the table below:
Type of Dwelling Number
Bedsits 56
One Bedroom 2,171
Two Bedrooms 1,470
Three Bedrooms 1,603
Four Bedrooms 55
Five Bedrooms 1
Total 5,356
Data Source: Local Authority Housing Statistics 2013-2014 (DCLG), Courtesy of James Morgan,
Housing Strategy Officer, Cannock Chase Council.
363 dwellings received work to prevent them from becoming non-decent in
terms of Decent Homes Standard delivery in 2013-2014. Cannock Chase
Council received 57 Right to Buy (RTB) applications during this period with 27
RTB sales completed.64
Affordable housing completions totaled 102 in 2013-2014, exceeding the
annual target of 51. These were delivered through a range of different tenure
types including social rent, shared ownership, affordable rent and Help to
Buy. Six of the completions were delivered through the Mortgage Rescue
Scheme, whereby Registered Providers assisted households in mortgage
difficulties by buying and then renting back their properties. There was also
one completion through the Council’s programme for the re-purchase of
vacant former Council properties – a two bed house which was re-let for
social rent.65
Housing Requirements
Cannock Chase Council’s Submission Local Plan Part 1 (May 2013) set a
target of 5,300 dwellings (241 dwellings per annum) as part of a wider south
east Staffordshire partnership approach to meeting housing needs.66 It has
64 Local Authority Housing Statistics 2013-2014 (DCLG), Courtesy of James Morgan, Housing
Strategy Officer, Cannock Chase Council. 65 Affordable Housing Delivery 2013-2014, Courtesy of James Morgan, Housing Strategy
Officer, Cannock Chase Council. 66 Cannock Chase District Council, Cannock Chase Local Development Framework Strategic
Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), August 2013, p. 22.
36
been identified in the Strategic Housing Market Assessment that Cannock
Chase should provide between 250 and 280 dwellings per annum between
2006 and 2028 as part of the 900-955 dwellings per annum recommended for
the south east Staffordshire area.67
The District’s Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA)
published in June 2014 provides an overview of the progress on housing
delivery in Cannock Chase since 2006/07:
Net Dwelling Completions, Cannock Chase, 2006-2014
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13 2013/14
558 340 242 179 263 43 168 262
Data Source: Cannock Chase District Council, Cannock Chase Local Development
Framework Strategic Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), June 2014, p. 26.
The table above illustrates that 2,055 dwellings have been completed since
2006 – an average of 257 dwellings per annum. This leaves a residual
requirement of 3,245 dwellings equivalent to 232 completions per annum.68
Housing Market
The overall average house price in Cannock Chase for the quarter April to
June 2014 was £149,385. This was around £25,000 (£25,252) lower than the
Staffordshire average for the same period (£174,637), and was also below
both the West Midlands (£182,045) and the National (England and Wales)
averages (£256,615). The Cannock Chase average house price was the
second lowest in Staffordshire at the end of June 2014 after Newcastle-under-
Lyme (£146, 985).69
67 Ibid. Note that as part of the South East Staffordshire strategy, a portion of the District’s
housing needs at Rugeley and Brereton are to be met through provision in Lichfield District
(equivalent to 500 homes at the East of Rugeley Strategic Development Allocation proposed
in the Submission Lichfield District Local Plan. See SHLAA, August 2013, pp. 22-23. 68 Cannock Chase District Council, Cannock Chase Local Development Framework Strategic
Housing Land Availability Assessment (SHLAA), June 2014, p. 26. 69 HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June 2014 (August 2014).
37
Average House Price, April-June 2014
Data Source: HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June 2014
(August 2014).
The average house price at District level saw an annual increase of 4.2%
which was below the increase at County, Regional and National levels
between June 2013 and June 2014 (Staffordshire 4.3%, West Midlands 5%,
England and Wales, 5.9%).
The chart below shows the average property prices for different types of
dwellings in Cannock Chase, Staffordshire, the West Midlands and England
and Wales for the quarter April to June 2014.
Data Source: HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June 2014
(August 2014).
£2
03
,53
0
£1
23
,37
3
£1
25
,43
0
£8
1,2
44
£2
44
,86
1
£1
49
,77
3
£1
23
,65
6
£1
04
,51
6
£2
82
,27
7
£1
62
,51
0
£1
37
,01
4
£1
20
,75
3
£3
44
,43
8
£2
14
,22
5
£2
11
,27
8
£2
74
,58
1
£50,000
£100,000
£150,000
£200,000
£250,000
£300,000
£350,000
£400,000
Detached Semi-Detached Terraced Flat/Maisonette
Average Property Prices, Apr-Jun 2014
Cannock Chase Staffordshire West Midlands England and Wales
Cannock Chase
£149, 385
Staffordshire
£174, 637
West Midlands
£182, 045
England and Wales
£256, 615
38
The house price for detached, semi-detached and flat/maisonette
households was lower in Cannock Chase than in Staffordshire, the West
Midlands and England and Wales. However, the price for a terraced property
in the District was above the Staffordshire average at £125,430 compared to
£123,656.
There were 415 overall property sales in Cannock Chase between April and
June 2014, with the majority of sales being for semi-detached properties
(152). The pie charts below illustrate that detached and semi-detached
properties comprised a larger proportion of overall sales in the District than at
National level during this period.
Data Source: HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June 2014
(August 2014)
Detached
35.2%
Semi-detached
36.6%
Terraced 21.9%
Flat/Maisonette
6.3%
Property Sales in Cannock Chase,
Apr-Jun 2014
Detached
24.1%
Semi-
detached
26.5%
Terraced 29.7%
Flat/Maisonette
19.8%
Property Sales in England and Wales,
Apr-Jun 2014
39
Housing Affordability
It is possible to consider the affordability of housing in Cannock Chase by
comparing the average house price in the District to average income. It is
important to note that there is a difference in time frame between the latest
available data relating to house price and income. Average house price
figures relate to the period April-June 2014, whilst the latest available data
relating to average annual pay for all employee jobs is for 2013. However,
these datasets can be compared to provide an indication of the difference
between average income and house price.70
Comparing the average house price in Cannock Chase for April-June 2014
(£149,385) to the average annual pay for all employee jobs in the District in
2013 (£21, 830) indicates that the average house price is 6.8 times higher than
the average annual income. However, this was a smaller difference than at
County, Regional and National levels.
How many times greater is average house price than average annual
income?
70 Office for National Statistics, Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 2013 Provisional Results;
HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June 2014 (August 2014).
6.8 7.4 7.5 9.3
Cannock
Chase
West
Midlands
Staffordshire
England and
Wales
Data Source: Office for National Statistics, Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 2013
Provisional Results; HM Land Registry House Prices, West Midlands Region, Qtr. Ending June
2014 (August 2014).
40
Community Safety The 2014 Community Safety Profile for Cannock Chase identifies that low
crime levels are considered to be the most important aspect of making
somewhere a good place to live. 71
All recorded crime in Cannock Chase in 2012/2013 saw a reduction of 8% on
the previous year and a reduction of 28.4% over the past six years. Reported
incidents of Anti-Social Behaviour (ASB) in 2012/2013 saw a reduction of 14.3%
on the previous year and a reduction of 55.2% over the past six years since
2007/2008.
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile 2014
(January 2014).
Cannock Chase has seen a 30% (29.7%) reduction in violent crime since
2007/2008 and a fall of 40% in serious acquisitive crime, including domestic
burglary, vehicle crime and robbery. Whilst the rate of alcohol related violent
71 All data relating to community safety in Cannock Chase sourced from Staffordshire County
Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014 (January 2014).
7,454 7,030
6,805 6,508
5,803
5,340 5,721
5,486
4,729
3,590
2,992 2,564
1,500
2,500
3,500
4,500
5,500
6,500
7,500
8,500
2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
Trend in All Recorded Crime and Anti-Social Behaviour,
Cannock Chase, 2007-2013
All Recorded Crime Anti-Social Behaviour (ASB)
41
crime in Cannock Chase was above the County average, there was a 4.1%
reduction in these offences in the District between 2011/2012 and 2012/2013.
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014
(January 2014).
Community Safety in the Cannock Chase Wards
The rate of crime per 1,000 residents was above the District rate of 52.1 in
Cannock South (116.5), Brereton and Ravenhill (109.7), Western Springs (72.2)
and Cannock West (59.7) Wards in 2012/2013. Rates of anti-social behaviour
were above the District rate of 26 in Cannock East (29.5), Cannock North
(28.6) and Cannock South (64.3), Hednesford North (37.9) and Western
Springs (42.2).72
72 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014 (February
2014). Please note that there are slight numerical differences between the District rate cited
in Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014 (January
2014) and the District rate cited in Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced
District Profile, 2014 (February 2014).
-10.3%
-38.4%
-7.3%
-20.0%
-17.5%
-18.9%
-9.1%
-26.2%
-36.9%
-29.8%
-28.3%
-23.3%
-77.5% -90%
-80%
-70%
-60%
-50%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
Annual Change in Crime and Anti-Social Behaviour,
Cannock Chase, 2012/2013
42
Perceptions of Community Safety
The percentage of respondents to the ‘Feeling the Difference’ public
confidence survey in Cannock Chase who reported feeling safe in the District
during the day increased to almost 99% (98.7%) in October 2013. 73 Whilst the
percentage of respondents who felt safe after dark was lower at 81% (80.8%),
this percentage has seen an increase on results from 2011. Furthermore,
around two thirds of respondents in the District did not feel that there were
any significant problems in the local area. People using or dealing drugs was
identified as the most significant issue with around a quarter of respondents
(24%) recognising this issue as a fairly big or big problem.
Key findings from ‘Feeling the Difference’, Waves 12-15, 2011-2013
Young People and Community Safety
More than 600 young people from Cannock Chase took part in the
Staffordshire-wide ‘What do you Think?’ survey in Summer 2013. The survey
identified that younger people are most likely to feel safe at home and
school, but feel less safe ‘Online’ (when using the Internet).74
73 All data relating to the ‘Feeling the Difference’ public confidence survey sourced from
Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014 (January
2014). 74 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Community Safety Profile, 2014 (January
2014).
98.7%
Feel Safe
during the Day
80.8%
Feel Safe after
Dark
8.2% Have Been a
Victim of/
Witnessed a
Crime
43
Prosperity: Economic Resilience
Educational Attainment Educational attainment has important implications for determining students’
success in further education and the labour market, providing ‘a useful
indicator of future skills’.75
Key Stage 1, 2012-2013 (Years 1 and 2, Pupil Ages 5-7 years)
89% of pupils eligible for Key Stage 1 assessment in Cannock Chase achieved
Level 2+ in reading which was above the West Midlands average (88%) and
the same as the England average (89%). The proportion of students who
obtained Level 2+ in Mathematics (90%) was slightly below the West Midlands
and England averages (91%). However, 85% of pupils obtained Level 2+ in
writing which was in line with both the Regional and National averages and
90% achieved Level 2+ in Science. This was above the West Midlands
average of 89% and the same as the England average of 90%.76
Key Stage 1 Attainment in Cannock Chase 2012-2013
Data Source: National Curriculum Assessments at Key Stage 1, Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock
Chase, Neighbourhood Statistics.
75 HM Government, Opening Doors, Breaking Barriers: A Strategy for Social Mobility: Update
on Progress Since April 2011, May 2012
http://www.dpm.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/sites/default/files_dpm/resources/HMG_SocialMobility
_acc.pdf ; Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase District Profile, 2012. 76 National Curriculum Assessments at Key Stage 1, Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock Chase,
Neighbourhood Statistics.
Level 2+
Reading
89%
Level 2+
Writing
85%
Level 2+
Maths
90%
Level 2+
Science
90%
44
Key Stage 2, 2012-2013 (Years 3-6, Pupil Ages 7-11 years)
73% of pupils eligible for Key Stage 2 assessment in Cannock Chase achieved
Level 4+ in Reading, Writing and Mathematics. This was slightly below the
West Midlands average (74%) and the England average (75%).77
GCSE (Key Stage 4), 2012-2013 (Years 10 and 11, Pupil Ages 14-16 years)
GCSE attainment in Cannock Chase has seen an improving trend since
2006/07. Figures for 2012/13 show an increase of almost 20% (18.8%) since
2006/07, with 56.7% of pupils achieving 5+ A*-C GCSEs (including English and
Mathematics).78 However, as the chart below illustrates, the percentage of
pupils meeting this level of attainment continues to fall below the Regional
(West Midlands) and National (England) comparators.
Data Source: GCSE and Equivalent Results for Young People by Gender, Referenced by
Location of Pupil Residence, Cannock Chase, Neighbourhood Statistics.
77 National Curriculum Assessments at Key Stage 2, Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock Chase,
Neighbourhood Statistics. 78 GCSE and Equivalent Results for Young People by Gender, Referenced by Location of Pupil
Residence, Neighbourhood Statistics.
37.9%
41.1% 43.0%
47.3%
51.2% 52.6%
56.7%
43.4%
46.2% 48.5%
54.3%
57.4% 58.8%
59.9%
45.5% 47.8%
50.7%
55.1%
58.2% 58.8% 60.6%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
55%
60%
65%
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
Percentage of Pupils 5+ A*-C GCSEs inc. England and Maths,
2006-2013
Cannock Chase West Midlands England
45
Post 16 Education
The proportion of students achieving two or more passes of A-Level
equivalent size has fluctuated in Cannock Chase between 2008 and 2013,
and has seen a downward trend at both Regional and National levels during
the same period. 83.1% of students in Cannock Chase achieved two or more
passes of A-Level equivalent size in 2012-2013 which was lower than the West
Midlands (90%) and England (91.7%) averages.79
From 2013 school students are required to remain in education or training until
the end of the academic year in which they are seventeen, with a rise to
eighteen by 2015. This can include full-time education at school or college,
an apprenticeship or traineeship or part-time education combined with
employment or volunteering of 20 hours or more per week. This has the
potential to impact on post-16 participation and attainment in the District.80
Apprenticeships
There were 712 Apprenticeship Programme Starts in Cannock Chase in 2013.
This showed an increase of 9.2% on figures for 2012 when there were 652
Apprenticeship Programme Starts in the District.81
Disadvantage and Educational Attainment
‘Children from the most disadvantaged backgrounds – those eligible for free
school meals – are less likely to achieve the expected level of attainment at
each stage in the education system or to progress to higher education’.82
The rate of pupils in receipt of Free School Meals (FSM) per 1,000 residents was
20.5 in Cannock Chase in 2013, although rates differed across the District’s
fifteen Wards, as shown in the table below.83
79 GCS/Applied GCE A/AS and Equivalent Examination Results (Level 3) for Young People by
Gender, Referenced by Location of Student Residence, Cannock Chase, Neighbourhood
Statistics. 80 GOV.UK ‘School Leaving Age’, https://www.gov.uk/know-when-you-can-leave-school
[accessed June 2014]. See also http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/parents/education_after_16/ 81 Staffordshire Observatory, Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent LEP Dashboard
http://ias.staffordshireobservatory.org.uk/IAS/dataviews/report?reportId=389&viewId=519&g
eoReportId=6161&geoId=50&geoSubsetId=25 82 HM Government, Opening Doors, Breaking Barriers: A Strategy for Social Mobility: Update
on Progress Since April 2011, May 2012
http://www.dpm.cabinetoffice.gov.uk/sites/default/files_dpm/resources/HMG_SocialMobility
_acc.pdf
46
Rate of Pupils in Receipt of Free School Meals per 1,000 Residents, 2013
Ward: Free School Meals (Rate per
1,000 Residents),
Difference from
District Average
Brereton and Ravenhill 25.7 +5.2
Cannock East 24.6 +4.1
Cannock North 44.7 +24.2
Cannock South 29.7 +9.2
Cannock West 8.9 -11.6
Etching Hill and The
Heath
20.4 -0.1
Hagley 28.8 +8.3
Hawks Green 8.4 -12.1
Heath Hayes East and
Wimblebury
14.7 -5.8
Hednesford Green
Heath
13.2 -7.3
Hednesford North 23.1 +2.6
Hednesford South 7.9 -12.6
Norton Canes 18.3 -2.2
Rawnsley 14.7 -5.8
Western Springs 19.0 -1.5
Key: = Lower = Higher
Data Source: Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014
(February 2014). Data sourced from the School Census, January 2013.
Whilst the majority of Wards had a rate below the District average, the
proportion of pupils claiming Free School Meals was above the Cannock
Chase rate in six Wards in 2013.
A gap in attainment was evident between pupils in receipt of Free School
Meals and those who were not at different stages of National Curriculum
assessment in 2012-2013. The chart below shows the gap in attainment across
the different curriculum areas of Key Stage 1 Assessment during this period.
83 Staffordshire County Council, Cannock Chase Enhanced District Profile, 2014 (February
2014). Data sourced from the School Census, January 2013.
47
Data Source: National Curriculum Assessments at Key Stage 1 by Free School Meal Eligibility,
Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock Chase, Neighbourhood Statistics.
A gap in attainment has been evident in Key Stage 2 Assessment over the
period 2009-2013.
Data Source: National Curriculum Assessments at Key Stage 2 by Free School Meal Eligibility,
Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock Chase, Neighbourhood Statistics.
72% 67%
76% 79%
92% 88%
93% 92%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Level 2+ in Reading Level 2+ in Writing Level 2+ in
Mathematics
Level 2+ in Science
Key Stage 1 Assessment: FSM and Non-FSM Pupils,
2012-2013
FSM Pupils Non-FSM Pupils
40% 40%
49%
56%
66% 68%
76% 76%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012 2012-2013
Key Stage 2 Assessment: Pupils Achieving Level 4+ in
Reading, Writing and Mathematics
FSM Pupils Non-FSM Pupils
48
Whilst GCSE attainment has increased in Cannock Chase between 2006 and
2013, the chart below illustrates that a gap of more than 25% (25.6%) remains
between attainment levels among Key Stage Four pupils in receipt of Free
School Meals and those who are not. This is a larger gap than was evident in
GCSE results in 2011/12 when the proportion of FSM pupils attaining 5+ A*-C
grades at GCSE (including English and Mathematics) was 24.8% lower than
the proportion of Non-FSM pupils obtaining these qualifications.
Data Source: GCSE and Equivalent Results for Young People by Free School Meal Eligibility,
Sept 2012-Aug 2013, Cannock Chase, Neighbourhood Statistics.
Evidence of the attainment gap between FSM and Non-FSM pupils illustrates
the impact of disadvantage on educational achievement and highlights the
potential consequences of this inequality for the social and economic
prospects of FSM pupils.
37.9%
41.1% 43.0%
47.3%
51.2% 52.6%
56.7%
14.0% 13.5%
20.8% 19.5%
25.2%
30.7%
33.9%
39.7%
43.4% 45.3%
50.4%
54.1% 55.5%
59.5%
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
2006/07 2007/08 2008/09 2009/10 2010/11 2011/12 2012/13
GCSE Attainment (5+ A*-C Including English and
Mathematics) FSM and Non-FSM Pupils, 2006-2013
All Pupils FSM Pupils Non-FSM Pupils
2012/13
Gap of
25.6%
49
School Performance
School performance statistics for 2013 indicate a trend of improvement in
GCSE attainment levels across the majority of the District’s secondary schools
when compared with 2012. Two of the District’s secondary schools have seen
a fall in attainment between 2012 and 2013, although five schools have seen
a rise in the proportion of pupils achieving 5+ A*-C grades at GCSE including
English and Mathematics.
Percentage of Pupils in Cannock Chase Secondary Schools
achieving 5+ A*-C GCSEs (or equivalent) including English and Mathematics
Cannock Chase
Secondary Schools
2010
2011 2012 2013
Staffordshire University
Academy*
N/A
N/A
43%
50%
Cannock Chase High School
46%
48%
59%
56%
Cardinal Griffin Catholic High
School
60%
66%
52%
69%
Fair Oak Academy*
N/A
N/A
55%
63%
Hagley Park Academy*
N/A
N/A
50%
53%
Kingsmead Technology
College
55%
52%
61%
63%
Norton Canes High School
44%
48%
51%
34%
* Pre-2012 results are not available for Staffordshire University Academy, Fair Oak Academy
and Hagley Park Academy as these schools became Academies in 2012. Data Source: The
Department for Education: School and Local Statistics Performance Tables, KS4 Performance
Tables Year on Year Comparisons: Percentage achieving 5+ A*-C GCSEs (or equivalent)
including English and Mathematics.
Figures for 2013 show that the majority of secondary schools across Cannock
Chase are performing above the current Secondary School Floor Standard
50
(2013) of 40% pupils achieving 5+ A*-C Grades at GCSE including English and
Mathematics.84
Adult Skills
The UK Commission for Employment and Skills projects an increasing supply
and demand for higher level qualifications in the labour market of the
future.85 With reference to this, it is positive that data from the Annual
Population Survey shows the proportion of Cannock Chase residents aged
16-64 with no qualifications fell from 13.3% in 2012 to 10.9% in 2013.86
Furthermore, the chart below shows that the proportion of residents with
qualifications equivalent to NVQ 4 and above increased during the same
period.
84 Department for Education, School Quality: Impact Indicator 17: Number of Secondary
Schools Below the Floor Standard, 2013.
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/294016/Im
pact_indicator_17_2013_update_final.pdf (accessed July 2014) 85 UKCES, Working Futures 2012-2022 (March 2014), p. 96, p. 117. 86 All qualifications data with the exception of data from the 2011 Census taken from the
Office for National Statistics Annual Population Survey. Percentage is proportion of resident
population aged 16-64. Note that percentages and categories from Annual Population
Survey data are not comparable with those included in 2011 Census data. The Annual
Population Survey, a sample-based survey, has low confidence levels at District geography.
Statistics published on the basis of this survey should be considered in the context of such
issues of statistical reliability and as an indicator of trends.
51
Data Source: Annual Population Survey, NOMIS, Office for National Statistics. Percentage
proportion of resident population aged 16-64.
However, as the chart illustrates, the proportion of residents qualified to NVQ
4 and above remained below Regional and National comparators during the
period 2009 to 2013. Evidence that the proportion of people in Cannock
Chase attaining higher level qualifications is lower than the Regional and
National averages could indicate potential issues relating to the accessibility
of the future labour market for residents in the District.
Occupation and Earnings
It is possible to consider occupations among Cannock Chase residents with
reference to the Annual Population Survey. Whilst data from this sample-
based Survey does not provide such a comprehensive insight as data from
the 2011 Census, it can be utilised as a more recent indicator of trends in
occupation type in the District.87
87 Note that percentages and categories from Annual Population Survey data are not
comparable with those included in 2011 Census data. The Annual Population Survey, a
sample-based survey, has low confidence levels at District geography. Statistics published on
the basis of this survey should be considered in the context of such issues of statistical
reliability and as an indicator of trends.
12.8%
20.3%
16.7% 16.3%
23.4% 24.7%
26.0% 26.3% 27.8% 28.4%
29.9% 31.3%
32.9% 34.4% 35.2%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
35%
40%
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
% 16-64 with NVQ 4+ Qualifications,
2009-2013
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
52
Annual Population Survey data indicates how the proportion of Cannock
Chase residents working in different occupation groups has changed
between 2013 and 2014, as illustrated in the table below.
Occupation Group Cannock
Chase
West Midlands Great Britain
April
2012-
March
2013
April
2013-
March
2014
April
2012-
March
2013
April
2013-
March
2014
April
2012-
March
2013
April
2013-
March
2014
Soc 2010 Major Group 1-3
(Managers, Directors,
Senior Officials,
Professional Occupations,
Associate Professional
and Technical)
34.8%
39.2%
39.5%
40.9%
44%
44.5%
Soc 2010 Major Group 4-5
(Administrative and
Secretarial, Skilled Trades
Occupations)
30.4%
19.5%
22.6%
21.8%
21.5%
21.4%
Soc 2010 Major Group 6-7
(Caring, Leisure and other
Service Occupations,
Sales and Customer
Service Occupations)
16.5%
20.4%
17.9%
17.4%
17.2%
17.1%
Soc 2010 Major Group 8-9
(Process, Plant and
Machine Operatives,
Elementary Occupations)
18.3%
21%
20%
19.9%
17.3%
17%
Data Source: Annual Population Survey, NOMIS, Office for National Statistics. Percentage is a
proportion of all persons 16+ in employment.
The table above shows that the proportion of residents employed in
administrative and secretarial occupations as well as skilled trades
occupations has fallen by a larger proportion at District level than at Regional
or National levels. Furthermore, the proportion of Cannock Chase residents
working in the category which includes elementary occupations has
increased, whilst seeing a small decline at both Regional and National levels.
This could indicate a rise in the proportion of Cannock Chase residents
employed in elementary occupations. Research has identified that these
types of employment can be associated with low skill levels, low pay and
limited opportunity for progression.88
88 Paul Sissons, The Hourglass and the Escalator: Labour Market Change and Mobility (July
2011).
53
As the table above illustrates, the proportion of Cannock Chase residents in
employment in higher paid occupations, such as managerial and
professional roles, saw an increase in 2013-2014, closing the gap between
employment in these occupations at District and Regional levels. The chart
below demonstrates a rising trend of employment in these occupations since
2010.
Data Source: Annual Population Survey, NOMIS, Office for National Statistics.
However, this has been accompanied by a rise in the proportion of residents
in the District working in lower paid occupations such as caring, sales and
service occupations.
29.8%
34.3% 34.8%
39.2%
40.9%
44.5%
25%
30%
35%
40%
45%
50%
April 2010-March
2011
April 2011-March
2012
April 2012-March
2013
April 2013-March
2014
Percentage 16+ employed in
Soc 2010 Major Group 1-3 Occupations
(Managers, directors, professional and technical
occupations)
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
54
Data Source: Annual Population Survey, NOMIS, Office for National Statistics.
As the chart above indicates, more than 20% of Cannock Chase residents
were employed in these occupation groups in 2013-2014 – a proportion
above both Regional and National averages. This indicates that a significant
number of Cannock Chase residents in employment could be in receipt of
lower earnings, leaving them vulnerable to in-work poverty.
The chart below shows the National median earnings for different occupation
groups in 2013 and illustrates that the proportion of residents in Cannock
Chase working in sales and customer service roles, elementary occupations
and caring and leisure jobs in Cannock Chase could be in receipt of earnings
at the lower end of the earnings distribution. Median earnings for those
working in elementary occupations were nearly £430 lower than those for
residents working as managers, directors and senior officials (£428.70).
17.3%
10.9%
16.5%
20.4% 17.4% 17.1%
10%
12%
14%
16%
18%
20%
22%
April 2010-March
2011
April 2011-March
2012
April 2012-March
2013
April 2013-March
2014
Percentage 16+ employed in
Soc 2010 Major Group 6-7 Occupations
(Caring, service, sales and customer service occupations)
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
55
Data Source: Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 2013 Provisional Results, Office for National
Statistics.
The Office for National Statistics Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings
indicates that gross weekly pay for full-time workers in Cannock Chase based
on earnings by residence was £477.90 in 2013. This was below the Staffordshire
average (£515.60), the West Midlands average (£483.00) and the Great
Britain average (£518.10) which indicates that some workers in the District
could experience socioeconomic issues associated with lower-level
earnings.89
89 Earnings by Residence 2013, Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, Office for National
Statistics.
£331.20 £336.40 £336.70 £399.60
£436.10 £476.10
£582.40
£703.20 £765.10
£0.00
£100.00
£200.00
£300.00
£400.00
£500.00
£600.00
£700.00
£800.00
£900.00
National Median Full-Time Gross Weekly Earnings by Major
Occupation Group, April 2013 (£ per week)
56
Young People not in Employment, Education or Training
(NEET) ‘A long period without work at a young age can have a long-lasting effect
on a person’s life chances, leading to a higher future likelihood of
unemployment and lower earnings’.90
Data for June 2014 indicates that there were 188 young people of Academic
Age 16 to 18 who were not in employment, education or training in Cannock
Chase.91 This comprised around 14.7% of the Staffordshire total. The chart
below illustrates that Cannock Chase had the second highest number of
NEET young people across the County in June 2014.92 However, data cited
later in this document relating to Jobseeker’s Allowance claims among 18-24
year olds in the District shows a significant twelve month decrease.
Data Source: NEET and Not Known Monthly Report, June 2014. Courtesy of Nilhan Akpinar,
Skills and Further Learning, Staffordshire County Council.
90 Tony Dolphin, Remember the Young Ones: Improving Career Opportunities for Britain’s
Young People (IPPR, August 2014). 91 Please note that Academic Age 16-18 is different from actual age 16-18 as it includes
some people aged 19 based on their month of birth date. Those included in Academic Age
16-18 have a birth date between 31/08/1994 to 31/08/1997. 92 NEET and Not Known Monthly Report, June 2014. Courtesy of Skills and Further Learning,
Staffordshire County Council.
24
84 110 123
176 181 182 188 207
050
100150200250
Number of NEETs Academic Age 16-18, June 2014
57
Unemployment
The chart below shows that the proportion of JSA claimants in Cannock
Chase remained lower than in the West Midlands and Great Britain during the
period July 2012 to July 2014. JSA claims in the District fell by 50% during this
period from 3.6% to 1.8%, decreasing by a larger margin than at Regional
(1.6%) and National (1.4%) levels during this period.
Data Source: All People Claiming JSA – Monthly from 2006, ONS Claimant Count with Rates
and Proportions, NOMIS.
The JSA claimant rate was above the District average in five Wards in July
2014, but the same as or below the District average in ten Wards.93 The chart
below shows the trend in JSA claimant rate across the Cannock Chase Wards
between July 2013 and July 2014.
93 The JSA Claimant Rate was above the District average in Cannock East, Cannock North,
Cannock South, Hagley and Hednesford North and the same as the District average in
Brereton and Ravenhill. See All People Claiming JSA – Monthly from 2006, ONS Claimant
Count with Rates and Proportions, NOMIS.
3.6%
1.8%
4.6%
3.0%
3.8%
2.4%
1.3%
1.8%
2.3%
2.8%
3.3%
3.8%
4.3%
4.8%
5.3%
Ju
l-12
Au
g-1
2
Se
p-1
2
Oc
t-12
No
v-1
2
De
c-1
2
Ja
n-1
3
Fe
b-1
3
Ma
r-13
Ap
r-13
Ma
y-1
3
Ju
n-1
3
Ju
l-13
Au
g-1
3
Se
p-1
3
Oc
t-1
3
No
v-1
3
De
c-1
3
Ja
n-1
4
Fe
b-1
4
Ma
r-14
Ap
r-14
Ma
y-1
4
Ju
n-1
4
Ju
l-14
Percentage of Resident Population aged 16-64 claiming JSA,
2012-2014
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
58
Data Source: Claimant Count with Rates and Proportions, Office for National Statistics.
The chart illustrates that all Wards in the District have seen a fall in JSA
claimant rate over the twelve month period July 2013 to July 2014. Whilst the
rate of JSA claims in Cannock North and Cannock South remains above the
District average, these Wards saw a fall of around 2% in JSA claimant rate
between July 2013 and July 2014 (Cannock North 1.9%, Cannock South 2.3%).
The APHO Health Profile for 2014 indicates that the rate of long term
unemployment per 1000 people aged 16-64 during 2013 was lower than the
3.1%
4.4%
5.0%
5.6%
2.5%
2.5%
2.9%
1.4%
2.8%
1.9%
3.8%
1.7%
3.1%
2.1%
2.3%
1.8%
2.7%
3.1%
3.3%
1.5%
1.3%
1.9%
1.0%
1.3%
1.3%
2.2%
1.1%
1.6%
1.3%
1.5%
0.0% 1.0% 2.0% 3.0% 4.0% 5.0% 6.0%
Brereton and Ravenhill
Cannock East
Cannock North
Cannock South
Cannock West
Etching Hill and The Heath
Hagley
Hawks Green
Heath Hayes East and Wimblebury
Hednesford Green Heath
Hednesford North
Hednesford South
Norton Canes
Rawnsley
Western Springs
Percentage 16-64 claiming JSA, Cannock Chase Wards,
July 2013-July 2014
Jul-13 Jul-14
59
National average in Cannock Chase, with a local value of 8.8 compared to
an England value of 9.9.94
Youth Unemployment
A larger proportion of residents aged 18-24 were claiming JSA than in the age
groups 25-49 and 50-64 in Cannock Chase in July 2014.
Data Source: Office for National Statistics, Claimant Count – age duration with proportions,
NOMIS.
Despite a slight rise in the claimant rate between June 2014 and July 2014,
the proportion of young people claiming JSA has seen a significant decrease
over the past twelve months.
94 APHO Health Profile, Cannock Chase, 2014
http://www.apho.org.uk/resource/view.aspx?RID=116449
18-24,
3.9% 25-49,
1.8%
50-64,
1.1%
Percentage Persons Claiming JSA as a Proportion of the
Resident Population of the Same Age, July 2014
60
Data Source: Office for National Statistics, Claimant Count – age and duration with rates,
NOMIS. Percentage is the number of persons claiming JSA as a proportion of the resident
population of the same age.
The chart above illustrates that the proportion of JSA claimants aged 18-24 in
the District has fallen by nearly 3% (2.7%) since July 2013. This is a larger margin
than at Regional (2.6%) and National (2.3%) levels. This represents a reduction
of 220 claimants or 40.7% of 18-24 year olds claiming JSA in July 2013, with 320
people aged 18-24 claiming JSA in July 2014.
The significance of the reduction in JSA claims among the 18-24 age group is
emphasised through comparison with the JSA claimant rate among this
group at the height of the recession. In April 2009 1,045 young people aged
18-24 in Cannock Chase were claiming benefit as a result of unemployment,
12.4% of this age group.
It is possible to attribute the fall in JSA claims among young people to a
number of factors. Evidence at National level suggests that more young
people are remaining in education for longer to obtain higher-level
qualifications.95 The increase in apprenticeship opportunities, which enable
95 UKCES, Working Futures 2012-2022 (March 2014), p. 96.
6.6%
3.9%
7.5%
4.9%
6.2%
3.9%
3.0%
3.5%
4.0%
4.5%
5.0%
5.5%
6.0%
6.5%
7.0%
7.5%
8.0%
Percentage of People aged 18-24 Claiming JSA, 2013-2014
Cannock Chase West Midlands Great Britain
61
young people to gain training and employment, can also be identified as
contributing to a reduction in youth unemployment.96
Economic Growth and Resilience
The business start-up rate in Cannock Chase between February 2013 and
February 2014 saw an annual change of -20%, with the majority of the
Staffordshire Districts seeing a fall in business start-ups during this period.
However, Cannock Chase has seen the second lowest annual decrease as
illustrated on the chart below, and quarterly change in business start-ups was
at 2.3%, with a monthly change of 7.3% in February 2014.97
Data Source: Stoke-on-Trent & Staffordshire Enterprise Partnership Economic Bulletin, June
2014.
A recent study of economic and social conditions in former mining
communities has identified that such areas remain characterised by low rates
of employment and business formation rates below the National average.
Yet the South Staffordshire Coalfield is recognised as being among the
smaller former coalfield areas which ‘now appear less disadvantaged than
96 Staffordshire Observatory, Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent LEP Dashboard
http://ias.staffordshireobservatory.org.uk/IAS/dataviews/report?reportId=389&viewId=519&g
eoReportId=6161&geoId=50&geoSubsetId=25 97 Stoke-on-Trent & Staffordshire Enterprise Partnership Economic Bulletin, June 2014.
-33.7% -21.7% -20.8% -20.0% -11.1%
6.9% 9.1%
17.8%
-40%
-30%
-20%
-10%
0%
10%
20%
30%
Annual Change in Business Start-ups,
February 2013-February 2014
62
the rest’.98 Cannock Chase is identified as the principal Local Authority District
in the South Staffordshire Coalfield which is recognised as being among six
former coalfield areas in which job growth in other sectors has offset
unemployment caused by the closure of local collieries from the 1980s
onwards. However, job density remains an issue with figures for the South
Staffordshire Coalfield showing fifty-two employee jobs (excluding self-
employed) per 100 residents of working age in 2012 which was below the
Great Britain average of 67.99
Transport and Commuting
Distance Travelled to Work
The chart below shows the proportion of Cannock Chase residents who
travelled different distances to work at the time of the 2011 Census.
Source: 2011 Census Table DC7102EWla: Distance Travelled to Work by Sex by Age, Office for
National Statistics.
98 Mike Foden, Steve Fothergill and Tony Gore, The State of the Coalfields: Economic and
Social Conditions in the Former Mining Communities of England, Scotland and Wales (Centre
for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University, June 2014). Note
that this report refers to the South Staffordshire Coalfield but where LSOA statistics are
unavailable it utilises Cannock Chase data, identifying the District as the principal Local
Authority District within this coalfield. 99 Ibid.
16.2%
16.3%
12.3% 22.8%
8.5%
2.6% 1.5% 2.5%
7.9%
9.4%
Distance Travelled to Work, 2011
Less than 2km
2km to less than 5km
5km to less than 10km
10km to less than 20km
20km to less than 30km
30km to less than 40km
40km to less than 60km
60km and over
Work mainly at or from home
Other
63
The largest proportion of Cannock Chase residents aged 16 and over in
employment the week before the 2011 Census travelled between 10km and
20km to work. This reflects National data which indicates that the average
distance commuted to work in England and Wales was 15km.100 Around 16%
of residents in the District travelled less than 2km and between 2km and 5km
to their workplace, whereas 2.5% of residents travelled 60km or more.
Younger residents aged between 16 and 24 and older residents aged 65 and
over were more likely to travel shorter distances from less than 2km to less
than 5km to work.101 Residents in full-time employment of 31 or more hours per
week were more likely to travel further distances to work with the largest
proportion of part-time workers in the District travelling less than 2km to their
workplace (26.7%).102
A higher proportion of residents with no cars of vans in their household
travelled shorter distances to work, with 29% of these residents travelling less
than 2km to work. However, some residents with no cars or vans in their
household travelled a variety of distances to their workplace. 10.5% travelled
between 5km and 10km, whilst 5.1% travelled between 20km and 30km.103
Commuting for Work
In 2011 nearly 15,000 people commuted to a place of work in Cannock
Chase from other local authorities (14,879).104 The chart below illustrates that
the largest numbers of people who lived outside the District but worked in
Cannock Chase came from South Staffordshire, Lichfield, Walsall and
Stafford.
100 2011 Census Table DC7102EWla: Distance Travelled to Work by Sex by Age, Office for
National Statistics; Office for National Statistics, 2011 Census Analysis – Distance Travelled to
Work (March 2014). 101 2011 Census Table DC7102EWla: Distance Travelled to Work by Sex by Age, Office for
National Statistics. 102 2011 Census Table DC7605EWla: Distance Travelled to Work by Hours Worked by Sex,
Office for National Statistics.; Office for National Statistics, 2011 Census Analysis – Distance
Travelled to Work (March 2014). 103 2011 Census Table DC7402EWla: Distance Travelled to Work by Car or Van Availability,
Office for National Statistics. For more information about travel to work in Cannock Chase,
see 2011 Census Briefing: Travel to Work http://chaseweb.cannockchasedc.gov.uk/chief-
executives-policy-and-performance/2011-census-briefings 104 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Sex, Office
for National Statistics.
64
Data Source: 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by
Sex, Office for National Statistics.
More than 23,500 people who lived in Cannock Chase commuted to other
local authorities or abroad for work in 2011 (23,534).105 The largest numbers of
people who moved out of the District for work commuted to Lichfield, Walsall,
Stafford and South Staffordshire.
Data Source: 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by
Sex, Office for National Statistics.
105 Ibid.
3,328
2,706 2,243
1,720
928 563 466 314 257 251
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
People who work in Cannock Chase but Live Outside the
District: Top Ten Locations, 2011
4,285 3,855
3,420
2,472 2,035
1,567 989 771
382 352
0
500
1,000
1,500
2,000
2,500
3,0003,500
4,0004,500
People who live in Cannock Chase but Work Outside the
District: Top Ten Locations, 2011
65
Commuting in Cannock Chase: Number of People and Location they
Travelled from/to, 2011
Inflow Outflow
Data Source: 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by
Sex, Office for National Statistics.
The largest proportion of people who commuted into Cannock Chase from
other local authorities was aged 35-49 (5,802). People in this age group were
also the largest proportion who commuted out of Cannock Chase to work
elsewhere (9,515).106
How do People Commute Into and Out of Cannock Chase?
Method of travel to work relates to the method of travel used for the longest
part, by distance, of a person’s usual journey to work. The most popular
methods of travel for people who lived in Cannock Chase but commuted to
work outside the District were:
106 2011 Census Table WU02UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Age,
Office for National Statistics.
Net Change in Cannock
Chase Population from
most popular locations:
South Staffordshire
+856
Lichfield
-1,579
Walsall
-1,612
Stafford
-1,700
South Staffordshire 3,328
Lichfield: 2,706
Walsall : 2,243
Stafford: 1,720
Lichfield: 4,285
Walsall: 3,855
Stafford: 3,420
South Staffordshire: 2,472
66
Method of Travel Number of People
Driving a car or van 19,685
Passenger in a car or van 1,397
Bus, minibus or coach 714
Train 699
On foot 468
Bicycle 239
Data Source: 2011 Census Table WU03UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by
Method of Travel to Work.
The most popular methods of travel for people commuting into Cannock
Chase for work from outside the District were:
Method of Travel Number of People
Driving a car or van 12, 636
Passenger in a car or van 906
Bus, minibus or coach 576
On foot 292
Bicycle 173
Train 122
Data Source: 2011 Census Table WU03UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by
Method of Travel to Work.
Driving a car or van proved the most popular method of commuting
amongst both those moving into Cannock Chase for work and those who
moved out of the District to a workplace in another area.
Whilst 122 people commuted the largest part of their journey from other local
authorities to work in Cannock Chase by train, nearly 700 people commuted
out of the District by train (699), with the majority commuting to workplaces in
Birmingham (438) and Walsall (113).
Travelling the longest part of a journey to work using a bicycle or on foot was
more popular among residents of Cannock Chase who worked in other areas
than those who travelled into the District for work. 107
107 2011 Census Table WU03UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Method of
Travel to Work, Office for National Statistics.
67
Commuting Comparisons 2001-2011
It is possible to examine how commuting patterns have changed during the
decade in relation to the District’s top inflow/outflow destinations at the time
of the 2011 Census and how figures of commuters to specific locations by
different methods of transport have changed.
Outflow: People who live in Cannock Chase but work elsewhere
Location: 2001 2011 Change
Cannock Chase to
Lichfield
4,322 4,285 -37: fewer people commute to
Lichfield in 2011
Cannock Chase to South
Staffordshire
2,225 2,472 +247: more people commute to
South Staffordshire in 2011
Cannock Chase to
Stafford
2,487 3,420 +933: more people commute to
Stafford in 2011
Cannock Chase to
Walsall
4,227 3,855 -372: fewer people commute to
Walsall in 2011
Data Source: 2001 Census Travel Flows data, accessed via NOMIS, Office for National
Statistics; 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Sex,
Office for National Statistics.
The data in the table above shows that fewer people in Cannock Chase
commuted to Lichfield and Walsall in 2011 than in 2001. More people in
Cannock Chase commuted to South Staffordshire and Stafford in 2011 than
in 2001.
68
Inflow: People who commute into Cannock Chase for work
Location: 2001 2011 Change
Lichfield to Cannock
Chase
2,598 2,706 +108: more people commute into
Cannock Chase from Lichfield in 2011
South Staffordshire to
Cannock Chase
3,364 3,328 -36: fewer people commute into
Cannock Chase from South
Staffordshire in 2011
Stafford to Cannock
Chase
1,606 1,720 +114: more people commute into
Cannock Chase from Stafford in 2011
Walsall to Cannock
Chase
1,700 2,243 +543: more people commute into
Cannock Chase from Walsall in 2011
Data Source: 2001 Census Travel Flows data, accessed via NOMIS, Office for National
Statistics; 2011 Census Table WU01UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Sex,
Office for National Statistics.
The data in the table above shows that fewer people from South Staffordshire
commuted to Cannock Chase in 2011 than in 2001. However, a greater
number of people from Lichfield, Stafford and Walsall commuted to Cannock
Chase in 2011 than in 2001.
2001 Census data shows that 323 people who lived in Cannock Chase
commuted to Birmingham by train. This increased by 35.6% to 438 people in
2011. Sixty-four people who lived in Cannock Chase commuted to Walsall by
train. This increased by 76.6% to 113 people in 2011.108
108 2011 Census Table WU03UK: Location of Usual Residence and Place of Work by Method of
Travel to Work.
