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Metering & Monitoring – Smart BuildingsChristof Isselmann | Hannover Messe 2013
Bilfinger HSG Facility Management – Center of Competence Energy & Sustainability
April 9, 2013
Agenda
The turnaround in energy policy and its political setting 3
Structure of energy supply in the future 4
Where metering & monitoring systems can be used 6
Metering & monitoring as a contribution to the intelligence of a smart building 7
The requirements to be met by metering & monitoring systems 9
Using metering & monitoring and the possibilities in practice 11
Summary & conclusions 16
Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013 Page 2
Energy savings target
Europe
20%
Key determinants for saving energy and for the
sustainability of energy use
Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
Regulatory framework – CO2 emissions – reduction targets by 2020
compared with 1990 and percentage of buildings in Germany’s
emissions
Saving energy in the context of the global economy
Energy savings target
worldwide
25 - 40%
Energy savings target
Germany
40%
CO2
emissions from buildings
in Germany
33%
Energy efficiencyRenewable energiesGlobal warming
m
CO2 tradeSustainability Innovative
technologies
Primary energy is
finite
World population
growing
exponentially
2011 – 7bn
people
Worldwide energy
consumption growing
exponentially
140,168bn kWh
p.a. (in 2010)
Page 3
Source: UNFCC document Source: European Parliament motto 20-20-20
Source: final report of the Select Committee Source: BMWi
Source: destatis.de Source: destatis.de
smart grid is the energy supply infrastructure working in concert
with the IT infrastructure
synchronising supply and demand by metering energy
consumptions in real time to stabilise and reduce the load on the
grid
matching supply and demand is possible thanks to IT
infrastructure and communications and control algorithms
achieves greater user awareness of the energy used
distributiongeneration
▪ Future energy flow▪ Conventional energy flow
The energy supply of the future will be more
decentralised and use smart grids
Page 4Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
usedistributiongeneration
generation
use
conventional energy distribution is mostly structured and controlled
centrally
the classic flow of energy is from generation (power station) to its
use (consumer)
the amount of energy generated is only partly matched to the
demand
losses in transformation are greater because providing energy is
based on the supply
(smart grid)energy flow
IT communication
▪ a detailed analysis of both private (smart homes) and
commercial properties (smart buildings) is necessary to
know the patterns of demand
▪ smart buildings enable control and regulation through
large-area and holistic use of building automation
▪ smart building automation (e.g. timed control of the
loads) can counteract the fluctuations in energy
generation
▪ energy consumption is recorded precisely and
automatically transmitted by smart meter to the grid
operator; this enables alignment of the energy required
and the energy generated, which in turn relieves the grid
and keeps it stable
▪ precise monitoring of energy requires more than one
metering point per building
Where metering & monitoring systems
can be used
Status quo of the smart grid infrastructure
Knowing the demand patterns (smart home, smart building)
Page 5Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
Where can metering & monitoring systems be used?
Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013 Page 6
Office and
AdministrationTrade and IndustryMunicipalities Health-care Centres
Plant, department and
production facility,
output PU
Municipalities, e.g. at
the district level
According to building,
ward, specific treatment
Final, secondary
and useful energy
According to floor or
department
kWh/ m²; empl
€/ m²; empl
m³/ m²; empl
CO2/ m²; empl
kWh/ m²; empl; PU
€/ m²; empl; PU
m³/ m²; empl; PU
CO2/ m²; empl; PU
kWh/ resid; hshold
m³/ resid; hshold
CO2/ resid; hshold
kWh/ bed; m²; case
€/ bed; m²; case
m³/ bed; m²; case
CO2/ bed; m²; case
Purpose/User
Metering types of
energy
Breakdown
Using the
information
Key data
Final, secondary
and useful energy
Final and secondary
energy
Final, secondary
and useful energy
Reporting
KPI
EMS DIN ISO 50001
CSR – report
CO2 – footprint
Reporting energy
balance and CO2
footprint
According to building,
ward
CSR - report
Reporting
Accounting
Metering & monitoring as a subsystem of smart building
intelligence with the help of an integrated energy
management system
Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013 Page 7
Diversified systems in existing buildings need an integral planning approach to implementing a metering & monitoring
system into an integrated energy management system of a smart building.
Operator
User
Field level (sensors & actuators)
ERP systems e.g. MS Dynamics NAV, SAP
operation (e.g. BMS)
other services, subcontractors/third parties
Management level
(collaborative networks)
considering the comfort preferences
configuration
analysing and controlled intervention
Optimisation
middleware
adaptability (modules operational individually)
complexity
Integrated
energy management system
energy consumption meters (fuel, electricity, heat)
water meters
sensors (pressure, humidity, presence,..)
actuators
Automation level
(building smartness)
aggregation of the data
establish context
dimensions (filter according to user, time span, technical
system, organisation etc., system boundaries)
Automation level
Management level
Field level
Visualisation level
visualising the energy efficiency
Page 8
The specific technical requirements to be met by
metering & monitoring systems
Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
CHP boiler
V&A/C
Temperatur, Feuchtemesser, Präsenzmelder, Stromzähler, Gaszähler, WärmeΣ J
000m³
m
Wh
from a measuring and metering concept to visualisation
efficiency can then be seen and rated
enabling a detailed analysis of the building engineering
new opportunities for FM to make running their
customer’s building even more economical and energy-
efficient
temperature
humidity
presence
electricity meter
flow meterheat meter
PV array
e-station
storage battery
“analyses/optimisations” master & dynamic data
data logger & automation components
field devices (precise measuring instruments)
m³
Σ J
000Wh
m
Best practice: M&M in a hospital
Practical example: metering & monitoring in the hospital
sector to document utilities engineering
Page 9Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
CHP boilerCHP boiler
house 1 house 3house 2
gas
heat
electricitywater
Visualisation
Σ J
000
m³
Wh
Σ J
000
Σ J
000
Σ J
000Wh
Σ J
000Wh
m³
Σ J
000
Σ J
000
Σ J
000
Wh
flow meter
electricity meter
heat meterV
PN
tu
nnel
operator efficiency – possible?
m³m³m³m³
𝜂𝑒𝑙 =𝑊𝑒𝑙
𝑄𝑧𝑢
𝜂𝑒𝑙 =434,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎
gas
heat
electricity
Illustration of monitoring the efficiencyMetering & monitoring for
▪ metering primary energy (gas) and final energy
(electricity) and useful energy (heat) generated by the
CHP station
▪ ascertaining the actual efficiency of technical systems
▪ monitoring system status via any changes in efficiency
and system availability
▪ visualising and energy-efficiency evaluation
▪ basis for devising improvements
Energy performance of building engineering taking a CHP
Station as an example
Page 10Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
𝜂𝑡ℎ = 𝑄𝑡ℎ 𝑄𝑧𝑢
=732,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎
= 0.59
thermal efficiency
electrical efficiency
efficiency of the entire system
𝜂𝑒𝑙 = 0.35
𝜂𝑎 = 𝑄𝑡ℎ+𝑊𝑒𝑙
𝑄𝑧𝑢
=732,700 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎 + 437,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎
1,242,000 𝑘𝑊ℎ𝑎= 0.94
87%
93%
Visualisation: ways of providing information about
metering & monitoring which management can use
Page 11Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
global geographical systematisation of buildings and
linking them to regional weather stations
adjusting consumption figures to allow for weather,
forming and monitoring relevant indicators
data differentiated according to building classes, such
as admin building, hospital or industrial building
ranking according to the building’s consumption figures
benchmarking for different buildings
benchmarking for different parameters (per bed, per
m², per product etc.)
system-specific benchmarks (for instance related to
efficiencies etc.)
How metering & monitoring can evaluate consumption
data in terms of energy efficiency in practice
Page 12Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
energy-efficient operation analysis function
sector-specific approach for detailed evaluation of a
building’s energy consumption profile
metering and visualising the energy consumptions
visual evaluation possible by means of load
observation up to 15-min resolution
spectral analyses and comparison using benchmarks
with reference values found in the literature or
comparable buildings
including weather data for analysing weather stations
assigned geographically
comparing the benchmarks with each other to derive
the user behaviour of certain groups of buildings and
obtain valuable information for planning new buildings
How metering & monitoring can evaluate energy
costs in practice
Page 13Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
charts showing the efficiency of systems by precisely
identifying energy consumptions
exceeding set/standard values triggers alarm signals
and the person responsible is then informed
verification of energy efficiency measures and
reduction in energy costs in a direct comparison
between the years, months or days
inclusion of the energy supply contracts
evaluation of the energy costs in a management
summary
providing energy reports
creating greater awareness of the need for the
sustainable use of energy as well as actually reducing
CO2 emissions
Summary
Page 14Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
M&M systems form the basis for the electronic “dialogue process” in smart
buildings for optimised building management
Successful metering & monitoring generates a wide range of added values.
These include:
ensuring system availability and system efficiency
lasting energy savings through continuous monitoring
reductions in energy and maintenance costs through proactive operative
management possible
time saved thanks to automatic energy data acquisition
greater employee awareness with consumption being visualised
fulfilling the key requirements of the DIN EN ISO 50001 standard
Metering & monitoring the key factor by virtue of optimised operation of
technical systems
Effects can be made transparent for the FM customerscf. http://cdn.humansinvent.com.s3.amazonaws.com/wp-
content/uploads/2013/01/SmartBuildings-Main.jpg
Conclusions and future prospects
metering & monitoring a key factor in creating efficient ways to use energy
analysing algorithms to comparing building and sector groups
analysing energy data using benchmarks with reference values energy efficiency
competition for buildings
greater awareness through energy flows in buildings being transparent
potential energy tax savings through incentive schemes
Necessary to ensure the success of the turnaround in energy policy
regenerative power generation, savings in CO2 emissions
identifying wasteful operating regimes and inefficient systems
reliable energy consumption forecasts
precise information about energy demand and consumption
Metering & monitoring an important step to achieving
the energy objectives of the Federal Government
Page 15Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
http://www.deutsche-handwerks-
zeitung.de/files/smthumbnaildata/624x416//3/3/4/4/9/8/NeuesBild.jpg
Energy efficiency – we’re making it transparent!
Page 17Metering & Monitoring – Smart Buildings | Hanover Fair 2013
CoC E&S Section Head
Dipl.-Ing. Frank Katzemich
Tel: +49 6102 45 3679
Mobile: +49 173 5689027
E-mail: [email protected]
Dipl. Des. Christof Isselmann
Tel: +49 6102 45 3363
Mobile: +49 172 7497507
E-mail: [email protected]
Thank you for your attention!