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Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
1
October 26, 2017
Government Notes Write all notes that are in red
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
Several separate independent citystates arose in Mesopotamia. These included Ur, Sumer, Assyria, and Babylon. The ruler of each citystate claimed to hold absolute power.
At different periods of history one city conquered the others and ruled over Mesopotamia. When kings conquer other citystates, it is called an empire, which is a group of countries under one ruler's control. The ruler is called an emperor.
Government
Why did we need a government?
-Keep order
-Create laws
-Settle disputes
-Run the army (protection)
-Look over building projects
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
• Rulers became responsible for organizing the labor needed to build temples and largescale irrigation projects
> Other leaders created laws that helped resolve problems
• Settlements could either be...
– under control of an empire
» OR
– function as an independent citystate
Large numbers of people began to live together so leadership became more important to help with conflicts and coordinate large projects.
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
• Functioned like independent kingdoms
• Had their own central government and cultural characteristics
CITYSTATE
Citystates were surrounded by mud flats and patches of scorched desert. The harsh landscape made it hard to travel by land and communicate with other groups. This meant that each city was largely cut off from is neighbors.
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
independent citystates
conquered citystate = empire
Ur
Sumer
Assyria
Babylon
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
• Leaders were picked by the emperor
• Laws were created by the central government
• The emperor would spread his culture over the entire region
EMPIREconquered citystate = empire
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October 26, 2017
World's First Empire?
*Sargon ruled the kingdom of Akkad in northern Mesopotamia.
*He was AMBITIOUS and started to take over southern Mesopotamia a.k.a. SUMER!
*This new empire lasted over 200 years!!
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
• Army for defense
• Taxes on citizens
• Laws
• Trade with others
What did a citystate and an empire have in common?
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
Hammurabi's Code
Hammurabi was a king who ruled in ancient Babylon (a city‐state in
Mesopotamia) about 1750 B.C. In 1901, some French archaeologists
working in Iran uncovered a stone pillar that had nearly 300 laws of
Babylonian society written on it in ancient cuneiform. From these
laws, in which are known as the Code of Hammurabi, historians
have learned much about this ancient culture. It is believed these
laws were given to Hammurabi by the god, Shamash.
powerful Amorite king who ruled from 1792 to 1750 B.C. extended empire across Mesopotamia, Fertile Crescent appointed governors, tax collectors, judges to control lands watched over agriculture, trade, construction
Hammurabi
Mesopotamia Powerpoint (YAS).notebook
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October 26, 2017
The earliest examples of the idea of the accused
being considered innocent until proven guilty.
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