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MesopotamiaMesopotamia
Chapters 2 and 3Chapters 2 and 3
What does the name What does the name Mesopotamia mean?Mesopotamia mean?
Meso- MiddleMeso- Middle Potamos- RiverPotamos- River
““The land between the rivers”The land between the rivers”
What is a city-state?What is a city-state?
An independent state consisting of a city An independent state consisting of a city and it’s surrounding area.and it’s surrounding area.
Sumer (3500 BCE- 1900 Sumer (3500 BCE- 1900 BCE)BCE)
RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss
Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss
GilgameshGilgameshSargonSargonNaramsinNaramsin
CuneiformCuneiformPotters Potters wheelwheelMathematics Mathematics Lunar Lunar CalendarCalendar
Bronze AgeBronze AgeCanals and Canals and irrigation irrigation systemssystemsAgricultural Agricultural developments developments (seed drill, (seed drill, oxen)oxen)Wheeled carts Wheeled carts and chariotsand chariotsPulleysPulleysTradeTrade
Clip: Innovations of Clip: Innovations of SumeriansSumerians
Babylonia (1900 BCE-1300 Babylonia (1900 BCE-1300 BCE)BCE)
RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss
Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss
HammurabiHammurabi Hammurabi’Hammurabi’s Law Codes Law CodeCarvings Carvings
North-south North-south river traderiver tradeCurrencyCurrency
Assyria (1300 BCE- 609 Assyria (1300 BCE- 609 BCE)BCE)
RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss
Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss
AshurnasirpaAshurnasirpallSargon IISargon IISennacheribSennacheribEsarhaddonEsarhaddonAshurbanipalAshurbanipal
Carvings Carvings become more become more importantimportantLibraryLibrary
Make ironMake ironTrading centresTrading centresDrainage and Drainage and sewage systems sewage systems improvedimprovedRoads/ Postal Roads/ Postal serviceservice
Clip: Why was trade Clip: Why was trade important?important?
Chaldea ( 609 BCE- 530 Chaldea ( 609 BCE- 530 BCE)BCE)
RulersRulers Cultural Cultural DevelopmentDevelopmentss
Technological Technological AdvancementAdvancementss
NebuchadnezzarNebuchadnezzarBelshazzarBelshazzar
Hanging Hanging Gardens of Gardens of BabylonBabylonAstronomyAstronomyEfficient Efficient CalendarCalendarHanging Gardens of Babylon
Describe Hammurabi’s code Describe Hammurabi’s code of law. What were his of law. What were his laws about?laws about?What was the principle What was the principle behind the law?behind the law?
Describe the religious Describe the religious beliefs of the beliefs of the
MesopotamiansMesopotamians Mesopotamian gods Mesopotamian gods
controlled everything.controlled everything. They could bring good or They could bring good or
bad to a peoplebad to a people Brought a sense of order Brought a sense of order
and explained and explained mysteries.mysteries.
Terms:Terms: AnthropomorphicAnthropomorphic: attributing human : attributing human
qualities to gods, animals or non-human qualities to gods, animals or non-human formsforms
PolytheisticPolytheistic: belief or worship of more : belief or worship of more than one god.than one god.
MythologyMythology: myths or stories that relate : myths or stories that relate to a particular culture or person.to a particular culture or person.
ZigguratsZiggurats: temple in Babylonia or Assyria : temple in Babylonia or Assyria in the form of a pyramid of terraced towersin the form of a pyramid of terraced towers
OraclesOracles: divine or supernatural : divine or supernatural communication or place where these take communication or place where these take placeplace
Social PyramidSocial Pyramid
KINGKING
The Priests
The Scribes
The Merchants and Artisans
The Common People
The Slaves
KINGKING: The word of the king is law.: The word of the king is law. PRIESTSPRIESTS: Influential because of the : Influential because of the
importance of religion.importance of religion. SCRIBESSCRIBES: Educated, could read and : Educated, could read and
write. Worked for the temple, the write. Worked for the temple, the palace, the government or the army.palace, the government or the army.
MERCHANTS OR ARTISANSMERCHANTS OR ARTISANS: : Traders or craftspeople. Traders or craftspeople.
COMMON PEOPLECOMMON PEOPLE: Earned their : Earned their living from the land as farmers. living from the land as farmers.
SLAVESSLAVES: performed household labour : performed household labour and various chores. No rights. and various chores. No rights.
What was cuneiform?What was cuneiform?
The first known form of writing.The first known form of writing. Based on picture signs.Based on picture signs. Kept accurate records of trading.Kept accurate records of trading.
Epic: Long narrative Epic: Long narrative poems about heroes or poems about heroes or expressing the ideals of expressing the ideals of a nation.a nation.
Mosaic: A picture or Mosaic: A picture or design created using design created using chips of colored stone chips of colored stone inlaid together.inlaid together.
What were major What were major advancements in the advancements in the following areas for following areas for
Mesopotamia?Mesopotamia? The WheelThe Wheel
Wheeled wagons and chariots.Wheeled wagons and chariots. Farmers could pull 3 to 4 times more Farmers could pull 3 to 4 times more
weight.weight. Used in pulleys to lift water from wellsUsed in pulleys to lift water from wells
MetallurgyMetallurgy Tool makingTool making Strong metals for weaponsStrong metals for weapons
MathematicsMathematics Helped to build canalsHelped to build canals Kept accurate trading recordsKept accurate trading records Helped tabulate taxesHelped tabulate taxes
TimeTime Lunar CalendarLunar Calendar
Lunar CalendarLunar Calendar