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Mesopotamia & Ancient EgyptMr. O
Objective
Students will have a better understanding
of ancient Mesopotamian and Egyptian
cultures to include their contributions to
“civilization” as we know it today.
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
Garden of Eden
Garden of Eden
Mesopotamia
c. 3500 BCE – cities grow across
Mesopotamia
*c. 3500 BCE – cuneiform – wedge-
shaped writing (believed to be the
first form of writing)
c. 3200 BCE – pictographs used to
record information
c. 2700 BCE – Gilgamesh – may
have been story of King of Uruk
Mesopotamia
c. 2100 BCE – Ur becomes capital city of
Mesopotamia
Ziggurats (multi-story buildings) are built
c. 2000 BCE – Ur destroyed by Elamites and
Amorites
c. 1800 BCE – Hammurabi – unites much of
Mesopotamia
Code of Hammurabi – an eye for an eye
c. 1650 BCE – Hittites raid Babylon
c. 1300 BCE – Assyrians conquer much of
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
c. 1000 BCE – Assyrians reconquer
Mesopotamia
c. 650 BCE – Chaldeans destroy Babylon
c. 600 BCE - Babylon rebuilt by
Nebuchadnezzar II (Chaldean Leader)
Hanging Gardens of Babylon built by
Nebuchadnezzar II
c. 600 CE – Arab armies conquer
Mesopotamia; becomes part of the
Islamic Empire
1258 CE – Mongols conquer Baghdad
1534 – Ottoman (Turkish) Empire – rules
over Mesopotamia
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt
c. 5000 BCE – first farming in the Nile Valley
c. 3500-3000 BCE – Pre-dynastic period leads
to unification
c. 2580-2560 BCE – The Great Pyramid of
Giza built
2047 BCE – The Middle Kingdom begins with a
united & powerful Egypt
1539 BCE – Reunification after Hyksos
expelled, making Egypt leading power in
Middle East
Ancient Egypt
1332-1323 BCE – King Tutankhamen (Tut) reigns
Father and mother were brother and sister
Tut married his half-sister
1279-1213 BCE – Ramses II reigns and brings Egypt
to height of power
c. 1150 BCE– Egypt declines
728 BCE –Egypt conquered by Nubians
656 BCE – Egypt occupied by Assyrians
332 BCE – Egypt conquered by Alexander the
Great
Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt
30 BCE – Cleopatra, the last queen of
Independent Egypt, commits suicide
30 BCE – Romans conquer Egypt
Roman Empire
750 BCE – first Etruscan inscriptions
early alphabet
735 BCE – Roma (Rome) founded by Romulus
509 BCE – Tarquinius Superbus (last king)
expelled
Roma becomes a republic
450 BCE – Twelve Tables of Roman Law re-
enacted
341 BCE – Rome conquers Campania
Roman Empire
338 BCE – Rome annexes the Latin League
312 BCE – Via Appia (first aqueduct) built
295 BCE – Roma defeats the Samnites at
Sentinum & Gauls/Celts in N. Italy
264 BCE – Romans destroy Etruscan
civilization & first Gladiator games
216 BCE – Hannibal defeats Romans at
Cannae
207 BCE – Romans defeat Hannibal at
Metaurus river
Roman Empire
202 BCE – Roman annexes Spain
171 BCE Perseus attacks Roma (Third Macedonian War begins)
168 BCE – Roma defeats Perseus at Pydna
146 BCE – Macedonia becomes a Roman Province
64 BCE – Syria becomes Roman province
63 BCE – Rome captures Jerusalem & Palestine
57 BCE – Caesar conquers all of Gaul (France)
Roman Empire
48 BCE – Caesar becomes Roman
dictator
44 BCE Caesar is assassinated
9 – Gothic warriors destroy Roman army
at Teutoburg Forest
14 – appx. five million people in Roman
empire
43 – Claudius invades Britannia
58 – Romans conquer Armenia (Western
Turkey)
Roman Empire
77 – Romans conquer Wales
(Britain)
79 – Colosseum completed
80 – Romans invade Caledonia
(Scotland)
115 – 117 – Roman Empire
reaches greatest extent