802.11ac Demystified Understand the fundamentals of 802.11ac

802.11ac Demystified Speakers: Avril Salter, PhD VP of Faculty Applied Learning Solutions Brett Schavey Sr. Director of Technical Marketing Meru Networks

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Avril Salter 2012

Dr. Avril Salters Biography

Began working on wireless LANs in 1992

Held executive and technical positions at IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Motorola, and Sprint

Recent consulting assignments Monetizing next generation carrier-grade hotspots for iPass Rethinking the small cell business model for Intel Virtualization in the base station for Intel Spectrum analysis for MedCo Next generation Wi-Fi training for Cisco Cisco CCNA/CCNP wireless certification training videos HP MASE certification train-the trainer courses

Worked extensively in Australia, Asia, Europe and North America

Ph.D. in engineering from the University of Reading, UK

http://www.linkedin.com/in/avrilsalter

2012 Avril Salter All rights reserved.

802.11ac Demystified Everything you need to know about 802.11ac

Dr. Avril Salter September, 2012

Avril Salter 2012

What we are Discussing

Timelines and industry forecasts

Key 802.11ac features

Strategic recommendations

Avril Salter 2012

Use Case

Wireless display Webcam

streaming Projection to TV

Distribution of HDTV and other content Home Airplane Remote

medical assistance

Backhaul traffic

Transfer of large files Surveillance Sync and go Back up

Manufacturing automation

Campus and auditorium deployments Tele-

presence

Avril Salter 2012

802.11 Standards 802.11 1 & 2 Mbps, 2.4 GHz RF, infrared (1997)

802.11a 54 Mbps, 5 GHz (1999)

802.11b Enhancements to 5.5 & 11 Mbps (1999)

802.11c Bridge operations, part of 802.1D (2001)

802.11d International extensions (2001)

802.11e QoS enhancements (2005)

802.11F Inter-access point protocol (withdrawn)

802.11g 54 Mb/s, 2.4 GHz standard (2003)

802.11h Spectrum managed 802.11a (5 GHz) (2004)

802.11i Enhanced security (2004)

802.11j Extensions for Japan (2004)

802.11k Radio resource measurements (May 2008)

802.11m Maintenance of the standard.

802.11-2007 New standard release (2007)

802.11-2011 New standard release (Mar 2012)

802.11n Higher throughput (2009)

802.11p Wireless access vehicular environment (2010)

802.11r Fast BSS transition (2008)

802.11s Mesh networking (2011)

802.11T Wireless performance prediction (cancelled)

802.11u Interworking with non-802 networks (2011)

802.11v Wireless network management (2011)

802.11w Protected management frames (2009)

802.11y 36503700 MHz operation in the U.S. (2008)

802.11z Extensions to direct link setup (DLS) (2010)

802.11aa Robust streaming of audio/video (June 2012)

802.11ac Very high throughput

Avril Salter 2012

Wi-Fi Alliance Certification

Wi-Fi Alliance interoperability programs for Very High Throughput in 5 GHz (802.11ac) are

In development

Could we see draft ac certified products in the next few months?

Avril Salter 2012

Comparison with 802.11n

IEEE 802.11n IEEE 802.11ac

Frequency Band 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz 5 GHz only

Channel Width 20, 40 MHz 20, 40, 80 MHz (160 MHz optional)

Spatial Streams 1 to 4 1 to 8 total up to 4 per client

Multi-user MIMO No Yes

Single Stream (1x1) Maximum Client Data Rate

150 Mb/s 433 Mb/s*

Three Stream (3x3) Maximum Client Data Rate

450 Mb/s 1.3 Gb/s*

* Assumes a 80MHz channel

MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output

Avril Salter 2012

What the Analysts are Saying

802.11ac chipsets (ABI Research) Small volumes in 2012 Significant increase in 2013 Most will be 802.11n/802.11ac

dual-band chipsets

802.11ac enabled devices (In-Stat) Mobile devices will dominate shipments

1B by 2015 800M 802.11ac mobile phones

Mobile hotspots 802.11ac enabled in 2015

Enterprise-grade 802.11ac Wi-Fi equipment (equipment vendors) Expected to ship early 2013

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

4000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

Tri-Band n/ac/ad

Dual-Band n/ac Dual-Band n

Single-Band n

Wi-Fi Chipset Shipments (Millions)

Source: ABI Research

Avril Salter 2012

Global Availability of Spectrum Drives Pricing

Shows NA channel plan

140

136

132

128

124

120

116

112

108

104

100

165

161

157

153

149

64

60

56

52

48

44

40

36 IEEE

Channel #

20 MHz

40 MHz

80 MHz

5170 MHz

5330 MHz

5490 MHz

5730 MHz

5735 MHz

5835 MHz

144

160 MHz

Avril Salter 2012

Backward Compatible with 802.11n

OFDM with the same subcarrier spacing as 802.11n

128 subcarriers in a 40 MHz channel

108 data carriers

6 Pilot tones at -53, -25, -11, 11, 25, 53

14 Null tones at -64 to -59, -1, 0, 1, 59 to 63

40MHz

Pilot Pilot Pilot Pilot Null Nulls Nulls Pilot Pilot

OFDM = Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Avril Salter 2012

Wider Channels mean Higher Data Rates

Bandwidth (MHz)

Number of Subcarriers

Number of data subcarriers

Maximum data rate Pilots Nulls

20 64 52 87 Mb/s 4 8

40 128 108 200 Mb/s 6 14

80 256 234 433 Mb/s 8 14

160 512 468 867 Mb/s 16 28

80+80 256+256 234+234 867 Mb/s 16 28

Data rates assumes 1 spatial stream 256-QAM 400ns guard interval

Avril Salter 2012

Optional Client Features

Feature that are also in 802.11n

400 ns short guard interval

Space Time Block Coding (STBC)

Low Density Parity Check (LDPC ) codes

Features not in 802.11n

256-QAM modulation

2 to 8 spatial streams

Multi-User MIMO (MU-MIMO)

MIMO = Multiple Input Multiple Output, QAM = Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

Avril Salter 2012

Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

Single antenna 802.11ac devices

E.g. tablet, smart phone

433 Mb/s

Same power consumption and battery life as 802.11n 150 Mb/s solution

Wireless Performance Comparison Antenna Configuration 802.11n 802.11ac

Single Stream (1x1) 150 Mb/s 433 Mb/s*

Dual Stream (2x2) 300 Mb/s 867 Mb/s*

Three Stream (3x3) 450 Mb/s 1.3 Gb/s* * Assuming a 80 MHz channel

Avril Salter 2012

How Beamforming Works

Consists of several antenna elements

Each signal has a different gain (g) and phase ()

A beam is formed by combining these signals

A beam can be steered by varying the gain and phase

Does not require the client to

have multiple antennas

Avril Salter 2012

Introducing Multi-User MIMO

Sometimes referred to as virtual MIMO

If two subscribers are spatially separated

Create two beams using the same channel

Increases capacity

2014

Avril Salter 2012

Strategic Question

Should I buy now or later?

Avril Salter 2012

Strategic Recommendations

Measure the growth in your wireless traffic

Many business exceeding forecasts

Emerging success factor for many businesses

When will you need more capacity

Avril Salter 2012

Strategic Recommendations

Plan, plan, plan

802.11ac substantially Increases deployment complexity

Wider and few channels

Regulatory variances

Beamforming

RF management and control essential

Avril Salter 2012

Strategic Recommendations

Get ready for the next generation of wireless devices

Increased usage of tablets and smart phones in the enterprise

Rapid replacement of mobile devices

Avril Salter 2012

Thank You.

Thank You

Attribution: All images licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 license

802.11ac Demystified Market and Meru view of the 802.11ac solution

BYOD 802.11ac Adoption

24 Source ABI Research

MCS Index Modulation 800ns GI 400ns GI 800ns GI 400ns GI 800ns GI 400ns GI 800ns GI 400ns GI0 BPSK 6.5 7.2 13.5 15 29.3 32.5 58.5 651 QPSK 13 14.4 27 30 58.5 65 117 1302 QPSK 19.5 21.7 40.5 45 87.8 97.5 175.5 1953 16-QAM 26 28.9 54 60 117 130 234 2604 16-QAM 39 43.3 81 90 175.5 195 351 3905 64-QAM 52 57.8 108 120 234 260 468 5206 64-QAM 58.5 65 121.5 135 263.3 292.5 526.5 5857 64-QAM 65 72.2 135 150 292.5 325 585 6508 256-QAM 78 86.7 162 180 351 390 702 7809 256-QAM n/a n/a 180 200 390 433.3 780 866.7

20Mhz 40Mhz 80Mhz 160MhzSingle Spatial Stream Data Rates (Nss=1)

Why Smartphones and Tablets will Adopt 802.11ac

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Source IEEE 802.11ac Draft

Why Smartphones and Tablets will Adopt 802.11ac

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802.11n vs 802.11ac Power Requirements

Source Broadcom

Multi-User MIMO

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Two spatial streams

Two spatial streams One spatial stream

One spatial stream

Allows a MU-AP to transmit at high date rates simultaneously to multiple clients Maximum 4 stations allowed per MU-MIMO transmission Additional streams on the AP leverage to support multiple single-stream clients

Provides better channel reuse in single channel, enables higher client density within any Single Channel

Beamforming

Phased Array Beamforming

Switched or adaptive

Proprietary and unidirectional

Chip-based Beamforming

standards-based

Explicit and Implicit feedback

Supported by APs and clients

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Beamforming Benefits and Challenges

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Early Test Results

BENEFITS Standardized approach Provides better rate at range Will be leveraged by all access

point and client vendors

CHALLENGES Implementations will have to

address: sticky clients hidden nodes under served clients

DFS

Not allowed in Europe

Wider channels: 80MHz and 160MHz

Available Channels for 11ac

48

IEEE channel # 20 MHz 40 MHz 80 MHz

5170 MHz

5330 MHz

5490 MHz

5730 MHz

5735 MHz

5835 MHz

160 MHz

36

40

44

60

52

64

116

56

136

132

124

120

108

100

104

128

112

165

161

157

140

153

Weather radar

Not allowed in North America

149

144

30

DFS = Dynamic Frequency Selection

Including DFS Excluding DFS Channel Size US EUROPE US EUROPE 40 MHz 8 9 4 2

80 MHz 4 5 2 1

160 MHz 2 2

80+80 MHz 1 2 1

Wider channels means fewer of them!

Higher Data Rates Require Better SNR

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Source Broadcom

Deploy 802.11n Today or Wait for 802.11ac?

Configuration 802.11n 40MHz 802.11ac 40MHz 802.11ac 80MHz Single radio 2x2:2 300Mbps 400Mbps 866.7Mbps

Single radio 3x3:3 450Mbps 600Mbps 1.3Mbps

Dual radio 3x3:3 900Mbps* 1.2Gpbs 2.6Mbps

Tri radio 3x3:3 1.35Gbps* 1.8Gbps 3.9Gpbs

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High Data Rates are available today with current 802.11n products

Sufficient capacity for

most apps and use cases

25% Higher capacity than 11n equivalent

802.11ac Adoption Timeline

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Innovators Early Adopters Early Majority Late Majority Laggards

EOY 2012 2x2:2 Laptops

Some USB Gaming bridges

2014 2nd Gen Enterprise Equipment

160 MHz Channels MU-MIMO

Additional Streams

Q2 2013 1x1:1 Smartphones

and Tablets Now Retail

electronics

H1 2013 1st Gen Enterprise Equipment

3x3:3 radios 80 MHz Channels

Beam forming 1.3 Gbps per radio

Impact of 802.11ac on WLAN Date: October 10, 2012 Time: 10am PST / 1pm EST / 6:00pm GMT Speakers: Robert Crisp VP, Worldwide Systems Engineering Meru Networks Craig Mathias Principal Farpoint Group

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Questions?

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802.11ac Demystified802.11ac DemystifiedSpeakers:Avril Salter, PhDVP of FacultyApplied Learning Solutions Brett SchaveySr. Director of Technical MarketingMeru NetworksDr. Avril Salters Biography802.11ac DemystifiedWhat we are DiscussingUse Case802.11 StandardsWi-Fi Alliance CertificationComparison with 802.11nWhat the Analysts are SayingGlobal Availability of Spectrum Drives PricingBackward Compatible with 802.11nWider Channels mean Higher Data RatesOptional Client FeaturesMultiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)How Beamforming WorksIntroducing Multi-User MIMOStrategic QuestionStrategic RecommendationsStrategic RecommendationsStrategic RecommendationsThank You.802.11ac DemystifiedBYOD 802.11ac AdoptionWhy Smartphones and Tablets will Adopt 802.11acWhy Smartphones and Tablets will Adopt 802.11acMulti-User MIMOBeamformingBeamforming Benefits and ChallengesWider channels: 80MHz and 160MHz Higher Data Rates Require Better SNRDeploy 802.11n Today or Wait for 802.11ac?802.11ac Adoption TimelineImpact of 802.11ac on WLANDate:October 10, 2012Time: 10am PST / 1pm EST / 6:00pm GMTSpeakers:Robert CrispVP, Worldwide Systems EngineeringMeru NetworksCraig MathiasPrincipalFarpoint GroupSlide Number 35Slide Number 36