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Mentoring Graduate Students and Post-Docs
Tony Nunez and Julius Jackson
The Graduate School
November 3 2009
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Double Bind
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Sunny Skies
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Implicit Expectations
Implicit Expectations: Not stated and rarely understood.
• “What didn’t you understand about what I didn’t tell you?”
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Explicit Expectations
Explicit Expectations:
• Clearly Stated
• Checked for understanding
• Unilaterally or jointly set
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Window of “Negotiable” Expectations
ExplicitJoint
Unil at er al
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Implicit
Power Differential and Unilateral Decisions
• If your intention is to make a unilateral decision, make this clear from the outset.
• Negotiation is not manipulation.
First Steps:
• Agreement about the context and previously set expectations.
• Identify the “issue” as a question that needs to be answer.
Strategies
• Positional Strategy
• Interest-based Strategy
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Positional Approach
A position is a claim that one makes as the best (or only)answer to a pressing question (issue) .
• “As PI, I will be first-author of any publication from the lab based on a Masters thesis”
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
A
A
What I WantB
What I Want
Position
The Positional Approach for Setting Expectations
ISSUE
Position
BC
CompromiseThe Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Interest-based Approach
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
Interests are needs that must be satisfied and values that must be preserved when searching for answers to a pressing question (issue).
•Self-esteem•Good working relationships•Research excellence•Funding
A
The Interest-Based ApproachIssue
1234
Interests Options
B
567
ABCDEFG
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
The Interest-Based Approach
Issue
1234
ABCD
Interests Options
Evaluation
EFG
567
A
CA
A
A
C
D
C
D
D
F
F
D F
F
F
F
The Graduate SchoolMichigan State University 2007
CONTEXT
ISSUE
DECISION
INTERESTS
OPTIONS
Interest-based setting of expectations
Interest-based setting of expectations
