Memory and Periphery, Special Issue

7/25/2019 Memory and Periphery, Special Issue

1/170

!"#"$

%&'()*+ )- .'/&'0*1 23/)&4 5-( 6(*-&)&)*+

!"#$%& () *+,-&. )/(0

1234567

6&$- 6&+,8 9&,:.+;&%


2/170

K )/(0

B## 6+L;-G 6&G&.M&:

9&,NF$.+", D,+M&.G+-I "O -;& P&L&M4;& Q8R$#-I "O E$%8,+-+&G S 7"R+8# 7R+&,R&G

C8I"$- 8,: R"M&. :&G+L,T 78.8 C&MIH 9&&.N7;&M8

@.+,-&: =I 9FD @.+,- D,+-H 3G.8


3/170

.?=>%

!"#$ !"&'" ("')*&+",- ./0& .1012"3 1') 4/*& !1,

@.&O8R& U

./0& .1012"3?&%".I 8,: V&.+V;&.IT B, +,-.":$R-+", W

5'3" 6&'3"*$

6&NM+&X+,L -;& %8.L+,GT @&.+V;&.8# %&%".I 8,: .&%,8,-G "O X8. +, )Y-;& 18G- F&.%8, 21QB O+#%H A8.=+:& 8,: 7".. ZQ.8,> 9&I&.H ([\Y]

5,7 81*"7

7"M+&- .&O#&R-+",GT ?$G+RH ,"G-8#L+8 8,: V&.G",;"": 8%",L ZV"G-N]7"M+&- 0\+%%+L.8,-G +, B%&.+R8

9#2&1 :*""$

@&.+V;&.8# -" -;& V8G-T ?&%".I 8,: %+R.";+G-".I WY

!") :+&);"7

9&-X&&, -;& -;&.8V&$-+R 8,: -;& :&%"R.8-+R^ ?&:+8-+,L :+G8=+#+-I [/%&%".+&G ",#+,&

='

?&%".I 8G ;8$,-+,L (((

$*@/*8&)3-+

?1@1 50#*10&1

4;& 9&:"$+,NB.8= ;+G-".+R8# %&%".IT 2"R$%&,-+,L -;& G+#&,R&: (Y\M"+R&G "O -;& %8.L+,G

8#7 ("&'"*

?&%".I 8,: V&.+V;&.I +, 3.,: (Y_


4/170

6"$"* :1**&"*

F"GG+V 8,: -;& O".%8-+", "O V&.+V;&.I "M&. -+%& (0)

A"1 >1B&)

?&%".I R",G-.$R-+", ", -;& 1$."V&8, D,+", G V&.+V;&.+&GT (0018G- 1$."V&8, 8,: O".%&. a$L"G#8M R"$,-.+&G

CD1 >/,1'E31

6&-;+,>+,L %&%".I 8,: V&.+V;&.I +, -;& 8L& "O B,-;."V"R&,& (0_

1'&"2 A"B7A&,-&.+,L %,&%",+R V&.+V;&.+&GT Q."% ;&."+R M+R-".G -" (U[:&G&.M+,L M+R-+%G

8"*) ?"012)

7V8-+8#+b+,L %&%".I (\(

9/+' ?#$$/'

A&,-.8# 8,: V&.+V;&.8# V&.GV&R-+M&G +, 8$-"=+"L.8V;+R8# %&%".I (\Y


5/170

G585! ?$#)&"E &' :#2$#*"- 6/2&$7 1') I)"'$&$&"E J/2K LM F&'$"* MNLOK PQR

20*@58*

61D4 613P1 91P263E1?H G X;8- R",G-+-$-&G V&.+V;&.8# V&.GV&R-+M&G +, -;& G-$:I

"O %&%".I 8,: X;8- G$R; V&.GV&R-+M&G R8, 8:: -" -;+G +%V".-8,- .&G&8.R; O+:J

*& &:+-".G ;8M& G-.",L#I O- -;& ,&&: O". V&.+V;&.8#H 8#-&.,8-+M& V&.GV&R-+M&G

:$.+,L -;& X".> ", -;+G GV&R+8# +GG$&H X;&, -;& @8#&G-+,+8,N3G.8+ R",O#+R- ;8G

.&8R;&: ,&X V&8>G "O M+"#&,R&J 4;& 32Q`G %8GG+M& ="%=8.:%&,- "O :&,GI

V"V$#8-&: 8.&8G +, -;& F8b8 7-.+V 8,: -;& E8%8G` &d-&,G+M& 8,: #",LN.&8R;+,L

%+GG+#& O+.& 8- 3G.8+ R+-+&G ;8M& +,M"#M&: R+M+#+8,G +, 8, $,V.&R&:&,-&: %8,,&.J

BG =&O".&H %8,I :&V+R-+",G "O -;+G R",O#+R- V".-.8I&: 8 ",&NG+:&: +%8L&H X;+R;

G8X g-;& "-;&.Gh 8G G"#I .&GV",G+=#& O". -;& M+"#&,R&J a&- -;+G -+%& X&H 8G

3G.8+GH O8R&: 8 V.&M+"$G#I $,O8%+#+8. :&L.&& "O G"R+8##I 8RR&V-&: .8R+G% 8,:

+,:+OO&.&,R& -" ;$%8, #+O&H X;+R; X8G e$G-+O+&: $G+,L 8 ;+L;#I G&R-+M& :&V+R-+",

"O O".%&. R",O#+R-G 8,: :.8X+,L ", -;& -.8$%8 "O -;& E"#"R8$G- 8G 8 %I-;+R8#

GI%="# "O c&X+G; M+R-+%;"":J 68-;&. -;8, O"##"X G$R; R.$:& 8,: G+%V#+G-+R


6/170

\

!"#$ !"&'" ("')*&+",- ./0& .1012"3 1') 4/*& !1,

+,-&.V.&-8-+",GH -;& -&d-G L8-;&.&: +, -;+G +GG$& 8:M8,R& 8 M+&X "O %&%".I

-;8- V8IG 8--&,-+", -" -;& &dV&.+&,R&G "O -;& %8.L+,8#+b&:H &dV"G&G -;& V"X&.%&R;8,+G%G =&;+,: ;&L&%",+R ,8..8-+M&G R",R&.,+,L -;& V8G-H 8,: "OO&.G ,&X

X8IG -" R",R&+M& "O %&%".IJ


7/170

G585! ?$#)&"E &' :#2$#*"- 6/2&$7 1') I)"'$&$&"E J/2K LM F&'$"* MNLOK SQMM

9*:304 5-( 7*0)7;*04B "- )-&03('8&)3-(

$%&,-8.I] :+.&R-&: 8,: X.+--&, =I B%,", *+,,&.J 4;& O+#%`G X&=G+-& G-8-&G -;8- +-

-#GH X+-; 8, +.",+R 8,: G8-+.+R8# -",&H =$- X+-; 8 -"-8##I G&.+"$G O8j8:&H -;& G-".I"O -;& G-8-& "O 3G.8 8,: k+",+G%H X;+#& -.8R+,L -;& $G+M& 8RR"$,- "O 7;%$+,: "O 3G.8+ Q"..&G- F$%V]H T+".1$=,1' T1H"EV#8R&G ;+% 8- -;& R&,-&. "O ;+G-".+R8# &M&,-G 8,: .8+G&G 8 M8.+&-I "OM&.I .&8# R",R&.,G .&L8.:+,L -;& G-8-& "O k+",+G- +:&"#"LI 8,: +-G ."#& +, G;8V+,L 3G.8+G"R+&-IJ 4;& O+#% :"&G G" +, 8 G&.+&G "O +,-&.M+&XG X+-; M8.+"$G &dV&.-G 8,: V$=#+R

O+L$.&G 8,: V".-.8IG -;& :+.&R-".`G e"$.,&IG -" :+OO&.&,- V#8R&G 8."$,: -;& L#"=& +,".:&. -" O"##"X -;& G-".I "O -;+G #"G- O8-;&. O+L$.&J

3O X& R",G+:&. -;+G O+#% +, .-+", -" i$&G-+",G "O %&%".IH)X& R"$#: V"+,- -"

8- #&8G- O"$. :+OO&.&,- 8GV&R-G "O gV&.+V;&.+8#+-IJh Q+.G-H +, V".-.8I+,L 8 O+R-+",8#

R;8.8R-&. 8G 8 R&,-.8# 8R-". =&;+,: -;& GR&,&G "O 3G.8+ ;+G-".IH -;& O+#% R8, =&

G8+: -" G;+O- 8,: .&:&O+,& -;& -&.%G "O -;+G ;+G-".IJ 3- -;$G "OO&.G 8#-&.,8-+M&G -"

k+",+G- ,8..8-+M&G "O -;& 7-8-&`G V8G-H &dV"G&G +- -" R.+-+R+G% 8,: V.&G&,-G G"%& "O

+-G .+:+R$#"$G O8R&-G O."% $,&dV&R-&: 8,L#&GJ 7&R",:H X;+#& T+" .1$=,1' T1H"E

O"R$G&G ", -;& 7-8-& "O 3G.8H -;& :+.&R-".`G V"+,- "O M+&X R",G-8,-#I -8>&G -;&


8/170

_

!"#$ !&'()

M+&X&.G -" "-;&. R"$,-.+&G 8,: R",-+,&,-G -" .&O#&R- ", 3G.8`G V8G- 8,: V.&G&,-J 4;&

V#8R&G R;"G&, Z&JLJH 8 G%8## c8V8,&G& -"X,H 4">I"H E",L ] 8,: -;& V+R-$.&G -;& :+.&R-". -8>&G -;&.& G-.&-R; 8,: R;8##&,L& -;& O8%+#+8.

-"V"L.8V;I "O k+",+G- ,8..8-+M&GJ 4;+G =&R"%&G %"G- "=M+"$G X;&, -;& :+.&R-".l

,8..8-". 8G>G X;8- G;"$#: =& -;& O+.G- G-8-+", +, &,8b+ :+8GV".8 -" -;&

#8,: "O 3G.8 X+-;+, 8, $,$G$8# -.8,G,8-+",8# V&.GV&R-+M&J 4;& -;+.: V&.+V;&.8#

8GV&R- .&O&.G -" M+"#&,R&H 8, +,-&L.8# V8.- "O -;& 3G.8+ .&8#+-IH X;+R; +, -;& O+#%

8VV&8.G ",#I ", -;& %8.L+,G "O -;& V#"-J 3, -;& O+.G- ;8#O "O T+" .1$=,1' T1H"EH X&

&,R"$,-&. 8 :+GR",,&R-+", =&-X&&, -;& -"V+RG &dV.&GG&: +, -;& O+L$.&G` :+8#"L$&G

Z:+GR$GG+,L ;+G-".IH =$- 8#G" &M&.I:8I R",R&.,G] 8,: -;& R8%&.8`G G;".- L#8,R&G 8-

-;& ;&8:#+,&G "O ,&XGV8V&.G -;8- .&V".- -;& :&8-; "O 3G.8+G +, -&..". 8--8R>GJ 9I

+,R".V".8-+,L -;&G& ;&8:#+,&GH -;& :+.&R-". 8::GH X+-;"$- .&8##I :+M&.-+,L O."% ;+G

G&8.R; O".


9/170

[

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

4;& GV&R+8# +GG$& +G :+M+:&: +,-" -;.&& V8.-GJ 4;& +,-.":$R-+", X+## G>&-R; -;& -&.%G

"O "$. :+GR$GG+", 8,: V"+,- -" M8.+"$G V"GG+=#& :+.&R-+",G +, &d8%+,+,L -;& %&%".I"O V&.+V;&.I 8,: -;& V&.+V;&.I "O %&%".IJ 4;& O+M& 8.-+R#&G -;8- O"##"X L" +, :&V-;

+,-" :+M&.G& GV&R+O+R R",G-#8-+",G "O -;& -"V+R O."% :+OO&.&,- :+GR+V#+,&GJ 4;& O+,8#

V8.- V.&G&,-G &M&, G;".- .&O#&R-+",G ", %&%".I 8,: V&.+V;&.I =I GR;"#8.G X;"

;8M& :&8#- X+-; -;&G& R",R&V-G O."% 8 M8.+&-I "O G-8,:V"+,-GJ 4;& %$#-+V#+R+-I "O

"$-#"">GH :+GR+V#+,8.I 8VV."8R;&G 8,: V&.R&V-+",G -;8- -;& R",-.+=$-+",G -" -;+G

GV&R+8# +GG$& V.&G&,- 8.& +,;&.&,- -" -;& G$=e&R- %8--&.H X;+R; R."GG&G -;&%&GH

V#8R&G 8,: V&.+":GJ 4;&G& :+OO&.&,R&G X&.& +,-&,-+",8##I G"$L;- +, ".:&. -" -.8R&

8G %8,I %&8,+,LG 8,: $G&G 8G V"GG+=#&H 8,: -;&I :&O+,+-I R8,,"- =& R",G+:&.&:

R"%V.&;&,G+M&J 3, GV+-& "O -;& :+GG+%+#8.+-+&GH V.8R-+R8##I 8## "O -;& R",-.+=$-+",G -"

-;+G GV&R+8# +GG$& V$.G$& 8 =8G+R $,:&.G-8,:+,L "O V&.+V;&.I 8G R",G-+-$-+,L 8 #&GG

M+G+=#&H ,&L#&R-&: 8,: .&%"-& O8R-". Z"O M8.+"$G G".-G] -;8-H V.&R+GI =&R8$G& "O

+-G %8.L+,8#+-I Z;"X&M&. R",R&+M&:]H V."M+:&G 8,: &,8=#&G 8, $,$G$8# V&.GV&R-+M&

-;8- R"$#: G&.M& -" R;8##&,L& 8,: &,.+R; V.&R",R&+M&: 8,8#I-+R ,"-+",G 8G X# 8G

.8+G& V"#+-+R8# 8,: &-;+R8# +GG$&GJ

.*-&*0 5-( 7*0)7;*04

C&- $G O+.G- .&M+&X R"%%", :&O+,+-+",G 8,: $G8L&G "O gV&.+V;&.Ih +, .-+", -" +-G

Z8- #&8G- +%V#+&:] R"$,-&.V8.-H gR&,-&.Hh 8,: R",G+:&. V&.+V;&.I`G &V+G-&%+R V"-&,-+8#JF&,&.8##I GV&8>+,LH -;& R",-.8G- "O R&,-&. X+-; V&.+V;&.I +G &%V#"I&: 8G 8, ".L8,+b+,L-""# =8G&: ", -;& .-+", "O +G"#8-&: V"+,-G ZR&,-&.] -" -;& G$.O8R& -;8- G$.."$,:G-;&% ZV&.+V;&.I]J 4;+G :&V+R-+", 8GG+L,G R&.-8+, .&%"-&,&GG -" -X" Z". %".&] "=e&R-GH-"V+RGH V#8R&GH "V+,+",G 8,: -;& #+>& -;8- G;8.& Z". 8.& G$=G$%&: $,:&.] -;& G8%&L&,&.8# O.8%&J A&,-&.G G&.M& 8G O"R8# V"+,-G =&R8$G& -;&I G-8,: ;+L; +, 8, ".:&. "OGI%="#GH M8#$&GH =+&OG ". V"X&. 8,: "O-&, 8#G" :$& -" R",G+:&.8-+",G "O V;IG+R8##"R8-+",J 3, +-G &d-.&%& O".%H R&,-&.mV&.+V;&.I 8GG$%&G 8 R",-.8G- -;8- +G gG-8=#&&,"$L; +,:&&: -" G-8,: O". -;& L&"L.8V;+R :+G-8,R& =&-X&&, -X" b",&GJ 3- R",G-+-$-&G8 -X"N:+%&,G+",8# %8VV+,Ln8 %8VV+,L X+-;"$- V&.GV&R-+M8# +##$G+",GH :&R&V-+",G ".

8%=+L$+-+&Gh ZF$%=.&R;-H ([[WT)W)]JP&M&.-;&GGH -;& :+M+:+,L #+,&G =&-X&&, R&,-&.G 8,: V&.+V;&.+&G 8.& "O-&, =#$..&:J

4;&+. .&GV&R-+M& #"R8-+",G 8.&@"2$8,: R8,,"- =& V+,V"+,-&: 8,: 8.-+R$#8-&: +, 8 %8,,&.-;8- 8## R"$#: 8L.&& ",J07R;"#8.G ;8M& V"+,-&: "$- -;8-H &M&, +, %":&., G"R+&-+&GHX;&.& G-8-&G +%V#&%&,- R&,-.8#+b+,L %&8G$.&G 8,: 8GV+.& -" -"-8#+-IH -;& +,-&.V#8I=&-X&&, R&,-&. 8,: V&.+V;&.I +G O.8$L;- X+-; R",-.8:+R-+",G 8,: +,R",G+G-&,R+&GZC&O&=M.&H ([[(TYY(mYY0]J 4;&I :&GR.+=& -;& G$GR&V-+=+#+-I "O R&,-&.G -" M8.+"$G:&L.&&G "O %"M8=+#+-I 8,: i$&G-+", -;&+. G"#+:+-I 8,: :$.8=+#+-IJ 3,G-&8: "O R#&8.:+G-+,R-+",G +, 8 -X"N:+%&,G+",8# %8VV+,LH GR;"#8.G 8.& +,R.&8G+,L#I GV&8>+,L "O


10/170

(/

!"#$ !&'()

+,N=&-X&&, 8.&8G 8,: &d8%+,+,L &,R"$,-&.GH R",,&R-+",G 8,: O.+R-+",G Z4G+,LH )//U]

+, O.",-+&.GH ="$,:8.+&GH =".:&.G Z2+&,&. 8,: E8L&,H )/(/f ?&bb8:.8 8,: P&+#G",H)/(Y]H &:L&G ZA8G&IH )/((] 8,: 8#-&.,8-+M& GV8R&G Z?&L+##H )//[]J 4;&I -$., -;&+.8--&,-+", -" %"=+#+-I 8,: %"M&%&,- .8-;&. -;8, G&--#& O". G-8=#& #"R8-+",G 8,: G-8-+RR8-&L".+&G ZB,:"#V; 8,: BM.$-+,H )/()f 7-&.,;#H )/()]J

4;& R&,-&.mV&.+V;&.I GR;&%& G&&%G -" G&.M& ,"X8:8IG V.+%8.+#I 8G 8 -8.L&- O".R.+-+R+G% 8,: :&R",G-.$R-+",J 4;& R#&8. :+G-+,R-+", =&-X&&, -;& -X" &%&,-G "O -;+G8,8#I-+R8# :$" +G .-+M+b&: 8,: $G&: -" +,-.":$R& #+%+,8# 8,: %$#-+:+%&,G+",8#,"-+",GH X;+R; 8RR"$,- O". -;& +,R.&8G+,L g:&-&..+-".+8#+b8-+",G "O V&"V#&H %8--&.HR$#-$.&H 8.-H &-RJh Z68%8:8,H )//WT(0Yf G&& 8#G" F;"G;N7R;#;"., 8,: B#&d8,:&.H)//\]J 3, +-G O$,R-+", 8G 8 GR;"#8.#I V$,R;+,L =8LH R&,-&.mV&.+V;&.I R",-+,$&G -"V#8I 8, +%V".-8,- ."#& +, i$&G-+",+,L -;& $G& "O =+,8.I R8-&L".+&G 8,: .&R",G+:&.+,L+GG$&G "O G"R+8# e$G-+R&H V"X&. 8,: -;& V.":$R-+", "O >,"X#&:L&J @"G-NR"#",+8#8,: O&%+,+G- R.+-+RG ;8M& &GV&R+8##I :&V+R-&: g-;& %8.L+,Gh 8G G+-&G +%=$&: X+-;-.8,GL.&GG+M& R8V8R+-I -;8- R"$#: :&G-8=+#+b& 8,: -.8,GO".% -;& .&GV&R-+M& R&,-&. =IG;+O-+,L g%8.L+,8#+-I X;+R; +G +%V"G&: =I "VV.&GG+M& G-.$R-$.&G o-"p %8.L+,8#+-I ",&R;""G&G 8G 8 G+-& "O .&G+G-8,R&h Z;"">GH ([[/T(UY]J BRR".:+,L -" G"%& M8.+8,-G "O -;+GM+&XH g%8.L+,8#+b&: G$=e&R-G ;8M& 8, &V+G-&%+R 8:M8,-8L&H 8 V8.-+R$#8. V&.GV&R-+M&-;8- GR;"#8.G G;"$#: R",G+:&.H +O ,"- 8:"V-H X;&, R.8O-+,L 8 ,".%8-+M& M+G+", "O 8 e$G-G"R+&-Ih ZP8G;H )//_TY]J

4;+G M+&X +G ,"- X+-;"$- +-G %&-;":"#"L+R8# -.8VGJU

P&M&.-;&GGH -;& &V+G-&%+RV"-&,-+8# "O V&.+V;&.8# V&.GV&R-+M&G G;"$#: ,"- =& :"$=-&:J 7R;"#8.#I 8--&,-+", -"V&.+V;&.+&G ZX+-; ". X+-;"$- &dV#+R+- .&O&.&,R& -" 8 R#&8. R&,-&. ". R".&] V."M+:&G$,R"%%", 8,: -;"$L;-NV."M">+,L +,G+L;-G -;8- R"$#: ;V .&M8%V &d+G-+,L .&G&8.R;+,-&.&G-GJ 4;& &d8%V#&G O". -;8- 8.& +,:&&: -#+,L ZA;8>.8=8.-IH )///f 2+,&.H )//_f@-",&,H )//(]J 9$- G+,R& R&,-&.G 8,: V&.+V;&.+&G 8.& ,"- G-8-+R 8,: -;& -&.%G 8,:"=e&R-G "O %8.L+,8#+b8-+", 8.& R8G&NGV&R+O+R 8,: %$-8=#&H X& %$G- =& 8=#& -" G;+O-"$. 8--&,-+", 8RR".:+,L#I .8-;&. -;8, =#+,:#I 8:"V- V.&R",R&+M&: ,"-+",G 8,:V.&:+R-8=#& 8R8:&%+R V.8R-+R&GJ B O#&d+=#& 8--+-$:& -;8- V8IG 8--&,-+", -" R;8,L&G 8,:-.8,GO".%8-+",G R"$#: R"$,-&. G-8L,8-+", 8,: "M&.- R",M&,-+",8#+b8-+", 8,: I+:

+,,"M8-+M& 8,8#I-+R V&.GV&R-+M&GJ 4;& .&%8+,:&. "O -;+G +,-.":$R-+", &d8%+,&G G"%&"O -;&G& V&.GV&R-+M&GJ

9*:30)*+ 3@ &;* :50C)-5/)D*(

B R"%%", 8VV."8R; -" -;& %&%".I "O V&.+V;&.I G&&>G 8#-&.,8-+M& 8,: #"R8# 8RR"$,-G"O %8.L+,8# G$=e&R-G 8,: 8VV.&R+8-&G -;&+. V8.-+R$#8. V&.R&V-+",G 8,: &dV&.+&,R&GJ4;+G 8VV."8R; O.&i$&,-#I O"##"XG 8 :&%"R.8-+R +%V$#G& -;8- 8+%G -" g.&:&&%h$,:&.V.+M+#&L&: L."$VGH :+%+,+G; -;&+. ZV;IG+R8# ". "-;&.] :+G-8,R& O."% -;&+.


11/170

((

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

.&GV&R-+M& R&,-&.GH\8,: V."M+:& -;&% X+-; G"R+8# .&R"L,+-+",J ?8,I GR;"#8.G GV&8>

8RR".:+,L#I "O V&"V#&`G g.+L;- -" %&%".Ih ZC&& 8,: 4;"%8GH )/()f 6&8:+,LH )/(0]8G 8, +%V".-8,- &%&,- "O G"R+8# e$G-+R&H :$& -" -;& ."#& %&%".I V#8IG +, &G-8=#+G;+,LR"##&R-+M& +:&,-+-+&G 8,: =&R8$G& "O -;& R",,&R-+", =&-X&&, R",-&%V".8.I +,&i$8#+-I8,: V8G- :+GR.+%+,8-+",JW

B R"%%",#I $G&: R",R&V- -;8- 8::.&GG&G -;& V"X&. .-+",G +%V#+R8-&: +,%8.L+,8#+b&: %&%".I +G E&2"'U&';J 4;& -&.% G-.&GG&G G"R+8# 8R-".G` 8R-+M& &OO".-G -"&dR#$:& R&.-8+, V&"V#& 8,: G-".+&G O."% R"##&R-+M& :&V+R-+",G "O -;& V8G-J 7+#&,R+,Lg:&8#G X+-; -;& %8,I X8IG +, X;+R; -;& V.":$R-+", "O ;+G-".+R8# ,8..8-+M&G +,M"#M&G-;& $,&M&, R",-.+=$-+", "O R"%V&-+,L L."$VG 8,: +,:+M+:$8#G X;" ;8M& $,&i$8#8RR&GG -" -;& %&8,G "O G$R; V.":$R-+",h Z4."$+##"-H ([[UTd+d]J 3, ".:&. -" =.&8>-;& G+#&,R&G -;8- R",G-+-$-& 8,: G$VV".- "VV.&GG+", 8,: +,&i$8#+-IH_ -;& G$=8#-&., +GL+M&, 8, "VV".-$,+-I -" GV&8>J 5.8# ;+G-".I +G -;$G $G&: -" gR#8%". 8L8+,G- -;& R.+%&"O G+#&,R&h ZC+%H )/(0T\]H O". +,G-8,R&H X;&, +,-&.M+&X+,L X+-,&GG&G -" -;& &M&,-G-;8- -""> V#8R& +, 4+8,8,%&, 7i$8.& +, ([_[H X;+R; -;& A;+,&G& .&L+%& +G -.I+,L -""=GR$.&J

BG -;.&& R",-.+=$-+",G -" -;+G +GG$& Z=I 6&: A;+:L&IH 78O8 B=$.8=+8 8,:

7;%$#+> C&:&.%8,] :&%",G-.8-&H ;"X&M&.H 8 ",&N:+%&,G+",8# :&V+R-+",

"O G+#&,R&. MGJ G+#&,R&: Z". -;& V&.+V;&.I`G .&G+G-8,R& 8L8+,G- -;& R&,-&.`G

"VV.&GG+",] %+L;- %+GG -;& %$#-+V#& O8R-".G -;8- V8.-+R+V8-& +, -;& %8.L+,8#+b8-+",

"O %+,".+-+&G` %&%".+&GH -;& GV&R+O+R O".%G -;&G& %&%".+&G 8GG$%& 8,: -;&O$,R-+",G -;8- -;&I G&.M& +, -;& V&.+V;&.+&GJ Q$.-;&.%".&H G+,R& 8 R&.-8+, :&L.&&

"O gO".L&--+,Lh +G +%V&.8-+M& O". -;& R",G-.$R-+", "O 8 V"G+-+M& G&,G& "O GOH

G"%& %+,".+-+&G` R"%%&%".8-+M& +,+-+8-+M&G R;""G& ,"- -" :+GV#8I -;& %".&

V8+,O$# V8.-G "O -;&+. V8G-J 9I V&.O".%+,L 8 V8.-+8# GONG+#&,R+,LH %+,".+-+&G

R8, ="-; 8:M8,R& R"%%$,8# +:&,-+O+R8-+", =8G&: ", "V-+%+G-+R M8#$&G Z.8-;&.

-;8, ", %&%".+&G "O ;8-.&: 8,: M+"#&,R&] 8,: 8--&%V- -" 8VV&8# -" -;& %8e".+-I

V"V$#8-+", Z*8L&,;"O&.H )/(Y]J 3, ".:&. -" %8>& V"#+-+R8# 8,: G"R+8# 8GV+.8-+",G

.-8=#& 8,: V$=#+R#I &OO&R-+M&H G"%& %+,".+-+&G` +,+-+8-+M&G V.&O&. -" O"R$G ",

G+,L#& &M&,-GH G-".+&G ". V&.G",G -" :+M&. -;&+. %&GG8L&H 8#-;"$L; +, -;+G X8I

-;&I ,&L#&R- .&O&..+,L -" G"%& "O -;& L."$V`G &dV&.+&,R&G 8,: M"+R&G ZB.%G-.",L8,: A.8L&H )//\f 7R;X8.-bH )//[]J 4;+G %&8,G -;8- V"G+-+M& Z&%V"X&.+,L]

O".L&--+,L 8,: ,&L8-+M& Z.&V.&GG+M&] O".L&--+,L %8I R"&d+G- 8,: -;8- -;&+.

R"%=+,8-+", R"$#: =&R"%& +,G-.$%&,-8# +, 8--8+,+,L G"R+8# &i$8#+-I ". .&8R;+,L

.&R",R+#+8-+", =&-X&&, O".%&. O"&G Z98.>8,H )///f ?+Gb-8#H )/(/]J *& G;"$#:

8#G" .&%&%=&. -;8- G+#&,R&G ;8M& :+OO&.&,- %&8,+,LG 8,: R8$G&G ZF.&&,GV8,H

)/(0] 8,: %+L;- &dV.&GG V8.-+R$#8. R$#-$.8# V.8R-+R&G .8-;&. -;8, =& 8 V.":$R- "O

"VV.&GG+", Z


12/170

()

!"#$ !&'()

.&R"##&R-+",H X;+#& -8#> R8, =& $G&: -" &,;8,R& 8%,&G+8h Z!+,+-b>IN7&."$GG+ 8,:

4&&L&.H )/(/T((/0f G&& 8#G" A",,&.-",H )//_]J 7$R; R",G+:&.8-+",G &G-8=#+G; -;&,&&: -" 8::.&GG -;& %&%".I "O V&.+V;&.I 8G V8.- "O 8 R"%V#&d G&- "O O8R-".G -;8-

L" =&I",: 8 R.$:& V"X&. G-.$LL#& X;&.& -;& R&,-&. +G +:&,-+O+&: X+-; G+#&,R+,Ll

O".L&--+,L 8,: V&.+V;&.I X+-; .&%&%=.8,R&J

E30:5&)3-1 &05-+@30:5&)3-

4;& G-$:I "O %&%".I 8,: V&.+V;&.I :"&G ,"-H ;"X&M&.H 8VV#I G"#I -" i$&G-+",G

"O G"R+8# .&R"L,+-+",J B ,$%=&. "O .&O#&R-+", V+&R&G +, -;+G +GG$& V"+,- "$- -;&

."#& "O %,&%",+R V."R&GG&G +, -;& O".%8-+", 8,: -.8,GO".%8-+", "O V&.+V;&.+&GJ@&-&. A8..+&. "OO&.G 8 ,&X .&8:+,L "O -;& G"R+8# ;+G-".I "O C&+R&G-&. -;8- -.8R&G

-;& ."#& "O %&%".I 8,: L"GG+V +, -;& R.&8-+", "O G"R+8# V&.+V;&.+&G 8G -&%V".8#

&,-+-+&GJ 3, G" :"+,LH ;& V."M+:&G 8 O8GR+,8-+,L +##$G-.8-+", "O -;& %$#-+:+.&R-+",8#+-I

"O -;& %&%".ImV&.+V;&.I #+,>J C&8 28M+: :+GR$GG&G ;"X -;& O"$,:8-+", "O -;&

1$."V&8, D,+", 8,: -;& R"##8VG& "O -;& A"%%$,+G- .&L+%&G &G-8=#+G;&: 8 ,&X

%&%".I V&.+V;&.I +, 1$."V&J *;+#& -;& 1D V$G;&G O". -;& V.":$R-+", "O G;8.&:

8--+-$:&G +, -&.%G "O 1$."V&8, %&%".IH +- ;8G +, O8R- #&: -" R",-.8:+R-".I 8,:

R"%V&-+,L ,8..8-+M&G "O -;& R",-+,&,-`G V8G-GH 8 O+,:+,L -;8- +##$G-.8-&G -;8- -;&

V"G-NA"%%$,+G- G-8-&G :.8X ", R+.R#&G "O %&8,+,L ,"- #+%+-&: -" -;& 1$."V&8,

O.8%&X".>J28,+ C&MI 8.L$&G -;8- -;& L."X+,L 8--&,-+", "O %&%".I GR;"#8.G -" V&.+V;&.8#

%&%".+&G +,:+R8-&G -;8- -;& %8.L+,8# ;8G %"M&: R&,-&. G-8L&J 3, V"+,-+,L -" -;&

G;+O-+,L V"G+-+",G "O GR;"#8.#I M+&XG R",R&.,+,L -;& %&%".+&G "O R&,-&. 8,:

V&.+V;&.IH ;+G V+&R& R"$#: =& $G&: -" V",:&. ", X;&-;&. -;& gR&,-.8#+b8-+",h "O

%,&%",+R V&.+V;&.+&G 8#G" %&8,G -;& gV&.+V;&.8#+b8-+",h "O -;& .&GV&R-+M& R&,-&.GJ

E&,.I F.&&,GV8, .&M&8#G 8 :+OO&.&,- >+,: "O G;+O- .&L8.:+,L X;8- R"%V.+G&G -;&

R&,-.8# 8,: -;& %8.L+,8# +, +,-&.M+&XG X+-; 8 E"#"R8$G- G$.M+M".J E& :&%",G-.8-&G

;"X R",:$R-+,L %$#-+V#& +,-&.M+&XG X+-; -;& G8%& V&.G", $,R"M&.G M8.+"$G 8,:

%8##&8=#& M&.G+",G "O ",&`G V8G- 8,: M8.I+,L X8IG "O O.8%+,L +-H -;$G .&%+,:+,L $G

X& G;"$#: ,"- 8RR&V- 8 V8.-+R$#8. ,8..8-+M& R",G-#8-+", 8G -;& G"#& 8,: g-.$&h ",&J

3, "-;&. R",-&d-GH GR;"#8.G ;8M& "=G&.M&: -;& gX8,:&.+,Lh "O V&.+V;&.+&G 8,:

-;& ."#& "O %&%".I +, -;&+. 8#-&.&: R",G-+-$-+",J E&.%8, C&="M+RG ;8G G;"X, ;"X

Q.8,R&`G :&R"#",+b8-+", +, -;& ([\/G R8$G&: -;& Q.&,R; L"M&.,%&,- -" 8,,"$,R&

8 G&.+&G "O G-&VG -;8- V.8R-+R8##I .&:&O+,&: -;& .$.8# .&L+",G "O -;& R"$,-.I 8G -;&

,&X R"#",+&GJ 3, 8, +,-.+L$+,L g.&&,8R-%&,-h "O -;& 8,-+NR"#",+8# G-.$LL#&H -;&

L"M&.,%&,- &%V#"I&: %&-;":G 8,: &dV&.-G O."% -;& O".%&. R"#",+&GH 8,: -;&

.&L+",8# .&G+G-&.G &%$#8-&: -;& GI%="#G 8,: %&-;":G "O 4;+.: *".#: O.&&:"%

O+L;-&.G ZC&="M+RGH )//0]J


13/170

(Y

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

F035(*0 G)*H+

B::+-+",8# V&.GV&R-+M&G ", -;& %&%".I "O V&.+V;&.I $.L& GR;"#8.G -" X+:&, -;&+.L8b& 8,: ,"- -" .&%8+, O+d&: ", -;& g$G$8# G$GV&R-Gh "O %&%".I .&G&8.R;J[4;$G 8.&R&,- R"##&R-+", "O 8.-+R#&G &,-+-#&:6"*&H+"*12 4",/*&"E:&O+,&G +-GO 8G 8 -$., 8X8IO."% -;& V.&M8#&,- V.&"RR$V8-+",G X+-; g,8-+",8# %&%".I R$#-$.&Gh 8,: R"##&R-+M&&dV&.+&,R&G "O M+"#&,R& -" &M&.I:8I G"R+8# +,-&.8R-+",G Z9"&G&, &- 8#JH )/()]J 5-;&.G-$:+&G R;8##&,L& -;& -&,:&,RI -" O"R$G ", R8V+-8# R+-+&G X;&, X.+-+,L ,8-+",8# ;+G-".+&G8,: +,-&L.8-& 8#-&.,8-+M& %&%".I R&,-&.G +,-" -;&+. 8,8#IG&GJ 4;$GH F$I 9&+,&.`G+,M&G-+L8-+", Z+, -;+G M"#$%&] "O V&.+V;&.8# %&%".I +, 3.,: G;"XG -;8-H G+,R&2$=#+, :+: ,"- 8#X8IG R",G-+-$-& -;& %8+, 8,: ",#I 8.&,8 "O ;+G-".+R8# "RR$..&,R&GH

V#8R&G ", -;& 3.+G; V&.+V;&.I 8GG$%&: 8 R&,-.8# G+L,+O+R8,R& +, :&V+R-+",G "O R&.-8+,V8G-GJ 68-;&. -;8, V.&G&,- 8 G+,L#& V8--&., "O R&,-&.mV&.+V;&.I .-+",GH 9&+,&.+:&,-+O+&G -;.&& %":&G "O %&%".I -;."$L; X;+R; -;& V&.+V;&.I R8, 8GG&.- +-GOJ

4X" R",-.+=$-+",G -" -;+G +GG$& G;"X ;"X &dV8,:+,L -;& M+&X ", %&%".I 8,:V&.+V;&.I R8, -8>& V#8R& ", M&.I :+OO&.&,- GR8#&GJ c";, 7$--", &d8%+,&G -;& +,-&.V#8I"O -X" V&.GV&R-+M&G +, 8$-"=+"L.8V;+R8# %&%".IT ",& +, X;+R; 8 V&.G", .&R8##GV&.G",8# &dV&.+&,R&G 8G +O #"">+,L -;."$L; ;&. "X, &I&G 8- -;& -+%&H 8,: -;& "-;&. +,X;+R; ",& "RR$V+&G -;& G-8,:V"+,- "O 8, &d-&.,8# "=G&.M&.J 7$--", 8.L$&G -;8-H X;+#&GR;"#8.G "O-&, V.+M+#&L& -;& O".%&.H gR&,-.8#h V&.GV&R-+M&H grV&.+V;&.8#` %":&G "O8RR&GG -" -;& V8G- R8, 8#G" O".% .+R; 8,: -.8,GO".%8-+M& V8.-G "O %&%".I &dV&.+&,R&Jh

3, G-8.> R",-.8G- -" -;+G R#"G& #""> 8- %&%".I 8- -;& +,:+M+:$8# #&MH 1X8 2"%8,G>8V",:&.G ;"X V&.+V;&.I 8,: %&%".I X"$#: =& R",R&+M&: 8G V8.- "O .&R&,- GR;"#8.#I:+GR$GG+",G -;8- &dV#".& ;$%8, #+O& X+-;+, 8 L&"#"L+R8# M+&X "O 18.-;`G ;+G-".IH 8 M+&X-;8- G-.&-R;&G 8,: .&-;+,>G R"%%", ,"-+",G "O -+%&H GV8R& 8,: R"%%$,+-IJ

4;& L."X+,L -&,:&,RI "O #8-& -" &dV8,: -;& V&.GV&R-+M& ", %&%".I 8.-+R$#8-&G +-GOV.+%8.+#I =I V#8R+,L +- X+-;+, L#"=8#H -.8,G,8-+",8# 8,: -.8,GR$#-$.8# O.8%&X".>GJ68-;&. -;8, G+%V#I &,#8.L& -;& &d8%+,&: "=e&R-G "O G-$:I Z8 %"M& -;8- %+L;- #&8:-" -;& 8VV#+R8-+", "O $,G$+-8=#& R",R&V-G]H(/-;&G& G-$:+&G :&%",G-.8-& -;& R",-+,$"$G8,: %$#-+O8R&-&: %"=+#+-IH %&:+8-+", 8,: %$#-+:+.&R-+",8#+-I "O %&%".I Z9",: 8,:68VG",H )/(0f C&MI 8,: 7b,8+:&.H )//\f 6"-;=&.LH )//[]J 4;8- +GH -;&I 8VV."8R;%&%".I 8G 8 O".% "O %&:+8-&: 8R-+",H X;+R; +G ,"- R",O+,&: -" R&.-8+, gG+-&GHh =$-.8-;&. +G R",G-+-$-&: -;."$L; R",G-8,- %"M&%&,-G 8,: +,-&.8R-+",GJ ?&%".+&G -;$G&%&.L& O."% %$#-+V#& V#8R&G 8,: 8.& +,M"#M&: +, +,-&.V#8I =&-X&&, :+OO&.&,- V8G-G 8,:8 ;&-&."L&,&"$G V.&G&,-J Q$.-;&.%".&H -;&

O"R$G ", X".#:X+:& %,&%",+R V."R&GG&Gq+,M+-&G -;& i$&G-+", "O ;"XH O."%,",N*&G-&., V&.GV&R-+M&GH X& %+L;- R;8##&,L& 8,: R",G+:&. "$. R8-&L".+&GHgV."M+,R+8#+b& R$#-$.8# %&%".IHh(( 8G +- X&.&H 8,: R",R&+M& "O %&%".I +, +-G%$#-+V#+R+-I 8,: :+GR.&V8,RI Z1.##H )/((T(\]J


14/170

(0

!"#$ !&'()

BG-.+: 1.##`G 8,: k;$8,L *&+`G .&O#&R-+", V+&R& -.8R&G -;&G& i$&G-+",G +, .-+",

-" -;& %&%".I "O -;& c&X+G; &d+#& +, 7;8,L;8+ :$.+,L -;& E"#"R8$G-J 3, "=G&.M+,L-;& :"$=#& V&.+V;&.+8#+-I "O -;+G -"V+R Z="-; .&L8.:+,L +-G L&"L.8V;+R #"R8-+", 8,: +-G8=G&,R& +, R"%%", 8RR"$,-G "O -;& E"#"R8$G-] 8,: +-G .+G+,L R&,-.8#+-I 8,: %"=+#+-I+, .&R&,- I&8.GH -;&I ;V O"G-&. 8 :+GR$GG+", ", -;& V"GG+=#& %&8,+,LG 8,: O&8-$.&G "OV&.+V;&.I +, .-+", -" L#"=8#+b+,L %&%".IJ

C"">+,L 1$:+8GV".8G 8,:@*/,:+8GV".8G R",G-+-$-&G +%V".-8,- R",-&%V".8.I X8IG"O .&R",G+:&.+,L 8,: V."M+,R+8#+b+,L R"%%", 8VV."8R;&G -" %&%".I 8,: +:&,-+-IHX;+R; 8.& G-+## #8.LI 8GG"R+8-&: X+-; -;& ,8-+",NG-8-&J 6&R&,- G-$:+&G V"+,- -" -;&+%V".-8,- ."#& "O :+8GV".+R R"%%$,+-+&G +, -;& &%&.L&,R& "O ,8-+",8#+G% Z5`2",,#H9.+:&,-;8# 8,: 6&8L+,H )//U] 8,: G"%& ;8M& &M&, G$LL&G-&: -;8- ,"X8:8IGH :$& -"-;& +,R.&8G+,L ,$%=&.G "O +%%+L.8,-G 8,: -;& V.&GG$.&G "O L#"=8# %&:+8H gX;"#&,8-+",G 8.& =&R"%+,L :+8GV".+R +, .-+", -" -;&+. V8G-h ZE$IGG&,H )//YT(U(]J *;&,8 :+8GV".8 8,: g+-Gh ,8-+",NG-8-& G&&% -" GV+## +,-" &8R; "-;&.H -;+G .8+G&G i$&.+&G.&L8.:+,L -;& ="$,:8.+&G "O %&%".I 8,: -;& V"GG+=#& R&,-&.G +- ;8G Z*$#OH )//[]J3, ;&. 8.-+R#& +, -;+G +GG$&H B%I F8.&I -8R>#&G 8 V8.-+R$#8.#I R"%V#&d R8G& X;&,&dV#".+,L ,"G-8#L+8 +, O&G-+M8#G "O 7"M+&-N&.8 G",LG -;8- -8>& V#8R& +, -;& D,+-&: 7-8-&GJF8.&I 8G>G X;"G& %&%".+&G 8.& =&+,L V&.O".%&: -;&.& 8,: X;8- >+,: "O R"%%$,8#G&,-+%&,-G 8.& &dV.&GG&: ", -;+G V&.+V;&.I "O -;& 7"M+&- +%8L+,&: R"%%$,+-IH X;+R;," #",L&. ;8G 8 R&,-&.J 3, -;+G G&,G&H G;& X.+-&GH V&"V#& L" -" -;&G& R8%V"$-GH g8- #&8G-

+, V8.-H +, G&8.R; "O 8 7"M+&- V;8,-"%Jh

2)/C0):5C* &3 &;* 75+&

@&.+V;&.+&G %$G- ,"- ,&R&GG8.+#I R",G-+-$-& V#8R&G "O .&G+G-8,R&H R"%V&-+-+",H:+M&.L&,R& 8,: 8%=+L$+-I +, .-+", -" -;& %&%".I V.":$R&: =I ,8-+",8# R&,-&.GJ3, M8.+"$G X8IGH V&.+V;&.8# #"R8-+",G 8R-$8##I R",-.+=$-& -" -;& O".%8-+", "O V"#+-+R8#R&,-&.G 8,: -;&+. M&.G+",G "O -;& V8G-J *;+#& -;& V."d+%+-I "O V&"V#& -" %",$%&,-G8,: %&%".+8#G V#8IG 8, +%V".-8,- ."#& +, %8>+,L V.&G&,- R&.-8+, M&.G+",G "O %&%".IH-.8M#+,L -" :+G-8,- V#8R&G "O ;+L;&. M8#$& 8,: %&8,+,L R"$#: &,:"X V&"V#& X+-; 8

:+OO&.&,- R"%%&%".8-+M& L8+,J 4;+G R8, =& G&&,H O". +,G-8,R&H +, -;& #",LG-8,:+,L.+-$8# G+L,+O+R8,R& -;8- 3G.8+ k+",+G-G 8GG+L,&: -" R#+%=+,L -;& 8,R+&,- O".-.&GG?8G8:8H 8="M& -;& 2&8: 7&8H +, ".:&. -" R&=.8-& +- 8G 8 GI%="# "O c&X+G; G-.&,L-;J4;& g8,R;".+,L "O -;+G &M&,- +, 8, &dR+-+,L L&"L.8V;+R8# #"R8-+", "V&,&: -;&"VV".-$,+-I -" 8:: 8#-&.,8-+M& %&8,G "O .-+,L -" -;& ;+G-".+R8# &M&,-H R"%=+,+,L 8V8-.+"-+R #&GG", X+-; 8, 8:M&,-$.&h Zk&.$=8MH ([[UT()/]J *& O+,: G+%+#8.H I&- #&GG8:M&,-$."$GH -.+VG -" G+-&G "O %8GG :&8-; +, -;& R8G& "O -;& 8,,$8# R&.&%",+&G -;8- -;&18G- F&.%8, L"M&.,%&,- ;: 8- -;& 9$R;&,X8#: %&%".+8#J 3, -;&G& R&.&%",+&GHG-8-& "OO+R+8#G G-I#&: -;&%GM&G 8G R",-+,$+,L -;& #&L8RI "O -;& 8,-+NO8GR+G- .&G+G-8,R&


15/170

(U

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

8,: -;&, gR8..+&:h -;&+. ;&."+R 8$.8 X+-; -;&% =8R> -" -;& V"#+-+R8# R&,-&. +, 9&.#+,

Z&G V#8R& ", 8 %"G- =8G+R #&M +, ;+G-".+R8# -"$.+G%H X;&.&M+G+-".G g-8>&h -;& &dV&.+&,R& X+-; -;&% -;."$L; M8.+"$G G"$M&,+.GH G-".+&G 8,: V+R-$.&G". gL+M&h G"%&-;+,L "O -;&+. "X,H #&8M+,L 8 -.8R& -;8- R",,&R-G -;&% -" -;& ;+G-".+R8#V#8R& Z78-;&.N*8LG-8OOH )/((]J 7+%+#8.#IH ;+G-".+R8# .&&,8R-%&,-G 8,: +,-&.8R-+M&&d;+=+-+",G +, %$G&$%G ZG$R; 8G g4;& 4.&,R;h 8- -;& 3%V&.+8# *8. ?$G&$%H C",:",]"OO&. V&"V#& 8 X8I -" V8.-+R+V8-& +, &M&,-G -;&I ;8M& g%+GG&:h ZB%G-&.H )//W]J

@&"V#&`G &OO".-G -" &dV&.+&,R& X;8- -;&I :+: ,"- L" -;."$L; -;&%GM&G 8VV&8. +,F8.I *&+GG%8,`G G-$:I "O ,",NX+-,&GG&G X;" 8--&%V- -" R8V-$.& -;& ;"..". "O -;&E"#"R8$G- =I .&8:+,L G$.M+M".G` 8RR"$,-G 8,: M+G+-+,L 8$-;&,-+R G+-&G "O -;& L&,"R+:&Z*&+GG%8,H )//0]J 5-;&. G-$:+&G V".-.8I ;"X -;& R;+#:.&, "O M+R-+%G "O %8GG M+"#&,R&g.&%&%=&.h +,G-8,R&G "O -;&+. V8.&,-G` &dV&.+&,R&G ZA;8+-+, 8,: 7-&+,=&.LH )/(0] 8,:;"X V&.G",8# %&%".+&G +,-&L.8-& +%8L&G 8,: &V+G":&G -8>&, O."% 8 M8.+&-I "O %&:+8ZE+.GR;H )//(f C8,:G=&.LH )//0f 6"G&%8,H ([[_]J

4;& ,"-+", "O L"+,L g"$-G+:& ",&GOh +, R",G-.$R-+,L ",&`G %&%".I R8, 8#G" =&$G&: -" +,i$+.& 8G -" X;8- =",LG -" -;& GO 8,: X;8- -;& GO =",LG -"J 3, ;&.8.-+R#& +, -;+G M"#$%&H c$#+8 A.&&- R",-&%V#8-&G X;8- +- %&8,G -" =& V&.+V;&.8# -" -;&

V8G-J 7;& :"&G G" +, .-+", -" ;&. .&R&,- :+GR"M&.I "O -;& E"#"R8$G- &dV&.+&,R&G "O;&. #8-& %"-;&.H X;" ;8: -"#: ;&. :8$L;-&. ,&+-;&. X;8- G;& X&,- -;."$L; ,". 8="$-;&. c&X+G;,&GGJ gE"X :"&G ",& .&%&%=&. G"%&-;+,L -;8- X8G #8-&,-#I =$- %8,+O&G-#I,"- ",&`G "X,^h

9*:304 5& &;* :50C)-+

4;+G O+,8# G&R-+", R",G+:&.G .&O&.&,R&G -" -;& V8G- -;8- 8VV&8. 8- -;& %8.L+,G "O

M8.+"$G :&V+R-+",G ". 8.& "-;&.X+G& R;8.8R-&.+b&: =I 8 #+%+-&: M+G+=+#+-IJ 4;& +GG$&


16/170

(\

!"#$ !&'()

"O .-+M& ". 8=G"#$-& +,M+G+=+#+-I +G .&L$#8.#I .8+G&: +, 8VV."8R;+,L i$&G-+",G "O

G"R+8# %8.L+,8#+b8-+", Z9.+L;&,-+H )/(/T0\m0W] 8,: 8G V8.- "O 8--&%V-G -" L+M& V&"V#&X;"G& &dV&.+&,R&G X&,- -;$G O8. g$,,"-+R&:h 8, &i$8# 8,: gM+G+=#&h V#8R& +, G"R+&-I

Z9-.s,H )//[f ?"".&H )/((]J *;&, 8VV#+&: -" 8 :+GR$GG+", "O %&%".IH +,M+G+=+#+-I

R"..&GV",:G X+-; G+#&,R+,L 8 R&.-8+, L."$V`G &dV&.+&,R&G X+-;+, ;&L&%",+R ,8..8-+M&GJ

a&- -;+G +,M+G+=+#+-I +G "O-&, ,"- R"%V#&-&J 9I &d8%+,+,L V&.+V;&.8# :&-8+#G -;8-

8VV&8. +, :&V+R-+",G O."% M8.+&: %&:+8H X& G"%&-+%&G :+GR"M&. -;8- -;&I 8R- 8G

;+,-G -;8- +,M+-& $G -" .&O#&R- ", 8#-&.,8-+M&H 8,: &M&, G$=M&.G+M&H %&%".+&G -;8-

%8I =.&8> -;&G& M&.I G+#&,R&GJ

4;& 8.-+R#&G =I B,>& @+,>&.- 8,: k$b8,,8 2b+$=8, +, -;+G M"#$%& "OO&. -X"

:+OO&.&,- +##$G-.8-+",G "O -;+G V"+,-J @+,>&.- V.&G&,-G 8 R#"G& 8,8#IG+G "O 8, 18G-

F&.%8, O+#% Z:1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2H ([\Y]H X;+R; :&GR.+=&G ",& %8,`G e"$.,&I +,

-;& 8O-&.%8-; "O **33 8,: &dV"G&GH ", -;& X8IH 8 ,$%=&. "O +%8L&G R",R&.,+,L

-;& X8. 8,: -;& +%%&:+8-& V"G-X8. V&.+":J 7;& V"+,-G -" -;& &d+G-&,R& "O -.8R&G

"O R&.-8+, 8GV&R-G "O -;8- V8G-H X;+R; -;& 18G- F&.%8, .&L+%& G+#&,R&: +, "OO+R+8#

8RR"$,-GH ", -;& %8.L+,G "O -;& O+#%`G M+G$8# O+:J *;+#& -;&G& 8GV&R-G 8.& R",G-8,-#I

8##$:&: -"H -;&I

;8M& %8.L+,8# +%V8R-n+O 8- 8##n", -;& G-".IJ 5, -;& "-;&. ;8,:H -;+G %&8,:&.+,LH

8RR+:&,-8# ,8..8-+", 8##"XG -;& .&+,-.":$R-+", "O -"V+RG -;8- ;8M& =&R"%& G&%+N

-8="" +, -;& ,8-+",8# %&%".I :+GR"$.G& "O -;& V"G-X8. V&.+":H +,R#$:+,L %"G-

,"-8=#I -;& -."V& "O G&d$8# M+"#&,R&J

@+,>&.- G-.&GG&G -;8- -;&G& =8.I ,"-+R&8=#&H O#&&-+,L %"%&,-G +, -;& O+#% =&R"%&

%&8,+,LO$# ",#I X;&, -;& M+&X&. :&R+:&G -" O"R$G ", -;&% 8,: 8RR&V- -;&% 8G

&,-+R&%&,-G O". -;& 8R>,"X#&:L%&,- "O $,V"V$#8. -;&%&G .&L8.:+,L ;+G-".+R8#

-.8$%8J()

2b+$=8,`G 8.-+R#& :+GR$GG&G i$+-& 8 :+OO&.&,- 8.-+R$#8-+", "O -;& V8G-`G %8.L+,8#

M+G+=+#+-IH &%=":+&: +, -;& O+L$.& "O -;& L;"G-H X;+R; ,&M&.-;&GG V.&G&,-G 8 M&.I

G+%+#8. V"-&,-+8# O". :&G-8=+#+b+,L ;&L&%",+R ,8..8-+M&G 8,: "OO&.+,L 8#-&.,8-+M&G -"

-;&%J 7;& V"+,-G -" -;& :$8# 8VV#+R8-+", "O O+L$.8-+M& 8,: ,",NO+L$.8-+M& L;"G-GJ 5,

-;& ",& ;8,:H 8G -.8,G+-+",8# O+L$.&GH %&.L+,L -;& M+G+=#& 8,: +,M+G+=#&H -;& #+M+,L 8,:-;& :&8:H L;"G-G .&O&. -" R"%%$,+-+&G &dR#$:&: O."% -;& G"R+8# 8,: V"#+-+R8# .&8#%J

5, -;& "-;&. ;8,:H -;& O+L$.& "O -;& L;"G- g:&G+L,8-&G -;& %"%&,- "O -;& V8G-`G

G$::&, 8,: $,R8,,I +,-&..$V-+", ". :+G.$V-+", "O -;& V.&G&,-h 8,: M"+R&G .&G+G-8,R&

=I 8::.&GG+,L g-;& V."=#&% "O %+G.&V.&G&,-8-+",G 8,: :&,+8# +,GR.+=&: +, "OO+R+8#

+,-&.V.&-8-+",G "O -;& V8G-Jh 2b+$=8,`G R8G& G-$:I +G 8, 8,8#IG+G "O .&V.&G&,-8-+",G

-;8- .&V".- @"#&G =&+,L ;8$,-&: =I -;& O".L"--&, c&X+G; .&G+:&,-G "O -;& ?$.8,tX

:+G-.+R- +, *8.G8XH -;& G+-& "O -;& *8.G8X F;&--"H 8,: ;"X -;&G& L;"G-G +,-.":$R&

R.+-+R8# G-8,:V"+,-G -" :&=8-&G ", @"#+G;Nc&X+G; ;+G-".IJ


17/170

(W

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

" @)-5/ H30(

4;& M8.+&-I "O G-$:+&G 8,: M+&XV"+,-G G$.M&I&: +, -;+G +,-.":$R-+", -&G-+OI -" -;&;&$.+G-+R V"-&,-+8# "O R"%=+,+,L g%&%".Ih 8,: gV&.+V;&.IJh 3 ;8M& G;"X,H ", -;&",& ;8,:H -;& -.8,GL.&GG+M& R8V8R+-I "O V&.+V;&.8# V&.GV&R-+M&G -" =#$. ="$,:8.+&GH=.&8> G+#&,R&GH :&G-8=+#+b& R&,-&.G 8,: i$&G-+", R"%%", 8,8#I-+R R8-&L".+&G +, -;&G-$:I "O %&%".IJ 5, -;& "-;&. ;8,:H 3 ;8M& :+GR$GG&: G"%& 8GV&R-G "O V&.+V;&.8#+-I-;8- R",-.+=$-&: -" -;& R.&8-+", 8,: M8#+:8-+", "O R&,-&.G 8,: -;&+. M&.G+",G "O -;& V8G-J

BG F&.: 7&=8#: ,"-&G +, ;+G .&O#&R-+", V+&R&H -;& R"%=+,8-+", "O -;& -&%V".8# -&.%g%&%".Ih X+-; -;& GV8-+8# -&.% gV&.+V;&.Ih 8VV&8.G .8-;&. ":: 8- O+.G- L#8,R&J 3,:&&:HG&M&.8# GR;"#8.G ;8M& .&R&,-#I R.+-+R+b&: -;& G-+## V.&M8#&,- -&,:&,RI -" 8VV."8R;

%&%".I +, G-8.>#I GV8-+8# -&.%GH X;+R; "O-&, R$#%+,8-&G +, -.&8-+,L %&%".I 8G 8g-;+,Lh ". 8 gR",-8+,&.h Z1.##H )/((f H Q".-;R"%+,Lf ?+::#&-", 8,: 9."X,H)//Uf 5#+R>H )//WT_Um((_]J a&- 8G 7&=8#: G;"XGH 8,: -;& R",-.+=$-+",G -" -;+G GV&R+8#+GG$& +##$G-.8-&H -;& GV8-+8#+b8-+", "O %&%".I -;."$L; V&.+V;&.8# V&.GV&R-+M&G R8, :"G"%&-;+,L G&J 3- R8, +,-.":$R& ,&X 8,: $,$G$8# X8IG "O M+&X+,L "$. .-+",G;+V -"-;& V8G-H .8+G& i$&G-+",G .&L8.:+,L -;& O".%G 8,: O$,R-+",G "O R&,-&.GH 8,: R",-&%V#8-&-;& $,+- "O %&%".I +-GO 8,: +-G V"GG+=#& g%8.L+,GJh

=?%

( 3 X"$#: #+>& -" -;8,> 6&$- 9&,:.+;&%H k$b8,,8 2b+$=8,H ?".+ 68% 8,: 5. 4G;$M8O". -;&+. ;VO$# R"%%&,-G ", -;+G -&d-J

) 4;& O+#% +-GO +G ,"- %&%".I 8G G$R;H =$- .8-;&. 8 V.":$R- "O %,&%",+R V."R&GG&GHX;+#& 8#G" "OO&.+,L R&.-8+, V&.GV&R-+M&G O". -;& :+GR$GG+", "O GV&R+O+R V8G-GJ 5, -;+GV"+,-H G&& 68:G-",& Z)//U]J

Y 4;& O+#%`G O"R$G ", 3G.8+Glc&XG 8G M+R-+%G %+L;- 8#G" =& 8 .&GV",G& -" -;& .&R&,--&,:&,RI +, G&M&.8# 3G.8+ :"R$%&,-8.+&G -" :+GR$GG 3G.8+G 8G V&.V&-.8-".GJ 7&&?".8L Z)/(Y]J

0 g3- +G -;& R&,-&.H =&R8$G& +- +G -;& $#-+%8-& 8,: +..&:$R+=#&f 8,: +- +G O- -" =& G$R; =I%8,I X;" R8,,"- L+M& &dV#+R+- 8.-+R$#8-+", -" +-G R&,-.8#+-Ih Z7;+#GH ([_)T[Y]J

U 4;& 8--&%V- -" &,:".G& V&.+V;&.8# 8,: +,:+L&,"$G >,"X#&:L& %+L;- #&8: GR;"#8.G

-" .&+OI :+OO&.&,R&H V$.G$+,L g8$-;&,-+Rh 8,: $,-"$R;&: R$#-$.8# GV&R+O+R+-I X;+#&O8+#+,L -" 8RR"$,- O". g>,"X#&:L& -;8- -.8MG 8,: %"=+#+b&Gh Z4G+,LH )//UT_f G&&8#G" E$LL8,H )//(]J

\ 4;& i$&G-+", "O X;&-;&. -" %8+,-8+, 8 %8.L+,8# V"G+-+", ". -" :&%8,: +,R#$G+", +,


18/170

(_

!"#$ !&'()

-;& %8+,G-.&8% +G +-GO 8 %8--&. "O :+GR$GG+", 8%",L %8.L+,8#+b&: L."$VGJ 7&&H O".

+,G-8,R&H 7-$.>&,Z([[WT(_0m(_U]JW 4;& G+L,+O+R8,R& "O %&%".I -" -;& #8--&. 8GV&R- +G -;8- +- g;+L;#+L;-G -;& G$=e&R-+M& G+:&

"O 8 ;+G-".I "O :+GR.+%+,8-+",H -;& %&8,+,L -;& V8G- ;8G O". %&%=&.G "O -;"G& L."$VGX;" X&.& -;& -8.L&-G "O :+GR.+%+,8-+", 8,: "VV.&GG+",h Z*+##+8%GH ([[_T0\Ym0\0]J

_ P$. ?8G8#;8 Z)/()] GV&8>G +, -;+G G&,G& 8="$- g%&%".IR+:&h "O -;&V1301J

[ 7+:.8 1b.8;+ Z([[\] -;$G 8.L$&G -;8-H =I #"">+,L O". -;& gV&.+V;&.8# V#8R&Gh "O

-;& E"#"R8$G-H +J&JH ,"- O"R$G+,L ", B$GR;X+-b ZX;+R; %8,I GR;"#8.G :&V+R- 8G-;& gR&,-&.h ". g=#8R> ;"#&h -;8- V$##G 8## E"#"R8$G- .&O&.&,R&G -" +-]H ",& R"$#:.&R",G-.$R- 8#-&.,8-+M& ;+G-".+&G "O -;+G &M&,-J

(/ P8,RI Q.8G&. ;8G X8.,&: 8L8+,G- .&R>#&GG#I -.8,GO&..+,L -;& :+GR$GG+", "O -;&V$=#+R GV;&.&H 8 ,"-+", -;8- X8G R",R&+M&: O". -;& ,8-+",8# R",-&d-H -" -.8,G,8-+",8#O.8%&X".>G Z)//[TW\m[[]J

(( 4;+G +G 8 .&O&.&,R& -" A;8>.8=8.-I Z)///]J

() 5,& G;"$#: ,"-H "O R"$.G&H 8GG$%& -;8- 8## R8G&G "O +,R".V".8-+,L -.8R&G "O G+#&,R&:,8..8-+M&G ", -;& %8.L+,G 8+% 8- V.":$R+,L 8#-&.,8-+M& :&V+R-+",G "O -;& V8G-J 28,+#&

7R;X8.-b`G .&R&,- 8,8#IG+G "O -;& 3G.8+ O+#%61*1$*//H"*EZ:+.J c$:: P&&%8,H ([WW]G;"XG -;8- -;& .$+,G "O @8#&G-+,+8, =$+#:+,LGH X;+R; R",G-+-$-& -;& g=8R>L."$,:h ".G&--+,L "O -;& "RR$..&,R&G Z=$- 8.& ,&M&. 8::.&GG&: &dV#+R+-#I]H R",-.+=$-& -" &.8G+,L

-;& @8#&G-+,+8, &dV&.+&,R& 8,: +,R".V".8-& +- +,-" k+",+G- ,8..8-+M&G Z7R;X8.-bH )/(0]J

$?E?$?=.?%

B=$NC$L;":H C+#8J Z)//W]J g6&-$., -" ;8#ON.$+,GT ?&%".IH V"G-%&%".I 8,: #+M+,L ;+G-".I +,

@8#&G-+,&Jh 3, B;%8: EJ 78`:+ 8,: C+#8 B=$NC$L;": Z&:GJ]HV1301W 612"E$&'"- LXOY-1') $+" :21&,E /@ 4",/*7ZVVJ WWm(/U]J P&X a".>T A"#$%=+8 D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

B%G-&.H ?8--;&X EJ Z)//W]J gB @+#L.+%8L& -" -;& @8G-T A+M+# *8. 6&&,8R-".G 8-F&--IG=$.LJh 3, A#8.& CJ 9"$#8,L&. Z&:J]H !"@2"U$&'; /' 5,"*&U1W 5'$+*/H/2/;&U12J&"DE /@ ZK?K :#2$#*"ZVVJ (UN)W]J 9"G-",T @&8.G",J

B,:"#V;H c";,H 8,: BM.$-+,H 1$L&,& ?J Z&:GJ]J Z)/()]J !#EE&1 &' 4/$&/'W :#2$#*"E /@G#,1' 4/0&2&$7 E&'U" LYPNJ A;8%V8+L,T D,+M&.G+-I "O 3##+,"+G @.&GGJ

B.%G-.",LH 1#+b8=&-; BJH 8,: A.8L&H 7$b8,,& ?J Z)//\]J g?"M&%&,-G 8,: %&%".IT 4;&%8>+,L "O -;& 7-",&X8## %I-;Jh5,"*&U1' ?/U&/2/;&U12 !"B&"DW(TW)0mWU(J

98.>8,H 1#8b8.J Z)///]J T+" 8#&2$ /@ V1$&/'EW !"E$&$#$&/' 1') V";/$&1$&'; G&E$/*&U12


19/170

([

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

I'[#E$&U"EJ 98#-+%".&T c";,G E"V>+,G D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

9-.s,H A;.+G-+8,J Z)//[]J gF"+,L V$=#+RT E8,,8; B.&,:-H +%%+L.8,- 8R-+", 8,: -;& GV8R&"O 8VV&8.8,R&Jh6/2&$&U12 T+"/*7YWHUTU[Um\))J

9&,Nk&`&MH 1O.8-J Z)/((]J!",",0"*&'; 612"E$&'" &' LXOYW ("7/') V1$&/'12 V1**1$&B"EKA8%=.+:L&H D&T @8#L.8M& ?8R%+##8,J

A8G&IH 1:X8.: 7J Z)/((]J g4;& &:L&ZG] "O #8,:GR8V&T B G-$:I +, #+%+,"#"LIJh 3, c&OO

?8#V8G Z&:J]H T+" 621U" /@ A1')EU1H"W :/'U"H$E- :/'$"]$E- ?$#)&"EZVVJ [(m(/[]KA8%=.+:L&H ?BT ?34 @.&GGJ

A;8+-+,H c$#+8H 8,: 7-&+,=&.LH 7;"G;8,8J Z)/(0]J gr3 R8, 8#%"G- .&%&%=&. +- ,"X`T

9&-X&&, V&.G",8# 8,: R"##&R-+M& %&%".+&G "O %8GG+M& G"R+8# -.8$%8Jh 9/#*'12 /@5)#2$ >"B"2/H,"'$)(H(TY/m0)J

A;8>.8=8.-IH 2+V&G;J Z)///]J6*/B&'U&12&=&'; C#*/H"W 6/E$U/2/'&12 T+/#;+$ 1') G&E$/*&U12>&@@"*"'U"J @.+,R&-",T @.+,R&-", D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

A",,&.-",H @8$#J Z)//_]J g7&M&, -IV&G "O O".L&--+,LJh4",/*7 ?$#)&"E(H(TU[mW(J

2+&,&.H B#&d8,:&. AJH 8,: E8L&,H c"G;$8 Z&:GJ]J Z)/(/]J (/*)"*2&'"E 1') (/*)"*21')EW6/2&$&U12 ^))&$&"E 1$ $+" C);" /@ $+" V1$&/'Q?$1$"J C8,;8%H ?2T 6"X%8, SC+--#&O+:J

2+,&.H 28,J Z)//_]J :1$1U27E,EW 5 G&E$/*7 /@ $+" TD"'$&"$+ :"'$#*7 @*/, C#*/H"_E C);"J?8:+G",T D,+M&.G+-I "O *+GR",G+, @.&GGJ

1.##H BG-.+:J Z)/((]J g4.8M#+,L %&%".IJh61*1221] (WH0T0m(_J

1b.8;+H 7+:.8J Z([[\]J g6&V.&G&,-+,L B$GR;X+-bT 4;& &d-&.%+,8-+", R8%V 8,: 8#-&.,8-+M&G+-&G ", -;& %8V "O %&%".IJh T"/*&1 B" (&3/*"$_T(W(m(W[ ZE&=.&X]J

Q&+L&H ?+R;8H 8,: 5;8,8H 28M+:J Z)/()]J gQ$,&.8# 8- -;& &:L& "O 8 R#+OOT 3G.8 =+:G

O8.&X# -" 28M+: 9&,NF$.+",Jh T+" 9/#*'12 /@ IE*1"2& G&E$/*7Y(H)T)0[m)_(J

Q:%8,H c8R>+&J Z)//_]J50/B" $+" >"1$+ 6&$E- ("'"1$+ $+" \21;W /#$+ J/71;"E $/ 6/21')1') $+" 6"*@/*,1'U" /@ IE*1"2& V1$&/'12 I)"'$&$7J P&X a".>T 9&.L;8;, 9"">GJ

Q.8G&.H P8,RIJ Z)//[]J ?U12"E /@ 9#E$&U"W !"&,1;&'&'; 6/2&$&U12 ?H1U" &' 1 82/012&=&';F/*2)J P&X a".>T A"#$%=+8 D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ


20/170

)/

!"#$ !&'()

F;"G;N7R;#;".,H ?8.-+,8H 8,: B#&d8,:&.H !&.8 Z&:GJ]J Z)//\]J 6"*&H+"*12 :"'$*"E-

:"'$*12 6"*&H+"*&"EW I')&1 1') I$E >&1EH/*1aEbJ 9&.#+,T C34JF.&&,GV8,H E&,.IJ Z)/(0]J g4;& $,G8+:H -;& +,R"%%$,+R8=#&H -;& $,=&8.8=#& 8,: -;&

+..&-.+&M8=#&Jh ^*12 G&E$/*7 !"B&"D0(H)T))[m)0YJ

F$%=.&R;-H E8,G D#.+R;J Z([[W]JI' LXMRW A&B&'; 1$ $+" C);" /@ T&,"J A8%=.+:L&H ?BTE8.M8.: D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

E+.GR;H ?8.+8,,&J Z)//(]J g7$.M+M+,L +%8L&GT E"#"R8$G- V;"-"L.8V;G 8,: -;& X".> "OV"G-%&%".IJh T+" `12" 9/#*'12 /@ :*&$&U&E,(0H(TUmYWJ

;"">GH =#J Z([[/]J "1*'&';W !1U"- 8"')"*- 1') :#2$#*12 6/2&$&UEJ 9"G-",T 7"$-; 1,: @.&GGJ

E$LL8,H F.8;8%J Z)//(]J T+" 6/E$Q:/2/'&12 C]/$&UW 41*3"$&'; $+" 41*;&'EJ C",:",T6"$-#&:L&J

E$IGG&,H B,:.&8GJ Z)//Y]J g2+8GV".8 8,: ,8-+",T ?+L.8-+", +,-" "-;&. V8G-GJhV"D 8"*,1':*&$&c#"__T(0Wm(\0J

H 1E 8")dU+$'&E )"*>&';"W .& D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

C&&H @;+#+VH 8,: 4;"%8GH @.8:+V P+,8, Z&:GJ]J Z)/()]J6#02&U 4",/*7- 6#02&U 4")&1 1')$+" 6/2&$&UE /@ 9#E$&U"J 98G+,LG-">&T @8#L.8M& ?8R%+##8,J

C&O&=M.&H E&,.+J Z([[(]J T+" 6*/)#U$&/' /@ ?H1U"K 5dO".:T 9#8R>X#JC&MIH 28,+H 8,: 7b,8+:&.H P8-8,J Z)//\]J T+" G/2/U1#E$ 1') 4",/*7 &' $+" 82/012 5;"J

@;+#8:V;+8T 4&%V#& D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

C+%H C"$+G8J Z)/(0]J T+" 6"/H2"_E !"H#02&U /@ 5,'"E&1W T&1'1',"' !"B&E&$")J P&X a".>T5dO".: D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

?8G8#;8H P$.J Z)/()]J T+" 612"E$&'&1' V1301W >"U/2/'&=&'; G&E$/*7- V1**1$&'; $+"?#012$"*'- !"U21&,&'; 4",/*7J C",:",T k&: 9"">GJ

?&L+##H B##8,J Z)//[]J g4;& ,&&:&: R&,-.8#+-I "O .&L+",8# ;+G-".IJhI)"1E &' G&E$/*70H)T((mYWJ


21/170

)(

!"#$%& ()* +"%,+-"%&. /) ,)0%$*120,$)

?&bb8:.8H 78,:."H 8,: P&+#G",H 9.&--J Z)/(Y]J(/*)"* 1E 4"$+/)- /* $+" 4#2$&H2&U1$&/' /@

A10/*J 2$.;8%T 2$>& D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ?+::#&-",H 28M+:H 8,: 9."X,H 7-&M&, 2J Z)//U]J T+" ?/U&12 6E7U+/2/;7 /@ C]H"*&"'U"W

?$#)&"E &' !",",0"*&'; 1') \/*;"$$&';J C",:",T 78L&J

?+Gb-8#H 98.=8.8 BJ Z)/(/]J gA"##&R-+M& %&%".I +, 8 L#"=8# 8L&T C&8.,+,L ;"X 8,: X;8--" .&%&%=&.Jh :#**"'$ ?/U&/2/;7U_H(T)0m00J

?"".&H ?+L,", 6J Z)/((]JI'B&E&02" \1,&2&"EW 817 I)"'$&$&"E- !"21$&/'E+&HE 1') 4/$+"*+//)

1,/'; (21U3 F/,"'J 9&.>&IT D,+M&.G+-I "O A8#+O".,+8 @.&GGJ

?".8LH 68I8J Z)/(Y]J F12$=&'; D&$+ (1E+&*W 6"*H"$*1$/* T*1#,1 1') :&'",1J C",:",T48$.+GJ

?"GG&H F&".L& CJ Z([[/]J\122"' ?/2)&"*EW !"E+1H&'; $+" 4",/*7 /@ $+" F/*2) F1*EJ P&Xa".>T 5dO".: D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

P8G;H c&,,+O&. AJ Z)//_]J g6&N-;+,>+,L +,-&.G&R-+",8#+-IJh\",&'&E$ !"B&"D_[T(m(UJ

5`2",,#H H c&OO.&I +, ;+G-".+R8#

.&G&8.R;JhG&E$/*7 1') T+"/*70/TY0WmYU[J@+-&.=&.LH F8=.+J Z)/(/]J g1.8G$.&GJhV"D A"@$ !"B&"D(/TY(m0\J

68:G-",&H 7$G8,,8;J Z)//U]J g6&R",R&+M+,L =+,8.+&GT 4;& #+%+-G "O %&%".IJh G&E$/*7F/*3E+/H 9/#*'12U[T(Y0m(U/J

68%8:8,H J Z([[_]J g1.+,,&., $,: u=&.#&=&,T *8;.;&+- $,: *+:&.GV.$R; +%

k&$L,+G &+,&. E"#"R8$G-Nu=&.#&=&,:&,h og6&%&%=.8,R& 8,: G$.M+M8#T 4.$-; 8,:R",-.8:+R-+", +, -;& -&G-+%",I "O 8 E"#"R8$G- G$.M+M".hpJ (I^?W


22/170

))

!"#$ !&'()

G-.8,L& 8V"-;&"G+G "O 6"G8 @8.>GJh ?/U&12 6E7U+/2/;7 f#1*$"*27W)H)T()Ym(0)J

7R;X8.-bH 28,+#&J Z)/(0]J gE+G-".I =&I",: -.8$%8T 6&NM+G$8#+b+,L -;& @8#&G-+,+8, .$+,+,61*1$*//H"*EZ([WW]Jh 3, ?+R;8 1#%H &,H ?8.+-8J Z([[W]J T1';2") 4",/*&"EW T+" J&"$'1, F1*- $+" 5I>? CH&)",&U- 1') $+"6/2&$&UE /@ !",",0"*&';J 9&.>&IT D,+M&.G+-I "O A8#+O".,+8 @.&GGJ

4."$+##"-H ?+R;N6"#V;J Z([[U]J ?&2"'U&'; $+" 61E$W 6/D"* 1') $+" 6*/)#U$&/' /@ G&E$/*7J9"G-",T 9&8R", @.&GGJ

4G+,LH B,,8 CJ Z)//U]J\*&U$&/'W 5' C$+'/;*1H+7 /@ 82/012 :/''"U$&/'J @.+,R&-",T @.+,R&-",

D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

!+,+-b>IN7&."$GG+H !&.&:H 8,: 4&&L&.H A;8,8J Z)/(/]J gD,V8R>+,L -;& $,GV">&,T 7+#&,R&

+, R"##&R-+M& %&%".I 8,: O".L&--+,LJh ?/U&12 \/*U"E__HYT((/Ym(())J

*8L&,;"O&.H 7"V;+&J Z)/(Y]J gr*& ;8M& "$. "X, ;+G-".I`T !"+R&G O."% -;& c&X+G; ?$G&$%"O A8G8=#8,R8Jh 3, 1%8,$ 4.&M+G8, 7&%+H 28.+" ?+RR"#+ 8,: 4$:". @8.O+-- Z&:GJ]H4",/*7 1') C$+'&U&$7W C$+'&U 4#E"#,E &' IE*1"2 1') $+" >&1EH/*1ZVVJ (\[m([0]JP&XR8G-#&T A8%=.+:L& 7R;"#8.G @$=#+G;+,LJ

*&+GG%8,H F8.IJ Z)//0]J \1'$1E&"E /@ F&$'"EE&';W 6/E$D1* C@@/*$E $/ C]H"*&"'U" $+"G/2/U1#E$J 3-;8R8T A".,# D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

*+##+8%GH ?+GG8 7J Z([[_]J J/&U"- T*#E$ 1') 4",/*7W 41*;&'12&=") 8*/#HE 1') $+"\1&2&';E /@ A&0"*12 !"H*"E"'$1$&/'J @.+,R&-",T @.+,R&-", D,+M&.G+-I @.&GGJ

*$#OH ?&+>&J Z)//[]J gC"R8-+,L 1G-",+8T @&.GV&R-+M&G O."% &d+#& 8,: -;& ;"%,:Jh 3,@&-&. F8-.# 8,: P+R> 98.", Z&:GJ]H F1*21')EW 6/H#21$&/' !"E"$$2","'$ 1') ?$1$":/'E$*#U$&/' &' $+" ?/B&"$QC1E$ C#*/H"1' (/*)"*21')E- LXOPgPN ZVVJ )Y(m)U0]K98G+,LG-">&T @8#L.8M& ?8R%+##8,J

k&.$=8MH a8J Z([[U]J!"U/B"*") !//$EW :/22"U$&B" 4",/*7 1') $+" 413&'; /@ IE*1"2&V1$&/'12 T*1)&$&/'J A;+R8L"T D,+M&.G+-I "O A;+R8L" @.&GGJ


23/170

$*IG)*H)-C &;* :50C)-+B 2*0)7;*05/ :*:304 5-(

0*:-5-&+ 3@ H50 )- &;* ?5+& #*0:5- J?E" @)/:1

!"#$%&' ")& *+##', KE05-L F*4*01 MNOPQ

BP

98G&: ", 8 R#"G& .&8:+,L "O Q.8,> 9&I&.`G :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2 Z([\Y]H -;+G &GG8I&dV#".&G R+,&%8-+R V&.+V;&.+&G 8G G+-&G X;&.& -;& R$#-$.8# %&%".I "O -;& 7&R",:*".#: *8. 8,: +-G +%%&:+8-& 8O-&.%8-; X8G ,&L"-+8-&: +, 18G- F&.%8, 21QBO+#%G "O -;& ([\/GJ 68-;&. -;8, R",G-.$+,L -;& G",+RH ,8..8-+M& 8,: M+G$8# %8.L+,G 8G+,R&GG8,-#I ;8$,-&: =I -.8$%8-+R #"GG&G .-&: -" -;& X8.H 9&I&.`G O+#% O".&L."$,:G -;&GV&R-8-".`G V8.-+R+V8-".I &,L8L&%&,- +, -;& V.":$R-+", "O %&%".IJ BG -;& O+#% :.8XG-;& M+&X&.`G 8--&,-+", -" .&G+:$&G "O R8-8G-."V;+R &dV&.+&,R&G +, -;& #+%+-G "O R+,&%8-+RGV8R&H -;& V&.+V;&.I 8#G" &,8=#&G 8, 8OO&R-+M& 8,: V&.R&V-$8# .&O.8%+,L "O -;& V8G- -;8-$,:&.GR".&G -;& .&V8.8-+M& 8,: #+O&N8OO+.%+,L O".R& "O G&R-+M& .&%&%=&.+,LH +O ,"-O".L&--+,LJ

6-&03('8&)3-

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


24/170

)0

!"#$ &'"#$()

;+G-".+R8# :+G-8,R& O."% -;& X8. L&,&.8-&: 8 ,&X .&-."GV&R-+M& V8.8:+L% ZBGG%8,,H

([[[f *&+LH )//)] X;+R; -#G $G %".& 8="$- -;& V.&G&,- "O -;& F&.%8, 2&%"R.8-+R6&V$=#+R Z;&.&8O-&. F26] V.&G&,- -;8, -;& &8.#I V"G-X8. V8G-J 4;& :+=&.8-& G;+O-+,-" 8 %".& &dV#+R+- %":& "O .&-."GV&R-+M& -&%V".8#+-IH ,"-+R&: 8#G" =I .&M+&X&.G 8--;& -+%& 8G !eU3"*&''"*#'; ZN#&.H ([\0]H( R.&8-&: -;& GV8R& O". %$#-+V#& ;+G-".+R8#+%8L+,8.+&G "O g([0Uh -;8- ="-; O".%&: 8,: X&.& G;8V&: =I 8 %".& ;&-&."L&,&"$G%&%".I R$#-$.&H X;+R; &%&.L&: 8O-&. -;& =$+#:+,L "O -;& 9&.#+, *8## :$.+,L 8 =.+&OV&.+": "O V"#+-+R8# -;8XJ

1M&, +O 21QB O+#%G 8="$- -;& O8GR+G- &.8 8,: -;& +%%&:+8-& V"G-X8. I&8.G X&.&8#X8IG V8.- "O #8.L&. +:&"#"L+R8# &OO".-G -" %"#: -;& V8G- O."% 8 V.&G&,- V&.GV&R-+M&H",#I -;& ,&X gX8. O+#%Gh "O -;& ([\/GH G-8.-+,L X+-; F&.;8.: "O -;& R.+-+R8# P&X F&.%8, R+,&%8 -;8- &%&.L&: +, *&G- F&.%8,I:$.+,L -;& #8-& ([\/G 8,: ([W/GJ E"X&M&.H -;& ,&X 8,-+NO8GR+G- V.":$R-+",G +, -;&F26 8#.&8:I V."M+:& V"X&.O$# R+,&%8-+R %":G -;8- =&L+, -" 8::.&GG -;& +%8L+,8.I8,: :+GR$.G+M& ."#& V#8I&: =I O+#% +, R.&8-+,L 8 R"##&R-+M& ;+G-".+R8# %&%".IJ BG 3 ;8M&:+GR$GG&: G&X;&.& +, %".& :&-8+# Z@+,>&.-H )//_]H -;+G -$., -" L.&8-&. R",-+,L&,RI8##"X&: -;& ,&X X8M& "O 18G- F&.%8, 8,-+NO8GR+G- O+#%G -" &dV#".& %".& "V&,N&,:&:

V.8R-+R&G "O V"G-N%,R;"#+R %"$.,+,L -;8- $,:&.%+,&: -;& GON%I-;"#"L+b+,L "O -;&G-8-&J 3, R",-.8G- -" -;& F26`G R&,-.8# %&%".I "O 8,-+NO8GR+G- .&G+G-8,R&H %8,+O&G-&:+, -;& %",$%&,- V8.> 8- -;& O".%&. R",R&,-.8-+", R8%V 9$R;&,X8#: =$+#- +, ([U_H-;& gX8. O+#%Gh "O -;& ([\/G .&:$R& -;& V."V&,G+-I "O -;& %8G-&. ,8..8-+M& -" O+d -;&O8GR+G- V8G- +, 8 V8.-+R$#8. ;&."+R +%8L&J Q8M".+,L 8 :.8%8-$.LI -;8- +G 8X8.& "O -;&M+&X&.`G V8.-+R+V8-+", +, -;& V.":$R-+", "O 8 ;+G-".+R8# +%8L+,8.IH -;& O+#%G =I Q.8,>9&I&.H &, O". -;& ,"G-8#L+R .&M+G+",+G% -;8- R;8.8R-&.+b&: *&G-


25/170

)U

!"#$%"&%'( *+" ,-.(%'/

F&.%8, %"M+&G "O -;& ([U/GJ 1M&, 8G -;& ,&X 21QB O+#%G .&+%8L+,& g([0Uh 8G

%"%&,- "O ;+G-".+R8# .$V-$.&H -;&I G$G-8+,H +O -" M8.I+,L :&L.&&GH 8, +:&,-+O+R8-+",X+-; -;& 8,-+NO8GR+G- -&"#"LI O8M".&: =I -;& F26`G R$#-$.8# V"#+-+RGJ a&-H +,G-&8:"O R.&8-+,L 8 -"-8#+b+,L ,8..8-+M& -;8- GV8,G O."% ;&."+R A"%%$,+G- .&G+G-8,R& -" -;+=&.8-+", "O F&.%8,G =I 7"M+&- -.""VGH -;& V"G-X8. O+#%G "O -;& ([\/G R8G- -;& R"##8VG&"O P8b+ F&.%8,I -;."$L; -;& V&.GV&R-+M& "O gX;8- .&%8+,G^h P"-8=#IH -;+G "OO&.G 8:"$=#& -8>& ", F&.%8, X8. #"GGJ 5,& M&.G+", :+.&R-#I +##$G-.8-&G -;& O.8R-$.&: VGIR;+R8,: G"R+8# #8,:GR8V& "O -;& ([0/G -;."$L; %".& .-8=#& R;8.8R-&.G +, ".:&. -" +R+--;& +,-&.&G-H +O ,"- GI%V8-;+&G "O 8 R",-&%V".8.IH V.&G$%8=#I I"$,L&. 8$:+&,R& +, -;&([\/GJ 9&I&.`G:1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2+,R+-&G -;& GV&R-8-". -" V&.O".% -;& .&V8.8-+M& X".> -;8-G;+O-G =&-X&&, .&%&%=&.+,L 8,: O$-$.&N".+&,-&: O".L&--+,LJ 4;& O+#% %"M&G =&I",:8 V"G-N-.8$%8-+R R+,&%8 X;&.& -;& GV&R-&.G "O V8G- #"GG&G #+,L&. +, -;& #+%+,8# ZG",+RH,8..8-+M&H M+G$8#] GV8R&G "O -;& .&V.&G&,-8-+",8# .&8#%J 68-;&. -;8, =&+,L V8GG+MI

&dV"G&: -" -;& V.&G$%8=#I +,&d".8=#& +%V8R- "O $,G+L,+O+8=#& #"GG&G #"R8-&: ", -;&R$GV =&-X&&, -.8,GV8.&,RI 8,: "RR#$G+", Z8 %"M+,L $VX8.: O."% V8G- -" V.&G&,--;8- -;& O+#% 8,: -;& 8$:+&,R& V.&G$%8=#I G;8.&]H 9&I&.`G O+#% V$-G V.&GG$.& ", -;&R+,&%8-+R V&.+V;&.I 8G 8 %".& :+G-+,R-#I GV8-+8# 8,: GI,R;.",+R G+-& X;&.& -;& V8G- R8,=& .&".:&.&: +, -;& V.&G&,- -;."$L; 8, 8R-+M& V.8R-+R& "O .&R"L,+-+",J BG 7+#M&.%8,.&%+,:G $GH X& :" ,"- &M&. #""> ",R& 8,: O". 8##T

B#-;"$L; X& R8,,"- R",-."# X;8- ;8VV&,G -" 8 V&.R&V-+", =&O".& X& =&R"%&8X8.& "O +-H X& R8, .&-."8R-+MI .&M+G& -;& M8#$& X;+R; +- 8GG$%&G O". $G ",8 R",GR+"$G #&MJ *& R8, #""> 8- 8, "=e&R- 8 G&R",: -+%& -;."$L; :+OO&.&,-

.&V.&G&,-8-+",8# V8.8%&-&.G 8,: V8+,G-8>+,L#I .&M&.G& -;& V."R&GG o-;."$L; X;+R;X& ;8M& 8--.+=$-&: %&8,+,Lp Z([[\T0]J

P"-8=#IH G$R; 8 .&NM+&X+,L +-GO -8>&G V#8R& +, -+%&f +- R8, ",#I ;8M& 8 #+%+-&:&OO+R8RIH 8,: %$G- =& .&V&8-&: X+-; &8R; ,&X M+G$8# V&.R&V-+", -;8- &%&.L&G +, -;&R",G-8,-#I G;+O-+,L %8.L+,G "O $,R",GR+"$G 8,: V"#+-+R8##I .&L$#8-&: .&V.&G&,-8-+",G"O -;& V8G- Z7+#M&.%8,H ([[\T0]H +, -;& 8*"'=;"0&"$ )"E C*21#0$"'n-;& =".:&. b",& "O-;& V&.%+GG+=#&H 8G 9&I&. V$- +- Z)//(T()(]J

B- #&8G- -" 8 R&.-8+, &d-&,-H -;&,H -;+G V8.-+R+V8-".I 8VV."8R; -" -;& V.":$R-+", "OR$#-$.8# %&%".IH 8.+G+,L +, -;& &V+G-&%"#"L+R8# 8,: V&.R&V-$8# #+%+-G "O R+,&%8-+R


26/170

)\

!"#$ &'"#$()

GV8R&H .&+,-.":$R&G -;& V"GG+=+#+-I O". GV&R-8-".+8# 8L&,RIJ)BG .&M+&X&.G "O 9&I&.`G

O+#% V$- +- ZX+-; 8 ,": -"X8.:G ="-; -;& G-8-&`G .&L$#8-+", "O R$#-$.8# "$-V$- 8,: -;&8$:+&,R&`G "X, &dV&.+&,R& "O :+G#"R8-+", 8,: ;8.:G;+V +, ([0U]H g4;& O+#%L"+,LV$=#+R ;8G :&R+:&:Jh A;"+R&G R8, =& %8:& ZM8.+8=#I ", -;& V8.- "O -;& 8R-".H :+.&R-". ".O+#%H =$- 8#G" -;& GV&R-8-". ". R.+-+R] 8="$- X;8- +G .&%&%=&.&: 8,: X;8- +G O".L"--&,+, -;& 8O-&.%8-; "O -;& gL."GG& 7-&.=&,Hh 8G 8 ,&XGV8V&. .&M+&X "O :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2+, @"-G:8% R8##&: +- ZE"O%8,,H ([\Y]H ". X;8- 8#-&.,8-+MI X+## .&G+:&H G&--#& 8,:G&:+%&,- 8G 8 gV&.+V;&.8# %&%".Ih -;8- +G ,&+-;&. ,".%8-+M& ,". +,R&GG8,-#I ;8$,-+,LJ

R%4:7&3:+ 3@ C*-')-* 83:*(4S K-.#/%012' 3+,/004%55'Q

Q."% -;& "$-G&-H =I R;""G+,L -;& L&,.& "O R"%&:I 8,:H %".& GV&R+O+R8##IH -;& G"O-&.8,: %".& #+L;-N;&8.-&: O".% "O -;& A#E$EH&"2O". 8 R+,&%8-+R .&-$., -" ([0UH Q.8,>9&I&. 8,: -;& GR.&&,NX.+-&. E8,G 5#+M8 R;8##&,L&: -;& F26`G %",$%&,-8#+b+,L&,L8L&%&,- X+-; -;& 8,-+NO8GR+G- V8G-H X;+#& 8#G" -&%V&.+,L -;& ;+G-".+R8# ;8.:G;+VGF&.%8,G ;8: &dV&.+&,R&: -;."$L; 8 .&-."GV&R-+M&H ;$%"."$G -",&J 3, ;+G %&%"+.H9&I&. Z([Y)m)//\] .&R8##G -;8- ;& ;8: =&&, +,G-8,-#I +,-.+L$&: =I 5#+M8`G R"%&:+RGR.+V- O". 8 g."8: %"M+& G&- +, -;& #8G- :8IG "O *".#: *8. 33Hh 8G +- X8G 8 ;I=.+:H 8%8.L+,8# L&,.& 21QB ;8: ,&M&. :",& =&O".& Z)//(T()/]J 4;& O+#% -#G -;& G-".I "O-;& X".>&. &. 8,: M&L&-8.+8,H X;" G&-G "OO O."% 2.&G:&,

+%%&:+8-I 8O-&. -;& X8. +, G&8.R; "O G$VV#+&G -" .&=$+#: 8 R+L8.&--& O8R-".IJ1,R"$,-&.+,L &M&.I V"GG+=#& %+G;8VH -;& V."-8L",+G- =.8M&G 8 e"$.,&I =I ."8: 8,:X8-&.H :":L+,L :"LGH %+,&GH R.8O-I 6&: B.%I G"#:+&.GH 8 R",,+M+,L D7 B.%I "OO+R&.8,: -;& 8--&,-+", "O 8 #$G-O$# R"$,-&GGH +, ".:&. -" .&-$., X+-; ;+G V.&R+"$G R8.L"J BGQ&+,G-&+, V"+,-G "$-H -;+G R+.R$+-"$GH V+R8.&Gi$& R"%&:I G$=-#I $,:&.%+,&: "OO+R+8#8RR"$,-G "O -;& F26`G ;+G-".I -;8- &%V;8G+b&: -;& 7"M+&- D,+",`G 8,: -;& @8.-I`G:+=&.8-& G;8V+,L "O -;& ,&X G"R+&-I Z)//)T(W_]J B#-;"$L; 8, +,R.&8G+,L ,$%=&."O O+#% V.":$R-+",G +, -;& ([\/G +,:+R8-&: -;8- +- X8G ,"- $,R"%%", O". 21QB -"-.&8- G&.+"$G -"V+RG X+-;+, -;& L&,&.+R R",M&,-+",G "O V"V$#8. R"%&:IH -;& GR.&&,+,L"O -;& O+.G- R$- "O 9&I&.`G O+#% O". R$#-$.8# "OO+R+8#G X8G .&V".-&:#I %&- X+-; :&8:

G+#&,R& Z9&I&.H )//(T()Y]J Q". -;& %"G- V8.-H -;& $,GV">&, 8,d+&-I 8%",L R$#-$.8#"OO+R+8#G .&G$#-&: O."% -;& O+#%`G R",GR+"$G :&N+:&8#+b8-+", "O -;& 6$GG+8,GJ 3, R",-.8G--" 21QB`G 7"M+&- R"NV.":$R-+", \e'@ T1;"i\e'@ VdU+$" a\&B" >17Ei\&B" V&;+$EfC&" B.,G-8%H E&+,b 4;+ 8,: B,8-"#+ F"#"X8,"XH ([\(]H 8#G" G&- +, 2.&G:&, .+L;-8O-&. -;& &,: "O -;& X8.H :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2 :+: ,"- G;I 8X8I O."% 8##$:+,L -" %".8#R"..$V-+", 8%",L -;& 7"M+&- "RR$VI+,L O".R&GJ 4;& .&GV",G& =I V8.-I "OO+R+8#G X8G&R;"&: +, G&M&.8# #"R8# 8,: ,8-+",8# ,&XGV8V&.GH X;&.& .&M+&X&.G +,+-+8##I &dV.&GG&:R",R&., -;8- -;& O+#%`G ;$%". R"$#: %+,+%+b& -;& G8R.+O+R&G %8:& =I -;& g8,-+NO8GR+G-G"O -;& O+.G- ;"$.Jh 3, 8::+-+",H G"%& R.+-+R8# M"+R&G O&8.&: -;8- -;& O+#%`G V"V$#8. L&,.&


27/170

)W

!"#$%"&%'( *+" ,-.(%'/

X"$#: :+%+,+G; F&.%8,I`G :&M8G-8-+", +, g-;& I&8. b&."JhY E"X&M&.H O". 9&I&.H +-

X8G V.&R+GI -;& -",8#+-I "O g;$%". 8- -;& &:L& "O R8-8G-."V;&Hh 8G ;& R8##&: +-H -;&&%V#"I%&,- "O R"%&:+R :+G-8,R& 8G 8 VGIR;"#"L+R8# .&GV",G& -" :8,L&.H 8G X# 8G 8R"V+,L %&R;8,+G% 8,: %&8,G "O .&G+G-8,R&H -;8- O8GR+,8-&: ;+% Z)//(T())f G&& 8#G"F+#%8,H )///T)_YH ,J (0]J

5,R& 8VV."M&: =I -;& 7"M+&-G 8,: .&8G&: +, 2&R&%=&. "O ([\YH :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2=&R8%& 8, +,G-8,- G$RR&GGf +, ",#I -;.&& %",-;GH ",& %+##+", M+&X&.G G8X -;& O+#%H#&8M+,L %8,I "O -;& -;&8-&.G X+-;"$- R"V+&G "O -;& V."L.8% ="">#&-G -;8- L&,&.8##I8RR"%V8,+&: 21QB GR.&&,+,LG ZCwR>&H ([\0]J BO-&. +,+-+8# ;&G+-8-+",GH V&.;8VG &M&,O&8. "O .&V&.R$GG+",H 8 >+,: "O #+=&.8-+,L #8$L;-&. 8VV&8.&: -" ;8M& &R;"&: -;."$L;"$--;& R+,&%8G 8R."GG 18G- F&.%8,IH X;+#& R.+-+RG +, -;& *&G- O"$,: -;8- -;& O+#%`G G-+#-&:;$%". X8G -"" R#"GI .-&: -" .&M+G+",+G- L&,.& V.":$R-+",G Z3JG -" -;& .-8=#& R;8.8R-&.G +, -;& O+#%H X;" L" =&I",: -;& -&%V#8-&"O -;& V"G+-+M& ;&."H gX& R8, #8$L; 8="$- o-;&G& &8.#I -+%&Gp -":8Ih Z?&,,&.+R;H([\0]J

P"-8=#IH -;+G >+,: "O 8OO&R-+M& .&O.8%+,L "O -;& V8G-H .&G$#-+,L +, 8, &%"-+",8#.&8G& V.&G$%8=#I X+:I G;8.&: =I 8, 8$:+&,R& "O :+OO&.&,- 8L&GH0 .+&: ", -;&M&.,8R$#8. R"%&:I 8,: +-G V#8IO$# $G& "O X+- 8,: +.",I 8G 8 :&-&..+-".+8#+b+,LH %+,".O".% -;8- X"$#: =& 8=#& -" O".&R#"G& -;& -"-8#+b+,L &OO&R-G "O 8 ;&L&%",+R ,8..8-+M&J*+-; 8 -&%V".8# :+G-8,R& "O 8#%"G- -X" :&R8:&GH %8,I M+&X&.G "O -;& O+#% G-+## ;8:.&R"$.G& -" -;& V8G- +, ".:&. -" .&%&%=&. -;& +%%&:+8-& V"G-X8. I&8.G 8G #+M&:&dV&.+&,R&J *;+#& -;& .&M+&X&.G "O -;& O+#% G-.+>& 8 %".& G"%=&. -",&H R&,-&.+,L -;&+."X, .&R"##&R-+",G ", &dV&.+&,R&G "O V;IG+R8# 8,: %&,-8# ;8.:G;+VH -;& 8R-". 1.X+,F&GR;",,&R>H X;" V#8IG 9#wR;&.H .&R8##&: -;8- &M&, $,:&. -;& X".G- R",:+-+",G "O:&M8G-8-+",H V&"V#& V&.G+G-&,-#I -"#: e">&G Z9&I&.H )//(T()(]J 9& -;8- 8G +- %8IH =I

-;& &8.#I ([\/G &,"$L; -+%& ;8: V8GG&: O". 8 ,&X V"G-X8. L&,&.8-+", -" &M"#M& -;8-X"$#: =& G$GR&V-+=#& -" 8, ",L"+,L %&:+8-+",H +O ,"- -.8,GO".%8-+",H "O F&.%8,I`G;+G-".I "O :&G-.$R-+", 8,: :&O&8- -;."$L; 8 %".& 8,&R:"-8#H &M&, R"%+R 8RR&GG -" -;&V8G-J :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2 ,&+-;&. :M&G +,-" -;& .&8#+G-+R 8$-;&,-+R+-I :&V#"I&: =I


28/170

)_

!"#$ &'"#$()

", -;& 8:M&,-$.&G "O 8 %":&., 7+%V#+R+GG+%$G 8,: ;+G 8RR+:&,-8# &,R"$,-&.G ", -;&

."8: ZQ$,>&H ([\0f N#&.H ([\0]J B#.&8:I +, -;& .$==#& O+#%G "O -;& ([0/G Z("*2&'"*(1221)" o("*2&' (1221)pH 6"=&.- BJ 7-&%%#&H ([0_]H O"##"X&: =I %"M+& V.":$R-+",G+, *&G- F&.%8,I ZF&* F#')"*3&')"*o5*"'_$ D" F/')"*@#2jpH +,L 8 O+,& #+,& =&-X&&, =$+#:+,L ", -;& V"V$#8. 8VV&8#"O L&,.& %"M+&G +, -;& 4;+.: 6&+R; 8,: 8 %".& V.":$R-+M&H R.+-+R8# .&".L8,+b8-+", "O-;&G& R",M&,-+",GH +, -;& -.8:+-+", "O 9.&R;-H O+#%G G$R; 8G -;&G& V."M+:&: 8, +%V".-8,--.8e&R-".I O". 9&I&.`G &OO".-G -" ="-; 8::.&GG 8,: -.8,GO".% V"G-X8. %&%".I Z8,: +-GM8.+"$G R+,&%8-+R %&:+8-+",G] "O -;& &8.#I -.8,G+-+", V&.+":J

7V&R+O+R8##IH -;& &%&,-G "O -;& ."8: %"M+&H =$+#:+,L ", 8 #",L&. -.8:+-+", "O -.8M+,L7R;X&e> O+L$.&G +, 9.&R;-`G V#8IGH 8##"X&: O". L.&8-&. 8--&,-+", -" =".:&.G 8,: %8.L+,GJQ"##"X+,L -;& R",M&,-+",G "O -;& L&,.&H 8#G" :&V#"I&: 8- -;& -+%& +, "-;&. 21QBO+#%GH G$R; 8G F&.;8.: ;$%".

Z9v--R;&.H )/(YTYY_]J Q"R$G&: ", -;& -.8M8+#G "O 8 X8,:&.+,L 8,-+N;&."H 9&I&. R.&8-&G8, &V+G":+RH ;&-&."L&,&"$G ,8..8-+M& G-.$R-$.& "O M+L,&--&Gn".H 8G O+#% R.+-+RG R8##&:-;&% +, -;& -.8:+-+", "O %":&., -;&8-&. :.8%8-$.LIH g7-8-+",&,h ZQ$,>&H ([\0]n-;8-$,:&.%+,&G -;& ;"%"L&,"$G #+,&8. -+%& 8GG"R+8-&: X+-; -;& ;+G-".+R8# -"G "O 8,-+NO8GR+G- %I-;"#"L+&G O8M".&: =I -;& 7-8-&J 3, -;8- G&,G&H &M&, ", -;& #&M "O L&,.&H-;& O+#% 8VV."8R;&G R$#-$.8# %&%".I V.":$R-+", O."% -;& V&.+V;&.IH &%V;8G+b+,L -;&G%8## GR8#&H -;& :&-&..+-".+8#+b+,L :+%&,G+", 8,: %+,". O".%G "O -;& V"V$#8.J ?$R; "O-;& O+#%`G %8+,G-.&8% 8VV&8# X8G :$& -" -;& R"%+R -8#&,- 8,: %".8# R8V+-8# "O -;& 8R-".1.X+, F&GR;",,&R>H X;" ;+%GO G8+: ;& X8G :.8X, -" 9#wR;&. =&R8$G& -;& R;8.8R-&.X8G ,"- 8 R#8GGNR",GR+"$G X".>&.H =$- G"%&",& X+-; -;& .+L;- +,G-+,R- ". R",GR+&,R& -"

>,"X X;8- ,&&:G -" =& :",& O". ;+G R#8GG 8,: V&"V#& ZE"O%8,,H ([\Y]J4;& O+#%`G #+O&N8OO+.%+,L R"%+R .+&O Z9&I&.H R+-&: +, >"* 50"')H ([W_] &,8=#&:

8 ,&X V"+,- "O M+&X L."$,:&: +, ;+G-".+R8# :+G-8,R& 8,: 8.-+G-+R %&:+8-+", Z",&%"M+&L"&. R8##&: -;+G -;& gB"*@*",)"')" &H ([\0]J BG Q.&$: V"+,-&: "$-H g;$%". +G ,"- .&G+L,&:H +- +G .&=#+"$GhZ([[/T0)[]J 6&M+&X&.G #+,>&: -;& G$RR&GG "O -;& O+#%`G "V-+%+G%H -" X;+R; -;& 8$:+&,R&.&GV",:&: O8M".8=#IH -" -;& G>+##O$# R8%&.8 X".> "O Fw,-&. ?8.Rb+,>"XG>I ZN#&.H([\0]J 4;&I ,"-&: ;"X -;& G-.8+L;- ",H gR#&8. 8,: "V&, (2&U3i;1="H #"">H M+&Xn"O -;& R8%&.8h .&,:&.G -;& @1U"E"O -;& V."-8L",+G- 8,: %+,". O+L$.&G +, X8IG -;8-


29/170

)[

!"#$%"&%'( *+" ,-.(%'/

V".-.8I -;"G& R;8.8R-&.G X;" 8.& V#&8G8,- X+-;"$- "M&.#"">+,L -;&+. O#8XG 8,: -;"G&

X+-; :8.>&. G+:&G 8G .-8=#& 8,: .&8#+G-+RJ 4;&G& R"%%&,-8-".G 8--&G- -" -;& ,"-+",-;8- R#"G& 8--&,-+", -" -;& ;$%8, O8R&H X;"G& M$#,&.8=+#+-I :&%8,:G "$. .&R"L,+-+",8,: .&GV",G&H R8, :.8X -;& GV&R-8-". +,-" -;& O+#% 8,: +,-" -;& V&.R&V-+", "O 8,"-;&.=&+,L Z98#sGbH ([W/T00f C&M+,8GH ([[/T[]J 4;& R.+-+RG R",R#$:&: -;8- -;+G ,&X(2&U3H".+&,-&: 8- >+,:,&GG 8,: GI%V8-;IH X8G 8=#& -" G;&: 8 :+OO&.&,- #+L;- ", -;& g-.8L+R;8.:G;+Vh &dV&.+&,R&: =I -;& F&.%8,G 8- -;& &,: "O -;& X8. ZQ$,>&H ([\0]JU3, -;&+.M+&XH R",-&%V".8.I GV&R-8-".G +, 18G- F&.%8,I "O -;& ([\/G X&.& :"+,L ,"-;+,L #&GG,"X -;8, g#&8.,o+,Lp ;"X -" G&& o-;& V8G-p +, 8 ,&X X8IJh 5,& M+&X&. &dV#8+,&: -;+G8OO&R-+M& 8,: V&.R&V-$8# .&O.8%+,L #+>& -;+GT g5,& L"&G ", -" 8 :+GR"M&.I +, -;& .&8#%"O R;&&.O$#,&GGJ 5,& G%+#&G $,:&. -&8.GH ",& =&L+,G -" 8VV.&R+8-& -;& V"X&. "O L&,$+,&;$%8,+-I -;8- R8, "M&.R"%& 8## 8:M&.G+-Ih ZQ$,>&H ([\0]J

B:%+--&:#IH -;& .&,:&.+,L "O -;+G M+&X+,L &dV&.+&,R& %8I M&.L& ", G&,-+%&,-8#+-IfI&-H +- +G V.&R+GI -;+G V&R$#+8. 8OO&R-+M& =#&,: "O :&GV",:&,RI 8,: #+L;-N;&8.-&:#8$L;-&. -;8- $,:&.GR".&G -;& M+&X&.G` R8V8R+-+&G -" .&R"L,+b& +, -;+G M&.,8R$#8.R"%&:I %,&%",+R .&G+:$&G "O -;& -.8$%8-+R ;+G-".+R8# V8G- %$OO#&: ". G;$- "$- O."%-;& R&,-.8# %8G-&. ,8..8-+M& "O 8,-+NO8GR+G- .&=$+#:+,LJ 4;& O+#%`G R"%+R G-.$R-$.&HG8-+.+b&: R;8.8R-&.G 8,: $,&dV&R-&: -$.,+,L V"+,-GH G$VV".-&: =I -;& &V+G":+R V.8R-+R&G"O -;& ."8: %"M+&H %8.L+,8#+b& -;& >&I &%&,-G "O 18G- F&.%8,G` %&%".I "O -;&-.8,G+-+", V&.+": O."% -;& 4;+.: 6&+R; -" -;& ,&X G"R+8#+G- ".:&.J 4;$GH +GG$&G G$R;

8G F&.%8, M+R-+%;"":H O8##&, G"#:+&.G 8,: .&G&--#&%&,- 8.& R",G-8,-#I 8##$:&: -"H =$-;8M& %8.L+,8# +%V8R-n+O 8- 8##n", -;& G-".IJ 5, -;& "-;&. ;8,:H -;+G %&8,:&.+,LH8RR+:&,-8# ,8..8-+", 8##"XG -;& .&+,-.":$R-+", "O -"V+RG -;8- ;8M& =&R"%& G&%+N-8=""+, -;& ,8-+",8# %&%".I :+GR"$.G& "O -;& V"G-X8. V&.+":H +,R#$:+,L %"G- ,"-8=#I -;&-."V& "O G&d$8# M+"#&,R&J a&-H -;& O+#% G-+## :"&G ,"- M&&. -"X8.:G 8 R#8GG+R -.8L+RR"%&:IJ 3,G-&8:H 8G &%&,-G "O A#E$EH&"2H ."%8,R& 8,: G8-+.& O#$+:#I +,-&.8R-H -;&O+#% "OO&.G 8 .8,L& "O ,&X#I R",R&+M8=#& Z)"'301*"] V#"-#+,&GH &,8=#&: =I -;& &V+G":+R,8..8-+M& G-.$R-$.&G "O -;& ."8: %"M+&J

*;8-H -;&,H ;8VV&,G X;&, -;&G& L&,&.+R 8.R;&-IV&G "O G$=e&R- %8--&. -;8- R8,=& ,8..8-&: ZC*=d+201*"E] &,R"$,-&. -;8- X;+R; +G :+OO+R$#- ". &M&, +%V"GG+=#& -"

.&V.&G&,-^ 2.8X+,L ", E8,," C"&XI`G +,G+L;- +,-" -;& .-+",G;+V =&-X&&, L&,.&8,: ;+G-".+R8# .&V.&G&,-8-+",H X& %8I "=G&.M& -;8- -;& L&,&.+R R",M&,-+",G 8.& =I," %&8,G .+,i$+G;&:J 3,G-&8:H +- +G V.&R+GI -;."$L; -;& %+d+,L 8,: &,-8,L#+,L "OL&,&.+R G-.$R-$.&G -;8- O+#%G 8.& R8V8=#& "O 8VV."8R;+,L -;&G& 8%=+L$"$G .&8#+-+&G"O ;+G-".+R8# M+"#&,R& +, ,&X 8,: V"-&,-+8##I %".& g.&8#+G-+Rh X8IG Z)//YT0YH U)]J 3,9&I&.`G O+#%H -;+G =.&8>-;."$L; -"X8.:G L.&8-&. 8$-;&,-+R+-IH =&I",: -;& R",O+,&G "O.+L+: O".%8# -IV&GH :.8XG -;& GV&R-8-".`G 8--&,-+", -" -;& V&.+V;&.IJ 4;+G ".+&,-8-+",+G L$+:&: =I -;& O+#%`G ,8..8-+M& 8..8,L&%&,-G -;8-H =8G&: +, 8 %+:N#&M L&,.& %+dHG;8V& -;& G&R-+M& .&V.&G&,-8-+", "O ;+G-".+R8# .&8#+-+&GJ 3, -$.,H -;+G %&:+8-+",


30/170

Y/

!"#$ &'"#$()

.&M&.=&.8-&G +, #+%+,8# R+,&%8-+R GV8R&GH %".& =."8:#I R",R&+M&:H +,R#$:+,L %+,".

V#"-#+,&GH R"%%&,-G =I %"M+&L"&.G 8,: $,8,R;".&: :+&L&-+R G"$,:J 3- +G -;."$L; -;&O+#%`G GON.&O#&d+M& 8--&,-+", -" -;& V&.+V;&.8# GV;&.&G "O -;& M+G$8# O+:H -;&,H -;8--;& %&%".I "O -;&G& -.8$%8-+R &dV&.+&,R&G +G %"G- &OO&R-+MI ,&L"-+8-&:H ".:&.&:8,: 8..8,L&:H &,8=#+,L O$.-;&. :&M+8-+",G O."% -;& F26`G %&%".I "O 8,-+NO8GR+G-.&R",G-.$R-+",J 9I O8M".+,L 8 M+G$8# :.8%8-$.LI "O -;& V&.+V;&.IH -;& O+#% &dV"G&G8,: -;$G .&R+.R$#8-&G +-G "X, ,8..8-+M& -&%V&.+,L "O G".."X Z8,: %".& 8%=+M8#&,-O&+,LG "O G;8%& 8,: V"GG+=#I L$+#-]J 4;+G 8##"XG -;& 8$:+&,R& -" &dV&.+&,R& 8 G&,G&"O .&V8.8-+M& R8.& 8,: .&,&X8#J

23/)&)8+ 3@ /33L)-CT5-( /33L)-C 5C5)-U

4;& &OO+R8RI "O V&.+V;&.8# %&%".I +, 9&I&.`G V"G-X8. O+#% +G +,-+%8-I #+,>&: -"R",GR+"$G#I %8.>&: V&.R&V-$8# "V&.8-+",G +, -;& O+: "O M+G+",J 1%V;8G+b+,L -;&R"%V#&d .-+", =&-X&&, G&&+,L 8,: >,"X#&:L& O."% -;& M&.I G-8.-H :1*0&)" 1')?/**"2 8%V#+O+&G -;& ."#& V#8I&: =I -;& V&.+V;&.I +, -;& G;8V+,L "O R$#-$.8# %&%".IX;&.&H +, 8 O#&d+=#& O+: "O 8VV&8.8,R&H ,&X R",-&d-G 8.& R",-+,$"$G#I :+%+-&: 8,:O".%&: Z9$-#&.H )//[T[]J 68-;&. -;8, +,M">+,L -;& :"%+,8,- +R","L.8V;I "O 8,-+NO8GR+G- ;&."+G%H V.&M8#&,- +, 9&I&.`G V.&M+"$G X".>V13") 1,/'; F/2B"EZ([\Y]H -;+G;$%"."$G V"G-X8. O+#% "V&,G "M&. 8, &G-8=#+G;+,L G;"- "O 8 ;&8V "O .$==#&H V"G+-+",&:

G#+L;-#I "OO R&,-&. 8,: G$.."$,:&: =I -;& .&%,8,-G "O 8 ="%=&:N"$- =$+#:+,L X;"G&&%V-I X+,:"X O.8%&G &dV"G& -;& O8j8:& "O 8,"-;&. ;"$G& G+-$8-&: +, -;& .&R&GG "O -;&M+G$8# O+:J

5O R"$.G&H X& R"$#: G+%V#I V8GG "OO -;&G& &%V-I O.8%&G 8G M+G$8# R$&G O". 8,8-$.8#+G-+R %+G&N&,NGRy,& "O F&.%8,I +, .$+,G .8-;&. -;8, GON.&O#&d+M& G+L,G "OV&.R&V-+", Z9$.,&--H ([[UTU]H +O +- X&.& ,"- O". -;& X8I +, X;+R; -;& %8+, V."-8L",+G-+G +,-.":$R&: +, -;& O+#%H R8##+,L M+&X&.G` 8--&,-+", -" -;& 8R- "O #"">+,LlG&&+,L +-GOJ7$::&,#IH 8G +O R$&: =I 8, +,M+G+=#& O".R&H GH X+-; 8 G#+L;- G%+.> ", ;+G O8R&H G 8."$,:H -8>+,L G-"R>f 8%"%&,- #8-&.H -;& R8%&.8 -.8R>G "$- O8G-H -8>+,L -;& #8.L&. G+-& "O :&G-.$R-+", +,-" M+&XH+,R#$:+,L -;& :+GV#8R&: GR.8V "O 8 R+L8.&--& 8:M&.-+G&%&,- -;8- V.&G$%8=#I =",LG -"-;& O8R-".I +, .$+,GJ BG -;& +,-&.-+-#& g+, -;+G :+G-8,- I&8. ([0Uh +G +%V"G&: ",-" -;+GGR&,&H -;& M+&X&. $,:&.G-8,:G -;8- -;& ;+G-".+R8# %"%&,- "O -;& &,: "O -;& X8.H -;&M+R-".Im:&O&8-H R8,,"- =& L.8GV&: +, .&8# -+%& 8,: GV8R&f +- R8, ",#I =& .&GI%="#+b&:-;."$L; .&-."GV&R-+M& %&:+8-+",J D,#+>& -;& &%"-+",8# 8RR"$,-G "O -;"G& X;" ;8:X+-,&GG&: 2.&G:&,`G :&M8G-8-+", =I B##+&: ="%=GH +, X;+R; )UH/// V&"V#& X&.&>+##&:H\X& G&& 9#wR;&. ", -"V "O -;& .$==#&H :.&GG&: +, -;& V."-"-IV+R8# X".>+,LNR#8GG


31/170

Y(

!"#$%"&%'( *+" ,-.(%'/

"$-O+- .&%+,+GR&,- "O -;& ([)/GH ;8,:G R8G$8##I +, ;+G V"R>&-GH G$.M&I+,L -;& #8,:GR8V&

"O .$+,G G"%&X;8- +,:&R+G+MI 8,: -;&, G+%V#I .&GV",:+,L X+-; 8, &dV#&-+M& -" -;&:+G8G-&.J 6&G",8-+,L X+-; &OO".-G +, &8.#+&. 21QB O+#%GH +,R#$:+,L &: 8L8+,G- V&.G",8#

.&R"##&R-+", =I &,G;.+,+,L -;& ="%=+,L M+R-+%G "O 2.&G:&, X+-;+, 8 ,&X#I &%&.L+,LV"#+-+RG "O 8,-+N+%V&.+8#+G% Z7V&,R&.H ([[W]J 3,G-&8: "O G$GV&,:+,L -;& +%8L& "O .$+,+, 8 ;&L&%",+R ,8..8-+M&H -;& O+#% -8>&G 8 %".& V."M+G+",8# 8VV."8R;H +,M+-+,L -;&M+&X&.GH +, "=G&.M+,L +,L G-"R> "O -;& .$==#& +, -;+G =.+&O "V&,+,L GR&,&H 8 X".>&. X8#>G $V-" ;+% -" 8G> X;8- ;& +G :"+,L -;&.&H -" X;+R; 9#wR;&. .&V#+&G O#+VV8,-#IH gQ""#+G;i$&G-+",n#"">+,L Z;#U3"']zh

P"-8=#IH -;& O+#% G GON.&O#&d+M& O"R$G ", M+G$8#lV&.R&V-$8# 8L&,RI ;8G O8.N.&8R;+,L+%V#+R8-+",G O". -;& G;8V+,L "O R$#-$.8# %&%".IT -;& %":& "O O.&&N.8,L+,L "=G&.M+,L8GG"R+8-&: X+-; -;& %8+, R;8.8R-&. 8G 8 gX+-,&GGh -" ;+G-".I G$LL&G-G -;8- -;&

&dV#".8-+", 8,: -;& +,G&R$.+-+&G "O X8-R;+,L ;8M& ,"- =&&, G;+O-&: +,-" 8 O+d&: L8b&J4;&.& +G .""% O". $,:&.G-8,:+,LH +,-&.V.&-8-+",H O". %8>+,L G&,G&J 4;+G +G +%V".-8,-8R."GG -;& V."-8L",+G- G :+&L&-+R .&8#% "O -;& ([0/G 8,: -;& M+&X&.`G V8G- .&R8## +, -;&([\/GJ 4;& M+G$8# 8.R;+M& "O &8.#I 21QB O+#%G "O -;& ([0/G R",-8+,&: -.8$%8-+b&:X8. .&-$.,&&G X;"G& +,8=+#+-I -" .&+,-&L.8-& +,-" V"G-X8. G"R+&-I X8G %8.>&: =I-;&+. V&.%8,&,- +%%"=+#& G-8.&J B#-;"$L; 9#wR;&. +G ,"-H G-.+R-#I GV&8>+,LH R":&:8G 8 .&-$.,&& Z=$- .8-;&. 8,R;".&: +, -;& V."#&-8.+8, -.8:+-+", "O -;& &-;"G "O *&+%8.R+,&%8 +, -;& ([)/G]HW+- +G G-.+>+,L -;8- -;& O+#%`G 8--&,-+", -" GR"V+R R8V8R+-+&G +, -;&"V&,+,L GR&,& G$RR&&:G +, $,:"+,L -;& ,"-+", "O 8, +%V8+.&: V"G-X8. %8GR$#+,+-IJ


32/170

Y)

!"#$ &'"#$()

?".&"M&.H G;$--#+,L 8R."GG -+%& 8,: GV8R&H 8 ,$%=&. "O >&I &%&,-Gn+,R#$:+,L -;&

G$.M&I+,L L8b& "O +,LHh -;& -.8R>+,L G;"-G 8,: -;& R+.R$#8. V8,G "O -;& L."$V "O X".>&.G-#+,L +,: "OM+G$8# G-+R+-I -;8- $,:&.%+,&G -;& .+L". "O -;& +%8L+,8-+", +, -;& 8,-+NO8GR+G- V.&G&,-"O -;& &8.#I ([\/GJ BG 7+#M&.%8, V"+,-G "$-H -;& #"">H .&L$#8-&: =I G"R+8# 8,: VGIR;+RO".R&GH +G $,:&. R",G-8,- R$#-$.8# V.&GG$.& -" 8VV.&;&,: -;& X".#: O."% 8 V.&N8GG+L,&:M+&X+,L V"G+-+", Z([[\TU]J

*+-; +-G &%V;8G+G ", 8, "R$#8.R&,-.+R V8.8:+L%H O"R$G&: ", -;& &I& 8G -;& ".L8, "OV&.R&V-+",H 9&I&.`G O+#% #+,&G $V X+-; R+,&%8-+R V.8R-+R&G 8,: -;&".+&G "O -;& ([\/G8,: ([W/G +, -;& *&G- -;8-H &R;"+,L O+#% R",R&V-$8#+b8-+",G "O -;& ([)/GH V.+M+#&L&:-;& 8R- "O G&&+,L "M&. "-;&. %":&G "O 8OO&R-+M& .&GV",G& Z1#G8&GG&. 8,: E8L&,&.H)/(/T(/[]J 5O R"$.G&H -;+G ".+&,-8-+", -"X8.:G M+G+", G;"$#: ,"- =& %+G-8>&, X+-;-;& R+,&%8-+R GV8R& 8G 8 V;&,"%&,"#"L+R8# -"-8#+-I -;8- R8, =& %8:& G&,G& "O O."%8 G+,L#& V"+,- "O M+&XJ !+G$8# "V&.8-+",G ;8M& -;&+. "X, R",-.8:+R-+",G 8,: GV&R$#8..&L+%&G 8,:H $#-+%8-IH -;&I :" ,"- ;8M& 8 G+,L#& #"R8-+", ". M+&X+,L 8--8R;&:JQ$.-;&.H 9&I&. +G i$+-& 8X8.& -;8- G&&+,L 8,: O&+,L 8.& ,"- G&V8.8-&H 8,: -;8- -;&M+G$8# 8,: "-;&. G&,G&G Z&JLJH G",+RH ;8V-+R] +,-&.V#8I +, -;& M+&X&.`G V&.R&V-+", "O -;&R+,&%8-+R GV&R-8R#& 8G 8, &%=":+&: &dV&.+&,R& Z1#G8&GG&. 8,: E8L&,&.H )/(/T((/]J9$-H $#-+%8-IH +- +G -;& R&,-.8#+-I "O -;& M+G$8# G&,G&n".R;&G-.8-+",G "O GR8,,+,LH

G&&+,L 8,: .&R"L,+b+,Ln-;8- ".+&,- -;& M+&X&. "O :1*0&)" 1') ?/**"2 -" -;& V&.+V;&.8#+, -;& M+G$8# O+:H X;&.& O#&&-+,L +%8L&G 8,: :&-8+#G .&G+:& +, -;& -;.&G;"#: "O -;&M+G+=#& Z7+#M&.%8,H ([[\]J *;&, 9#wR;&. &dV#8+,G -" -;& X".>&. -;8- ;& +G ",#I -;&.&-" "=G&.M& 8,: #"">H -;& &I&G "O -;& -X" %&, +, -;& =.+&O &dR;8,L& "O -;& "V&,+,LGR&,& :" ,"- %&&-J 3,G-&8:H 9#wR;&.`G L8b& +G :+.&R-&: 8- -;& %8.L+,G "O -;& R+,&%8-+RGV8R&H -;& :+G-8,R& "$-G+:& -;& O.8%&J 3, "-;&. X".:GH +- 8VV&8.G -;&.& %+L;- =& %".&-" G&& -;8, %&&-G -;& &I&J

9$-#&. G$LL&G-GH

4;& O.8%& ,&M&. i$+-&

Documents

Memory and Periphery, Special Issue