MELJUN CORTES Computing Fundamentals

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Computer Concepts

Chapter 1MELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPAMELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPAMELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPAMELJUN CORTES,MBA,MPA

ComputingomputingFundamentalundamentals


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Overview

Explain Computer Literacy

Define Hardware & Software

Identify Computer Components

Differentiate Various Software Types

Differentiate Computer Platforms

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A World of Computers

Notable Technology Prognostications

I think there is a world market formaybe five computers.Thomas Watson, Chairman of IBM, 1943

Computers in the future may weigh nomore than one and a half tons. Popular Mechanics, 1949

There is no reason anyone would want acomputer in their home. Ken Olson, President of DEC, 1977



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A World of Computers

Computer Use

Everywhere

Impact Virtually EveryoneCreation, Collection, Dissemination Price/Power

Competition

Computer LiteracyUnderstanding of Computers and Their UsesTechnical Knowledge Not Required



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What Is A Computer?

Computer Definition

Electronic Machine

Controlled by Instructions in its Own Memory

Accepts Data

Raw Facts, Figures, & Symbols

Processes Data Into Information

Data that is Organized, Meaningful, and Useful

Produces & Stores Results



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What Is A Computer?

Information Processing Cycle

Input Accepts Data

Processing Manipulate Data

Output Produce Results

Storage Store Results

Communication Send Results to Others



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What Is A Computer?

Hardware & Software

Hardware

Electronic & Mechanical Equipment

Software

Instructions that Tell Hardware How to do Tasks



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Hardware Common Hardware Components



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Hardware

System Unit

Box-like Device

Contains Electronic Components

Connected to Motherboard



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Hardware

Input Devices

Used to Enter Data & Instructions

Keyboard

Mouse

Scanner

Digital Camera

Video Camera

Microphone



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Hardware

Processing

Memory

Temporary Storage for Data & Instructions

Central Processing Unit (CPU)

Carries Out Instructions

Tells Computer What to Do

Attached to Motherboard



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Hardware

Output Devices

Conveys Information to User

Monitor

Printer

Speakers



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Hardware

Storage

Holds Data & Instructions for Future Use

Media

Physical Material

Device

Reads / Writes Data



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Hardware

Communications Devices

Establishes Connection Between Computers

Use Telephone Lines, Cables, & Satellites

Modem

Converts Digital Signals to Analog & Vice Versa



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Hardware

Networks

Collection of Connected Computers / Devices

Share Resources

Hardware

Software

Data & Information

Save Time & Money

Internet Worldwide Network Linking Millions of Computers



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Software

Systems Software

Controls Computer Operations & Hardware

Operating System

Set of Programs

Coordinates Activities Among Hardware Devices

Allows Users to Run Application Software

Utility Programs Allow Users to Perform Maintenance-type Tasks



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Software

Application Software

Performs Specific Tasks for Users

Word Processing

Spreadsheet

Database

Presentation

Personal Information Management (PIM)



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Software

Installation



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Software

Programs

Series of Instructions

Tells Computer What to Do



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Advantages & Disadvantages

Computer Advantages

Speed

Reliability

Consistency

Storage

Communications



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Advantages & Disadvantages

Computer Disadvantages

Violation of Privacy

Crime

Impact on Labor Force

Health Risks

Impact on Environment



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Platforms

Personal Computers

Desktops

PCs & Compatibles

Windows OS

Apple

Macintosh OS



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Platforms

Personal Computers

Notebook

AKA Laptop

Tablet



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Platforms

Mobile Computers

PDA

Smart Phone

Handheld



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Platforms Computer Platforms



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Industry Applications

Education

Distance Learning

FinanceOnline Banking & Investing, Tax Prep

Government

911 Dispatching, Squad Notebooks Healthcare

Electronic Patient Records, PPID



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Industry Applications

Science

Collect, Analyze, & Model Data Publishing

E-books, PDF Manuals, MP3sTravel

Navigation Systems, Reservations, E-

tickets Manufacturing

Production, Inventory, Quality Control

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Documents

MELJUN CORTES Computing Fundamentals