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Computer Applications
Computer EssentialsHardware
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Computer Hardware
Memory
OutputInput Processor
Hard
disk
Flash memory
CD or DVD
Storage
Temporary Data Holding
Data Data
Data
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Software Program Types
System Software: all the programs that
help the computer function
operating system (OS)- including user interface
Application Software: all the programs
you can use to perform a task
productivity software
special-purpose programs
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The Physical Components
Input devices
Processing
Output devices
Storage devices
Communications devices
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Input Devices
Keyboard
Mouse, Touch pad, Joystick
Touch screen
Digital Camera, Digital Video
Microphone, Sound card
Scanner
Barcode Reader
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Output Devices
Monitor, Video Adapter Card
Printer, Laser or Inkjet
Loudspeakers, Audio Output
Tactile Feedback, Braille
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Bits and B ytes
bit = binary digitthe basic unit of information
1 or 0
byte = 8 bits
enough combinations (28 = 256)to store essential characters
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Extended A SCII character codes
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But modern computers useUnicode, which is a much
greater encoding system. Itallows for encoding of all thelanguages in the world.
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Big & Way Big B ytes
Byte a grouping of eight bitsfor instance --> 0110 0001
Kb (kilobyte) about 1000 bytes
Mb (megabyte) about one thousand Kbor one million bytes
Gb (gigabyte) about one thousand Mbor one billion bytes
Tb (terabyte) is about one thousand Gbor one trillion bytes
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Port Types
Serial -
Parallel -
SCSI -
USB -
FireWire -
IrDA -
bits flow in a single line
several bits flow at once
can connect up to 8 devices, fastdata transfer, found on all Macs
can connect many devices, has
hot swapping capa
bility
like USB, higher speed & more $
infrared, line of sight
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Motherboard
Printed circuit board with connectors
slots for
adapter cards
slots for RAM chips
ROM chip
CPU
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Memory - RA M
Stores part of operating system
Stores part of the application programs
Stores your files as you work on them
Never too rich, never too thin,never too much RAM
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What kind of memory?
Recommendation:
Get DDR memory. It will
give better performance
because it allows for 2
channels between CPU
and other parts.
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Primary Storage Hard disk
Size in Gigabytes
Magnetictechnology
Fast access
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Secondary Storage - CD/DVD*-R - recordable burn once
*-RW - rewritableerase and burn again
650 MB for a CD
4.7 GB for a DVD
8.5 GB for Dual LayerDVDs
In-expensive
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Flash memory USB stick
Flash memory is a non-volatile computer
memory that can be electrically erased and
reprogrammed.It is a technology that is primarily used in
memory cards and USB flash drives for general
storage and transfer of data between
computers and other digital products.
Easy to use and fairly inexpensive.
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Nostalgic Storage - Floppy Disks
write protection tab
liner
disk
spindle hole
sector hole
plastic casing
sliding metal shutter
read/write opening
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Then and Now
1982 - ABC 80
Made in Sweden
2007 ± Macbook Pro
Made in China
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Specifications
The ABC80
3 MHz CPU
16 kb memory
No hard disc
Two big floppies forstorage instead
Monochrome monitor
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Whats nex
t?
³When man and machine merge´
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