MEL713 – DESIGN OF I.C. ENGINES: COMPONENTS & SUB-SYSTEMS

P M V SubbaraoProfessor

Mechanical Engineering Department

Despite the green hype, internal-combustion engines will keep powering

vehicles for the foreseeable future.Waiting for A Major Break Through after a

century of Evolutionary Changes !!!

World transport energy use by mode, 1971-2009

Road fuel use and CO2 by vehicle type

Light Vehicle Sales in Two Decades

The Great Power Train Race

Why I.C. Engines in 21st Century?

Electric vehicles (EVs) Batteries are heavy ≈ 120/kg of gasoline equivalent Fuel cells better, but still nowhere near gasoline "Zero emissions" myth - EVs exportexport pollution Environmental cost of battery materials

The Concept of Green Car

• In any case, all-electric cars are green only if the electricity to recharge them is generated in low-carbon ways.

• In nuclear-powered France the electricity to drive a battery car one kilometre causes carbon-dioxide emissions of just 8g.

• Yet in China and India, which generate much of their electricity from coal, those emissions are over 120g.

• It would be greener to drive a new petrol/Diesel-engined car instead.

Solar Car

The Scope for Innovation

All sorts of industries are pumping money into making batteries more efficient and cheaper, but there are no breakthroughs round the corner

Conventionally fuelled cars have been getting more efficient for decades.

A study by Michael Sivak of the University of Michigan found that between 1970 and 2010 the average fuel economy of America’s car fleet improved by 66%.

Now money is being poured into making it even better A recent survey by KPMG found that in big emerging markets

especially, the motor industry was switching its research funds back to the internal-combustion engine.

Future of Car Engines

Car engines are continuing to shrink, but are now being fitted with things like turbochargers and fuel-injection systems that used to be available only on more expensive models.

This means they cost more to make but achieve better mileage without loss of performance.

Other fuel-saving gadgets include “start-stop”, in which the engine cuts out during idling, and various means of storing the energy released by braking.