MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

CURRICULUM FOR

BACHELOR DEGREE

IN

ENEVIRONMENTAL NGINEERING

MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY, JAMSHORO DEPARTMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING

APPROVED BY:

BOARD OF STUDIES,

BOARD OF FACULTY OF ENGINEERING

AND ACADEMIC COUNCIL

Annexure-IV

(For Semesters System)

Composition of Curriculum for all semesters / years including details of Credit-hours & Marks

FIRST YEAR FIRST SEMESTER

S.NO NAME OF SUBJECT

CREDIT HOURS MARKS

Theory Practical Theory Practical

1 Pakistan Studies 02 00 50 00

2 Islamic Studies/Ethics 02 00 50 00

3 Introduction to Environmental Engineering 03 00 100 00

4 Computer Aided Learning 02 01 50 50

5 Surveying 03 01 100 50

6 Introduction to Environmental Physics 02 00 50 00

Total Credit Hours 16 500

FIRST YEAR SECOND SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Functional English 03 00 100 00

2 Applied Calculus 03 00 100 00

3 Environmental Chemistry 02 01 50 50

4 Engineering Mechanics 03 01 100 50

5 Introduction to Computer Programming 03 01 100 50


SECOND YEAR FIRST SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Ecological Management 03 00 100 00

2 Environment & Human Interaction 02 00 50 00

3 Linear Algebra & Analytical Geometry 03 00 100 00

4 Fluid Mechanics 02 01 50 50

5 Thermodynamics 03 01 100 50

6 Environmental Microbiology 02 01 50 50


SECOND YEAR SECOND SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Environmental Economics 02 00 50 00

2 Engineering Materials and Environment 02 00 50 00

3 Differential Equations & Fourier Series 03 00 100 00

4 Computer Aided Design & Drafting 02 01 50 50

5 Electrical Technology 02 01 50 50

6 GIS & Remote Sensing 03 01 100 50


THIRD YEAR FIRST SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Water Supply & Wastewater Engineering 03 01 100 50

2 Numerical Analysis 03 01 100 50

3 Soil Mechanics for Environmental

Engineering 03 00 100 00

4 Engineering Hydrology 03 00 100 00

5 Solid Waste Management 03 01 100 50


THIRD YEAR SECOND SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Energy Resources Management 03 00 100 00

2 Principles of Water & Wastewater

Treatment 03 00 100 00

3 English Communication Skills 02 00 50 00

4 Statistical Methods & Estimation 03 00 100 00

5 Air & Noise Pollution Control 03 01 100 50

6 Power Plant Engineering 03 00 100 00


FINAL YEAR FIRST SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Water Resources & Irrigation Engineering 03 00 100 00

2 Natural Resources Management 03 00 100 00

3 Environmental Health & Safety 03 00 100 00

4 Modeling of Environmental Systems 03 01 100 50

5 Design Project-I 03 00 00 100


FINAL YEAR SECOND SEMESTER


CREDIT HOURS MARKS


1 Hazardous Waste Risk Assessment 03 00 100 00

2 Cleaner Production Techniques 03 00 100 00

3 Environmental Impact Assessment &

Management 03 00 100 00

4 Project Planning & Management 02 01 50 50

5 Design Project-II 06 00 00 200


MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY

INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT

Title of Subject : Pakistan Studies Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 1st

Effective : 13-Batch and onwards.

Pre-requisite : Inter Science (Pr-Engineering)

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm exam, 60% Written Final

Examination Credit Hours : Two (2)

Marks : (50)

Minimum contact hours: 28

Objective: After completing this course, the student should be able to understand:

Freedom Movement in its full scope and perspective;

History, culture, geography and economy of Pakistan and political institution, which

flourish during the last 55 years after inception of Pakistan;

Why the country has had failed in achieving national integrations, unity and cohesion

among the people of Pakistan during last 55 years;

The foremoset purpose of the study to achieve good democracy, national integration,

unity and cohesion;

Contents:

Ideology of Pakistan, Definition & Explanation in the light of Allama Iqbal & quaid-e-

Azam sayings, Religious movement, Eductional movement, Aligarh movement,

khilafat movement, Two Nation Theory, Indian National congress, all India Muslim

League, Pakistan resolution of 1940, separate Electorates, 1937, elections and

distribution of ministers, 1946, election and transfer of power, The nature and

emergence of modern state system Islamic concept of state, political concepts,

Sovereignty, Law, Liberty, Equlity, Rights and duties, Forms of Governments,

Monarchy, Democracy, Constitutional Development and political struggle in Pakistan

since 1947 and efforts for promulgation of Islamic state system, A comparative and

critical analysis of the 1956, 1962 & 1973 constitution of Pakistan Foreign policy of

Pakistan, world war I & II, Decolonization, Rise of the third world, alliances Systems,

NATO, SEATO, CENTO, Pakistan’ s role in regional and international organizations,

Pakistan relations with its neighbors and big powers, National integration and

regionalism. War on terror and its impact on Pakistan.

Books Recommended:

1. M. Ikram. Rabani, Pakistan Studies, Caravan book house, Lahore 2001.

2. Muhammad Asif Malik, Pakistan affairs, Publishers Exporium, 1999.

3. K. Ali, A new history of Indo-Pakistan, Urdu Bazar, Lahore, 1995.



Title of Subject : Islamic Studies Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 1st

Effective : 13-Batch and onwards. Pre-requisite : Basic knowledge about recitation of Quran

Co-requisite : Subjective study of Quran and Hadith


Examination Credit Hours : Two (2)

Marks : (50) Minimum contact hours: 26

Aims: To provide proper knowledge based on Quran and Hadith.

Objective: After completing this course student should be able to:

Effective maintain his identity in multicultural world

To find solutions to his problems from within his own cultural practices rather than be influenced by

external ideologies

Know why Muslims fail to equip themselves with essential survival tools needs in the world to day

Contents:

Quran and Uloom Ul Quran

Surah Al Hujrat and last Rkhu of Surab Ali Furqan

Excelence of holy Quran. (Aijaz ul Quran)

History of Collection and Compilation of holy Quran

Basic Beliefs of Islam

Tauheed, its importance, effects on the life of believer, shirk and it types

Prophethood, its needs and necessity, characteristics, finality of Prophethood.

Concept of life hereafter

Jihad and its kinds

Life history of holy Prophet Muhammad (SAW)

Life history at Makkah (Before Prophethood)

Life history at Makkah (After Prophethood)

Life history at Madina (including Charter of Madina, Brotherhood, Treaty of Holy Prophet Muhammad

(SAW)

Importance of Hadith and Sunnah

Ten Selected Ahadiths

Fundamentals of Islam

Rayer, its importance, pre-conditions, obligations and effects

Zakat, its aims and objectives. Legal recipients, NISAB, and Benefits. Fasting and Pilgrimage

Ethical values of Islamic Society

Taqwa, Tawakal, Simplicity, Lawful earning, Social Justice, rights of parents, elders, neighbors, fear of

ALLAH, and Truthfulness.

Ill effects of corruption and respect of law

Islam and Science

Quran and science

Importance of science and Technology in Islam

Historical contribution of Islam and Muslims in the development of Science

Verses of holy Quran that covers different fields of Science e.g. Social, Management and Natural

Sciences.

Books Recommended

1. A.A Umrani, Islam, the universal religion, Naseem book dept, 2000.

2. A.Q. Natiq, Sirate-e-Mustaqeem, Urdu Bazzar Karachi, 2002.

3. S.M. Saeed, Islam aur Hamari Zindagi, Naseem Book Dept, 2002

4. M Shabudeen, Quran Science and Muslims, Al Maktabah Al ashrafiya, Lahore, 2002



Title of Subject : Ethics Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 1st


Pre-requisite : Basic knowledge about different famous religions.


Examination

Credit Hours : Two (2)

Marks : (50)


Aims: To provide proper knowledge based on ethical and moral values of various famous religious.

Objective: After completing this course student should be able to:

To create stable and healthy civilized atmosphere.

To develop uniformity of moral beliefs and behavior.

Contents:

Definition of ETHICS, Significance of ethics in different religions.

ISLAM:

Introduction

Role of Beliefs and Arakans of Islam in Character building

Ethical values (Brotherhood, Equality, Liberty, Tolerance, Social Justice, Rights of Non-Muslim

Ill effects of corruption and respect of law

HIDUISM:

Introductions

Doctrines

Religious books

Concept of Re-Birth

Celebration days

Cast systems Trimurti and Ethical teachings.

BUDHISM:

Introduction

Doctrines

Eight Nobel paths of Budda

Critical Study on concept of Renunciation of material & worldly life.

CHRISTIANITY:

Introductions

Doctrines

Religious books

Human Honor

Self reforms celebration days Ethical Teachings.

JUDAISM:

Introduction

Doctrines

Religious Books

Ethical Values

Ten Commandments of Moses

Text Book(s):

1. Dr. A Rasheed, Comperative Study of Religions. Tahir sons Karachi 2001

2. Aadil Faraz, Ikhlqaiyat Mazahib-e-Aalam k nazar main apna idara lahor 2002

3. M. Hashim canna; Mazahib Aalam jo taqabili jaezo, Naseem Book dept 1998.



Title of Subject : Introduction to Environmental Engineering Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 1st


Pre-requisite : NIL Co-requisite: NIL


Examination

Course Code : EE101

Marks : Theory: 100 Practical: 00

Credit Hours : 03 0

Minimum contact hours: 42 00

Objective:

To introduce basic concepts and issues related to the environment

To highlight the professional practices in environmental engineering

Contents:

Introduction to environment and factors affecting the environment. Global, regional

and national environmental issues related to human wastes, industrial wastewaters

and solid wastes, water, air and radiological pollution. Global environmental issues;

acid rain, global warming, ozone depletion. Introduction to national environmental

problems. Population and resource utilization, Environmental degradation processes

and environmental pollution. Effects of pollution on human health and

environment. Sustainable development, definition and inter-relationship between

various components. Strategies for sustainable development.

Recommended books:

1. Principal of Environmental Engineering and Science by Mackenzie L Davis and

Susan J Masten, The Mcgraw-Hill Series in Civil and Environmental engineering

2. Introduction to Environmental Engineering, by Davis Mackenzie L. and Cornwell,

David A.

3. National Conservation Strategy of Pakistan (1992), Government of Pakistan

4. Gezitte of Pakistan-Environmental Protection Act 1997, Government of Pakistan



Title of Subject : COMPUTER AIDED LEARNING Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : First and Second




Examination

Credit Hours : Two (2) Marks : Theory (50) Practical (50)


Objectives:

To enable students to learn computer basics and software

Learning step by step processing of computer applications

To know about Computer Programming Basics

To Develop skills to use the computer in engineering computations and presentations

Contents

Introduction: What are computer and its social impact in office, industry, and education. History of

computers.

Classification: Mini, Micro, Main frame, Super, Hybrid, Digital, Analog computers and also modern

trends in computers

Basic Components: Input/Output devices, processing devices, CPU, memory

Storage Media: Physical and logical storage, Block diagram of computers, Generalized diagram of

computer.

Statement, data, program, software, flow chart, pseudo code, algorithm.

Software (system software, application software), Operating systems.

Basic Programming Techniques: Data types and declaration, variables, constant, arrays, syntax of

programming languages (Basic, C/C++, Fortron)

Introduction to C/C++: Header file, structures, branching, conditional structures, looping, usage of basic

library functions.

Lab Outline:

Exploring Hardware components of computer, Operating systems (DOS- working in command prompt

along with internal and external command), Windows (exploring windows operating system, generalize

working, desktop, copy, paste, folder creation, icons etc.), Exploring Browser (internet, email)

MS office: complete Suit

Introduction to C: writing simple programs in C compiler, Executing and debugging simple programs,

programming with control structures, functions, loops, library functions.

Recommended Books:

1. Peter Norton “Introduction to Computing”, Eighth Edition

2. Urooj Anwar Zaidi “Introduction to Computing”

3. Robert Lafore “ Introduction to C/C++

4. Brain Williams And Stacey Sawyer “ Using Information Technology” 7th Edition, 2007,

McGraw-Hill

5. William Stallings “Computer organization and Architecture: Designing for performance, 7th

edition, 2006, Prentice Hall.



Title of Subject : Surveying Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : First and Second




Examination

Credit Hours : 4 +2(Six) Marks : Theory (100) Practical (50)

Minimum contact hours: (52) (26)

Objective: To Enable students to understand theory and practice of land surveying.

To develop skills to use the modern survey instruments.

Contents:

Introduction:

Introduction to land surveying, terminology, instruments, branches and their application.

Techniques:

Chain surveying, Theodolite and its use in traversing and triangulation, Tachometry, Plan table

surveying, Two and three point problems. Computation of areas and volumes by various

methods.

Modern Methods in Surveying:

Principles of EDM operation, EDM characteristics, Total stations, Field application of total

stations in topographic surveys and construction layout, Introduction and application of Global

Positioning System-GPS

Leveling and Contouring:

Reduced of levels, temporary and permanent adjustments of level, precise leveling methods and

applications of contouring.

Field work:

Horizontal and vertical control, Construction surveys, Rail road, Pipelines and other

infrastructures, Layout of buildings and structures.

Recommended books:

1. Kavanagh,B. Surveying Principles and Application, Prentice Hall

2. Irvine, W. Surveying for Construction, McGraw Hill

3. Davis, R.E. Surveying Theory and Practice, McGraw Hill

4. Russel, P.W. and Brinker, C. Elementary Surveying, Harper Collins

5. James M. Anderson and Edward M. Mikhail, Introduction to Surveying, International

Student Edition, McGraw hill Book Company

6. Wolf P.R. & Ghilani C.D. Elementary Surveying-An introduction to Geomatics,

Prentice Hall, USA.



Title of Subject : Introduction to Environmental Physics

Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 1st




Examination

Course Code : EE110


Credit Hours : 02 0


Objective: To understand basic principal of physics as related to environments

The Essentials of Environmental Physics

Basic Environmental System

Introduction to the Solar Spectrum

Interaction of Light with Matter

Atomic and nuclear structure

Radioactivity and radioactive transformation

Alpha, beta and gamma emission

Sources of environmental radioactivity

Natural and man made activities

Terrestrial radiation

Extra terrestrial radiation

Cosmogenic radio-nuclides

Primordial radio-nuclides

Manmade sources

External and internal radiation exposure

Structure of atmosphere, Ozone and UV radiation

Climate change : causes and impacts

Transport of Pollutants: Diffusion, advection and dispersion

Conservation of Mass

Flow in Rivers

Ground Water Flow

Particle Physics. Noise, Basic Acoustics

Recommended books:

1. Principles of environmental Physics, John, Moteige, Academic Press, 3rd Ed., 2007

2. Environmental Physics, Egbert Boeker, Rienk Van, Gronbelle, Wiley, 2000

3. Introduction to Environmental Physics, Peter Hughes, Tayler and Frances, 1st Ed.,

2001



Title of Subject : Functional English

Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering Semester : Second


Pre-requisite : English Language Proficiency of Intermediate


Examination

Credit Hours : Four (4)

Marks : (100)


Objectives: To comprehend authentic text

Composing different types of sentences

Listen and comprehend lectures and collect information

Identify and improve pronunciation with the help of sounds, Individual and combination of

diphthongs, stress patterns and intonation

Participate actively in discussion relevant to 1st year Engineering

Students’ level of comprehension

Content:

Reading: Interactive Reading, apply the skills of surveying skimming, scanning and detailed reading and

identify topic sentence

Writing: Audience Related Writing, composition of sentences, paragraph, short descriptive writing,

précis and letter and application Identify contextual clues with the help of cohesive devices

Listening: Collect gist and important points from a listening text or any other oral source viz. lecture,

speech or conversation

Speaking: Taking part in different real life situations, answer question, argue and explain one’s point of

view, ask for information __ turn taking techniques and presentation skills

Grammar Mechanics of English Language, Punctuation, vocabulary, conversion of words, tenses and

sentence structure

Recommended Materials:

Dawn newspaper, Reader Digest, New Scientist and other interesting materials selected by

teachers

Recommended Books

A. J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet and Practical English Grammar

1. Sarwar Zakia, (Edt) 1991 English Study Skills A Spelt Publication Karachi.

2. R.R.Jordon, 1980 Collins Study Skills in English. William Collins Sons & Co. Glasgow Great Britian.

3. Jones Rhodri, 1986, A New English Course (An Approach to GCSE English Language for Individual

Study or Class Use)

4. K.James at al, 1986, Listening Comprehension and Note- Taking Course

5. (Collins Study Skills In English)

6. Selected text from Dawn, Readers Digest, New Scientist and other relevant material of teachers’ choice



Title of Subject : Applied Calculus Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : Second




Examination

Credit Hours : Four (4)

Marks : (100)


Objective: After completion of this course the student should be able to:

Know the derivative as a rate measurer, slope of a straight line etc and integration as the area

under curve.

Solve the application problems related to their field.

Know the vector algebra and vector calculus.

Contents:

Introduction to function:

Mathematical and physical meaning of functions. Graphs of various functions. Hyperbolic

functions.

Introduction to limits:

Theorems of limits and their applications to factions. Some useful limits, right hand and left-

hand limits. Continuous and discontinuous functions and their applications.

Derivatives: Geometrical and physical meaning of derivatives. Derivatives as rate of change of and related

rates.

Partial Derivatives:

Definition and geometrical meaning of partial derivatives and their geometrical significance.

Higher Derivatives:

Definition of higher derivatives. Leibniz theorem.

Mean Value Theorems: Rolle’s Theorem and Mean Value Theorem, Taylor’s and Maclaurin’s series. Indeterminate

forms.

Further Applications of Derivatives: Tangents and normal. Curvature and radius of curvature. Maxima and of a fuctions of single

variable (applied problems). Differentials with applications.

Applications of Partial Derivatives:

Euler’s theorem. Total differentials. Maxima and minima of two variables.

Integral Calculus: Gamma and Beta functions, Reduction formulae.

Applications of Integral Calculus:

Rocket flights, area under curves, solids of revolution

Vector Algebra:

Brief introduction to scalars, vectors and their products.

Vector Calculus:

Vector differentiation, integration and their applications.

Del Operator:

Gradient, divergence and curl and their applications.

Recommended books (Latest edition where possible)

1. Yusuf, S.M, Calculus and Analytical Geometry, Ilmi Kitab Khana, Lahore, 2007

2. Daniel D. Benice; Brief Calculus and its Applications; Houtton Mifflin Comp. Boston,

2006

3. George B. Thomas; Calculus and Anaytic Geometry; Addison Wesley Pub. Comp. 2007

4. M. U. Shaikh, Applied Calculus, Jahangir Publications, Hyderabad, 2008



Title of Subject : Environmental Chemistry


Semester : Second Semester




Examination

Course Code : EE121


Credit Hours : 02 01


Objective: To develop know how of chemistry and its application in Environmental Engineering.

Contents:

Introduction to environmental chemistry.

Basic concepts of

o general chemistry,

o physical chemistry,

o equilibrium chemistry,

o organic chemistry,

o biochemistry,

o photochemistry and

o colloidal chemistry

o nuclear chemistry

Applications of chemistry in resolving environmental problems

Soil chemistry and environmental contaminants: Pesticides and herbicides, PCBs, PAHs and

dioxins, heavy metals and other chemical pollutants.

Acids and bases: pH diagrams, pH buffers;

Carbonate chemistry: carbonate System

Alkalinity and acidity

Precipitation and dissolution

Solubility product, factors affecting solubility;

Oxidation-reduction reactions

Properties of liquid and solid samples and their testing

Recommended books

1. Clair N. Sawyer, Perry L, McCarly & Geve F Partern, Chemistry for Environmental

Engineering

2. Harrison R M, De Mora S J, Introductory Chemistry for the Environmental Sciences,

Cambridge Environmental Series No. 17, Macmillan Press Ltd

3. Brimblecobmbe, P, T. D. Jickells T. D Liss P. S, An Introduction to Environmental

Chemistry

4. Stumm,Werner and James J. Morgan, Aquatic Chemistry, Chemical Equilibria and

Rates in Natural Waters, John wiley and Sons

5. Baird, C. Environmental Chemistry, Freeman: New York, 1995



Title of Subject : Engineering Mechanics


Semester : Second




Examination

Credit Hours : 4+2 (Six) Marks : (100) Practical: (50)


Objective Basic concept of an Engineer is to be a good planner, designer and supervisor. For fulfilling

these requirements an Engineer must pursue the study of engineering mechanics in a systematic

and scientific manner

Concepts:

Introduction Concept and force of measurement of mass, force time and space.

Statics Force and its concept, force system, laws, resolution and composition of force system. Basic concept

of moment of force and couple, free body diagram and its application. Conditions of equilibrium

Friction

Concepts, laws of friction, friction concerned case, horizontal, vertical and inclined plane. Ladder,

wedge and belt friction.

Inclined plane. Ladder, wedge and belt friction.

Dynamics

Motion along a straight line with uniform acceleration, Newton’s laws of motion, connected bodies,

rectilinear and curve linear motion, Tangential and normal components of acceleration, simple

harmonic motion, projectile.

General properties of body and plane areas

Work and Energy Momentum, conservation of momentum and conservation of energy, mechanical

advantage and efficiency of simple machine.

Graphic statics

Funicular polygon. Equilibrium in coplanar, concurrent and non-concurrent force systems.

Books Recommended (Latest edition where possible)

1. Hibler, R.C. Engineering Mechanics, Prentice Hall.

2. F.L. Singer, Engineering Mechanics, Harper and Row Publisher

3. Ferdinand P. Beer and E. Russel Johnston Jr. Vector Mechanics for Engineers



Title of Subject : Introduction to Computer Programming


Semester : Second




Examination Credit Hours : 4+2 (Six) Marks : (100) Practical: (50)


Objectives:

To know about Computer Languages.

To improve programming skills

To enhance computer programming applications

Contents:

Introduction to C/C++

Basic of C++ Program

Input / Output Functions

Operators

Decision making statements

Loops

Fuctions

Arrays & Strings

Pointers

Structures Unions

Objects and classes

Operator Over Loading

Graphics Functions

Files

Programming in FORTRAN

Basic of FORTRAN Programs

Variables

Arithmetic

Operations

Input and Output

Looping in Programs

Arrays in Programs

Checking variables

Subprograms and fuctions

Formatting and file handling

Lab Outline: Labs will be based on C++ and Fortran Programming.

Application of C++ and FORTRAN in Environmental Engineering discipline.

Books Recommended

1. Gottfried, B.S. Programming with Structured Basics (Schaum Series), McGraw Hill.

2. Steven Holzner , Black Book of C++

3. Evangelos Petroutsos, Mastering Visual Basic 6, Sybex Computer Books Inc. USA.



Title of Subject : Ecological Management

Discipline : B.E Environmental Engineering

Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Introduction to Environmetnal Engineering

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Written Final Examination


Credit Hours : 03 0


Objective:

To provide basic concepts of ecology and various methods & techniques for analysis of

the natural resources and the environment

Contents:

Basic concepts in ecology; Structure of ecosystem; Energy and material flow within

ecosystem. Succession: (only basic concepts). Ecosystem productivity , food webs and

food chains; Types of ecosystems and their management; Biodiversity and ecological

sustainability; Nutrient cycles and Eutriphication; Populations / communities and their

dynamics and interaction; Species and extinction; Stability & change in communities;

Human as keystone species, effects of human activities on ecosystem, The Abiotic

Environment: Minimums, Tolerances & the Medium; Insulation, precipitation &

climate; Soils, Nutrients & other; Biogeochemical cycles & ecosystem, gaseous &

sedimentary nutrient cycles; Population Zoology; Major Ecosystem of the world;

Biomes, The major terrestrial Ecosystem; Aquatic Ecosystem

Recommended Books: (Latest edition where possible)

1. Charles L. Mohler Ecological Management of Agricultural Weeds

2. Matt Liebman Ecological Management Of Agricultural Weeds

3. Robert P. McIntosh The background of ecology: concept and theory

4. Edward J.Kormandy Concepts of Ecology



Title of Subject : Environment & Human Interaction

Discipline : Environmental Engineering

Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Introduction to Environmental Engineering

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20 % Midterm Exam & 60% Written Final Examination


Credit Hours : 02 0


Objective: To introduce anthropological concepts and research techniques for promoting participation of

major groups in environmental management

To illustrate that a multidiscipline approach is critical to the analysis of most real world

problems.

Contents: How & why societies affect their environment; Introduction to cultural anthropology and its

relationship with other social sciences; Cultural and political organization and resolution of

conflicts; Anthropological research methods with special reference to participant observation;

Participatory approaches to environment and development; A model for urban development

“orangi pilot project”; a case study; Participatory approaches to environment and development;

The impact of nature & the environment on societies; The agricultural revolution & spreading

of agriculture; Natural disasters & their impact of economies


1. P. S. Hattingh, G. D. H. Wilson Human-environment interaction: selected themes from the

humanities

2. Chambers R, Whose Reality Count Putting the First Last, Intermediate Technology Publications.

3. Shepherd A, Sustainable Rural Development, St. Martin Press, Inc.

4. Adamson, Hoebel and Everett L., Frost, Cultural and Social Anthropology, McGraw Hill,

5. Burkey, S, People First, A guide to self-reliant participatory rural Development, Zed Books,

London & New York,

6. Dr. Khan M I, Tahir B A, Amir S, and Akhtar N, Towards Participatory Management, Allama Iqbal

Open University.36 Curriculum Division.

http://books.google.com.pk/books?q=+inauthor:%22P.+S.+Hattingh%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=2

http://books.google.com.pk/books?q=+inauthor:%22G.+D.+H.+Wilson%22&source=gbs_metadata_r&cad=2



Title of Subject : Linear Algebra & Analytical Geometry


Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Applied Calculus


Credit Hours : 04 (Four)

Marks : (100)


Objects:

After completion of the course, student should be able to:

Perform the basic operation of matrix algebra.

Solve the system of linear equations.

Have concepts of two and three dimensional geometry.

Find the area volumes of bounded regions by using multiple integrals.

Contents:

Introductions to matrices, elementary row operations and vector spaces.

Brief introduction of matrices. Symmetric and an matrices. Introduction to elementary row

operations. Echlon and reduced echelon form. Rank of a matrix. Inverse of a matrix using

elementary row operations. Vector spaces. Vector subspaces. Linear combination. Linear

dependence and basis. Linear transformation.

System of linear equations.

System of non-homogeneous and homogeneous linear equations. Gaussian elimination method,

Gauss Jordan method. Consistence criterion for solution of homogeneous and non-homogeneous

system of linear equations.

Application of system of linear equations.

Determinants.

Introduction to determinants. Properties of determinants of order n. Axiomatic definition of the

determinants. Applications of determinants (Cramer’s rule).

Analytic geometry of 3-dimensions.

Introduction. Coordination of a point dividing a line segment in a given ratio. Straight line, in

R3: Vector from of a straight line, parametric equations of a straight line, equation of a straight

line in symmetric form, direction ratios and direction consines, angle between two straight lines,

distance of a point from a line.

Planes:

Equation of a plane, angle between two planes, intersection of two planes, a plane and a straight

line, skew lines. Cylindrical and spherical coordinate: Introduction to sylindrical and spherical

coordinates.

Surfaces: Quadratic surfaces, degenerate surfaces, symmetry, traces, intercepts of the surfaces, surface of

revolution.

Cylinder and Cone: Cylinder, directrix of cylinder, right cylinder.

Sphere: General sphere of equation,

Great circle conics: Ellipsoid, elliptic, paraboloid, hyperbolic, paraboloid, hyperboloid of one sheet, hyperboloid of

two sheets, elliptic cone, rolled surfaces, general quadratic surfaces.

Spherical trigonometry: The cosine, sine, and contagent formulae. Latitude and longitude,direction of Qibla.

Multiple integrals.

Definition, double integral as volume, evaluation of double integral, change of order of

integration. Application of double integrals, area, mass of an element, moment of inertia, centre

of gravity. Triple integrals, evaluation of triple integrals, application of triple integrals, volume,

mass of an element, centre of gravity, moment of inertia by triple integrals, triple integration in

cylindrical and spherical coordinates.

Books Recommended:

1. D.D. Benice, Brief Calculus and its Applications

2. R.A. Barnett, Applied Calculus

3. S.M. Yusuf, Calculus and Analytical Geometry

4. S.M. Yusuf, Mathematical Methods



Title of Subject : Fluid Mechanics


Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Engineering Mechanics


Credit Hours : 04+2 (Six)

Marks : (100) Practical: (50)

Minimum contact hours: 52 (26)

Objectives:

To learn basics of fluid mechanics.

To enhance skills of utilizing fluid mechanics principles for environmental engineering

application.

Contents:

Introduction: Fluid mechanics, hydrostatics, kinematics, hydrodynamics, Hydraulics,

Solids and fluids, liquids and gases, Units and dimensions. Physical properties of

fluids, density, specific weight, specific volume, specific gravity, surface tension,

compressibility. Viscosity, units of viscosity, measurement of viscosity, Newton's

equation of viscosity; Fluid Statics: Pressure intensity and pressure head, pressure-

specific weight relationship, absolute and gauge pressure, measurement of pressure,

Piezo-meter, manometer, pressure transducers, Differential manometer and Borden

gauge; Forces all submerged planes and curved surfaces: and their applications,

buoyancy and Floatation, Equilibrium of floating and submerged bodies; Fluid

Kinematics: Steady and unsteady flow, laminar and turbulent flow, uniform and non-

uniform flow, Path-lines, streamlines and stream tubes. Velocity and discharge,

Equation of continuity for compressible and incompressible fluids; Hydrodynamics:

Different forms of energy in a flowing liquid, energy head, Bernoulli's equation and its

application. Energy Line and hydraulic grade line, free and forced vortex, Flow

Measurement: Viscometer, manometer, Orifices and mouthpieces, sharp-crested weirs

and notches, Pitot tube and pitot-static tube, Venturi-meter; Steady Flow through Pipes:

Darcy- Weisbach equation for flow in pipes. Losses in pipe lines, hydraulic grade lines

and energy lines. Pipes in series and parallel. Transmission of energy through pipes;

Uniform Flow in Open Cannels: Chazy's and Manning's equations. Bazin's and Kutter's

Formula, Most economical rectangular and trapezoidal sections.

Practical/Lab. work: Practical’s related to the topics covered in theoretical Section.


1. Daugherty, R.L., J.B. Franzini and Fenimore, Fluid Mechanics with Engineering

Application, McGraw Hill New York

2. Fluid Mechanics by F.M. White, McGraw Hill.

3. Fluid Mechanics by Shames McGraw Hill



Title of Subject : Thermodynamics


Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Electrical Technology





Objectives:

To learn basic knowledge of thermodynamics.

To study temperature dependent processes in environmental engineering.

Contents:

Basics of Thermodynamics: The system, working substance, heat and work, state and

properties, temperature scales, processes and cycles. PV diagram, Internal energy,

specific heats. Ideal gas laws. Equations of state, first law of thermodynamics, system

and control volume concept. Application of processes. Second law of thermodynamics

and its consequences, reversibility, heat engines, thermal efficiency of reversible and

irreversible engines, the Carnot cycles, internal combustion engines and their

environmental impacts. Available and unavailable energy, isentropic process,

enthalpy-entropy diagram, Physical Properties of Steam: The formation of steam, the

triple point quality of steam, sub-cooled liquid, enthalpy of steam. Steam tables, P-V

diagram for steam, the critical point, behavior of vapor in different thermodynamic

processes; Air Standard Cycles: Otto, Diesel, dual Brayton, Ericsson, Sterling cycles

and their applications; Properties of Mixtures: Dalton’s law and the Gibbs Dalton law,

Volumetric analysis of gas mixtures, molar mixture and Specific gas constants; HAVC

Systems: Types, principles and their impacts on the environment, Practical/Lab. Work:

Practical related to the topic covered in theoretical section.


1. T.D Eastop and MaConkey, Applied Thermodynamics for engineering

2. Rayner Joel, Technologist Basic Engineering Thermodynamics

3. G.F.C.Rogers and Y.R. Mayhew Engineering Thermodynamics, Work and Heat

Transfer

4. Y.A. Gengel and M.A. Boles, Thermodynamics, An Engineering Approach



Title of Subject : Environmental Microbiology


Semester : 3rd


Pre-requisite : Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Final Examination




Objective:

To develop basic understanding of Microbiology as related to water, waste water, soil and food.

To understand application of microbiology in reducing/elimination of environmental pollution.

Contents:

Basic concepts in microbiology and their application in environmental engineering, Microbial

classification, growth and nutrition. Influence of environment on growth including

measurement of growth, DNA structure and replication, protein synthesis; Energy mechanism

in microbial metabolism; Cell· structures' and characterization; enzymes and enzyme activity;

Examination and evaluation of the effects of microorganisms in water and wastewater; Study of

microscopes, microbial staining and pure culture techniques, nutritional requirements

cultivation and growth; Enumeration of microorganisms in water, standard plate count;

indicator organisms; Control of microorganisms by physical and chemical agents; the structure

"and biological functions of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, algae, viruses;

Microbiology of water and wastewater; soil; and food; Biodegradation and bioaccumulation.

Practical/Lab. work: Practical’s related to the topics covered in theoretical Section.


1. Prescott L M, Harley G P, Klei C A Microbiology.McGraw-Hill Inc.

2. Telezar M A, Chan E C S Microbiology: Concepts and Applications. McGraw-Hill Inc.

3. Mitches R, Environmetnal Microbiology, McGraw-Hill Inc.

4. Denyer S P, Gorman S P Microbial Bioskills: Formation and Control McGraw-Hill Inc.



Title of Subject : Environmental Economics


Semester : 4th


Pre-requisite : Ecological Management

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Written Final Examination


Credit Hours : 03


Objectives:

- To introduce the basic concepts of environmental economics

- To enhance the knowledge of economic analysis

Contents:

Introduction to environmental economics. Basic theory of Environmental Economics; Natural

resource accounting and valuing of environment; cost benefit analysis, discounting and present

value of net benefit; Direct effects on human well beings & ecosystem; Efficient and optimal

use of natural resources; Economic benefits of non-renewable and renewable resources;

Systematic Analysis of Environmental issues using microeconomic theory; Elements of welfare

Economics; Theories of Environmental Policy instruments; An Economics approach:

understanding the relationship b/w Markets, Policy the Environment; Applying microeconomic

theory for systematic analysis of environmental problems & Policy.


1. David W. Pearce Environmental Economics: An Elementary Introduction

2. Tom Tietenberg Environmental Economics and Policy

3. The, Allen Goodman Economics of Health and Health Care,

4. Chapman, J L and Reiss, M J, Ecology (Principles and Applications). 1st ed. Cambridge

University Press UK.

5. Odum, E P, Fundamentals of Ecology. Saunders Company Philadelphia, USA.

6. Moles, M C J, Ecology (Concepts and applications).

7. Slingsby, D and Cook, Practical Ecology.

8. Tietenberg, T, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics. Harper Collins Publishers.

9. Perman, R, Ma, Y, McGilvray, J, Environmental and Natural Resource Economics.

Longman, London and New York.

10. James R K, The Economic Approach to Environmental and Natural Resources. Harcourt

Brace College Publishers.

11. Hanley, N, J F Shogren and B White, Environmental Economics in theory and practice,

Palgrave Macmillan

====================================================================

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=David%20W.%20Pearce

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_1?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Tom%20Tietenberg

http://www.amazon.com/s/ref=ntt_athr_dp_sr_2?_encoding=UTF8&sort=relevancerank&search-alias=books&field-author=Allen%20Goodman



Title of Subject : Engineering Materials & Environment


Semester : 4th


Pre-requisite : Environment & Human Interaction

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam, 60% Final Written

Examination




Objective:

To learn about environmental deterioration of engineering materials.

To know about basic environmental materials chemistry

Contents: Engineering Materials & their properties, i-e; physical, chemical and mechanical, Material

dependence, Resource consumption and its drivers, The material life cycle, End of first life: a

problem or a resource, Environmental factors that influence deterioration of materials,

Material selection strategies, Eco-informed materials selection, Sustainability of materials,

Materials for low-carbon power, Material efficiency, The bigger picture; future options,

Materials profiles.


1. Michael. F. Ashby, Materials Engineering & the Environment, BH Publishers.

2. A. Moncmanova, Environmental Deterioration of Materials, WIT Press.

3. Jerzy Labanowski, Environmental Degradation of Engineering Materials & Materials Engineering &

Technologies, Trans Tech Publications.



Title of Subject : Differential Equation & Fourier Series


Semester : 4th

Effective : 13-Batch and onwards. Pre-requisite : Linear Algebra & Analytical Geometry


Examination Credit Hours : 04 (Four)

Marks : (100)

Minimum contact hours: (52)

Objects: After completing this course, the student should familiar with:

The formation and the solution methods of first order linear and non-linear differential

equation.

Their geometrical and physical application.

The higher order and partial DE’s and their solutions.

The Infinite series, testing their convergence and divergence by different tests.

The concept of Fourier series. Fourier series of periodic functions with period 2π and

with arbitrary period 2L as well as half range Fourier series.

Contents:

First order linear and non-linear differential equations:

Introduction, formation and solution first order, first degree and first order higher

degree DE’s.

Higher order linear differential equations:

Homogeneous linear equations of order n with constants coefficients, solutions of

higher order differential equations according to the roots of auxiliary equation. Non-

Homogeneous linear equations. Cauchy Euler equation. Method of variations of

parameters. Applications of higher order linear differential equations.

Introduction to partial differential equations:

Solution of laplace equation, wave equation and equation, by variable separable

method heat (simple case).

Infinite series:

Introduction to sequence and series, testing the convergence and divergence of infinite

series by using different tests.

Fourier Series:

Fourier coefficients. Convergence of Fourier series. Fourier series of odd and even

functions.

Books Recommended:

1. D. Murray, Differential Equations

2. H.K.Dass, Advance Engineering Mathematics

3. B. S. Grewal, Higher Engineering Mathematics, Khanna Publishers, 1988

4. S.M Yusuf, Mathematical Methods

5. J.L.V Iwaarden, Ordinary Differential Equation with Numerical Techniques

6. Erwin Kreyzig, Advance Engineering Mathematics, sixth edition, John Wiley & sons, 1991



Title of Subject : Computer Aided Design and Drafting


Semester : 4th

Effective : 13-Batch and onwards. Pre-requisite : Introduction to Computer Programming


Examination Credit Hours : 02+4 (Six)



Objectives:

To enable students to learn basics of engineering drawing.

To enhance student skills to prepare and understand drawings for environmental

engineering application.

Contents:

Introduction: Need and requirement of drawings for environmental engineering

projects. General nature of drawings, Types of line, lettering, dimensioning, drawing

instruments, planning of drawing sheet. Types of projections, orthographic projections,

plane of projections; Isometric and pictorial projections of solids/machine parts,

making of freehand sketches from solid objects and from orthographic projections;

Symbols and nomenclature needed for specific drawings such as architectural,

structural, plumbing, electrical, air-conditioning, roads and earth work etc. Drawings at

different stages of projects, Elements of perspective drawing;

Computer Aided Drawing: General and basic know how related to computer aided

drafting, e.g. co-ordinate system, drawings setup procedure, basic draw commands,

basic edit commands, Layers, creating text and defining styles options, block and

drawing import/export options, Cross hatching, save and plot (2D) and isometric

drawings. Sections of joints, screw thread systems, nuts and bolts, pipe connections,

preparation of pipelines and sewer profile (longitudinal section, etc) drawings.

Practical/Lab. work:

Practical’s related to the topics covered in theoretical Section.


1. T.T. French, C.J. Vierck, R.J. Foster. Engineering Drawing and Graphics

2. Abbot Practical Geometry & Engineering Graphics.

3. Craft, Meyers & Boyer Engineering Graphics.

4. M. Chakarborti, Civil Engineering Drawing,

5. Gurcharan Singh, Civil Engineering Drawing, 2nd ed. Malik Book Dept., Lahore

6. George Ormura, Mastering Auto Cad, 1st ed. BPB Publisher

7. Boughton, B. Reinforced Concrete Details Manual (Reference Book), Crossby

Lockwood Stamples Granada Publishing, London



Title of Subject : Electrical Technology


Semester : 1st


Pre-requisite : Inter Science (Pre-Engineering)


Examination

Credit Hours : Two (2) Marks : Theory (50) Practical (50)


Objectives:

To learn basic knowledge of electrical technology

To broaden engineering sense of environmental

Contents

Electrical Elements and Circuits:

Electric current, voltage, power and energy, Ohm’s law, inductance, capacitance,

Kirchoff’s, laws AC single and polyphase system, DC machines, AC Synchronous

Machines, AC Induction Machines, Transformers, Converting Machines,

Electrification systems.

Power System:

Power Systems layout, transmission, distribution and utilization of electric power.

Electronics:

Diode. Transistor and simple rectifier circuit. Principles of House wiring and

Industrial wiring, illumination. Electrical know how related to experimental design

instrumentations like corrosion rate measurements, strain gauges, LDT’s, LVDT’s

etc.

Energy Management:

Power generation methods, Energy conservation, types of power consumption,

energy audit and Environmental issues of power generation transmission and

distribution.

Practical Laboratory work:

Delta/star- delta transformation. Parallel operation of D.C generators and it

characteristics. Measurement of primary/ secondary voltages of number of turns,

use of ammeter, voltmeter for measuring current and voltage of motor generator etc,

measurement of torque of motor. Characteristics of induction motors, measurement

of power and power factor study of oscilloscope; other measuring instruments.

Recommended Books:

1. Schum’s Series, electric Circuits, Basic Electricity

2. (Chapman, Electric Machinery Fundamentals

3. Theodore Wildi, Electrical Power Technology

4. Electrical Technology (E.Huges)



Title of Subject : Geographical Information System & Remote Sensing Discipline : Environmental Engineering

Semester : 4th


Pre-requisite : Computer Aided Design & Drafting Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm & 60% Written Final Examination




Objectives

To introduce different satellites images recorded in different ways and methods of their

analysis.

To provide an understanding of Remote Sensing & GIS, their evolution and applications

Contents:

Introduction to Geoinformatics: Resources of information, Photogrammetric surveying, Aerial and Satellite

Photogram metric; Global Positioning System (GPS): Fundamentals of Satellite Systems,

Navigational and Earth Resources Satellites, Positioning systems (GPS/Galileo) Integrating GPS

data in GIS; Remote Sensing (RS): Physical basis of Remote Sensing, Sensors, Platforms,

Resolutions, Image Processing Techniques. Classification and Digital Mapping, Geographic

Information Systems (GIS): Spatial Data types and acquiring considerations. Data models and

structures. Projections and transformations. Attribute-based operations, spatial Analysis; Field

and Laboratory Work: Trainings on GPS based surveys, Arc GIS, Arc Info, ERDAS and other

software. RS / GIS applications in engineering disciplines.

Practical/Lab. work: Practicals related to the topics covered in theoretical Section.


1. Michael Kennedy , The Global Positioning System and GIS: An Introduction, 2nd edition, Taylor & Francis,

New York, ISBN-0-415-28608-5

2. Thomas, M. Lillesand & Ralph W. Kiefer Remote Sensing and Images Interpretation, 5th edition, John

Wiley & Sons, Inc.

3. Clarke, K. Getting started with Geographic Information System, Prentice Hall, New York, Second Edition

ISBN-1879102897



Title of Subject : Water Supply and Wastewater Engineering


Semester : 5th


Pre-requisite : Environmental Chemistry

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Final Written Examination




Objective:

To learn layout and design of Water distribution network.

To learn design of sewer systems

To understand about designing of water supply projects. Contents:

Water supply and wastewater collection systems, Estimates of water demand and wastewater

flows, Water consumption, factors affecting water consumption, variation in water

consumption, Estimation of water, Sources of wastewater, Wastewater flow rates and

variations, Design period, Methods for estimation of design population.

Water and wastewater quality parameters, Drinking water quality and human health, Water

quality guidelines and standards, WHO guideline for drinking water quality.

Treatment of water: Storage reservoir, sedimentation, coagulation, filtration, Disinfection.

Water transmission and distribution system, Components layouts, Hardy cross method for pipe

network analysis, Design of water distribution systems, Overhead reservoirs, their function,

location and capacity, Different varieties of water supply pipes, Valves and fire hydrants used

in water supply systems,

Sewer systems and their layout, Sanitary and storm sewers, Sewer appurtenances, Hydraulics of

sewers, Design of sanitary and storm sewers, Design of wastewater pumping stations, Loads on

sewers, Sewer pipes and beddings, Layout of sewers.

Primary & Secondary Wastewater Treatment.

Practical / Lab work:

Practicals related to the topics covered in theoretical Section.

Field Visits


5. Mackenzie L. Davis, David A. Cornwell, Introduction to Environmental Engineering, McGraw-Hill.

6. Terence J. McGhee, Water Supply and Sewerage, McGraw Hill

7. Howard S. Peavey, Environmental Engineering



Title of Subject : Numerical Analysis


Semester : 5th


Pre-requisite : Differential Equation & Fourier series





Objective:

To introduce various techniques for solving Linear and Non-linear equations using

various numerical methods.

To learn about finite differences.

Contents:

Solution of Non-Linear Equations: Simple interaction, Bisection method, Newton’s method, Secant method, Method of

false position.

Finite Differences: Difference operations and tables, differences of polynomials, Newton’s and Gauss

interpolating technique for equally spaced data, simple theorems on divided

differences, Newton’s formulation for unequal intervals, Lagrange’s formulation of

interpolation, numerical differentiation, curve fitting by the method of least squares.

Numerical Integration:

Review of integration concept and their physical significance for Engineering,

Trapezoidal and Simson’s rule numerical integration techniques.

Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations:

Jacobi’s method, Gauss-Settle method, Sparse matrices, Solution of Differential

equations, Euler and modified Euler methods, Runge Kutta and Kutta Merson Methods.

Eigen-values and Eigen-Vectors:

Interactive and transformation methods, Eigen-values of tri-diagonal matrix.

Solution of Polynomial Equations:

Polynomial equations, finding initial approximations and complete solution of

polynomial regression analysis.


1. Complex Variables by Murray R. Spiegel, Schaum Series

2. Numerical Analysis by Scheid, Schaum Series



Title of Subject : Soil Mechanics for Environmental Engineering


Semester : 5th


Pre-requisite : Engineering Mechanics

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam, 60% Final Written Examination


Credit Hours : 03 00 Minimum contact hours: 42 00

Objective:

To learn various characteristics of soils.

To enhance the knowledge of geotechnical investigation for application in environmental

engineering.

To learn various terms/ parameters of consolidation.

Contents:

Soil Significance: Rock and their types and formation. Physical properties of soil water

content, voids ratio, porosity, degree of saturation, specific gravity, unit weight and their

determination, mass-volume relationships.

Soil classification: Soil exploration, purpose and methods of soil exploration. Probing, test

trenches and pits, auger boring, wash boring, rotary drilling, and geophysical methods, soil

samplers, disturbed and undisturbed samples. Introduction to geotechnical report writing.

Geotechnical Investigation: Soil exploration, purpose and methods of soil exploration.

Probing, test trenches and pits, auger boring, wash boring, rotary drilling, and geophysical

methods soil samplers, disturbed and undisturbed samples. Introduction to geotechnical report

writing.

Permeability and Seepage: Darcy’s law, factors affecting permeability, laboratory and field

determination of permeability, capillary and its effects. Seepage force. Introduction to flow net.

Estimation of seepage quantity. Quick sand condition. Sand boiling Filters.

Nature of Soils: Clay Minerals; unit cell, layer, and Mineral Structures. Surface functional

groups, Kaolin group, Chlorites, Smectites, Micas, Illites, and Mixed Layer clays. Allophane,

Non-clay minerals: Oxides, Hydroxides & Oxyhydroxides. Soil organic matter;

characterization & classification.

Chemical Properties: Electrical Charges; sources of electrical charges, net surface charges and

surface charge density. Exchangeable Cations and Cation Exchange Capacity (CEP, Anion

Sorption and Exchange, Specific Surface Area (SSA). Diffuse Double Layer.


1. Donald P.Coduto Geotechnical Engineering (Principles and practices)

2. Whitlow, R, Basic Soil Mechanics, Longman Scientific & Technical

3. Smith, G.N. Elements of Soil Mechnics, Oxford BSP, Processional Books

4. Smith, G.N. Elements of Foundation Design, Granada Publisher.

5. Raymond Nen Yong, Environmental Soil Properties & Behavior, CRC.

6. Dorairaja Raghu, Soil Mechanics for Environmental Engineers, Taylor & Fracis group

http://www.google.com.pk/search?tbm=bks&tbm=bks&q=inauthor:%22Dorairaja+Raghu%22&sa=X&ei=iD7RUZrzCcuN4gTk_ICwDg&ved=0CC8Q9AgwAA&biw=1024&bih=665



Title of Subject : Engineering Hydrology


Semester : 5th


Pre-requisite : Fluid Mechanics



Marks : (100)


Objective:

To learn about importance of hydrology and its application in environmental engineering.

To learn about Meteorology, precipitation, evaporation and transpiration.

To learn about Ground flow, stream flow and Runoff & Hydrographs.

Contents:

Introduction:

Hydrology, hydrological cycle, importance and practical uses of hydrology.

Meteorology: The atmosphere and its composition, Solar radiation as a source of heat, air temperature.

Relative humidity, dew point saturation deficit. Measuring devices of above mentioned

parameters. Global climate change.

Precipitation:

Types of precipitation, factors necessary for precipitation, measurement of precipitation,

interpretation of precipitation data, computation of average rainfall over a basin.

Evaporation and Transpiration:

Factors affecting evaporation, measurement of evaporation, evapo-transpiration.

Stream Flow: Water stage and its measurement, selection of site for stage recorder, selection of control and

metering section, methods of measurement of stream flow, interpretation of stream flow data.

Runoff & Hydrographs:

Factors affecting runoff, estimating the volume of storm runoff. Characteristic of hydrograph,

components of a hydrograph, hydrograph separation, estimating the volume of direct runoff,

introduction to unit hydrograph concept, S-curve, Application of probability in determining

maxima/minima of discharge. Types of histogram and distribution.

Stream Flow Routing: Introduction to floods and its causes, frequency and duration analysis. Reservoir routing,

channel routing. Flood Control.

Groundwater:

Introduction, Sources and discharge of ground water. Water table and confined and unconfined

aquifers, groundwater hydraulics, pumping test.


1. Warren Viessman, Jr. and Gary L. Lewis, Introduction to Hydrology,

2. R. K. Linsley, Max A. Kohler, and Joseph L. Paulhus, Hydrology for Engineers by

3. Linsley, R. K. J. Franzini, Water Resources Engineering, McGraw Hill.

4. David, A. Chin, Water Resources engineering, John Wiley & Sons.



Title of Subject : Solid Waste Management


Semester : 5th







Objective:

To provide an overview of solid waste management and to learn various techniques

used for solid waste management.

To learn about disposal methods & treatment technologies of Solid Waste

To learn about Hazardous waste & its impacts.

To learn about Integrated Waste Management.

Contents:

Sources of solid waste i.e. Municipal, Industrial, Hospital, Nuclear, etc, Characteristics of solid

waste management Waste minimization and recycling. Waste collection, transfer, scavenging,

transport and disposal. Composting and its types, Immobilization, Vitrification, Incineration,

Gasification & Pyrolysis Landfills types, Methods, Siting and design considerations, control of

landfill leachate & gases – Environmental monitoring System for landfill sites. Sources and

Nature of Hazardous; Waste-Impacts on Environment. Disposal of Integrated Waste,

Hazardous Waste, Underground Storage Tanks Construction, Installation & Closure.


Practicals related to the topics covered in theoretical section.

Field Visits.


1. Integrated Solid Waste Management, by John Tchanobaglus, McGraw Hill

2. Shah, Kanti L. Basic of Solid & Hazardous Waste Management Technology, Prentice Hall.

3. Hazardous and Radioactive Waste Treatment Technologies, Handbook by Chang, H. Oh, CRC.



Title of Subject : Energy Resources and Management


Semester : 6th


Pre-requisite : Solid Waste Management



Credit Hours : 03 0


Objective:

To enhance the knowledge of conventional and renewable energy resources and

their management.

To learn about world & local energy production & consumption.

To learn about economic incentives of energy resources theory.

Contents:

Renewable and Non-renewable resources.

Perspectives of world & local energy production and consumption, types of energy resources

(Renewable & Non Renewable, Conventional & Non conventional, Commercial & Non

Commercial).

Economic incentives of energy resources theory and application of different energy resources

(i.e. Biomass, direct combustion of biomass, Solar energy, Wind Energy technology, Energy

from Hydropower, Geothermal and other natural sources, Fossil fuels).


1. Energy and Environment, Willey,

2. Richard Wolfson, W.W. Norton, Energy, environment and Climate.

3. Bent Sorensen, Renewable energy.

4. Richard T. Wright, Environmental Science.

5. John & Smith, Renewable Energy Resources.

6. John Twidell, Renewable Energy Resources.



Title of Subject : Principles of Water & Wastewater Treatment


Semester : 6th


Pre-requisite : Water Supply and Waste Water Engg



Credit Hours : 03 0


Objective:

To understand the design principles of water and wastewater treatment system.

To know abut reactors in Environmental Engineering.

To learn about unit operation & processes.

Contents:

Types of Reactors in Environmental Engineering: Batch and continuous flow reactors.

Details of Types: Plug flow and completely mixed flow reactors. Completely mixed flow

reactors with and without solids recycle.

Unit Operations &Processes: General process flow diagrams of water and wastewater

treatment plants.

Wastewater Treatment: Physical Chemical and Biological Wastewater treatment processes.

Activated sludge process, Aerated lagoons, Tricking filters and biological towers. Waste

stabilization ponds, Biological nitrification and denitrification. Biological phosphorus removal,

aerobic and anaerobic treatment of biosolids.


1. Gerard Kiely, Environmental Engineering, McGrawhill.

2. Metcalf and Eddy, Waste Water Engineering, McGrawhill.



Title of Subject : English Communication Skills Discipline : B.E in Environmental Engineering

Semester : 6th Term


Pre-requisite : Functional English


Credit Hours : Two (2)

Marks : (50)


Objective:

To enhance language skills and develop critical thinking

Contents:

Basics of Grammar

Parts of speech and use of articles

Sentence structure, Active and passive voice

Practice in unified sentence

Analysis of phrase, clause and sentence structure

Transitive and intransitive verbs

Punctuation and spelling

Comprehension

Answers to questions on a given text

Discussion

General topics and every day conversation (topics for discussion to be at the discretion

of the teacher keeping in view the level of students)

Listening

To be improved by showing documentaries/films carefully selected by subject teachers)

Translation skills

Urdu to English

Paragraph writing

Topics to be chosen at the discretion of the teacher

Presentation skills

Introduction

Books Recommended:

1. Practical English Grammar by A.J. Thomson and A.V. Martinet. Exercises Third

edition. Oxford University Press. 1997. ISBN 0194313492

2. Don Robinson and Ray Power, Spotlight Communication Skills, Pitman Publishing

Co.Ltd

3. Reading. Upper Intermediate. Brain Tomlinson and Rod Ellis. Oxford Supplementary

Skills. Third Impression 1992. ISBN 0 19 453402.



Title of Subject : Statistical Methods and Estimation


Semester : 6th


Pre-requisite : Numerical Analysis



Marks : (100)


Objects: After completing this course, the student should be familiar with:

Different statistical methods to obtain the measure of central values of a data and their

interpretation.

Probability and its rules. Different probability distributions and their uses.

Estimations and hypothesis.

Contents:

Introduction:

Nature and importance of statistic, descriptive and inferential statistics, population and samples.

Data organization:

Frequency distribution and graphs.

Descriptive measures:

Measures of central tendency, measures of dispersions.

Probability:

Introduction to probability, counting techniques, dependent and independent events, conditional

probability, additive rule of probability and its applications. Contingency tables, joint and

marginal probabilities, the multiplication rule, Baye’s theorem.

Probability Distribution:

Concept of random variable, discrete probability distribution. Case study. Continuous

probability distribution with examples, Probability destiny function, joint probability

distribution, Examples. Mean of a random variable. Variance of a random variable. Binomial

distribution. Mean and variance of binomial distribution. Examples. Poisson distribution,

Normal distribution, area under the normal curve. Standard normal distribution, inverse use of

tableof areas under the normal curve. application

Curve fitting by least squares method:

Goodness of fit, fitting a straight, parabola and higher degree curves.

Simple regression and correlation:

Regression analysis by least squares method, testing the significance of the slope, simple

correlation analysis, coefficient of correlation and coefficient of determination, testing the

significance of r. Rank correlation.

Sampling distribution:

Sampling distribution of means with replacement and without replacement, Central limit

theorem.

Tests of hypothesis:

Testing a statistical hypothesis, Type I & II error, one tailed and two tailed tests, test concerning

means and variances, testing the difference between two means, Good-ness of fit test, test of

independence.

Estimation of parameters:

Confidence interval of one population mean, estimation a population mean, estimating the

difference between two population mean. The Chi-square distribution, estimating a population

standard deviation. The F. distribution, estimating the ratio of two variances.

Books Recommended:

1. Ronald Walpole, Introductory statistics

2. Sher Muhammad Choudhry, Statistics vol. I & II

3. Iqbal Bhatti, Elements of Statistics

4. Douglas C. Montgomery, Applied statistics and probability for engineering.



Title of Subject : Air and Noise Pollution Control


Semester : 6th







Objective:

To learn about air and noise pollutants and their impacts on the environment.

To learn mitigation techniques for air and noise pollution.

Contents:

Air Pollution: Sources, causes and control, Air Pollution and Human Health, Stationary and

mobile sources. Fuel and engine based air pollution. Air quality standards, Methods used for

controlling air borne emissions of gases aerosols and organic vapors, Legislation and regulation

in Pakistan.

Elementary study of dispersion models: Haze, smog, fog etc.

Radioactive Pollution: Sources, Causes and Control.

Noise Pollution: Sources, causes and control. Fuel and engine based noise pollution noise

quality standards in Pakistan, vehicular exhaust emission, and test procedures.

Air & Noise Pollution Control Devices & Methods: Scrubber, Cyclone, Electro precipitator,

Noise Barriers, different types of Noise Barriers, Fiber Filters.

Practical / Lab/ Work


Field Visits


1. Air Pollution Control Engineering by N.D Nevers, McGraw Hill.

2. Air Pollution by H.C. Perkins Mc Graw Hill.

3. Noise Pollution by Tripathy, Debipras.



Title of Subject : Power Plant Engineering


Semester : 6th


Pre-requisite : Thermodynamics



Marks : (100)


Objective:

To enhance and provide engineering aspects of Thermal & Combustion processes and

devices.

Contents:

Fuels - Characteristics and Properties. Combustion Thermodynamics and Thermo-

chemistry - Heat of Reaction, Calorific Value, Adiabatic Flame Temp. etc. Combustion

Kinetics – Reaction Mechanism. Formation of Pollutants – CO, Soot, NOX and SOX,

Biomass, Gas Combustion and Liquid Combustion.

Combustion Equipment: Combustion in Boilers (including Fluidized Bed Combustion),

Liquid Combustion – Atomiser, Spray Combustion etc., Gas Combustion – Gas

Burners.

Single Stage reciprocating compressor-neglecting clearance, Multistage of

compressors. Two stage air compressors, Work, power and efficiency calculations, Fire

tube and water tube boilers, Low pressure and high pressure boilers, boiler

performance, boiler efficiency, Types of condenser. Basic of steam turbine,

classification, Gas turbine, Application of gas turbine, Actual bray ton cycle, open and

closed cycles gas turbine.


1. F. A. Williams, The Fundamental Theory of Chemically Reacting Flow Systems -,

Benjamin-Cummings Publishing Company.

2. W. C. Gardiner Gas-Phase Combustion Chemistry - Springer; Fluidization Engineering

- Dekker, Kunii, D. and Levenspiel, O. McGraw Hill.

3. S. R. Turns, An Introduction to Combustion: Concepts and Applications, McGraw-Hill

Book.

4. Ballaney, Thermal Engineering, Khanna Publishers.

5. Kothandraman, Domkundwarm Khajuria, Thermal Engineering, Arora-Dhanpatrai &

Sons.

6. R Yadav, Steam & gas turbine.

7. Thermodynamics By P.K Nag- Tata, McGraw Hill Co.

8. Turbine, Compressors & Fans by S M Yahya, Tata McGraw-Hill.



Title of Subject : Water Resources & Irrigation Engineering


Semester : 7th Effective : 13-Batch and onwards.

Pre-requisite : Water Supply and Waste Water Engg


Credit Hours : 04+02 Marks : (100) Practical: (50)


Objective:

To enhance the knowledge of water resources management and irrigation.

To develop the skills to understand canal irrigation and drainage system.

Contents: Water Resources: The World’s Fresh Water Resources, Water Resources in Pakistan, Systems of Units, Planning

and development of water resources projects, The Future of Water Resources.

Hydraulic Processes: 1) Open Channel Flow, Discharge Measurement, weir, Flumes and

Stream flow measurement; 2) Groundwater Flow, Well Hydraulics, Simulation of Groundwater

System, MODFLOW, Groundwater Contamination.

Reservoir and Stream flow Routing: Hydrologic Reservoir routing, Hydrologic River Routing.

Water with drawl and Uses: Domestic, Industrial, and Agricultural and other water usages,

Water demand and Price Elasticity, Drought management.

Flood Control: Flood plain Management, Flood damages and Risk based analysis, Operation of

Reservoir System for Flood Control.

Dams, Barrages and Head Works: Classification of Dams, Sedimentation control, Weirs and

Barrages, Design of weirs on permeable foundations, sheet piles and cut off walls.

Irrigation Engineering: Definition and types of irrigation, Merits and demerits of irrigation,

Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS), Indus Water Treaty (1960) and Water Accord 1991,

IRSA.

Canal Irrigation: Design of irrigation channels, Measures adopted to control silt entry into

canals, silt ejectors and excluders, Canal head regulators, falls, flumes, canal outlets, Canal

lining, Maintenance of irrigation canals, Monitoring of flows-telemetry system.

Irrigated Agriculture: Irrigation Methods and practices, Irrigation scheduling, Management of

irrigation systems, participatory irrigation management (PIM), SIDA, AWBs and farmers

Organizations (FAOs).

Water logging and Salinity: Causes, effects and remedial measures of water logging and

salinity,

Drainage: Surface Drainage, Subsurface Drainage, Cross-drainage structures, Disposal of

drainage effluents.



Field Visits


1. Mays, L. W. Water Resources Engineering, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

2. Linslay, R.K. and Joseph, B.F. Water Resources Engineering, McGraw Hill.

3. Sharma, R.K. and T.R. Sharma, Irrigation and Drainage, Oxford and IBH Pub. Co.

4. Siddiqui, Iqtidar H. Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, Oxford University Press.



Title of Subject : Natural Resources Management


Semester : 7th



Assessment : 20% Sessional Work,





Objective:

To provide knowledge about Natural Resources Management.

To enhance the capability to conserve the natural resources. Contents:

Introduction: Renewable and non-renewable resources, Types, and existing situation in world and

in Pakistan. Wildlife Management, wildlife census, reasons for its decline and its possible remedies,

existing management approaches, sustainable/trophy hunting projects and its role in local and

national development, national and provincial legislation.

Agricultural Resources Management: Existing situation of agriculture sector in Pakistan,

agriculture products and their share in GDP, problems in agriculture, agriculture chemicals, national

agriculture policy, management options.

Energy and Mineral Resources Management: present situation at national level, limitation in the

future, best available option for future, solar power, wind power and nuclear power.

Land use Planning and Management: evolution of land use planning, review of land use plans,

review of land use plans.

Development of Management Plan: needs, requirement, process and contents of the management

plan.

Watershed management: Importance, basic principles, methodologies, forest and its existing

management.

Rangeland Management: existing status, importance, threats, causes and methods for its

improvement.

Fisheries & Livestock Management: Types of fish species in Pakistan, existing situation reason

for decline and its potential in the national economy, management options.


1. Goldsmith, F.B and Warren, Conservation in Progress, A. John, Willey & Sons.

2. Pearce & Turner Harvester Wheatsheaf, Economics of Natural Resources and the Environment.

3. Dasmann, Environmental Conservation, R.F, John Willey & Sons.

4. GOP and IUCN, the Pakistan National Conservation Strategy (PNCS).

5. Hansen, P.E. and Jorqensen, S.E., Amsterdam, Elsevier, Introduction to Environmental

management development in Environmental modeling.



Title of Subject : Environmental Health and Safety


Semester : 7th


Pre-requisite : Environment & Human Interaction

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Mid Term Exam, 60% Final Written

Examination




Objective:

To enhance awareness about the principles of environmental health and safety.

To learn about various, rules, ordinances Authorities related to health & Safety.

To know about various, production techniques & safety equipment.

Contents: Principles of public health; communicable & non communicable water borne diseases, food

borne, air borne and sanitation related diseases and control measures, Industrial- Nuclear

hygiene and safety, accident prevention and elimination plans, fire protection techniques, safety

equipments, Occupational health and safety in Pakistan, Labor code of Pakistan, Industrial-

Nuclear and occupational rules and regulations in Pakistan, Agricultural Pesticides Rules,

Agricultural Pesticide Ordinance, OHSAS-18001, Pakistan Nuclear Regulatory Authority

(PNRA) Regulations Pak/904 “Regulation on Radiation Protection-2004”.

Introduction to the principles of Toxicology as applied to environmental Engineering, Health

hazards and toxic chemicals-radio nuclides, Occupational health Programs.


1. Salvata, Environmental Engineering. & Sanitation, Wiley Interscience.

2. S. Caeneross, Environmental Health Engineering, Wiley Interscience.

3. K.F.H. Murrell, Safety for Industry Economics, Chapman & Hall International.



Title of Subject : Modelling of Environmental Systems


Semester : 7th


Pre-requisite : Numerical Analysis Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Final Written Examination




Objective:

To learn about various techniques used for analysis of different parameters affecting

environment.

Contents:

Basic concepts and definitions, environmental systems, modeling objectives and choices,

sensitivity analysis and sources of error, introduction to numerical methods, reaction type and

orders of reactions conservation of mass, energy and momentum, river/stream quality.

Development of models, General Mathematical Formulation of water Quality Models for

Streams and Rivers; BOD, DO, Bacterial Decay, and Nitrification. Stream Surveys for Model

Calibration and Verification; Application of river models for water quality management, lakes,

reservoirs, estuaries, contaminants transport models for groundwater and soil, air pollution

dispersion models, noise pollution models in urban centers, environmental planning models.


Practical related to the topics covered in theoretical section.

Software Quails.


1. W.J. Weber and F. Digiamo, Process Dynamics in Environmental System Wiley Intisene.

2. R.V. Thomann & J.A. Mullama, Principles of Surface Water Quality Modeling and Control, Hamper

and Row.

3. Louis J, Environmental Chenodynamics Movement of Chemicals in Air, Water & Soil by, Thibodeaun.



Title of Subject : Design Project -I


Semester : 7th


Pre-requisite :

Assessment : 25% Sessional Work, 75% Thesis Evaluation & Viva-Voce




Objective:

To make capable to Design & Fabricate the Environmental simulators.



Title of Subject : Hazardous Waste Risk Assessment


Semester : 8th


Pre-requisite : Solid Waste Management Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Midterm Exam & 60% Final Written Examination




Objective:

To provide the knowledge about the Hazardous Waste Risk Assessment methods

and techniques.

To learn about the Regulation & Prescription for Environmental Program.

Contents:

The Nature of Hazardous Wastes, Wastes Classification systems, the need for Regulation &

Prescription for Environmental Program, Pertinent statutes & Regulation, Fundamental of

Hazards, Exposure and Risk Assessment, concepts of Risk Assessment, uncertainty issues in

Risk Assessment process, Risk Assessment Techniques and methods, Hazardous waste

management decision from risk assessment, Selected case studies and applications.


1. D. Kofi Asante-Duah, Hazardous waste Risk Assessment, CRC Press.

2. Richard J.Watts, Hazardous Wastes: Sources, pathways, receptors, Willey & Sons.



Title of Subject : Cleaner Production Techniques


Semester : 8th


Pre-requisite : Noise & Air Pollution Control

Assessment : 20% Sessional Work, 20% Mid Term Exam, 60% Final Written

Examination



Minimum contact hours: (42) 00

Objective:

To impart know-how for resource optimization, pollution control and corporate

competitiveness.

To learn about the cleaner production plans and strategies for implementing cleaner

production plans.

Contents: Cleaner Production and Sustainable development, principles and phases.

Cleaner production plans and strategies for implementing cleaner production plans, Cleaner

production and Eco-efficiencies, Environmental management system, Closed loop operations,

Detailed chemical/ material flow analysis, Life cycle design and impact assessment, Waste

minimization, Reuse of waste products, specific examples from industry where the methods of

cleaner production have been applied, ISO-14000.


1. Kenneth L and Mulholland, Identification of Cleaner Production Improvement Opportunities.

2. Promoting Cleaner production in developing countries the role of development co-operation,

OECD Publications.

3. Hillary Ruth, Environmental Management Systems and cleaner Production.

4. Paul M. Randall, Engineer’s Guide to Cleaner Production Technologies.

Technomic Publishing Co.

5. Cleaner Production: Global Status 2002, United Nations Environment Programme.



Title of Subject : Environmental Impact Assessment & Management


Semester : 8th


Pre-requisite : Project Planning and Mangment





Objective:

To provide basic knowledge of environmental impacts of development.

Projects and their mitigation.

To prepare Initial Environmental Examination (IEE), Environmental.

Impact Assessment (EIA) statements and Environmental Management.

Plans (EMPs).

Contents:

Introduction to Environmental Impact Assessment. IEE &EIA, Role of Governments and EIA

legislation, EIA guidelines, Environmental impact assessment process, Screening and scoping

techniques, Importance of baseline data, Impact identification methods and techniques,

Remedial measures, Environmental Management Plan (EMP). ISO14000, Monitoring &

Auditing, Role of public consultation and participation in EIA Process

Environmental impact statement, Impact assessment methodologies (Adhoc, checklists,

Matrices, Networks, Overlays, GIS Techniques, simulation models, cost-benefit analysis),

Environmental impact assessment and management of selective development projects- Case

Studies


1. Wood, C. Environmental Impact Assessment (A Comparative Review). Longman Scientific and

Technical. Longman House.

2. Petts, J. and Eduljee, G, Environmental impact Assessment for waste treatment and disposal facilities.

John Willey & Sons Inc. UK.

3. North k.. Environmental Business management an introduction, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co- Pvt. Ltd.



Title of Subject : Project Planning and Management


Semester : 8th







Objective:

To learn about importance of planning and management of projects and its applications

in environmental engineering.

To carry out the feasibility of the project.

Contents:

Introduction to project planning & management, Relationship of development with

environment

Project planning and cost estimation: Preparation of feasibility reports, Rough cost and

detailed estimates for environmental engineering projects including preparation of bill

of quantities (B.O.Q), Scheduled and non-scheduled rates, Analysis of rates.

Project approval processes in Pakistan, Introduction to contracting and tendering.

Project Planning, Scheduling and Controlling: Scheduling resources, delivering

Materials, Scheduling manpower, financing the project, Job layout, Project Control

during construction, keeping equipment records, Project supervision, Construction Cost

Control, Cost Control records. Use of computer software in project management.

Introduction to claims and conflict resolution: inflation, indexation, arbitration and

litigation, Critical path method (CPM). Principle and use of CPM in environmental

projects, Manual versus computer analysis of critical path methods, Program evaluation

review technique (PERT).



Computer based practices.


1. A Guide to the Project management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guides) by project

Management Institute.

2. Project Management: A Systems Approach to Planning, Scheduling, and Controlling

by Harold, Ph.D. Kerzner

3. Fundamentals of Technology Project Management by Colleen Garton.

4. Project Management Case Studies by Harold, Ph.D Kerzner

5. The Art of Project Management (Theory in Practice (O’Reilly)) by Scott Berkun.



Title of Subject : Design Project -II


Semester : 8th


Pre-requisite :

Assessment : 25% Sessional Work, 75% Thesis Evaluation & Viva-Voce




Objective:

To make capable to carry out individual research project by data collection from

field and lab.

Documents

MEHRAN UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY