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MEETING ON URBAN SETTLEMENTS AND CLIMATE CHANGE,

LA PAZ, BCS, November 17-20, 2015

Antonina Ivanova

UABCS, IPCC Bureau Member 2008-2015

Emerging and Sustainable CitiesInitiative of IADB

• The Climate Action Plan for the city of La Pazoriginates as a complementary study to the Emergingand Sustainable Cities Initiative (ESCI) of the Inter-American Development Bank in which the city of LaPaz, Mexico takes part (Winner 2015, ClimateSolutions Rewards)

• The ESCI seeks to help participating cities to identifythe main challenges and the actions of short andmedium term that allow guide their developmenttowards greater sustainability.

ESCI

•Environmental management and local pollution control (including air and water contamination, solid waste management and disaster prevention)

• Climate change mitigation

••Climate vulnerability reduction and adaptation measures

•City design and footprint impact, or growth control through effective planning and land use

• Social inequality and uneven distribution of urban services

•rban transportation network efficiency

• Economic competitiveness

••Public safety

•Prioritization and financing of needed investments

• Urban and social services maintenance and funding

• Expenditures and debt control

• Transparency of decision making

ESC

I –A

REA

S 0

F FO

CU

S

Environmental

Sustainability/

Climate Change

Comprehensive

Urban

Development

Fiscal

Sustainability

and Good

Governance

Map of La Paz and surrounding areas

Parts of research process

• The research was conducted in two mainmodules, to cover the most important aspectsfor the city of La Paz related to the climatechange:

– Adaptation

– Mitigation

RESEARCH METHODS• UNEP (2009) Training Manual on Vulnerability and

Adaptation to Climate Change for Geo Cities,

• UN-Habitat 2010, Planning for Climate Change: AResource Guide for Urban Planners (draft, 2010)

• UNEP (2011) IEA Training Manual, Climate ChangeVulnerability and Impact Assessment in Cities(http://www.unep.org/ieacp/files/pdf/Climate/IEA-Climate-Change-VIA-City.pdf).

• IPCC. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change“Revised 1996 guidelines for national greenhouse gasinventories - Reference manual (volume 1, 2 and 3)”,1997a. www.ipcc-nggip.iges.or.jp/public/gl/invs4.html.

CARACTERISATION OFLA PAZ CITY

• Desertic climate,

• Coastal zone,

• Medium Economicpotential,

• High social development.

• Medium size (0.5 y 2millones),

• Medium rate of growth:mediana (4.5%/year)

MAIN IMPACTS IN LA PAZ CITY

• Water scarcity• Sea level rise; floods.• Acidification of the ocean.• Cyclones, coastal erosion.• Desertification and drought.• Impacts on biodiversity and fisheries.• Societal and economic impacts.• Impacts on the main economic activity: the

tourism.• Mainstreaming: development plans.

STAGES OF RESEARCH AND CONSULTATION PROCESS

MITIGATION: GEI EMISSIONS

MITIGATION: Porcentual contribution to GHG by sector

Electricidad, 36%

Transporte, 52%

Gas LP, 4%

Pavimentación asfáltica, 0.2%

Emisiones fugitivas

refrigerantes, 0.2%

Agricultura, 2%USCUSS, 1%

Desechos, 5%

2010Total EGEI: 1,383 Gg CO2 eq.

ADAPTATION: WATER VULNERABILITY

ADAPTATION: COMBINED VULNERABILITY PROCESS

Vista de Google Earth hacia la ciudad de La Paz

+50 centímetros – Cambio del Nivel del Mar

+100 centímetros (+1metro) – Cambio del Nivel del Mar

Planicie de Inundación Fluvial Cambio del Nivel del Mar (+1/2 & +1 metro)

22 core strategies;126 lines of action

• WATER

• COSTS

• BIODIVERSITY AND DESERTIFICATION

• URBAN PLANNING

• SOCIETY

• MITIGATION OF GREENHOUSE GASES (GHG)

• ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION TRANSVERSAL

WATER

•watershed management, dripping volums measurment, desalinaton, research on water quality, increase the use of treated water, increase the capture of water in infiltrating ditches and pondsoster reforestation projects; modernize water pipes and reduce leaks; water culture; agríiculture water use, etc.

•24 ACTIONS

COASTS

•monitoring temperature changes and sea level rise, protection and reforestation of wetlands, risks atlas, environmental management, protected areas; reduce the vulnerability and the risks in tourism; foster the sustainable fisheries and aquaculture, etc;

•21 ACTIONS

DESERTIFICATION/BIODIVERS

ITY

•complience of the State Hydraulic Plan, rationalization of the crops and irrigation systems, assessment of the success of reforestation campaigns, foster the reforestation with native plants, continue and enhance the activities for soil conservation, avoid the introduction of invading species, promote the paiment for environmental services, etc.

•13 ACTIONS

HUMAN

SETTLEMENTS

• infrastructure; modernize and raise the efficiency of the water use in the cities; permeable paving in recharge areas; create territorrial reserves, etc.

•13 ACTIONS

SOCIETY

•sustainable productive activities, information on climate impacts, traditional knowledge; rural and coastal communities; housing in risk zones; environmental education; security and health, etc.

•16 ACTIONS

MITIGA

TION

•energy efficiency, renewable energies use; transportation; use and management of solid waste and residual water, etc.

•21 ACTIONS

EDUCATION

•formal environmental education; informal environmental education; environmental commmunication; capacity building in rural areas; institutional strenghtening, educational research, etc.

•24 ACTIONS

TRANS

VERSAL

•mayor autonomy for the Municipal Goverment of La Paz,: establishment of an office responsible for climate accion in the Municipality of La Paz; legal; environmental education; communication; research, etc.

•10 ACTIONS

¡THANK YOU!http://www.lapaz.gob.mx/images/stories/cambioclima.zip