ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH

Social development

Family

influence

Family influence

• The single most influential factor in the development of

adolescents is the family.

• In terms of social development, there is a constant

friction of adolescent with their parents, siblings and

relatives.

• Among family members parents, of course, play the

most critical role.

Parent –adolescent relationships

Parent –adolescent

relationships• In terms of communication negotiations centering

around three main dialectical forces at work in the

parent-adolescent relationship. These forces are

autonomy versus connection, privacy versus open

boundaries, and an inter-individual versus intergroup

dimension

It is suggested that conceptualizing parent-adolescent

communications dynamic and procession across the

short and long term may be more useful than focusing on

the parent-as-agent or issuing recipes for successful

communication with adolescents.

Parents, in turn gain satisfaction by knowing that their

children need them and depend upon them. Adolescents

need to break the emotional dependence of childhood

and re-establish more reciprocal adult ties with parents.

Puberty demands drastic emotional readjustment. Up until puberty, children in emotionally healthy families have formed close, dependent, emotional attachments with their parents. Children have depended primarily on their parents to meet the needs for love, affection, approval, and support.

However sometimes disagreements may occur with parents in terms of the following:

•Values – Parents and adolescents are

facing a conflict of values. Usually there is a large amount of congruence between parents and adolescents on such values as educational goals, career issues, religious beliefs, political beliefs and values; there are conflicts that exist within the individual.

ROLE OF PARENTS IN

GUIDING ADOLESCENTS

Adolescence is an important period of growth in

which, ideally, a healthy transition from dependence

on family occurs, young people are increasingly

less likely to need family involvement and support in

their lives.

adolescent relationships with parents move tointer-dependence, resulting in reciprocally

supportive and connected networks not just with

family members, but also friends, partners,

colleagues and others

The role of parents in an adolescent's

life, protective factors - such as

providing a being secure base,

caring, providing a feeling of

connectedness and being valued,

providing support and giving a sense

of belonging - are linked to positive

outcomes in adolescence and beyond .

For example, one longitudinal study in the US showed

that adolescents who felt highly valued and were able to

confide in family members at age 15 had substantially

reduced risks for mental illness at age 30.The benefits of

parental monitoring and limit-setting are also

emphasized within the literature.

with poor parental monitoring clearly linked to negative

outcomes in adolescence, such as antisocial behavior,

substance use and sexual risk-taking The limits set by

parental monitoring, however, may provoke tension as

the adolescent negotiates the struggle between

developing their autonomy while continuing to have

close bonds with their parents .

peer relationships or

friendships

peer relationships or

friendships

Friendship is a factor in the socialization of

adolescents. It plays an important role in the quest for

self-knowledge and self-definition.

Friends are sources of companionship and recreation, share advice and valued possessions, serve as trusted confidants and critics, act as loyal allies and provide stability in times of stress or transition.

•The adolescent desires emotional independence and part of emotional fulfillment from friends that was earlier provided by the family.

•Through interaction with peers, adolescents learn how to resolve differences in ways other than direct aggression. Observing how peers deal with conflicts could be helpful in learning assertive behavior,

•Also through conversation and debate with peers, adolescents learn to improve socials skills, develop reasoning abilities and learn to express feelings in more mature ways.

• Sexual attitudes and sex-role behaviors are shaped primarily through peer interaction.

• Peer groups also help adolescents evaluate the values of his or her peers and decide what is right, thus helping them to strengthen their moral judgment and values.

Autonomy in adolescence - individual movement toward adult

status, making one's own decisions and living with the

consequences, emotional detachment, financial semi-

independence, disengagement from parents, school affiliations,

and so on.

Autonomy

Adolescent cliques are cliques that develop

amongst adolescents. "clique" is used to

describe a group of 2 to 12 (averaging 5 or 6)

"persons who interact with each other more

regularly and intensely than others in the same

setting Cliques are distinguished from "crowds" in

that their members interact with one another .with

cliques is part of normative social development

regardless of gender, ethnicity, or popularity.

1) Crowds and the way they are categorized help adolescents

learn about the alternative social identities that are available to

them.

2) The crowd adolescents belong to strongly influence whom

they are likely to meet and spend time with.

3) Crowds shape their members interpersonal relations.

Thank youPresented by

Meenakski B