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MEDNET MONOGRAPHS An authentic series of Monographs on diverse aspects of Islam highlighting its fundamentals, basic concepts, ethos and values, explaining their relevance in the contemporary context in a systematic and scientific way S. No. Theme Titles 1. Deen-e-Islam And Modern Society 2. Basic Tenets of Islam 3. SALAAT Symbol of Obedience to Allah (SWT) Discipline, Unity and Equality in Islam 4. ZAKAAT Islamic System of Social Justice 5. SAUM (Fasting) A Unique Exercise in Self-purification and Self-restraint 6. HAJJ A Superb Display of Unity and Unique Leveler of Mankind 7. Compilation of Al-Qur'an: The Verbatim Record of the Words of Allah (SWT) 8. Islamic Values: Eternally Relevant, Universally Applicable 9. Islam was the Religion of all the Prophets-Muhammad (SAWS) was the Last Prophet 10. Muhammad Rasulullah (SAWS): A Biographical Sketch 11. Prophets of Allah (SWT) and Their Mission 12. The Three Sacred Mosques: (i) Masjid-al-Haraam (ii) Masjid-al-Aqsa (iii) Masjid-al-Nabawi 13. Battles by the Prophet (SAWS) 14. Selected Sermons of the Prophet (SAWS) 15. Compilation of Ahadith (Traditions) of the Prophet (SAWS) 16. Islam the Religion of Peace, Compassion and Justice 17. Selected Qur'anic Verses: Classified by Scientific Themes 18. Qur'anic Encouragement to Scientific Research 19. Modern Technology, Resource Utilization and Qur'anic Approach 20. Astronomical Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations 21. Earth Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations 22. Biological Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations 23. Medical Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations 24. Riba, Modern and Islamic Banking: A Critique 25. Status and Rights of Women in Islam 26. Concept of Jihad in Islam 27. Khulfa-Al-Rashidin: The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs 28. Distinguished Companions of the Prophet (SAWS) 29. Challenges to Islam, Educational Reforms and Ijtihad in Islam 30. Essence and Spirit of Islam Cost of Monographs: Each Monograph costs Rs. 100.0 or US $ 5.0 Complete set of 30(Thirty) Monographs costs Rs. 3,000.0 or US $ 150.00 including mailing cost. Details regarding procurement of Monographs are given overleaf.

MEDNET MONOGRAPHS · SAUM (Fasting) – A Unique Exercise in Self-purification and Self-restraint 6. HAJJ – A Superb Display of Unity and Unique Leveler of Mankind 7. Compilation

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  • MEDNET MONOGRAPHS An authentic series of Monographs on diverse aspects of Islam highlighting its fundamentals,

    basic concepts, ethos and values, explaining their relevance in the contemporary context in a

    systematic and scientific way

    S. No. Theme Titles

    1. Deen-e-Islam And Modern Society

    2. Basic Tenets of Islam

    3. SALAAT – Symbol of Obedience to Allah (SWT) Discipline, Unity and Equality in Islam

    4. ZAKAAT – Islamic System of Social Justice

    5. SAUM (Fasting) – A Unique Exercise in Self-purification and Self-restraint

    6. HAJJ – A Superb Display of Unity and Unique Leveler of Mankind

    7. Compilation of Al-Qur'an: The Verbatim Record of the Words of Allah (SWT)

    8. Islamic Values: Eternally Relevant, Universally Applicable

    9. Islam was the Religion of all the Prophets-Muhammad (SAWS) was the Last Prophet

    10. Muhammad Rasulullah (SAWS): A Biographical Sketch

    11. Prophets of Allah (SWT) and Their Mission

    12. The Three Sacred Mosques: (i) Masjid-al-Haraam (ii) Masjid-al-Aqsa (iii) Masjid-al-Nabawi

    13. Battles by the Prophet (SAWS)

    14. Selected Sermons of the Prophet (SAWS)

    15. Compilation of Ahadith (Traditions) of the Prophet (SAWS)

    16. Islam the Religion of Peace, Compassion and Justice

    17. Selected Qur'anic Verses: Classified by Scientific Themes

    18. Qur'anic Encouragement to Scientific Research

    19. 3BModern Technology, Resource Utilization and Qur'anic Approach

    20. Astronomical Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations

    21. Earth Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations

    22. Biological Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations

    23. Medical Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations

    24. Riba, Modern and Islamic Banking: A Critique

    25. 0BStatus and Rights of Women in Islam

    26. 1BConcept of Jihad in Islam

    27. Khulfa-Al-Rashidin: The Four Rightly Guided Caliphs

    28. Distinguished Companions of the Prophet (SAWS)

    29. Challenges to Islam, Educational Reforms and Ijtihad in Islam

    30. Essence and Spirit of Islam

    Cost of Monographs: Each Monograph costs Rs. 100.0 or US $ 5.0 Complete set of 30(Thirty)

    Monographs costs Rs. 3,000.0 or US $ 150.00 including mailing cost.

    Details regarding procurement of Monographs are given overleaf.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 1

    DEEN-E-ISLAM AND MODERN SOCIETY

    Islam is in the news quit regularly these days, mostly in connection with terrorist acts,

    disruption of peace and subversion of rule of law. After the end of cold war, it appears,

    Islam has attracted special attention of the world media and opinion makers.

    Extraordinary efforts are being made to present Islam as an intolerant, repressive and

    retrogressive dogma out to create trouble wherever and whenever possible. Attempts are

    also being made to create an impression that the Qur'an, Islam's holy book, is the root

    cause of it all, exhorting its followers not to rest till all traces of un-Islamic symbols are

    removed. The truth is quit different.

    There is no denying the fact that there are groups which, not only say so openly but

    exhort Muslims to join hands in the holy war - Jihad. The very word Jihad, which is the

    supreme duty of a Muslim in the cause of peace, amity, justice and brotherhood, has been

    reduced to overt and covert acts of destruction and de-stabilization for political ends.

    Coupled with this, the high profile and high flying modern writers like Huntington,

    Naipaul and others are working overtime with full support of powerful media, to put

    forward theories to convince the world that so long the Qur'an continues to exist and

    followed, there cannot be any peace in the world!

    Prudent and learned opinion of a vast majority of Muslim professionals, thinkers,

    philosophers, theologians, clergy and common people, not only differs with all that is

    being propounded by the modern day Jihadis, but also condemns all such activities,

    which cause loss of life, property and honour of innocent common people, which are

    basically for political ends. It can not be ruled that most of these groups are created,

    funded and given prominence in media coverage by the very people who chant slogans of

    doom.

    This monograph is an effort to present the true teachings of Islam as contained in the

    Qur'an, which is the only authentic book of Islam. It has remained intact from the day of

    its revelation, nearly fourteen centuries ago, in a language that has never gone out of use

    since times much earlier than the advent of Islam. It highlights the most significant

    aspects of Islam, i.e., peace and prosperity for all with the slogan of 'live and let live' with

    mutual respect, tolerance, cooperation, justice and equality. It is for the readers to judge

    for themselves as to where does the truth lie. The author, representing the mainstream

    Muslims, has achieved this aim in strikingly simple and reader-friendly manner.

    The monograph was specially written by the eminent Islamic scholar late Prof. Murtuza

    Siddiqi for MEDNET. An extremely learned person, who held many scholastic

    assignments at international level notably in Saudi Arabia as Professor in faculty of

    Diplomatic Studies and in English in University College of Technology.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 2

    BASIC TENETS OF ISLAM

    This monograph on the Basic Tenets of Islam attempts to present a concise and coherent

    account of the key elements of the Islamic faith such as Wahdaniyat (Oneness of Allah),

    Risalat (Prophet-hood) and Aakhirat (Life Hereafter). It also explains the importance of

    the various proclamations and assertions which Muslims repeatedly make to affirm their

    total faith in Allah (SWT), His Prophets and the Message of the Qur'an. The book claims

    that adherence to the norms laid down in the Basic Tenets will strike a balance between

    material and spiritual aspects of life. It will guide individuals and communities to develop

    their personality and character in perfect harmony and peace, replacing hatred with love,

    conflict with cooperation and selfish-ness with self sacrifice.

    The concepts of Aakhirat (Life Hereafter) and Day of Reckoning have been concisely

    explained. Accountability is fundamental to Islam. It implies that individuals are

    answerable to Allah (SWT) for all their earthly deeds. They should therefore be careful

    for nothing can be concealed from the ever watchful eyes of the Omnipresent Allah

    (SWT). Human beings are warned to avoid sinful acts, particularly major sins, such as

    Shirk i.e. equating other beings or objects with the One and Only Allah (SWT), murder,

    theft and slander. On the Day of Reckoning everyone will be brought back to life and will

    have to account for his/her deeds. None can escape it. This is precisely why Islam

    stresses that Faith in the Oneness of Allah (SWT), in the Prophethood of Muhammad

    (SAWS), and of all other Prophets divinely ordained, should be reinforced by Noble

    Deeds for redemption on the Day of Reckoning.

    The monograph is compiled by a Committee of Experts led by late Mr. Syed Abdul Wali

    Quadri, former Chancellor of Jamia Nizamiah, Hyderabad, one of the oldest and reputed

    Islamic Institutes in India.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 3

    SALAAT: SYMBOL OF OBEDIENCE TO ALLAH (SWT), DISCIPLINE, UNITY

    AND EQUALITY IN ISLAM

    There are many forms of worship adopted by different religions but Salaat, the most

    visible facet of Islamic worship, is unique and unparalleled. It was gifted to Prophet

    Muhammad (SAWS) directly from Allah (SWT) during his ascent to Heaven (Me'raj) for

    the benefit of the followers of Islam. Five times a day Salaat were made obligatory on all

    adult Muslims. While Mosque is a preferred location for offering Salaat, it can however

    be performed in any neat and clean spot. Thus the whole world has been made a mosque

    (place of worship) for the Muslims.

    It is stressed in this monograph that Salaat is a preeminent pillar of Islam. It symbolises

    total submission to the Divine will, unqualified acceptance of the Supreme Authority of

    Allah (SWT) and all that is enjoined upon the Muslims in the holy Qur'an. A Muslim

    repeatedly reaffirms it five times a day preferably in a Mosque without fail. This

    establishes a unique bond between Allah (SWT) and His slaves, as all Muslims are, and

    inculcates a sense of brotherhood amongst regular worshippers.

    The monograph highlights the fact that regular performance of Salaat with devotion and

    sincerity makes them conscious of their obligations towards both Allah (SWT) and

    mankind. It repeatedly reminds the Muslims to refrain from obscene and prohibited acts.

    Salaat brings about a strong sense of discipline, unity, equality and social cohesiveness

    because of the encouragement to offer Salaat in congregations with brother Muslims.

    Further, it inculcates the habit of cleanliness for no one can offer Salaat unless he/she is

    in a state of perfect cleanliness.

    It is also emphasised in this book and illustrated with examples that Salaat has a distinct

    etiquette and has to be offered in a correct manner as ordained by Allah (SWT) and

    practiced by Prophet Muhammad (SAWS). This monograph will, Insha Allah, act as a

    perfect guide to enable the Muslims to perform this obligatory religious duty correctly

    with equanimity, composure, complete confidence and total satisfaction.

    This monograph also provides the fundamental philosophy of worship in Islam to the

    non-Muslims readers who are eager to enhance their knowledge, but find it difficult to

    lay hands on authentic and reader friendly source that is easily available at reasonable

    cost.

    The monograph is compiled by a Committee of Experts led by late Mr. Syed Abdul Wali

    Quadri, former Chancellor of Jamia Nizamiah, Hyderabad, one of the oldest and reputed

    Islamic Institutes in India.

    MONOGRAPH No. 4

    ZAKAAT - ISLAMIC SYSTEM OF SOCIAL JUSTICE

    Economic disparities due to inequality in the distribution of resources seem to be inherent

    to human civilisation. Socialism and Communism have signally failed to remove or

    reduce this disparity that can only be accomplished through a judicious application of the

  • principle of Zakaat, which is unique to Islam and elevated to an act of worship.

    This monograph highlights the system Islam has evolved to accomplish social justice by

    redistribution of wealth from the rich to the poor. Zakaat is one of the pillars of Islam that

    enjoins all Muslims whose wealth exceeds the prescribed limit to pay Zakaat so that the

    needy, the poor and the people in distress can be helped. Zakaat is thus both a social and

    religious obligation on the "haves" to help the "have-nots." Those who fail to fulfil this

    important religious obligation are warned of committing a major sin attracting retribution

    from Allah (SWT).

    This monograph spells out clearly the categories on whom Zakaat will be binding as well

    as those entitled to receive Zakaat. It elaborates clearly the purpose for which Zakaat

    funds can be utilized as per the Qur'anic injunctions and the Traditions of the Prophet

    (SAWS). It also explains lucidly the methods of assessment as agreed upon by different

    schools of Fiqh. In the end it provides a handy proforma to assess Zakaat dues easily and

    comprehensively.

    The monograph is compiled by a Committee of Experts led by late Mr. Syed Abdul Wali

    Quadri, former Chancellor of Jamia Nizamiah, Hyderabad, one of the oldest and reputed

    Islamic Institutes in India.

    MONOGRAPH No. 5

    SAUM (FASTING) - A UNIQUE EXERCISE IN SELF-PURIFICATION AND

    SELF-RESTRAINT

    This monograph covers one of the five pillars of Islam, i.e., Saum (popularly called

    'fasting'). Saum, as its place in Islamic faith suggests, is an act of worship. However,

    people consider Salaat (popularly called 'prayers'), as the only from of worship in Islam,

    perhaps due to its regularity, frequency and visibility.

    Fasts are observed by adherents of almost all major religions in the world. In that sense,

    there is nothing unique or special about the Saum prescribed in Islam. However, the spirit

    behind this arduous exercise is unique. Its aim is to provide an opportunity to the person

    to tend his faith, renew his resolve to adhere to the tenets of Islam and to feel the pain of

    poverty. By voluntarily abstaining from routine physical demands of body, from dawn to

    dusk, even while carrying on with the normal business of life, the person is exercised in

    self restraint, discipline and staying away from all that is prohibited in the conduct of day

    to day affairs throughout his life.

    Saum inspires the emergence of pious instincts in a person and suppresses the vicious

    ones, in order to bring piety in day to day life. As a result, society itself obtains a pious

    character- an inescapable pre-requisite of a peaceful, progressive and prosperous

    civilization. Without piety neither an individual nor the society can remain satisfied and

    peaceful.

    By designating a particular month of the Lunar calendar, it ensures uniformity in the

    observance of fast throughout the world. More importantly, it ensures collective form in

    worship, which is the hallmark of all forms of Islamic worship. By adding the long Saum

    prayers (Tarawiyah) during nights, which are offered in congregations, emphasis is laid

  • on the unity of adherents and higher purpose of this life, or else, it would degenerate into

    a mere ritual of subjecting the body to suffer by denying its legitimate needs, which, by-

    itself means nothing.

    Readers will find this monograph quite informative, not only in practice but also the spirit

    guiding this aspect of Islamic way of worship. It will be an interesting reading for both,

    Muslims and Non-Muslims, who wish to know about this annual exercise in which

    Muslims all-over the world participate with great enthusiasm and fervor.

    The monograph is compiled by a Committee of Experts led by late Mr. Syed Abdul Wali

    Quadri, former Chancellor of Jamia Nizamiah, Hyderabad, one of the oldest and reputed

    Islamic Institutes in India.

    MONOGRAPH No. 6

    HAJJ - A GRAND DISPLAY OF UNITY AND UNIQUE LEVELLER OF

    MANKIND

    This monograph explains the concept of the Hajj pilgrimage in its historical background

    and spiritual context. It also details out, step by step, the various rites and rituals

    associated with this pilgrimage.

    The rites and rituals as enjoined in Islam are not merely ceremonies to be performed

    mechanically. They always carry a profound spiritual significance and guide mankind to

    the path of piety and righteousness. As for instance Salaat (five daily prayer) prevents us

    from sinful and blasphemous deeds. Saum or fasting continuously for one month from

    dawn to dusk is a great exercise in patience, restraint and self control. Zakaat or the Poor

    Due inspires us to be charitable and to help the needy and the poor and mitigate their

    suffering in order to seek the pleasure of Allah (SWT). Similarly, the pilgrimage for Hajj

    inspires Muslims to submit completely to the will of Allah (SWT) as was done by

    Prophet Ibrahim (AS) and his elder son Prophet Isma'il (AS). Simultaneously it inculcates

    among Muslims a strong feeling of fraternity, equality and unity.

    The spiritual benefits of the Hajj pilgrimage maximize if the rites and rituals relating to

    Hajj are performed precisely the same way as they were performed by the Prophet

    (SAWS). The meaning and significance of the various rites relating to the Hajj

    pilgrimage such as the declaration of the state of Ehram at Miqaat, the stay at Mina, and

    prayers in the plains of Arafat, which plays a key role among the pilgrimage rites, have

    been explained in simple language for easy understanding. Further, the monograph also

    highlights the actions and deeds, which are forbidden during the course of the Hajj.

    The monograph is compiled by a Committee of Experts led by late Mr. Syed Abdul Wali

    Quadri, former Chancellor of Jamia Nizamiah, Hyderabad, one of the oldest and reputed

    Islamic Institutes in India.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 7

    COMPILATION OF AL-QUR'AN: THE VERBATIM RECORD OF THE

    WORDS OF ALLAH (SWT) OR THE UNCREATED WORDS OF ALLAH (SWT)

    This monograph Compilation of Al-Qur'an: the Verbatim Record of the Words of Allah

    (SWT) or the Uncreated Words of Allah (SWT) is divided into three parts. Part-I presents

    an authentic account of the series of events which led to the compilation of a single

    standard version of the Qur'an during the Caliphate of Uthman (RA) which is used by the

    Muslims the world over. It also critically and objectively looks into the criticisms of the

    Orientalists against the Qur'an. They have been found to be baseless and unsub-

    stantiated. The monograph produces irrefutable evidence and arguments to establish the

    authenticity of Al-Qur'an as the Uncreated Words of Allah (SWT).

    In Part-II a comparative study has been made of the Qur'anic revelations and description

    in the Taurat (Torah) on identical themes. There is a large measure of uniformity in their

    respective descriptions on identical themes. However, the human interpolations in the

    Taurat (Torah) become evident where they differ substantially from the Qur'an which

    contains the ultimate truth.

    Part-III highlights the commonalities in thoughts, values and ideologies of the three

    monotheistic religions viz Judaism, Christianity and Islam. Their ideological differences

    are negligible ethical norms and moral values are almost identical. This wide

    convergence of their respective value systems speaks eloquently that they have all been

    derived from the same common source i.e. Allah (SWT). In view of this strong and

    striking commonality of their value systems it should not be difficult for Jews, Christians

    and Muslims to make a united endeavour to end corruption, exploitation, conflict,

    tyranny and oppression from this world and establish enduring peace and ensure

    continuing progress of human civilization.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam is an eminent scholar in Islamic studies and a former

    Vice-Chancellor of KashmirUniversity. He held many important assignments at national

    and international levels. He was also a visiting Professor at Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn

    Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 8

    ISLAMIC VALUES: ETERNAL AND UNIVERSALLY APPLICABLE

    This monograph on Islamic values: Eternally Relevant, Universally Applicable highlights

    the silent features of the Islamic values and cogently explains their relevance in the

    modern context.

    Islam is essentially a humane religion. It totally conforms to human nature and human

    welfare is deeply enshrined in the Qur'an. Islamic values stem out from the Islamic

    concept of unity and supremacy of Allah (SWT) Who is the Creator and the Sustainer of

    the universe. Islam is uncompromisingly monotheists and believes in human equality

    irrespective of the position and status one enjoys in the society. According to Qur'an the

    most pious are the most honoured in the sight of Allah (SWT). It is further highlighted in

    this monograph that Islam enunciates the concept of total justice without any

    discrimination. Allah (SWT) did not spare the wife of Prophet Lut (Lot), the son of

    Prophet Nuh (Noah) and the father of Prophet Abraham when they were guilty of

    blasphemous acts.

    Islam does away completely with superstition and rejects totally the concept of

    priesthood. It preaches and practices direct access to Allah (SWT) without any

    intermediary. Any Muslim who is familiar with the right procedures can perform the rites

    and rituals associated with marriages and death.

    The monograph explains systematically and logically the Islamic concept of modesty and

    its insistence on the preservation and protection of the dignity and chastity of women.

    Any act which disturbs domestic peace and that of the society such as gambling, usury,

    drinking, adultery and immodesty has been strongly condemned. Islam is firmly against

    the exploitation of women as a marketable commodity for commercial purposes. It

    supports all such acts which lend stability to the society and promote peace and

    prosperity. It therefore insists on adherence to commitments, fulfilment of contractual

    obligation and honesty in trading and commercial transactions.

    One of the salient features of this monograph is that it presents the concept of Jihad in its

    true Islamic perspective as enjoined in the Qur'an and preached and practiced by the

    Prophet (SAWS) and Khulfa-e-Rashidin. It attempts to remove the apprehensions among

    the non-Muslims treating Jihad as act of terrorism. This misgiving has largely arisen

    because the conservative and fanatic Muslims interpret Jihad as an obligatory fight

    against the infidels. Jihad has a strong spiritual component and its military manifestation

    is mostly defensive in nature and can be launched under grave provocation and when the

    very survival of Islam and Muslim society is threatened. It is a fundamental principle of

    Qital in Islam that Muslims ought not to initiate fight against the enemy, should resist

    their aggression and during the course of the fight the innocents should not be touched

    and harmed.

    The monograph concludes reminding us stirringly of the Day of Reckoning and our

    accountability to Allah (SWT) of our earthly deeds which will be scrutinised in the

    minutest details, speedy and total justice will be done to one and all. The guilty will

    perish in Hell fire and the pious will be sent to dwell in Heaven.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam, is an eminent social scientist and a former Vice-

  • Chancellor of Kashmir University. He held many important assignments at national and

    international levels. He was also a visiting Professor at Al-Imam Muhammad Ibn Saud

    Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, which has also published his book: "Scientific

    Significance in Selected Qur‘anic Verses". (1999)

    MONOGRAPH No. 9

    ISLAM WAS THE RELIGION OF ALL THE PROPHETS MUHAMMAD (SAWS)

    WAS THE LAST PROPHET

    This monograph highlights the point that Islam, the religion of peace and of submission

    to the will of Allah (SWT), was the religion of all the prophets from Adam (AS) to

    Prophet Muhammad (SAWS). They were all inspired by the one and the same supreme

    Divine Force-Allah (SWT) and therefore preached and propagated the same fundamental

    truth of Oneness and Supremacy of Allah (SWT). This strong idealogical identity among

    all the religions is also confirmed by the fact that despite interpolations and distortions in

    their texts all the extant scriptures right from the ancient Vedas and Puranas to Tauret

    (Torah) and Injeel (Bible) have retained predictions about the prophetic mission of

    Muhammad (SAWS), the incomparable benefactor of mankind. The Prophetic mission of

    Muhammad (SAWS) had certain distinctive features. His mission was of universal

    character freed from the limitations of time, space and ethnicity whereas the missions of

    all other prophets were community and region specific. He was gifted with a Divine

    Book - Al Qur'an, a book of universal relevance for the guidance of all mankind, which

    would remain uncorrupted and would retain its originality till eternity.

    The Qur'an testifies that the Prophet (SAWS) was gifted with an unmatched nobility of

    character among all human beings. Allah (SWT) was so immensely pleased with the

    sincerity, devotion and dedication with which Muhammad (SAWS) discharged his

    prophetic duties that He promised to keep him ever on the path of Truth and

    Righteousness. Moreover, on the Day of Resurrection Muhammad (SAWS) would be

    elevated to the most distinguished position, i.e. Maqam-e-Mahmood "Station of Praise

    and Glory" with the permission to intercede, and seek divine pardon for those not guilty

    of shirk i.e. joining other gods with Allah (SWT). Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) was that

    missing hallowed brick which perfected the magnificent edifice of Deen (religion) Islam,

    meticulously nurtured by the preceding prophets, and with him thus terminated the chain

    of divinely ordained prophets.

    However the most privileged and unique distinction conferred on Muhammad (SAWS)

    was the return Night Journey (Asra) during the fraction of a night from Masjid Al Haram

    in Makkah to Masjid Al-Aqsa in Jerusalem, and his subsequent ascent to Heaven (Me'raj)

    from Masjid Al-Aqsa in order to see the splendid creations of Allah (SWT) which are

    beyond human imagination and which defy description. The Muslim exegisits are not

    agreed if this miraculous event was an experience of the soul only or occurred in full state

    of awakening involving physical transportation of the Prophet (SAWS). Allah (SWT) and

    His Prophet (SAWS) alone knows the truth. It is, however, suggested in this book that in

    the light of such Qur'anic evidences as the descent of Adam and Eve, in human form,

    from Heaven to Earth, and the shift of the throne of Queen of Saba (Sheba), in the

    twinkling of an eye, from Yemen to the palace of Solomon in Jerusalem, the miracle of

  • Asra and Me'raj occurring in full state of awakening is well within the realm of

    possibility. Nothing is beyond the Power of Allah (SWT).

    The monograph stresses the point that Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) was the ultimate in

    epitomising the Qur'anic values and the spirit and ethos of Islam. There was no

    contradiction in his thought and action, precept and practice, in his worldly and spiritual

    life. They were in perfect harmony. He had attained the pinnacle of both spiritual glory

    and human nobility. The brilliance of his achievements has remained unmatched and

    unparalleled in human history, even to this day, and will not be excelled till the

    Doomsday.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam. He was ably assisted by Late Dr. Mohammad Ahmad

    and Dr. M.A.K. Fatimy, Colonel A.F.M.A. Muqsith (Retd.).

    MONOGRAPH No. 10

    MUHAMMAD RASULALLAH A BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH

    This Monograph presents a synoptic view of the monumental and inspired achievements

    of Prophet Muhammad. Islam, the religion that he founded in the early seventh century

    A.D., is one of the fastest growing religions in the world. It now claims more than a

    billion adherents in the 21st. Century.

    Muhammad was born an orphan in a noble Quraysh tribe. He was a precocious and an

    extremely intelligent child, gifted with the knack of solving difficult and complicated

    problems with ease and competence. It was evident when he resolved the sensitive issue

    of fixing the black stone in the wall of Ka‘bah to the satisfaction of all the rival and

    competing tribes. He was reputed for his impeccable honesty. He was loved and admired

    by the entire Quraysh community that gave him the title of ―Sadiq-ul-Amin‖ because of

    his truthfulness and honesty.

    The book highlights the fact that the Prophet would spend hours together meditating

    deeply in the cave of Hira , particularly in the month of Ramadhan, to unravel the

    mystery regarding the creation of the universe, and about its creator. It was in one of

    these meditative periods, in the month of Ramadhan, that Jibrael appeared and conveyed

    to him the divine command of his prophethood and asked him to proclaim the Unity of

    Allah, struggle against polytheism, persuade people to abandon idol worship, and restore

    the pristine purity of Ka‘bah as the house of worship for the One and Only Allah. This

    was a most challenging assignment and a herculean task.

    The monograph describes graphically the trials and tribulations, the cruelties and tortures

    inflicted on the Prophet and his Companions by the polytheists. They tried various

    stratagems including tempting Muhammad (saws) with wealth, power and position to

    dissuade him from his mission but nothing worked. The Quraysh then took the extreme

    step to impose an economic and social boycott of the clans of Banu Abd Munaf and sub-

  • clan of Banu Abd Muttalib. This boycott was rigidly applied. Even this harsh measure

    failed.

    The migration of the Prophet to Madinah was a landmark event which transformed the

    history of Islam and of the world. The first Islamic state was established by the Prophet in

    Madinah where he had to face many complex problems which threatened the survival of

    both Islam and the State of Madinah. Here he had to counter the intrigues and treachery

    of the Jews and of the Hypocrites, and the military aggression of the Quraysh of Makkah

    and their allies. These adversarial forces pooled their resources to destroy Islam. The

    Muslims under the exemplary leadership of the Prophet and with the help of Allah

    effectively countered aggressive military designs of the Quraysh and their allies. The

    Jewish menace was also totally crushed. Politically the State of Madinah was stabilised.

    The conquest of Makkah was a glorious event in the history of Islam. It has no parallels

    in the annals of history. It was a bloodless victory without any war. It marked the end of

    polytheism and termination of idol worship. The pristine purity of Ka‘bah was fully

    restored. The Prophet entered Makkah, in all humility, as a humble servant of Allah to

    restore the glory of Ka‘bah as the house of worship for the One and only Allah. There

    was no vindictiveness, no vengeance and no compulsive conversion. The Prophet granted

    amnesty to one and all forgetting and forgiving all the humiliation and brutalities that

    were inflicted upon him and his Companions when they lived in Makkah.

    It is hoped that this Monograph will encourage the readers to adopt and implement the

    purity, simplicity, flexibility, magnanimity, tolerance and progressive character of Islam

    as it existed during the life of the Prophet.

    Author: Professor Shah Manzoor Alam, a distinguished social scientist

    MONOGRAPH No. 11

    PROPHETS OF ALLAH AND THEIR MISSION

    This Monograph presents a fascinating account of the origin, purpose, continuation and

    termination of the Prophetic missions divinely commissioned by Allah (SWT) from the

    descent of Adam on earth till its conclusion with the mission of Muhammad (SAWS), the

    last or the 'seal of the Prophets' as revealed in the Qur'an. Although according to an

    authentic tradition of the Prophet a little over 124,000 Prophets were divinely

    commissioned among diverse communities, the world over, since the dawn of human

    civilization. The missions of only 24 of them, who have been mentioned in the Qur'an,

    have been discussed in this Monograph.

    These Prophetic missions were commenced and commissioned by Allah (SWT) to reform

    human societies, in different stages of their growth and in diverse geographical settings,

    from idolatrous and corrupt practices. Their basic objective was to warn the respective

    peoples to follow the path of virtue and righteousness as preached and practiced by their

    respective Prophets. They were also severely warned that if they defied the commands of

    Allah (SWT), as conveyed to them by their Prophets, they would be subjected to severe

  • punishment in this world and in the Hell Fire in the Hereafter.

    This Monograph highlights that there was complete uniformity and unity in the Missions

    of all the Prophets. They all stressed on the unity, eternity and supremacy of Allah (SWT)

    the Creator and the Sustainer of the universe. They all preached the worship of one and

    only Allah (SWT) and condemned unambiguously idol worship. They all exhorted their

    respective peoples to fear Allah (SWT) and live an honest, truthful, just, generous and

    compassionate life in this world which will earn them Divine reward on the Day of

    Resurrection. In case they did not follow the path of piety shown by their Prophets they

    will invite the wrath of Allah (SWT) and extremely severe divine retribution. Thus all

    those who defied the commands of Allah (SWT) by violating the teachings of their

    respective Prophets were annihilated by catastrophic events. The people of Nuh (Noah),

    who mocked at Prophet Nuh, were drowned in a flood of colossal dimension. The people

    A'd who rejected the teachings of Prophet Hud were completely destroyed by a furious

    blizzard which lasted more than a week. Similarly the people of Thamud were killed by a

    thunderbolt and violent earthquake for defying their Prophet Saleh. The people of

    Prophet Lut (Lot) were also destroyed for persisting with their shameful act of Sodomy

    by an earthquake of extreme magnitude and exceptionally violent volcanic eruption. This

    should serve as a warning to the followers of Gay Movement and those countries and

    churches which legitimise them. The fate of arrogant Pharaoh who was drowned in the

    Red Sea for his contemptuous condemnation of the teachings of Prophet Moses should

    serve as a moral lessons to all arrogant and tyrant rulers. Since the Qur'an provides the

    bare facts about the death and destruction of these defiant people the author has

    supplemented them by some interesting details obtained from Biblical sources where they

    do not conflict with the facts revealed in the Qur'an.

    This Monograph also stresses the fact that Allah (SWT) always protected His Prophets,

    invariably rescued them from extremely difficult situations and blessed them with a life

    of honour and dignity. As for instance Prophet Nuh (Noah) together with his family

    members and his handful of followers was rescued in the Ark that he had built. Prophet

    Ibrahim (Abraham) emerged unharmed from the flaming fire in which he was thrown by

    the men of king Nimord. Prophet Moses along with Bani Israel crossed the Red Sea

    safely while Pharaoh and his entire army was drowned. And finally despite all the

    scheming, and evil designs of the Pagans of Makkah to assassinate Prophet Mohammad

    (SAWS) he could safely migrate to Madina.

    The Monograph concludes with a brief discussion of the Prophetic Mission of

    Muhammad (SAWS) in order to reiterate and emphasise the continuity and unity of all

    prophetic missions. It is indeed remarkable that despite the stresses and strains he

    sustained, the tremendous difficulties and obstacles he encountered, nevertheless with the

    help of Allah (SWT), with his total dedication, grit and determination and with the

    unflinching, support, loyalty and devotion of his companions, Muhammad (SAWS)

    achieved signal and unparalleled success in his mission and finally succeeded in founding

    the Islamic State of Madinah which he administered by successfully implementing the

    Qur'anic laws.

    The author of this Monograph, Dr. Hafeez Siddiqi is an eminent geographer who has

    made notable contributions in the field of geopolitics. He is a reputed authority on the

    geopolitics of the Indian Ocean. His book: India and the Indian Ocean presents, an

  • exquisite exposition of the geostrategic importance of India in the Indian Ocean. Dr.

    Siddiqi has an equally keen insight on Islamic history. This book is his first major

    contribution in Islamic Studies. He is an M.A. from the Aligarh Muslim University and

    Ph D from Pune University, India.

    MONOGRAPH No. 12

    THE THREE SACRED MOSQUES: (I) MASJID-AL-HARAAM (II) MASJID-AL-

    AQSA (III) MASJID-AL-NABAWI

    The three most important shrines of Islam, i.e., Masjid Al-Haraam at Makkah and Masjid

    Al-Nabi at Madinah, both in Saudi Arabia, and Masjid Al-Aqsa at Jerusalem in Palestine,

    are intimately linked to the history of the Religion of Islam. It is desirable to know about

    their origin, development, historical events and their significance in the progress of the

    Divine Guidance to the humankind, if one wishes to fully grasp the spirit of Islam. More

    so in the light of the disputes and controversies surrounding Masjid Al-Aqsa, whose

    identity is fudged using the photographs of the golden tomb of the Dome of Rock.

    Though there is a horde of literature and plenty of information available in print as well

    as in electronic records, there is no single volume dealing with the essential details of

    these important shrines. Moreover, there is no effort to bring out their intimate

    relationship with each other and with the three great religions – Judaism, Christianity and

    Islam, which, unfortunately are at loggerhead with each other.

    This Monograph fulfils this requirement aptly. It deals with the subject in a logical

    sequence incorporating all key details. It will prove to be a source of authentic knowledge

    for those who are keen to know about these important shrines of Islam.

    The most interesting aspect of this Monograph is the linking of the legacy of these

    shrines with the spiritual guidance of humankind that remains the special feature in our

    lives even in these times of explosive expansion of the material aspect of our societies.

    Author: Late Mr. Mohd. Ali Khan, an eminent agricultural scintist who had keen insight

    on Islamic History

  • MONOGRAPH No. 13

    BATTLES BY THE PROPHET (SAWS)

    Many books have been written on this subject. They differ widely in details and method

    of dealing with the subject. Necessity was felt to have a book on this important subject

    covering all essential aspects of each of the battles fought under the command of the

    Prophet Mohammad (SAWS), giving the background leading to and the resultant impact

    of outcome on the immediate course of events. These battles were not at all like other

    battles which have taken place and may continue, so long as ruling elite of the nations

    remain enslaved to the so called 'national interests' and personal greed of fame, name and

    influence. Compared to the two great wars fought during 20th Century, battles fought at

    the early stages of Islam, have hardly any significance in military terms. But the impact

    the result of each of these battles had on the course of human history makes them unique

    and epoch making.

    This monograph on Battles by the Prophet (SAWS), is not merely a narration of the

    events which took place during the course of these battles. It provides deep insight to the

    background and the events leading to them, essential details of the battles themselves and

    the abnormal outcomes and the resultant impact. It also brings to the fore the daring

    deeds of personal bravery and valour, displayed in the face extreme odds faced by the ill

    equipped, and much less prepared, men coming out victorious against all norms of such

    battles. It appears that those deeply committed and devoted men, bearing arms in the

    cause of God, literally chased the death with such zeal and enthusiasm that the death

    itself got scared of them. There are hardly any parallel of such battles in the history of

    warfare.

    The monograph also presents the concept of war in Islam, the etiquette to be followed

    and rules to be observed even under such trying conditions which any war presents.

    Contrary to the custom of loot, plunder, destruction, display of vengeance and cruelty,

    Muslim fighters displayed remarkable restraint during battles and dignified and

    magnanimous treatment given to the vanquished - all as a proof of extreme sense of

    personal discipline, respect to the divine directions and instruction of the commander.

    From this point of view, these battles become unique in the history of mankind and

    contributed substantially to the drafting of all declarations, charters and conventions

    which the modern world has come to respect and regard as great achievements.

    The monograph is result of life long study and profound research in Islamic history by

    late Mr. Sayyid Ameenul Hasan Rizvi, who graciously permitted its publication by

    MEDNET. He was an eminent lawyer, a distinguished scholar and a Member of the

    Muslim Law Board in India

  • MONOGRAPH No. 14

    FORTY SELECTED SERMONS OF THE PROPHET (SAWS)

    These Selected Forty Sermons of Prophet Muhammad (SAWS) include some landmark

    sermons of great historical significance which marked a turning point in the history of

    Islam.

    After the revelation of the verses: "Proclaim openly Allah's message that you have been

    commanded and turn away from the idolators" (Al-Hijr; 15:94) and "Warn your tribe (O

    Muhammad!) of near kindred." (Ash-Shuara; 26:214). The Prophet (PBUH) proclaimed

    openly and boldly the arrival of the monotheistic Islam among the pagans of Makkah. He

    never looked back after loudly and fearlessly warning the people of Makkah and

    particularly his nearest relations to fear Allah and refrain from idol worship and other

    sinful acts. He exhorted the pagans of Makkah to follow the path of righteousness and

    justice as ordained in the Qur`an. There is unique harmony of thought and action and of

    precepts and practices in all his sermons.

    These selected Sermons relate to some of the critical moments in the history of Islam.

    The expedition to Tobuk against the Romans was one such moment. Even at such a

    critical and tense moment in the history of Islam the Prophet stressed the need for the

    honesty and integrity of Muslims, their firm adherence to the path of piety and

    righteousness and exhorted his companions to overlook the faults of others and be patient

    and forgiving under most adverse circumstances: "He who pardons others will be

    forgiven by Allah. He who represses anger Allah rewards him. He who faces misfortunes

    with perseverance, Allah compensates him."

    The magnanimity of the Prophet (SAWS) and that of Islam was displayed in full measure

    at the time of the victory of Makkah in the 8th

    Hijra. On this historic occasion he declared

    the equality of human beings and abolished once and for all, all those pre-Islamic

    practices which perpetuated inequality between man and man such as pride in lineage.

    His final act of grace was to grant general amnesty to all the people of Makkah who

    before his migration to Madina had subjected him to acute harassment and torture. In his

    supreme moment of triumph when he was militarily and politically all powerful the

    Prophet (SAWS) declared: "This day there shall be no reproach on you. Go your way, for

    you are freed ones." There was no feeling of bad blood, no vengeance and no desire for

    revenge. The Prophet's announcement of general amnesty revealed the true face of Islam

    with all its dignity, grace, generosity and munificence.

    In one of his sermons devoted exclusively to the uniqueness and significance of the

    Qur'an he emphatically stated that "the best discourse is the Book of Allah: because it

    enlightens the heart. He exhorted the Muslims to never feel tired and bored of reciting the

    Qur'an and asserted that "there can be no better book for the guidance of mankind than

    the Qur'an. It is this miraculous Book of Allah, which instills in your heart His fear,

    guides you to the path of piety and righteousness and helps you to distinguish between

    things prohibited and made lawful by Allah (Sermon: 18). He forcefully reiterated the

    importance of the Qur'an by claiming in his last Sermon (40): "Verily I have left amongst

    you that which will never let you go astray i.e. the Book of Allah and the Sunnah of His

    Prophet, provided you hold them fast and carry out their injunctions."

  • The forceful emotive impact of his sermons was fully revealed when he was able to

    overcome the simmering discontent among his Ansar Sahabas who resented his liberal

    distribution of spoils of war after the victory of Makkah, among the Muslims of Makkah.

    He moved the Ansars to tears when he rhetorically asked: "Are you not satisfied, O

    people of Ansar that the people of Makkah may carry ewes and camels with them while

    you return to Madinah with the Messenger of Allah." The Ansars were so deeply touched

    that they instantly responded with one voice that they were satisfied with his scheme of

    distribution of the spoils of war.

    The last Sermon of the Prophet on the occasion of the Hajj pilgrimage in the 10th Hijra

    on 9th Zil Hajj is not only distinguished for its eloquence but also represents a most

    authentic and authoritative capsule on Deen-e-Islam, its faith, rituals and practices and its

    values. It proclaims and reiterates unequivocally the equality of mankind: "There is no

    superiority for an Arab over non Arab and for a non-Arab over an Arab, nor for white

    over the black nor for the black over the white except in piety" thereby reasserting the

    supremacy of pious deeds as ordained in the Qur'an "verily in the sight of Allah, the most

    honoured amongst you is the one who is the most pious among you." He commanded that

    the women be treated kindly "for verily you have taken them on the security of Allah and

    have made them lawful for you by the words of Allah." He further asked the Muslims to

    take good care of your slaves "you should feed them with the same food which you eat

    yourselves and clothe them with the cloth you wear yourselves" (Sermon 40).

    These sermons marked for nobility of thought and stirring eloquence constitute along

    with the Traditions of the Prophet (SAWS) the most inspiring guidance to mankind to the

    straight path of Islam and righteousness after the Book of Allah - Al-Qur'an.

    Editors of Monograph: Dr. Abdul Majeed, a distinguished scholar of Arabic language,

    was Professor and Head, Department of Arabic, Osmania University. He has also

    received the President of India award for his contribution to the promotion of Arabic

    language.

    Dr. Mustafa Shareef is a Senior Reader in Arabic in the Osmania University. He is an

    expert in linguistic.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 15

    COMPILATION OF AHADITH (TRADITIONS) OF THE PROPHET (SAWS)

    This monograph Compilation of Ahadith (Traditions) of the Prophet (SAWS) is divided

    into two parts. Part I gives graphic account of the unique effort which has gone into

    compilation of the authentic sayings of the Prophet of Islam (SAWS) for posterity, and

    Part II contains a wonderful selection of Ahadith arranged subject-wise for ease of

    reference.

    The Monograph brings out the importance and significance of Ahadith for proper

    understanding and practising of Islam in simple and straightforward manner. It leaves no

    doubt in the mind of the reader about their indispensability. Keeping in mind the fact that,

    unlike the Holy Qur‘an, the Prophet (SAWS), for that matter even the Sahabah

    (Companions), neither ordered nor supervised the recording of Ahadith during their

    periods, the time-laps and absence of official patronage, the accomplish-ment of such

    systematic and scientific compilation for posterity is a living tribute to the piety, honesty

    and the unique sense of duty of the scholars of Hadith. But for their dedicated and

    selfless effort the literature of Islam would have remained incomplete.

    The editors of this Monograph have done a wonderful job of presenting the complex

    subject of the process and the history of compilation of Ahadith concisely in simple

    language that will – Insha’ Allah – enrich the knowledge of Islam of the reader.

    Col. A.F.M. Muqsith, a retired Army Colonel and a keen scho;ar of Islamic Studies and

    Dr. Aqeel Hashmi, retired Associate Professor of Urdu and former Head, Department of

    Urdu, Osmania University, Hyderabad, India.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 16

    ISLAM - THE RELIGION OF PEACE, COMPASSION AND JUSTICE

    There are serious misgivings and misconceptions about the fundamentals of Islam,

    particularly in the West. Islam is mis-construed as a fanatical religion, intolerant of other

    religious and political thoughts and therefore encourages terrorism. This is a fallacious

    assumption contrary to realities. The main object of this monograph is to dispel this

    misconception and present an objective assessment of the Islamic values which promote

    peace and do not precipitate any "Clash of Civilization."

    Some of the distinguished scholars in the West are working overtime to put forward

    sophisticated theories about the intolerant nature and bloody character of Islam. They are

    quoting out of context verses of the holy Qur'an and the traditions of the Holy Prophet

    (SAWS) to buttress their theories. Historical facts are being misinterpreted to prove the

    point. Indeed the history itself is being rewritten. At the bottom of this is the underlying

    fear of the inherent dynamism of Islam and its increasing appeal as a rational religion

    firmly adhering to the principles of peace, compassion and justice.

    Islam is being criticised as inherently antidemocratic and deterministic in nature. Above

    all Islamic countries are being accused of aggressive designs and hence are marked for

    their bloody borders. This book argues cogently and coherently against the fallacious

    arguments and malicious propaganda of some of the Western scholars and of the media in

    the West. It demonstrates with irrefutable facts and figures that Islam firmly stands for

    consensus and democracy. It is against determinism and gives full liberty to individuals

    to act according to their conscience. It subscribes firmly to the principles of peace,

    tolerance, compassion and justice. This was amply demonstrated by Prophet Muhammad

    (SAWS) on the conquest of Makkah.

    In conclusion this monograph declares unequivocally that the Qur'an is totally opposed to

    the culture of bullets and bombs. We should, therefore explore more the possibilities of

    the confluence of cultures and convergence of value systems rather than clash of

    civilization.

    Author:Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

    -

  • MONOGRAPH No. 17

    SELECTED QUR'ANIC VERSES CLASSIFIED BY SCIENTIFIC THEMES

    This monograph highlights the scientific significance of approximately 250 definitive

    Qur'anic verses. These verses cover varied scientific fields such as Astronomical

    Sciences, Earth Sciences (including the earth, mountains, water bodies, weather

    phenomena etc.), Biological Sciences, Medical Sciences and Natural Resources. These

    selected Qur'anic verses are only illustrative of the scientific aspects revealed in the Holy

    Qur'an. One study has estimated that one eighth of the Qur'anic verses relate to scientific

    aspects.

    The references to scientific aspects are subtle yet very distinct and do not leave the

    readers in any doubt about their scientific significance. Many scientific findings of epoch

    making significance were anticipated in the Holy Qur'an more than 1300 years before

    their actual discovery. As for instance the Qur'an revealed the concept of the expanding

    Universe in the early seventh century which the astronomers and astrophysicists have

    only recently discovered. Again the scientists could discover only in the early 20th

    century that every living being has been created out of water, the Qur'an revealed it 1400

    years ago. Further the Qur'an reveals and the scientists concur that animate and inanimate

    objects are created in pairs. The Holy Qur'an also revealed the stabilising role of

    Mountains on the earth which the geologists could discover only in the early 20th

    century. Similarly the Holy Qur'an describes with stunning accuracy the human

    embryology. These revelations on the one hand anticipated the modern scientific

    concepts in human embryology, and on the other hand rectified the errors in the

    Aristotelian theory of preformation of human embryo. It can be stated without any fear of

    contradiction that the scientific aspects covered and revealed in the Holy Qur'an are

    found amazingly correct by the scientific data available in the respective fields. Is it not

    miraculous and does it not testify eloquently to the divine origin of the Holy Qur'an? Or

    else, how an unlettered prophet could have spoken with unerring accuracy about the

    modern scientific theories and concepts in the early seventh century?

    In order to enable the Urdu knowing scholars to comprehend adequately the scientific

    significance of the selected Qur'anic verses, Urdu translation has also been added in this

    monograph together with the English translation of the Qur'anic text.

    The text of this monograph is preceded by a brief introduction which illustrates concisely

    and cogently the scientific interpretation of some of the verses of the Qur'an. Further it is

    multilingual in character. Besides English it caters to the needs of scholars in Arabic and

    Urdu as well. This we hope will facilitate the intelligentia in the Arab World and scholars

    in Urdu to comprehend fully the scientific significance of the verses of the Qur'an.

    The monograph is compiled and edited by Committee of Scientists and Experts in Islamic

    Studies of Osmania University at the request of MEDNET.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 18

    QUR'ANIC ENCOURAGEMENT TO SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND

    ACQUISITION OF KNOWLEDGE

    A calculated disinformation is being spread against Islam that it discourages scientific

    research and acquisition of knowledge. This false assertion completely ignores the

    significant contribution made by Muslim scholars in developing to a high level of

    excellence such important branches of knowledge as Mathe-matics, Medicine,

    Geography, Chemistry, Physics, Astronomy, Engineering etc. For nearly 900 years from

    8th to the 17th centuries Muslim scholars of the eminence of Avicenna (Ibn Sina), Al

    Razi, Al Masudi, Al Beruni and others enlightened the world with advanced scientific

    knowledge when Europe was reeling under the Dark Ages. In fact the Muslim scientists

    inspired by Qur'anic values laid the foundation for the scientific and technological

    revolution in West Europe. Their thirst for knowledge was so intense that they travelled

    in all directions in search of knowledge and took pleasure in sharing and disseminating it.

    During the Muslim rule the portals of learning in Spain were open to scholars of all faith.

    The European scholars, particularly the Catholics, benefited most. No bias of faith was

    displayed by Muslim scholars in exchanging knowledge.

    This monograph highlights the path breaking contributions made by Muslim scholars in

    promoting scientific research and advancing the frontiers of knowledge. To spread the

    impression that Islam is obsessed only with theosophical and spiritual aspects of human

    life is travesty of truth. The Qur'an encourages human beings to look for the bounties of

    Allah (SWT) on earth, in oceans and in space and use them for their comfort and

    convenience. The Qur'an also declares that these bounties have been made subject to

    human control.

    It is hoped that the reader will find this monograph an interesting and revealing reading

    dispelling many a wrong notions about the teachings of Islam in relation to modern

    scientific education.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

  • MONOGRAPH No. 19

    MODERN TECHNOLOGY, RESOURCE UTILIZATION AND QUR'ANIC

    APPROACH

    This monograph highlights the point that after the Second World War the two super

    powers USA and the erstwhile USSR misused science and technology to create

    instruments of terror to aggravate global insecurity and annihilate human civilization.

    Nuclear bombs, ballistic missiles and Star War Programmes were preferred to bread,

    butter and social development. Thus the social purpose of science i.e. to ensure stable and

    sustainable development of resources for the comfort and convenience of man was

    completely lost. It is therefore crucially important that scientists ought to radically

    reorient their research priorities in order to focus on eliminating disease, hunger and

    poverty and ensuring stability, prosperity and sustainability of human civilization.

    The indiscriminate, and wasteful use of resources and hazardous disposal of wastes have

    acutely polluted the environment and disturbed the ecological balance globally. Nuclear

    radiation and pollution do not respect international frontier. They travel through shared

    water bodies and move freely with air currents as happened with the Chernobyl nuclear

    radiation (1986) and Indonesian Forest Fire (1997). Both the developed and developing

    countries have to work in perfect harmony, and in a spirit of mutual help and cooperation

    in order to avert the impending ecological catastrophe.

    The Qur'anic value system differs sharply with the exploitative and harmful approach,

    prevalent currently. The Qur'an proclaims man to be the inheritor of the earth and of its

    resources. These natural resources, both concealed and exposed, have been placed under

    the control of man. He has been advised to look for their multiple benefits and search for

    their full potentials in order to derive maximum benefit for the comfort, convenience and

    fulfilment of human life. The Qur'an, sternly warns against wasteful utilization of

    resources. Since man, through excessive use, tends to exhaust the natural resources, Allah

    (SWT) has withheld from him the full knowledge of the available resources which,

    according to Qur'an, are inexhaustible. Allah (SWT) makes them available to human

    beings progressively, in phases and stages, in order to ensure the sustainability of human

    civilization till the Doomsday.

    The monograph is compiled by Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam and ably assisted by Late Dr.

    Mohammad Ahmad.

  • MONOGRAPH No. 20

    ASTRONOMICAL SCIENCES AND QUR'ANIC REVELATIONS

    An interesting feature of this monograph is that the scientific aspects of astronomical

    findings have been adequately explained. It is in this background that the Qur'anic

    revelations have been discussed. It is fascinating to observe that there is perfect accord

    between Qur'anic revelations and astronomical discoveries.

    The Qur'anic revelations on the origin of the universe, and other astronomical phenomena

    are most inspiring and are in conformity with scientific findings. The Qur'an speaks of

    the origin of the universe through a gaseous nucleus. It confirms the scientific concept of

    the expanding universe and its eventual termination through the process of implosion--

    the Big Crunch. The Qur'anic verses, revealed the orbital movement of the sun more than

    1400 years ago whereas the Dutch Astronomer Jan Oort discovered it only in the early

    20th century. The Qur'an has clearly predicted the existence of earth like planets outside

    the solar system in the last verse of Surah At-Talaq (65:12). The astrophysicists and

    astronomers have just commenced discovering this fact.

    It is hoped, this monograph on Astronomical Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations will

    inspire other scholars to probe still deeper into the cosmological revelations in the Holy

    Qur'an.

    In monograph No.17 of MEDNET: Selected Qur'anic Verses Classified by Scientific

    Themes, all the definitive Qur'anic verses which deal with varied scientific aspects such

    as Astronomical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Medical, Biological Sciences and Natural

    Resources have already been published. However for the benefit of the readers of this

    monograph an appendix has been added which highlights the Qur'anic verses relating to

    Astronomical Sciences only.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

  • MONOGRAPH No. 21

    EARTH SCIENCES AND QUR'ANIC REVELATIONS

    The monograph on Earth Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations critically examines the

    Qur'anic revelations relating to the various aspects of earth sciences, such as the character

    of the earth, wind system, wind cloud relationship, mountain building, fresh and saline

    water etc., in the background of scientific findings about their properties, process of

    formation and character. It is indeed remarkable that revelations in the Qur'an relating to

    various features and characteristics of the earth, the Ocean and the atmosphere are in

    perfect harmony with the findings of the scientists in the respective fields. The Qur'an

    anticipates the principle of isostacy when it describes the stabilising role of mountains on

    the surface of the earth. The role of winds in carrying rain laden clouds is described with

    admirable accuracy. The formation of rivers and springs and the separation of fresh and

    saline water are stated with scientific preciseness which is indeed amazing.

    This monograph presents only a broad spectrum of Qur'anic revelations pertaining to

    various features of the earth sciences. There is need for the specialists such as the

    Hydrologists, the Geologists, the Geophysicists, the Climatologists and the

    Oceanographers to study in greater depth the Qur'anic revelations relating to their

    respective areas to gain a better appreciation of the significance of the Qur'anic

    revelations. We do hope, this monograph will be instrumental in stimulating such studies.

    In monograph No.17 of MEDNET: Selected Qur'anic Verses Classified by Scientific

    Themes, all the definitive Qur'anic verses which deal with varied scientific aspects such

    as Astronomical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Medical, Biological Sciences and Natural

    Resources have already been published. However for the benefit of the readers of this

    monograph an appendix has been added which highlights the Qur'anic verses relating to

    Earth Sciences only.

    Author:Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

  • MONOGRAPH No. 22

    BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND QUR'ANIC REVELATIONS

    The monograph on Biological Sciences and Qur'anic Revelations deals essentially with

    the creation of man as revealed in the Qur'an, in the background of the Theory of Human

    Evolution as developed by Darwin, Mendel, Aldous Huxley and others. The monograph

    explains the basic assumptions of the Theory of Human Evolution. It points out that this

    theory is based on fragmentary evidence. Its assumptions on fundamental similarities in

    support of the theory are also weak as they completely ignore the dissimilarities which

    are equally important to understand the differential development between man and

    primates. The Theory further fails to explain why phyletic evolution has ceased among

    human beings for the last 40,000 years. Its concept of Natural Selection is too

    mechanistic to be accepted as valid for human beings. It is argued in this monograph that

    the Theory of Human Evolution cannot be scientifically sustained.

    The Qur'an and Science agree that all living beings are created from water. The Qur'an

    however points out that man has been created out of a highly refined "quint essence" of

    clay which consequently explains the differential growth characteristics of man from

    other living beings. The Qur'an does not support the evolution of man from apes. Man

    was created as man and the entire mankind has multiplied from a single pair of Man

    (Adam) - Woman (Eve). The Qur'an however does not reject the concept of evolution per

    se. Intra species evolution is within the realm of possibility. Further it clearly suggests

    that human beings evolve through stages of development, passing through the cycle of

    life from weakness - strength - weakness.

    In conclusion the monograph suggests to the anthropologists and biologists to give a

    fresh look to the Theory of Human Evolution which till now has failed to build up a

    coherent, logical, and systematic story of man evolving from primates. In

    contradistinction, the Qur'anic revelations regarding the creation of man are clear, candid

    and unambiguous.

    In monograph No.17 of MEDNET: Selected Qur'anic Verses Classified by Scientific

    Themes, all the definitive Qur'anic verses which deal with varied scientific aspects such

    as Astronomical Sciences, Earth Sciences, Medical, Biological Sciences and Natural

    Resources have already been published. However for the benefit of the readers of this

    monograph an appendix has been added which highlights the Qur'anic verses relating to

    Biological Sciences only.

    Author:Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

  • MONOGRAPH No. 23

    MEDICAL SCIENCES AND QUR'ANIC REVELATIONS

    This book discusses in some detail the Qur'anic revelations pertaining to Human

    Embryology in the light of the findings of the Medical Sciences. It also discusses the

    creation of objects in pairs and creation of energy (fire) in green plants. The Qur'anic

    revelations in these areas are astonishingly accurate.

    While science discovered in the mid 19th

    century that the process of fertilization was the

    outcome of the combination of male sperms and female ova, the Qur'an had revealed it in

    the early 7th

    century. Similarly the somite formation has been very precisely described in

    the Qur'an by calling it Modgha which gives ―the embryo the look of masticated lump

    with the indentations of the teeth.‖ D. Keith L Moore an internationally renowned

    Embryologist, confirms the accuracy of Qur'anic descriptions: ―I was astonished by the

    accuracy of the statements that were recorded in the 7th

    century A.D., before the science

    of embryology was established.‖

    In certain areas of physical and chemical sciences too the Qur'an makes amazing correct

    statements. It declared that all animate and inanimate objects are created in pairs. This

    has been scientifically established by Dirac‘s theory of electron which states that every

    matter has an anti matter. Similarly there is a clear reference in the Qur'an to the green

    plants generating energy (fire) through the process of photosynthesis which uses up water

    and carbon-di-oxide to produce Oxygen.

    It is hoped that the exposition of these scientific truths in the Qur'an with stunning

    preciseness should inspire scholars, Muslims and Non-Muslims, to study Qur'an with

    devotion and dedication in order to unravel the scientific secrets still concealed in the

    Qur'anic verses. We shall consider it a great success if this Monograph becomes a source

    for such inspiration.

    Author: Prof. Shah Manzoor Alam

  • MONOGRAPH No. 24

    RIBA, MODERN AND ISLAMIC BANKING: A CRITIQUE

    The Concept of Riba (Interest) in Al-Qur‘an: Its Application in Modern Banking. Two

    distinct schools of thought have emerged regarding the interpretation of Qur‘anic verses

    pertaining to Riba (usury/interest). The traditional classical Muslim scholars assert that

    Riba in any form including interest paid or charged by conventional banks is prohibited

    according to Qur‘anic injunctions and Traditions of the Prophet (SAWS). An eloquent and

    a most explicit Exposition of the views of this school of thought is found in the Shari’ah

    Bench Judgment of the Federal Court of Pakistan (December, 1999).

    The other school of thought is led by group of modern Muslim scholars who argue that

    the Qur‘anic verses on Riba were revealed to prevent the exploitation of the poor and the

    needy by the rich members of the tribal society, which was prevalent in pre-Islamic

    Arabia (Jahiliyyah Period). This cardinal fact (Shani-Nazul—rationale for revelation)

    cannot be overlooked in any interpretation of the verses of the Qur‘an on Riba. Moreover,

    such transactions during that period were between two individuals where the lender

    charged exorbitant interest (Usury) if the borrower defaulted on repaying the loan.

    These Muslim scholars argue that the socio-economic has radically changed since the

    revelations of the verses on in the early seventh century. Banking institutions have been

    established, replacing the individuals, to fulfill the credit needs of the customers. The

    interest charged by banks is moderate. Banks invest the deposits they receive in

    industrial, agricultural, commercial and other developmental activities. Thus they offer

    their customers, including middle and lower income groups financial stability. Hence

    they insist on the need for Ijtihad, which is permissible in Islam, because all the activities

    of conventional banks cannot be summarily condemned as Riba.

    The Monograph also highlights the functioning and progress of Islamic banks. They

    operate in a limited area. Their products are very few. In order to be competitive and to

    meet the challenge of conventional banks, Islamic banks will have to diversify their

    products to attract larger number of customers. Some of the leading international

    conventional banks have already opened Islamic windows to attract Muslim customers,

    who on religious grounds do not keep their money in conventional banks. This, indeed, is

    a great challenge to Islamic banks.

    It has been proposed in this Monograph that the products of the conventional banks ought

    to be carefully scrutinized. Islamic banks should adopt and internalize those products,

    which do not violate the principles of Riba and which contribute to progress and welfare

    of human beings and are in harmony with the progressive spirit of Islam. It was to

    prevent the exploitative Riba system prevalent during the Jahiliyyah period that the

    Qur‘anic verses were revealed.

    This principle remains valid even to date i.e. to prevent the enrichment of the rich and

    exploitation of the poor, its applicability needs Ijtihad. It has to be significantly modified

    because of the new instruments being available to achieve the objectives specified in the

    Qur‘an and Sunnah of the Prophet (SAWS).

    Editors: Dr. Mohd Zahir is an economist and scholar in Islamic Studies. He retired

    as Associate Professor in Economics, Zakir Husain College, Delhi University;

  • Mr. Abu Nazim, retired Chief Documentation Officer, Town and Country Planning

    Dept., Govt. of India; and Dr. Nafis Ahmad Siddiqui, retired Principal Dayal Singh

    College, Delhi University

    MONOGRAPH No. 25

    STATUS AND RIGHTS OF WOMEN AND INHERITANCE ISLAM

    This Monograph deals comprehensively with the status and Rights of Women and

    Inheritance in Islam in the light of Qur'anic injunctions and Traditions of the Prophet

    (SAWS). It also discusses the significant reforms which have been enacted lately in a

    number of Muslim countries regarding marriage and divorce in order to protect the status

    and rights of women in accordance with the letter and spirit of the Qur'anic injunctions.

    Some major reforms in the law of inheritance have also been briefly highlighted.

    The Monograph empasises the fact that Islam emancipated women from pre-Islamic

    slavery and tyranny and raised them to the status of a respectable member of the family

    and of the society as a whole and equal in every respect except biologically. Islamic

    society, as evolved during the life of the Prophet (SAWS) granted full freedom to women

    to express their views on any matter freely and openly. Surah Mujadalah (Chapter 58) in

    the Qur'an eloquently and abundantly testifies to this freedom of speech to women. Islam

    systematically demolished all such pre-Islamic customs, which degraded the status of

    women and humiliated them. The Zihar and Ila systems of pre-Islamic divorce which

    were most repugnant, arbitrary, unfair and depended only on the whims and fancies of

    men were abolished together with the inheritance of widow/widows of the deceased and

    his property by his brother or step-son. Women in Islam were given the right to own and

    dispose of their property long before any other religion or society had conceded these

    rights to them. They were granted rights on par with men to offer protection to any

    person they chose and this would be honoured. The institution of marriage in Islam and

    procedure for divorce together with reforms introduced with the passage of time in order

    to protect the rights of women have been dealt with at great length in this Monograph.

    Before the advent of Islam marriages and divorces in pre-Islamic Arabia were arbitrary,

    chaotic and fully controlled by men. They could keep as many wives as they liked and

    could divorce them at will with no provision for their maintenance. Islam systemtised,

    regulated and institutionalised the custom of marriage. Women were granted the right to

    reject the marriage proposals fixed by their parents. The pre-Islamic custom of paying the

    dower amount to the father of the bride was stopped. Instead it was made payable directly

    to the bride to utilise it as she liked without the interference of her parents and husbands.

    The maximum number of marriages a man could contract was restricted to four. This was

    however under exceptional circumstance and subject to the condition that all the four

    wives will be looked after with absolute equality in every respect. In fact the Qur'an

    favoured and encouraged monogamy. The Monograph highlights an interesting fact that

    in a survey of polygamy in different communities in India the Muslims are the least

    polygamous. Marriage in Islam, though contractual, is a sacred and honoured covenant

    which can be terminated only under most compelling circumstances and only after all

  • efforts at reconciliation have failed. Divorce though permitted in Islam is most disliked

    by Allah (SWT) according to an authentic Tradition of the Prophet (SAWS). The Muslim

    jurists through their rigid interpretation have blocked many progressive measures which

    are permissible according to Qur'anic injunctions and traditions such as the right of

    women to seek divorce from her husband on valid grounds, without his consent. This is

    being gradually remedied in many Muslim countries by introducing significant reforms to

    conform with the injunctions of the Qur'an and Traditions of the Prophet (SAWS).

    The Monograph further stresses the point that significant reforms have been introduced in

    a number of Muslim countries such as Turkey, Libya, Algeria, Egypt, Pakistan etc. In

    their marriage and divorce laws in order to bring them in conformity with the Qur'anic

    injunctions and traditions of the Prophet (SAWS) which protect the rights of women and

    prevent their exploitation. These newly introduced reforms have abolished the

    abominable practice of pronouncing three divorces in one sitting. Every divorce has to be

    registered and approved by a court of law before it is made operative. Further those who

    resort to such arbitrary divorces are even penalised and legally forced to pay maintenance

    allowance to their divorced wives from 1 to 3 years. All the marriages have to be

    registered. In the marriage contract the woman can lay down certain specific conditions.

    As for instance, if the husband contracts a second marriage she could seek immediate

    divorce. In Egypt, Libya and Algeria women can for some valid reason, seek divorce

    without the consent of their husbands. A unique feature of this monograph is that besides

    the Sunni Muslims it discusses the marriage and divorce laws among the Shia Muslims as

    well.

    The system of inheritance, as ordained in the Qur'an, has largely remained unaltered yet

    in certain areas where the Qur'an and the Traditions of the Prophet have remained silent

    certain important reforms have been introduced to protect the rights of the grandchildren

    and of the brothers. It has now been legislated in almost all the Muslim countries that the

    grand children will be entitled to the same share as their father if he had been alive. In

    Egypt the same result has been achieved by enacting "Oldigatory Bequest".

    Finally the author has provided a draft text of a model Nikah Nama (Marriage Contract)

    for general discussion and debate and adoption with modifications if necessary.

    It is hoped that this monograph on a most crucial aspect of Islamic Law will excite the

    interest of both the scholars and the authorities in the Muslim world.

    Author:Dr. Mrs. Zeenat Shaukat Ali is a distinguished scholar in Islamic studies and an

    established authority on Muslim Personal Law. She is Professor of Islamic Studies at St

    Xavier's College, Mumbai, India. She has participated in numerous national and

    International seminars and has lectured extensively in India and abroad on the rights,

    status and empowerment of women in Islam. Her books: Marriage and Divorce in Islam

    (1986); and Empowerment of Women in Islam (1997) have been very well reviewed in

    professional journals and have been widely acclaimed as authentic works in this field.

  • MONOGRAPH 26:

    CONCEPT OF JIHAD IN ISLAM

    ABOUT THE BOOK

    This monograph is presented in two parts. In Part I, the learned authors have

    explained the real concept and practice of Jihad in Islam quoting profusely from the Holy

    Qur‘an and the Traditions of the Prophet (SAWS). The concept remains unchanged no

    matter how much it is distorted thanks to the preserved scripture of Islam - Al-Qur‘an. In

    Part II, views expressed by others, including some of the important non-Muslim scholars,

    are given.

    Perhaps no other work on Jihad has dealt the most news-making subject, which is

    agitating the minds of all peace loving people in the world, so comprehensively covering

    all possible dimensions. It brings out very clearly the crucial differences in use of

    violence as an inescapable means of protecting peace and maintaining security of

    common people and for pursuit of worldly aims disturbing peace and violating security.

    Islam approves the first one and condemns strongly the later.

    Views of eminent non-Muslim scholars are quite revealing as they too support the

    basic premise that there is nothing wrong with the Islamic concept of Jihad, as it is

    justified in many major religious ideologies. Islam goes a step further by differentiating

    between personal Jihad and the armed action which is a state responsibility for protection

    and not disturbing peace. Personal Jihad is a common phenomenon as life without

    struggle is unimaginable.

    Editors: Dr. Mohd. Zahir and Mr. Abu Nazim

    MONOGRAPH No. 27

    KHULFA-AL-RASHIDIN: THE FOUR RIGHTLY GUIDED CALIPHS

    This Monograph provides a realistic account of the achievements of Khulafa al-Rashidin.

    As Caliphs of an Islamic state they established a system of administration, which was

    genuinely based on Qur‘anic injunctions and Traditions of the Prophet (SAWS). Thus

    piety, justice with equality, compassion, honesty, integrity, truth and human welfare

    constituted the key components of their administration. They adhered to these principles

    firmly and consistently and never deviated or compromised on basics even under most

    trying circumstances. They thus established a truly welfare state, the first of its kind, in

    the annals of political history of the world. The Monograph offers a perceptive account

    of the social, political and military challenges faced by each of the Four Caliphs and the

    strategy they adopted to tackle them.

    Abu Bakr (RA) exterminated apostasy, and crushed insurgency against the payment of

    Zakaat by some Arab tribes with resoluteness and determination. Umar (RA) inherited a

    stable state from his predecessor but faced the acute problem of external threats from the

    dominant imperial powers of Persia and Byzantine. He completely eliminated their

    threats, expanded the frontiers of the Islamic domain, which emerged militarily the most

    powerful state in the region. This led to political stability and economic prosperity, and

    enabled Umar (RA) to establish a genuinely welfare Islamic state, ensuring the well being

    of all the people of the state. His administration was transparent, compassionate with

  • firmness, just and without discrimination and free from corruption.

    Uthman (RA) also inherited a stable, peaceful and economically prosperous state. This

    enabled him to further expand the territorial domain of Islam but territorial expansion

    created problems, which Khalifa Uthman (RA) could not anticipate. The latter part of his

    Caliphate was thus marked for laxity of administrative control, emergence of rebellious

    tendencies instigated by a crafty Jew, Ibn Sauda, who fanned factional rivalries among

    the Arab clans which eventually led to the tragic assassination of Uthman (RA). It set up a

    deplorable precedent that a legitimately elected Caliph could be removed from office by

    violent means.

    The assassination of Uthman (RA) had adverse repercussion on the Caliphate of Ali (RA),

    which eventually led to a vertical split of the Caliphate between Ali (RA) and Muavia.

    Consequently an acute struggle ensued between Ali (RA) and Muavia, in which the

    former fought to maintain the supremacy of principles evolved over a period of time on

    the election of Caliphs by the Muhajirin and Ansar electors of Madinah. Muavia on the

    other hand was craftily trying to establish a dynastic system of Caliphate. It was only

    after the martyrdom of Ali (RA) that Muavia could succeed in his machinations. The rise

    of the fanatic and extremist kharaji movement in the Kufa region complicated matters for

    Ali (RA), and considerably or: harmed his efforts to unite the Islamic domain and restore

    peace, tranquility and stability.

    Author:Prof, Shah Manzoor Alam

    MONOGRAPH No. 28

    DISTINGUISHED COMPANIONS OF THE PROPHET (SAWS)

    Life and deeds of the great personalities of the early period of Islam, who rose from the

    suffering souls to shape an exemplary society and an unparalleled style of governance

    leading to understanding the true spirit of Islam. For Muslims they are the role models

    and for others an eye-opener, as the Orientalists have presented them in partisan fashion

    albeit in sophisticated way in guise of scholarly work. This is not to run down the

    genuine research work done by Europeans to bring forth the factual details and teaching

    of Islam. In fact, the literature available in the libraries of EU countries, especially

    Germany, is invaluable for which the Muslim Ummah should be indebted. But the

    material needs to sifted and sorted to differentiate true from false. Unfortunately, there is

    paucity of authentic literature in simple English that is not riddled with un-necessary

    details.

    This monograph is one of the set of two monographs presenting brief biographies

    covering the famous ‗Ashrah al-Mubashshirah (The Blessed Ten). Monograph 30 covers

    the first four Rightly Guided Caliphs (Khulafa-e Rashideen). The companions, whose

    biographies are included in this monograph, are the remaining six, who have the

    distinction of being among them.

    Only relevant facts have been taken form the material drawn from various sources

    including the Glorious Quran and authentic Ahadith (Traditions) of the Prophet (SAWS)

    with a view to making the monograph concise and pocket friendly. The aim is to spread

    true knowledge in easy to understand language.

  • Compiled by Col. A.F,M. Muqsith, a retired army Col. And a keen scholar of Islamic

    Studies and Dr. Aqeel Hashmi, former Head Depatment of Urdu and retired Associate

    Professor of Urdu, Osmania University,Hyderabad, India.

    MONOGRAPH No. 29

    Challenges to Islam, Educational Reforms and Ijtihad in Islam

    The Challenges to Islam by the West are so serious that they cannot be countered without

    improvement in the quality of education through radical educational reforms in the

    Muslim countries. The application of the process of Ijtihad is also crucially important to

    maintain the progressive character of Islam in the contemporary period.

    The Western media and intellectuals proclaim loudly and repeatedly that the Muslims are

    backward because they follow a book which was revealed to guide the tribal Arabs in the

    7th century A.D. They refuse to accept the universal relevance of the Message of the

    Qur‘an and state categorically that it cannot be used to guide in technology dominated

    21st. Century. TheBook argues cogently and convincingly that Muslims are backward

    because they have deviated from the fundamental principles of Islam and forcefully

    stresses the universal relevance of the Message of Islam.

    Most of the scholars agree that the Madrasa System of education produces conservative,

    orthodox and dogmatic students who resist change but do not resort to violence. The