MEDICAL TERMINOLOGYT. SANAA ABD

ELHAMED

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

Are to should be able to:

1. Label a diagram showing the structural organization of the

nervous system.

2. Label a diagram of neuron.

3. Label a diagram of spinal cord.

4. List some common symptoms of neurologic disorders.

5. Interpret case studies involving the nervous system.

6. Identify and use word parts pertaining to the nervous system.

7. Describe the major disorders of the nervous system.

8. Define abbreviations used in neurology.

STRUCTURE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

MEDICAL TERMS RELATED TO THE N.S

1. Cranial (adj) means pertaining to the skull. The

combining form crani/o means skull.

2. Brain (n) means the cranial part of the central

nervous system, situated inside the skull, also

known as encephalon. The combining form

encephal/o means brain.

3. Cerebrum (n) the largest and most highly developed

part of the brain, composed of two hemispheres. The

combining form cerebr/o means cerebrum or brain.

Cerebral – adj.

4. Cerebellar (adj) referring to the

cerebellum. The combining

form is cerebell/o.

5. Craniotomy (n) means incision

of the skull.

6. Nervous (adj) referring to the nervous system

(also can means worried or tense). The combining

form is nerv/o means nerve. And the suffix –ous is

an adjective marker.

7. Neural (adj) referring to the nerve or the nervous

system. The combining form is neur/o.

8. Neuralgia (n) pain which runs along a nerve. The suffix

–algia means pain.

9. Neurology (n) study of the nervous system and its

diseases.

Neurological – adj.

10. Neurosurgery (n) surgery on the nervous system

including the spinal cord and brain.

11. Neurosurgeon (n) a surgeon who operates on the

nervous system including the brain.

12. Meningitis (n) inflammation of the meninges. The

combining form is mening/o.

13. Myelogram (n) record of the spinal cord. Myelography

is an x-ray examination of the spinal cord after a radio-

opaque substance has been injected. The combining form

myel/o means spinal cord.

14. Hydrocephalus (n) an excessive quantity of cerebrospinal

fluid in the brain.

15. Concussion (n) [ kon-kush-on] means that the brain is not

working properly due to a violent shaking or jarring of the

brain caused by a direct blow or explosion. The combining

form is concuss/o

16. Coma (n) a state of unconsciousness from which a person

be awakened by eternal stimuli.

17. Amnesia (n) partial or total loss of memory.

18. Dura mater (n) means the thick outer membrane of the

meninges. The combining form is dur/o.

19. Epidural (adj) means located outside the Dura mater. The

prefix epi- means above or upon. The combining form dur/o

means Dura mater. The opposite is subdural.

20. Encephalitis (n) means inflammation of the brain.

21. Electroencephalography: EEG (n) the process of

recording brain wave activity. The resulting record is

called electroencephalogram.

22. Microcephaly (n) a condition where a person has an

abnormally small head. The opposite is macrocephally.

23. Spine (n) means a series of

bones (the vertebrae) linked

together to form a flexible

column running from the pelvis

to the skull. The combining

form is spin/o.

24. Poliomyelitis (n) a viral infection of the grey matter

of the spinal cord that may result in paralysis. Poli/o

means grey matter of the brain and the spinal cord.

25. Syncope (n) losing consciousness for a short time

because of reduced flow of blood to the brain, also

known as fainting.

26. Trephination means the process of cutting a hole in

the skull using a trephine.