Medical Terminology and Common Ambulance Abbrieviations_6Slide

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Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences

BEH1011 Clinical concepts in ParamedicPractice 1

THEME: Patient Assessment MedicalTerminology & Common AmbulanceAbbreviations

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Medical Terminology andCommon AmbulanceTerms

Patient Assessment Week 01

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Medical TerminologyLanguage that accurately describes the body, itsassociated components, conditions, processes.

Studying medical terminology is very similar to learninga new language

Most medical terms are built from word parts thatconsist of some or all of the following components:

Prefix at the beginning of the word not always Root word may contain more than one

Combining Vowel usually o Suffix at the end of the word


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Medical Terminology: Word RootThe word root is the word part that is the core of theword.

The word root contains the fundamental meaning ofthe word

Since the word root is the core of the word, eachmedical term contains one or more word roots.


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Medical Terminology: Root Word

Play / er

Root / Stem Suffix


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Medical Terminology: Root Word

Arthr / itis

Root / Stem Suffix


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Medical Terminology: Prefix

Sub / Hepat / ic

Root / Stem Suffix

Sub = under

Hepatic = pertaining to liver

Prefix


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Medical Terminology: Combining VowelThe combining vowel is a word part, usually an o,used to ease pronunciation.

The combining vowel is: Used to connect two word roots. Used to connect a word root and a suffix. Not used to connect a prefix and a word root.


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Medical Terminology

Haematology

Blood

Combining Vowel

Study of

= Study of BloodPatient Assessment

Week 01Theme 16

Medical Terminology

Electrocardiogram

Electricity

Combining Vowel

Record

= Recording of the electricity of the heart

Heart


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Medical Terminology

Gastroenteritis

Stomach

Combining VowelIntestine

= Inflammation of the Stomach and Intestine

Inflammation.


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Medical Terminology: Guidelines forusing Combining Vowel

Guideline #1: When connecting a word root and asuffix, a combining vowel IS USED if the suffix DOES NOTbegin with a vowel.

Guideline #1 Example

In the medical term arthr/o/pathy the suffix pathy does not begin with a vowel; therefore acombining vowel is used.


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Guideline #2: When connecting a word root and asuffix, a combining vowel is USUALLY NOT USED if thesuffix DOES BEGIN with a vowel.

Guideline #2 Example:

In the medical term hepat/ic, the suffix -ic beginswith the vowel i; therefore a combining vowel isnot used.

Else it will become hepat / o / ic = hepatoic whichis incorrect


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Guideline #3: When connecting two word roots, acombining vowel is usually used even if vowels arepresent at the junction.


In the medical term oste/o/arthr/itis o is thecombining vowel used, even though the wordroot oste (which means bone) ends with thevowel e, and the word root arthr begins with thevowel a.


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Guideline #4: When connecting a prefix and a wordroot, a combining vowel is not used.


In the medical term sub/hepat/ic, the combiningvowel is not used between the prefix sub- and theword root hepat.

*The combining vowel is used to ease pronunciation;therefore not all medical terms have them.


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Anatomy and Physiology - PrefixesHead cephal/oBrain encephal/oEye ophthalm/o, optic/oEar ot/oNose rhin/oMouth or/oNeck cervic/o

Examples

Rhinoplasty Repair to nose

Encephalitis Inflammation of the Brain


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Anatomy and Physiology - PrefixesHeart cardi/oSkin derm/oStomach gastr/oBlood haem/oKidney nephr/oKidney ren/oNerve neur/oBone oste/oExamples

Cardiomegaly Enlarged Heart Osteopathy Bone Disease


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Anatomy and Physiology - PrefixesIntestine enter/oChest thorac/oAbdomen abdomin/oFat adip/oGroin inguin/oMind psych/oClot thromb/oFlesh sarc/oExamples

Thoracic Pertaining to the chest Thrombocyte Blood clotting cell


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Anatomy and Physiology - PrefixesVein phleb/oTrachea trache/o

Vertebrae vertebr/oNavel umbilic/oSpine spin/oJoint arthr/oArtery ather/o, arteri/oExamples

Tracheostomy incision into the trachea Arteriosclerosis hardening of the arteries


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Anatomy and Physiology - PrefixesFingers, toes dactyl/oRib cost/o

Tongue gloss/oAirway, bronchial bronch/o

Examples

Dactylomegaly enlarged fingers or toes Intercostal between the ribs


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Anatomy and Physiology - SuffixesPertaining to -ac, -al, -ic, -icalPain -algiaExcision, removal -ectomyIncision -tomyBlood condition -aemiaRecord -gramInflammation -itis

Examples

Spinal pertaining to the spine Anaemia blood condition where there is lack of

red blood cells.Patient Assessment

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Anatomy and Physiology - SuffixesSpecialist -istStudy of -logyTumour, mass -omaAbnormal condition -osis

Examples

Psychology Study of the mind Haematoma a mass of blood bruise


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General - PrefixesNo, Not, Without a-, an-Self auto-Within endo-Outside of, out exo-Excessive, above hyper-Deficient, below hypo-Surrounding peri-Blue Colour cyan/oExamples

Endotracheal Within a trachea Pericardium Surrounding the heart


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General - PrefixesBad, painful dys-Within intra-Between inter-Below infra-Back, again re-Behind retro-Below, under sub-

Examples

Dyspnea painful breathing Intravenous within the vein


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General - PrefixesAcross, through trans-Extremities acro-

Sharp, sudden acu-Death mort/oBirth nati/oFast tachy-Slow brady-Bad mal-Normal eu-Examples

Transurethral through the urethra Tachycardia fast heart beat


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General - SuffixesEnlarged -megalyRhythm -rhythm

Softening -malaciaHardening -sclerosisDeficiency -peniaFear -phobiaDestruction -lysis

Examples

Dysrrthmia bad rhythm Osteomalacia softening of the bones


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General - SuffixesDevelopment -plasiaSpeech -phasiaSurgical repair -plastyDrooping, sagging -ptosisNarrowing -stenosisBreathing -pneaFlow, discharge -rrheaInvoluntary contraction-spasmExamples

Dysphasia difficulty in speech Eupnoea Normal breathing


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Word Building Exercise1. Slow heart beat2. Excessive vomiting3. Bone deficiency4. Study of blood5. Inflammation of the epiglottis6. Scant Urine7. High blood pressure8. Low blood pressure9. Space between the ribs10.Breathing excessively11.Removal of appendix

12.Excess carbon dioxide13.Someone who specialises in the heart14.Pertaining to low oxygen levels15.Surgical removal of breast


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsDocumentation on the ambulance patient carerecord (ePCR) will often utilise a number of medicalabbreviations.As paramedics, you will need to be familiar with these.This lecture will introduce you to some of the morefrequently used abbreviations.


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Common Ambulance Abbreviations Female

Male# FracturePt PatientHx HistoryRx TreatmentPHx Previous History56 Police83 Pt Deceased

, Dx DiagnosisR RightL Left

1/7 1 day

1/52 1 week1/12 1 month1/24 1 hour1/60 1 minute

Psych PtC/O Complaining of. DOA Dead on arrivalED Emergency DeptA&E Accident & Emerg? Query

A 25yo Pt feel over 3/24 agoand C/O L) arm pain.? # L)arm


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsBP Blood PressureHR Heart RateP Pulse

RR Respiratory RateAAA Abdominal Aortic AneurysmAPO Acute Pulmonary OedemaAPPV Assisted Positive Pressure VentilationAMI Acute Myocardial InfarctionA/E Air EntryAFib Atrial FibrillationALS - Advanced Life SupportBLS - Basic Life SupportBSL Blood Sugar LevelCA CancerCAD Coronary Artery DiseaseCCF Congestive Cardiac FailureCOAD Chronic Obstructive Airways Disease


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsCOPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary DiseaseCSF Cerebro-Spinal FluidCP Chest Pain

CCP Central Chest PainCCU Coronary Care UnitCPAP Continuous Positive Airways PressureCPR Cardiopulmonary ResuscitationCVA Cerebrovascular Accident (Stroke)CABG Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CAGS)DKA Diabetic KetoacidosisDNR Do Not ResuscitateD &V Diarrhoea and VomitingDVT Deep Vein ThrombosisDCCS Direct Current Counter Shock


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsEAR Expired Air ResuscitationECT Electro Convulsive TherapyECC External Cardiac CompressionsETA Estimated Time of ArrivalETD Estimated Time of DepartureECG ElectrocardiographEMD Electromechanical dissociationENT Ear, Nose ThroatETT Endotracheal TubeETOH EthanolE/R En RouteETT Endotracheal tubeECG ElectrocardiogramFTB Floor to BedF/I For investigationGCS Glasgow Coma Scale


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsGP General PractitionerGTN Glyceryl TrinitrateHI Head InjuryHIV Human Immuno-deficiency VirusHT HypertensionhT HypotensionHx HistoryH&M Hematemesis & MalaenaIDC Indwelling CatheterISS Injury Severity ScoreIV IntravenousIM IntramuscularIHT Inter Hospital TransferIHD Ischaemic Heart DiseaseIO IntraosseousIPPV Intermittent Positive Pressure Ventilation


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsICU Intensive Care Unit

IVDU Intravenous Drug UseIDDM Insulin Dependent Diabetes MellitusLOC Loss of ConsciousnessLAC LacerationLBBB Left Bundle Branch BlockLMA Laryngeal Mask AirwayLVF Left Ventricular FailureMRSA Multi Resistant Staphylococcus AureusMANE- in the morningMx MedicationMed MedicationMICA Mobile Intensive Care Ambulance UnitMBA Motorbike AccidentMCA Motor Car AccidentMVA Motor Vehicle AccidentMOI Mechanism of Injury


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsNPA Nasopharyngeal Airway

NKA No Known AllergiesNSR Normal Sinus RhythmNPT No Patient TransportNFR Not For ResuscitationNIDDM Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes MellitusNOCTE at nightNAD No Abnormalities DetectedNOD No Other DetailsNOF Neck of FemurO2 OxygenOD OverdoseO/A On ArrivalO/E On ExaminationO/S On Scene


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsOPA Oropharyngeal AirwayPEARL Pupils Equal and Reacting to LightPE Pulmonary Embolus

PEA Pulseless Electrical ActivityPed PedestrianPIC Pain in ChestPTP Person, Time, PlacePR Per RectumPRN Pro Re Nata/ as requiredPSA Perfusion Status AssessmentPT PatientPV Per VaginaRBG Random Blood GlucoseResp RespirationRSI Rapid Sequence InductionSIDS Sudden Infant Death Syndrome


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Common Ambulance AbbreviationsS/L Sub-LingualSPO2 Oxygen SaturationSTD Sexually Transmitted Disease

ST ST Elevation ST ST DepressionSOB Shortness of BreathSTI Soft Tissue InjurySVT Supra Ventricular TachycardiaTIA Transient Ischaemic AttackTV Tidal VolumeUA Unstable AnginaURTI Upper Respiratory Tract InfectionUTI Urinary Tract InfectionVF Ventricular FibrillationVT Ventricular TachycardiaVSS Vital Signs Survey

g grammg milligram

g microgram

mcg microgram


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Medical Terminology and Common Ambulance Abbrieviations_6Slide