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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ANATOMY. Al Ma`arefa College. Objectives:. Describe the anatomical position of the body and discuss its significance in the science of medicine Describe anatomical planes of body - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY ANATOMY
Al Ma`arefa College
Objectives: Describe the anatomical position of the
body and discuss its significance in the science of medicine
Describe anatomical planes of body Explain why directional terms are relative
and must be used in reference to body structures or a body in anatomical position.
Explain how anatomical terms are derived
ANATOMIC TERMINOLOGY
ANATOMICAL POSITION
ANATOMICAL PLANES
ANATOMICAL ADJECTIVES
ANATOMICAL MOVEMENTS
ANATOMIC POSITION All structures are described and named with
reference to the anatomical position.In the anatomical position, the body is Standing erect The eyes look straight to the front Face and palms of the hands directed forwards The upper limbs hang by the sides of trunk The lower limbs are parallel with the feet
together and the toes pointing forwards
ANATOMIC PLANES Median Sagittal ( Midsagittal ) Plane: A vertical plane passing between the anterior midline and posterior midline, dividing the body into right & left halves. Parasagittal ( Paramedian ) Plane: Any plane parallel to median sagittal plane
ANATOMIC PLANES coronal
vertical, perpendicular to median
Horizontal (transverse) parallel to floor,
perpendicular to median, coronal
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVESAre arranged as pairs of opposites
Anterior (Ventral ) & Posterior (Dorsal )
Anterior: Towards the front of the body
Posterior: Towards the back of the body
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVESAre arranged as pairs of opposites
Superior( Cranial ) & Inferior (Caudal )
Superior: Towards the head
Inferior: Towards the feet
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Proximal & Distal Proximal: Nearer
the trunk
Distal: Away from the trunk
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Medial & Lateral Medial: Towards
the midline of the body
Lateral: Away from the midline of the body
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Superficial & Deep
Superficial: Nearer the surface of the body
Profundus (Deep): Away from the surface of the body
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Central & Peripheral
Central: Towards the central axis of the body
Peripheral: Away from the central axis of the body
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.Ipsilateral & Contralateral Ipsilateral: Of the same side Contralateral: Of the Opposite
side
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.Flexor Surface & Extensor Surface Flexor Surface: The anterior surface in
the upper limb and the posterior surface in the lower limb
Extensor surface: The posterior surface in the upper limb and the anterior surface in the lower limb
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.
Palmar & Dorsal Surfaces of Hand
Palmar Surface: Anterior surface
Dorsal Surface: Posterior surface
ANATOMIC ADJECTIVES CONT.Planter & Dorsal Surfaces of
Foot Planter Surface: Lower surface Dorsal Surface: Upper surface
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS
Flexion & Extension Flexion:
approximation of flexor surface of the adjoining parts and thus reduces the angle of the joint.
Extension: approximation of extensor surface of the adjoining parts and thus increases the angle of the joint.
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS
Abduction & Adduction
Abduction: Moving the part away from the body
Adduction: Moving the part towards the body
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.Medial & Lateral
Rotation Medial
Rotation: Inwards rotation
Lateral Rotation: Outwards rotation
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Circumduction: Combination in sequence of the movements of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.Pronation & Supination of Forearm Pronation: Rotation of the forearm so
that the palm is turned backwards Supination: Rotation of the forearm so
that the palm is turned forwards
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Dorsiflexion & Planterflexion of Foot
Dorsiflexion: Upward flexion of the foot
Planterflexion: Downward flexion of the foot
ANATOMIC MOVEMENTS CONT.
Inversion and Eversion of foot
Inversion : movement of the sole of foot in which sole faces inwards or medially
Eversion: movement of the sole of foot in which sole faces outwards or laterally
Terms used to describing vessels Arteries Veins Capillaries Anastomosis
Term used for describing bony feature Elevation
Linear elevation Sharp elevation Rounded or irregular elevation
Depressions Pit, impression, fovea, fossa, groove, notch
Openings Smooth articular surface
Facet, condyle, head, capitulum or trochlea
THANKS