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Medical Simulation Standards:What can we learn from DoD?
Roger Smith, PhD, DM, MS, MBA
Chief Technology Officer
Florida Hospital
Nicholson Center for Surgical Advancement
Slides Online at: Modelbenders.com
Approved for Public Release.
DoD has learned a lot in 25 years …
SIMNET, 1989
VBS2, 2011
2
Military Simulation Elements
Live Virtual
3Constructive Games
Simulation Standards
System Design System Interoperability
Synthetic
EnvironmentModels
User
InterfacesTranslators
Model Ontology
Shared Model Proxy
4
Hardware Network
Time Management
Operating System Distribution Management
Data Man
agem
ent
Event Management Object Management
Simulation ManagementNetwork Services
Network Protocol
Enumerations
Standards in System Design
Synthetic
EnvironmentModels
User
InterfacesTranslators
Simulation Management
User
Exp
erie
nce
Hardware Network
Time Management
Operating System Distribution Management
Data Man
agem
ent
Event Management Object Management
Simulation Management
From Military Simulation and Serious Games, Roger Smith
Infra
stru
ctu
re
Synthetic Environment
• Common and shared representation of the background field
• Eliminate duplication of the most common objects that are
often the least dynamic
6
Models
• Structural building blocks for functionality
• Object taxonomy for identity and relationships
• These are the hardest and least advanced
7
User Interfaces
• Data Creation – building and editing the virtual world
• Data Presentation – performance analysis
• System Controls – operating the system
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Translators
• Every device speaks a different language
• There is always a need for translation of bits, words,
packets, and forms
• Standards for Interoperability can significantly reduce, but
never eliminate this need
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ABGABCEBEBABCG -0+++--000++--+0-+0-
101101011101010011
ΛΓΦϑΠΨΟςΩΙΜΨΛΓΦϑΠΨΟςΩΙΜΨΛΓΦϑΠΨΟςΩΙΜΨΛΓΦϑΠΨΟςΩΙΜΨ
Standards in System Interoperability
Common Model Ontology
Shared Model Proxy
Network Services
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Network Services
Network Protocol
Enumerations
Common Model Ontology
• A formal representation of knowledge as a set of concepts
within a domain, and the relationships between those
concepts.
• Used to reason about the entities within that domain.
• Required to allow models to interact with each other.
– What are you? – What are you?
– How are you related?
– What can I do to you?
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Shared Model Proxy
• A representation that is a minimal, but essential substitute
for the modeled object.
• Provides a least-common-denominator of state values that
can be universally agreed upon.
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Who am I? 1) ~~~~~~
2) ~~~~~~
3) ~~~~~~
4) ~~~~~~
5) ~~~~~~
Who am I? 1) ~~~~~~
2) ~~~~~~
3) ~~~~~~
4) ~~~~~~
5) ~~~~~~
6) ~~~~~~
Who am I? 1) ~~~~~~
2) ~~~~~~
Who am I? 1) ~~~~~~
2) ~~~~~~
Network Services
• Provided by a common software library that will perform
actions in the same manner for everyone.
• Reduces duplicate software and duplicate errors.
• Increases standardization of actions, processes, and
protocols
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Press 1 to send greetings
Press 2 to send a bomb
Press 3 to intercept calls
Press 4 to jam all radios
Network Protocol
• Simulation state information is encoded in formatted
messages and exchanged between computers and
simulation systems.
• One popular protocol (DIS 6) defines 67 different message
types (PDUs), arranged into 12 families.
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ID: Sam
Side: Red
Health: 100%
Weight: 100 KG
Location: (12, 23, 17)
Speed: 10 KPH
Weapons: Sword
Enumerations
• An exact listing of all of the elements in the set.
• These compactly encode data that needs to be understood
by different computer programs. • Ground Vehicle = 100
– Tank = 101
– Truck = 102
– Robot = 103
Terrain = 400
-River = 401
-Tree = 402
-Bridge = 403– Robot = 103
• Air Vehicle = 200
– Fighter = 201
– Tanker = 202
– Cargo = 203
• Naval Vehicle = 300
– Carrier = 301
– Battleship = 302
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-Bridge = 403
-Building = 404
Medical / Military Collaboration on Standards
• Are both communities prepared to collaborate?
• Are they able to persist long enough to bridge differences
in vocabulary, history, customer needs, funding, etc?
• Simulation Interoperability Standards Organization
– Medical Simulation SIG
• Society for Simulation in Healthcare
– Committee on Technology and Standards
• Slides available at: Modelbenders.com
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