Media Studies Salman3 Marxist

7/29/2019 Media Studies Salman3 Marxist

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:: media studies ::

lecture #03

twitter: @wowoxarc

[email protected] or [email protected]


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class and ideology

The ideas of the ruling class are in every epochthe ruling ideas, i.e. the class which is the

ruling material force of society, is at the same

time its ruling intellectual force.


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class and ideology

The class which has the means of materialproduction at its disposal, has control at the

same time over the means of mental

production, so that thereby, generallyspeaking, the ideas of those who lack the

means of mental production are subject to it

(Marx, German Ideology)


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society assumption


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media assumptions

Mass media owned by bourgeois classMedia operated in their class interest

Media promote working-class false

consciousness

Media access denied to political opposition


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media assumption

the media are seen as part of an ideologicalarena in which various class views are foughtout, although within the context of thedominance of certain classes

ultimate control is increasingly concentratedin monopoly capital

media professionals, while enjoying theillusion of autonomy, are socialized into and

internalize the norms of the dominant culture


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media assumption

the media taken as a whole, relay interpretiveframeworks consonant with the interests ofthe dominant classes

and media audiences, while sometimes

negotiating and contesting these frameworks,lack ready access to alternative meaningsystems that would enable them to reject thedefinitions offered by the media


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pluralist vs marxist

Pluralist

Societal: competing interest

and groups

Media: many andindependent each other

Production: creative, free,

original

Content: diverse andcompeting, responsive to

audience demand

Marxist

Societal: ruling class or elite

Uniform and underconcentrated ownership

Standardized, routinized,

controlled

Selective and decided fromabove


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pluralist vs marxist

Pluralist

Professionals:independence andautonomous

Audience: fragmented,selective, reactive & active

Effects: numerous withoutconsistency or predictabilityof direction, but often noeffect

Keywords:democracy,liberalism

Marxist

illusion of autonomy,socialized into andinternalize the norms of the

dominant culture Dependent, passive,

organized on large scale,lack of access

Strong and confirmative ofestablished social order

Keywords: domination


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quote

Bahwa ketidakadilan dari kapitalisme harusdirubah dan dunia seharusnya menjadi

tempat yang lebih baik jika kita dapat

merubahnya(Fiske, 1994)


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karakteristik perspektif marxis

media sebagai alat produksi semata-mata menyebarkan ide dan pandangan

kelas berkuasa serta menolak atau menjinakkan

ide-ide alternatif

berfungsi memproduksi kesadaran palsu kelas

pekerja.

memproduksi ekspresi tunggal yg mengabaikan

kemungkinan pembacaan oposisional dari audiens


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ideologyposisi ideologis merupakan fungsi posisi kelas, dan

ideologi dominan di masyarakat adalah ideologi

dari kelas yg dominan

kesadaran palsu bagi kelas marjinal


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penguat dominasi institusi media terkunci di dalam struktur

kekuasaan

media bertindak sebagai tandem dari institusidominan di masyarakat

mereproduksi pandangan dominan sebagai pusat,

jelas, dan natural


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pembentukan subjekpembentukan subjek dengan memalsukan kondisi

eksistensi mereka

individu dibentuk sebagai pembawa suatu posisimelalui efek relasi sosial


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pendekatan marxis/kritis

structuralist approach - where the emphasis ison the 'internal articulation of the signifying

systems of the media'


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political economy approach - who see thepower of the media as located in the

economic processes underlying media

production.


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culturalist approach emphasizes the actualexperience of sub-groups in society and

contextualizes the media within a society

which is seen as 'a complex expressive totality

Documents

Media Studies Salman3 Marxist