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Media
Media Functions
90% of Americans receive information from TV
Entertainment-some TV has made political issues-AIDS, incest, spousal abuse
Media Functions
Reporting the News-most important function of all mass media
Media Functions
Identifying public problems-determines what the government ought to do
Public agenda-issues that are perceived by member of the political community as meriting public attention and government action
Media Functions
Socializing new generations-instruct people on the historical values of the society
Providing a political forum-use the media to sustain interest in campaigns
Make money
History of the media
Media was difficult at 1st because of the lack of technology
3000 newspapers in 1860-concentrated on crimes and scandals
Mass Readership
Inventions led to mass readership High speed rotary press telegraph
Popular press/Yellow Journalism
At the turn of the century publishers allowed editors to engage in yellow journalism-sensational, irresponsible journalism
A person personal activities became front page news
Still around today The Star National Enquirer
The Age of the Electromagnetic signal
Nov. 2, 1920-KDKA Pittsburgh had the 1st radio program that featured political returns
By 1924 there were 1,400 radio stations
NBC radio started on Nov. 15, 1926-network broadcasting became a reality
Revolution of the Electronic Media
The advent of pay TV/Cable TV/Subscription TV/ Satellite TV and the internet have completely changed the electronic landscape
Narrowcasting-broadcasting targeted to 1 small sector of the population
Electronic Media
Between 1982-1997-network TV viewership dropped from 72% to 53%
Internet grew from 0% to 40% during the same period
Talk Show politics
In 1997 there were 24 national TV talk shows
1998-2000 Talk radio programs
TV
TV is the most influential medium
1963-11 minutes dedicated to news
1998-3 hours dedicated to news
CNN became the 1st all news 24 hr TV network
TV
TV is attractive because it relies on pictures rather than words
TV is satisfied with the sound bite-several second comment selected or crafted for its immediate impact on the viewer
Media and Political Campaigns
All forms of the media have an impact on American society
3 types of TV coverage in campaigns
Advertising Management of the news coverage
Spin-an interpretation of campaign events or election results that is most favorable to the candidates campaign strategy
Spin doctor-political advisor who tries to convince journalists of the truth of particular interpretations of events
3 types
Debates
Media and the Government
Because the president is so important there is a White House Press Corp-group of reporters that follow the every move of the president
Press Secretary
Press secretary-person responsible for representing the White House before the media
Press and public agenda
The media plays an important role in setting public agenda
The media help determine to a significant extent the policy issues that need attention
FCC
FCC-regulates communication by radio, television, wire and cable
The # of radio stations has been controlled for many years
Media controlling themselves
The National Association of Broadcasters put together a code of ethics and conduct Calling an election
Citizens and media
Citizens have the right to media access
Bias
The media is to report the news/events and keep bias out of the broadcast