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The Acta Diurna◆ Translation: (“Daily Events”) in Latin
● Considered the forerunner of newspapers
◆ Location/Time Period: Ancient Rome around 59 B.C.
◆ Launched by: Julius Caesar
◆ Purpose: to keep the empire informed
◆ Characteristics: daily newsletters carved on stone or metal & posted in public
places around Rome
● With only one newsletter/day created, it was up to the readers to recopy the information by
hand and distribute it
The Acta Diurna (cont’d)◆ Content: summary of current events such as:
○ Law reports, human interest stories, holidays, religious festivals, and announcements of
important births, deaths, marriages and divorces
◆ Wealthy citizens: sent scribes to the forum with a stylus and a wax tablet to
jot down items of interest from the newsletter
● News items could then be copied onto papyrus rolls and sent to friends
outside the city
○ → This medium relied heavily on social distribution to reach a wide audience
The Ti Pao● Translation: (“Reports from official residents”)
○ Also known as “palace reports” or “imperial bulletins”
● Location/Time Period: Ancient China
○ Sometime between Han Dynasty (206 BCE--220 CE) and Tang Dynasty (618--907 CE)
● Launched by: government officials
● Purpose: to inform the aristocracy on court politics and gov’t affairs
● How It Was Printed: wooden blocks
Fugger Newsletter● Handwritten newsletter in Europe during 16th century
● Commercial-based
● Post-newsletter Developments:
○ Postal Systems
○ News periodicals
■ Broadsides
■ Newsbooks
Corantos● Weekly basis in early 17th century
● Post masters = reporters for them
● Small press runs on “safe” foreign news
○ Thirty Years Wars stimulated interest in reading Corantos
Daily Newspapers● First English Daily -
○ Samuel Buckley’s (Elizabeth Mallet) Daily Courant (1702)
● By 1750, London has multiple daily, weekly newspapers
● 10 readers per copy sold
Florida Today Newspaper History● Date Invented/Location: March 21, 1966 near NASA headquarters in FL.
● Created By: The Gannett Company
○ Was the company’s first newspaper
○ Originally dubbed as “Florida’s Space Age Newspaper.”
○ Eventually redesigned to emphasize state and local news
● Primary Audience: Major daily newspaper serving Brevard County
● Circulation: 42,634 (Daily) & 80,656 (Sunday)
○ 1st two weeks of newspapers life - delivered papers at no cost to all residences in Brevard County
○ 1st newspaper to win the National Newspaper Association general excellence award for 2
consecutive years
Florida Today Costs: Then and Now● Then: free - 20 cents (varies depending on newspaper)
● Today:
○ Main edition: $1.25/issue
○ Sunday edition: $3.50/issue
■ Home Delivery Subscription: ($6.89--$12.89/mo)
● Includes print edition, e-newsletter edition, 24/7 website access, all smartphone/tablet
apps
■ Online Subscription: ($19/year)
● Includes e-newsletter edition, 24/7 website access, all smartphone/tablet apps
The Significance of Florida Today● Tested several distinguishing features that would eventually appear in the
company’s most successful national newspaper--the USA Today:
○ Clearly organized format
○ Page-one-left-column summary of the day’s news
○ Heavy use of color
○ Tons of photographs
○ Detailed weather reports
Background of USA Today● Date Invented/Location: September 15, 1982
● Created By: Al Neuharth of the Gannett Company
● Targeted Audience: “news-in-a-nutshell” people
○ People that don’t want to spend a lot of time reading, but who want to know the headlines
● Costs Per Issue Then/Now: 60 cents ; $2
● Print subscription cost: ($25--$225)
● Online subscription cost: ($9.99--$99)
● Circulation: 978,037
○ Tied with the other 2 leading newspapers in nation: Wall Street Journal & NY Times
● # of Mobile App Downloads: 22 million+
The Significance of the USA Today:How Was It Different From Other Newspapers?
● Provided more news about more subjects in less time
● Content Features:
○ Loaded with color
○ Brief and easy-to-read stories
○ Many graphics and charts
○ Detailed report on sports, TV, weather
○ Summarized news every day from every state
● These features captured most important points of a story
Impact of Newspapers on Mass Communication
● Increased literacy rates
● Spread news faster and to a larger audience
● Fostered sociability
● Created newspaper syndicates (newspapers that agree to share same stories)
Sources:● http://www.britannica.com/topic/publishing/Newspaper-publishing#toc28656
● http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/13/books/books-of-the-times-news-from-acta-diurna-to-modern-media.ht
ml
● http://www.huffingtonpost.com/tom-standage/the-forgotten-history-of-_b_4101330.html
● http://www.floridatoday.com/news/
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Florida_Today
● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dibao_(ancient_Chinese_gazette)#cite_ref-if30_2-0
● https://gannett.investorhq.businesswire.com/sites/gannett.investorhq.businesswire.com/files/doc_library/file
/105721-Annual_Report.pdf
● https://books.google.com/books?id=QDaax4mFMpcC&pg=PA134&lpg=PA134&dq=Did+the+Gannett+Cor
poration+use+the+Florida+Today+newspaper+to+develop+USA+Today&source=bl&ots=siT7b8ts3c&sig=I
Lv7cWZO5M00MyG2erOvFyIBoAQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjs99qSz6rMAhXpvoMKHb6BAl8Q6A
EIWjAJ#v=onepage&q=Did%20the%20Gannett%20Corporation%20use%20the%20Florida%20Today%20
newspaper%20to%20develop%20USA%20Today&f=false