Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, May/June 2010

MechanicalMeasurementsandMetrology

Time: 3 hrs. Max. Marks:100

Note: Answer any FIVE full questions, selectingat least TWO questions from each part'

O6ME42B

(06 Marks)

(09 Marks)

(05 Marks)

(12 Marks)(04 Marks)

(04 Marks)

(05 Marks)

Explain the inherent(08 Marks)(06 Marks)(06 Marks)

(06 Marks)(08 Marks)(06 Marks)

(08 Marks)(08 Marks)(04 Marks)

qiooc,

d

a

€ostc)

3R9p=;'Ho

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ao"c0p.HNdrf

9ilotr€gtr'io>3e4(d

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1 a. What is metrology? State its obj.",rffib. Define the following:

i) Line standard ii)-End standard iii) Waveleneth s]an{1{t ^c. What is wringing? Buitd the following dimensions usirg M-112 set:

i) 33.4s65 ii) 87.102s.

2a.b.c.

Distinguish between tolerance and allowance. 04 Marks)

Explai-ntheprincip1esofinterchangeabilityandselectiveassemblyOrirr-i"" tire a"toat dimensions for a hole-shaft pair designated -x Z8,Hilfy. Dimension 28

falls in the range of 18 to 30 mm. Fundamental deviationior f shaft is -5.5D0'al,ITt= l6i*a n* :2li.folerance unit i:0.45(D)r/3 + 0.001D (microns). (10 Marks)

3a.

b.c.

Sketch and explain the following comparators:

i) Zeiss optimeter ii) Solex comparators'

With a neat figure, explain the principle of sine bar'

Build the following angles:

i) 49' 36', 48 ii) 35' 32', 36"

PART _ B

With a suitable example, explain the generalized measurement slstem.

4 a. Explain how the straightness can be measured by using an autocollimator' (08 Mar*s)

b. expUin the 3 wire method of measuring the effective diameter of a screw thread' (0E Marks)

c. Briifly explain the working of a tool-maker's miuoscope. (04 Marks)

5a.b.

c.

6a.

b.c.

7a.b.c.

8a.b.c.

Define the following terms:i) Accgracy ii) Precision iii) Calibration iv) Hysteresis. (08 Marks)

Witf, u blotk diagram, distinguish betrveen primary and secondary transducers. (06 Marks)

what is the requirement of an intermediate modiffing device?

problems, with a mechanical system.With a neat figure, explain the ballast circuit.Explain the working of a CRO.

Sketch and explain the working of a platfolm balance,

With a neat figure, explain the prony brake dynamometer.

Discuss the working of Mcleod gauge-

What is a thermocouple? State and explain the laws of thermocouple.

Discuss the construction and working of an optical pyrometer.

What is a strain gauge?

***+*

5

t1

Time:3 hrs.

FourthSemesterB.E.DegreeExamination,Dec.0TlJan.08Metrology and Measurements

Max Marks:100

TP42B

least(04 Marks)

(06 Marks)

(06 Marks)

la.bc

Noteztr.AnsweranyF|VEfuttquestionschoosingutleastTWoquestions from each Part'

2. Draw nnit ,kut"hes wherever required'

Define Metrology' Listout the objectives of metrology' r ---r ^+^.^r^*re (05 Marks)

What are the advantaglt "f *rt.iength standard over line and end standard? (05 Marks)

A M - 112 slip gu.rg. set consists of the following gauges'

Range ln mm Steps in mm Number of Pieces

1.001 - 1.009 0.001 9

1.010 - 1.490 0.010 49

0.50 - 24.50 0.50 49

25 - 100 25 4

1.0005 iTotal 1 12 pieces

'|oLq.

b.

C.

Using the above set of siip gauges buiid - up the follorving dimensions' rvith

n.,.ni., of siip gauges' if 29'975 mm ii) 101'005 mm

d. Define the follJri'irig : i; Tolerance ii) Fits iii) Limits

Definethefollou.ing:i)Fundamentaldeviationii)Basicholeiii)Basicshaft.(o0Marks)\\rhat are limit gaugestHo* they are classified? . L- t^-:--^r1:*;r

(04 Marks)

State minimrr.r, una *uximum material condition with respect to design of limit *ftXtitrrur,

d. calculate the limits of tolerance and allowance for a shaft and hole pair designated by 30

Hz hs'Given i) 30 mm lies in steps of 18mm and 30mm'

ii) Standard tolerance I:0'45 (ry5) -i- 0'001D"

iii)IT7 : 16r, and IT8 :25i'Use conect units. Also sketch the tolerance zones and allowance'

a. What are Comparators? How they are classified? r ,-1 :.^ ^1^^-r,, (05 Marks)

b. Describe *itf, u n.ui sketch a mechanical comparator and explain clearly the method of

magnificationadoptedinit' i ., -c

--..t-:^*^r^r\/r\-r (07Marks)

c. Briefly explain ,riit, u neat sketch the principle of working of a LVDT' (04 Marks)

d.Explainhowarir.Uurmaybeemployedtodeterminetheangleofataperedbar'104Marks)

a. What is meant by "Best Size Wire"? Derive an expression for the same' (06 Marks)

b.Whatismeantbyeffectivediameterofascrewthread?Explainwithaneatsketchhowthesame can be measured using three wire method'

-r ^ ^-,-- ^ (08 Marks)

c. Explain with a neat sketch ih. -.ur*ement of chordal thickness of a spur gear tooth using(06 Marks)

a vemier caliPer. I of Z

=1

5a.b.

TP4ZB

PART B . MEASUREMENTS

Define measurement and measurement system with an example for each. (04 Marks)With the help of a block diagram, show the three stages of a generalized measurementsystern. Atrso explain the function of each stage. (06 Marks)

c. What is a tansducer? Explain with an example the meaning of primary and secondary

d.

a.

b.

transducer.What are the disadvantages of a mechanical transducer?

How are intermediate modifuing devices classified?associated with mechanical modifuing devices.What is meant by an input circuitry? Explain withTelemetry.

a. Explain with aneat diagram a light beam

(07 Marks)(03 Marks)

What are the inherent problems(05 Marks)

a block diagram the concept of(07 Marks)

oscillograph (construction and working).(08 Marks)

(06 Marks)Absolute pressure

sketch the relation(08 Marks)(06 Marks)

(20 Marks)

7a.b.

What is a Thersrocouple? State and explain the lav;s of Thermocouple.Define the following : i) Static pressure ii) Dynamic pressure iii)iv) Gauge pressure v) Vacuum vi) Atmospheric pressure. Alsoamcrlg (iii), (iv), (v), and (vi).

c. Explain with a neat sketch, the working of a Mcleod gauge.

Write short notes on four of the following :

a. Mounting of Strain gauges.

b. Gauge factor.c. Wheat stone bridge.d. Autocollimator.e. HydraulicDynamometer.f. Analytical balance.

****rr

2 ofZ

@Page No...1 IP42B

USN

NEW SCHEME

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July 2007AU/IP/tM/ME/MA

Metrology and MeasurementsTime: 3 hrs.l [Max. Marks:100

lYote z Answer any FIYE full questions choosing at leust TWO

fall questions from each Part.

PART A

L a. Discuss the advantages of using wave length standard as basic unit to define primary

standard of length. (04 Marks)

b. Explain with an illustration. how end standards can be derived from trine standards.(10 Marks)

c. Three 100 mm end bars are measured using a Brooke's level comparator by first

wringing thein together and comparing with a 300 mm bar and then inter comparing

them. The 300 mm bar has a known eror of + 42ptm and the three bars together

measure 64prrn iess than the 300mm bar. Bar A is 18ptm longer than bar B and

23 ytm longer than bar C. Find the actual length of the bar. (06 Marks)

a. State and explain Taylor's principle for the design of limit gauges. (04 Marks)

b. A fit is designated by 60 H8/C8. 60mm basic size lies in the diameter range 50mm

to 80mm. Upper deviation of the shaft C = -(95 + 0.8D) pm, IT8 : 25i, where

i:0.45i/5-+0.001D. Sketch the fit and showthese uponthe actual dimensions ofhole and shaft. (Io Marks)

c. With an example each, briefly explain the three tlpes of fit. (06 Marks)

3 a. What is a comparator? How does it differ from a rneasuring device? (06 Marks)

b. Sketch and explain any two devices (using eiastic members) for amplifting linear

movement in mechanical comparators that do not require bearings. (06 Marks)

c. With a neat diagram, explain the principle of working of tr VDT. (08 Marks)

a. With the help of a neat sketch, explain the use of a sine center. (08 Marks)

b. Define effective diameter of a screw thread. Explain how the 2-wire method could

be used for measuring the effective diameter of a screw. (08 Marks)

c. Write a note on interferometry. (04 Marks)

PART B

5 a. Define the following : i) accuracy, ii) precision, iii) sensitivity, and iv) speed ofresponse. Give examples for each. (08 Marks)

b. Define error in measurement. Give a classification of errors. (04 Marks)

c. With the help of a block diagram, explain the three stages of a generalized

rneastlrefllent system. (08 Marks)

Contd...2

Page No...2

b.

Write short notes on the following :

a. Optical pyrometer.b. Pronybrake.c. Bridgeman gauge.

d. Preparation and mounting of strain gauges.

c.

a.

IP42B

What is a transducer? List the advantages of electrical transducers over mechanical

transducers , (08 Marks)

Explain with a neat sketch, the construction and working of a cathode ray

oscilloscope. (oE Marks)

Write a note on X-Y plotters. (04 Marks)

With a neat sketch, explain how strain in a machine element subjected to tensile load

can be measured using electrical resistance strain gauges. Use a compensation gauge

also. (10 Marks)

What is a thermo couple? With a schematic diagram, explain how a thermo couple

can be used to measure the metal cutting temperature on a lathe. (10 Marks)b.

(20 Marks)

,r*rtrr*

\

Page No... 1

NEW SCHEME

USN

IP42B

lMax.Marks : 1OO

(10 Marks)

(6 Marks)

Fourth semester B.E. Degree Examination, july/August 2004

Common to ME/IP/IM/MA/AUMetrology and Measurements

Time: 3 hrs.I

Note: L. Ansuter FIVE full questions choosing at leasttwo questions from each part.

2. Drazn neat sketches zuith pencil wheneoer required.

PART - A1. (a) Distinguish between line standard and end standards. Give examples of these

two types of standard (5 Marks)

(b) Discuss the need of har.,ing light wave as standard of measurement. (4 Marks)

(c) Write a brief note on the manufacture of slip gauges. (5 Marks)

(d) Build up a dimension of 78.3667 mm using M1,12 set slip gauges. (5 Marks)

2. (a) Explain brieflv the difference between the interchangeable manufacture andselective assembly. (4 Marks)

(b) Determine the tolerances on the hole and the shaft for a precision running fitdesignated by 50H7 /96. You may use the following aid for solving the problem.

i) 50 mm lies bet'iveen 30-50mm

ii) i : 0.46(D)1/, + O.0A7D(rni,uon,s)

iii) Fundamental deviation for 4 hole = 0

iv) Fundamental deviation for g shaft =-2.5 D0.s4 microns.

v) ITT :16i,vi) ITG :7Ai.Give the detailed classification of plain gauges.

Mention a few basic requirements of a comparation for general workshop work.(4 Marks)

Describe any one of the available mechanical comparators. How will you distin-guish between mechanical and optical-mechanical comparators.

(10 Marks)

Explain the working principle of solex pneumatic gauge with sketch. (5 Marks)

Explain with neat diagram the working principle of N.P.L flatness interferometer.(8 Marks)

Describe the working of a vernier bevel protractor with a neat sketch. (6 Marks)

How effective diameter of screw thread is measured using 3-wire method. Giveset up for the above one. (G Marks)

Contd.... 2

(c)

3. (a)

(b)

(c)

4. (u)

(b)

(c)

Page

PART - B

;t* * **

system. Give examPles'

instrument

IP42B

{5 Mrrks}

(2x4=6 Marks)

the factors(7 Maiks)

(4 Marks)

(4 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(6 Marks)

pyrometer' (6 Marks)

in terms of Poisson's(5 ]r{arks)

(2 Marks)

5. (al

(b)

Explain

Explain

the

the

generalised measurement

follow'ing with resPect to

i) Sen-sitivitir ii) threshold

iii) hysteresis iv) loading ef{ect

(c)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

(a)

(b)

(c)

Give the detailiciassification of

iesponsible for the above errors'

Differentiate betrveen active and

errors in measuiement'& also state

passive transducers "'t'ith examples'

transducers over other transducers'6.

State the advantages of electrical

ces in instrumentation'State few intermediate modifying devir

thernrocouPle'

T;lit: r,:XJ Explain the working principle or opticai

Derive the expression for the gauge factor of the strain gauges

ratio.

(d) State different tlpes of strain gauges'

Write a note on telemetrY'' & give its aPPlication (8 N{arks)

Expiain the working principle of CRO

where Pirani gauge is used and give the working urinciple with sketch' (6 Marks)

Explain in detail the -working principie of hyd'raulic dynamometers which t il:i]

foi torque nreasurement'

8. (a)

(b)

(c)

I

I

IrIr'I

Y

Page.S/o... I

2. (a)

(b)

(c)

3. (a)

4. (a)

ft,)

USN

ME4O

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, JanuarylF ebruary 2004

Mechanical Engineering

MetroloEy and InstruneentationTime: 3 hrs.l lMax.Marks : lOO

Note: 7. Answer a,ny FwE fall q.uestions.2. All questions cclrry equal ma.rhs.3. Shetches showld be drawm. wh'ereaer neeessa,ry.

1. (a) Differentiate clearly between line and end stan<iards of measurement and giveexampies in each.

(b) Describe with a neat sketch, the constructional features of an "InternationalPrototype Meter" and explain what are Bessels points?

(c) A set of slip gauges with 87 pieces is available as given below :

Range Step No. of pieces

1.0005

1.001-1.009

1.01 - 1.49

0.5 - 9.5

10.0 - 90.0

0.CIO1

0.01

0.5

10

1

I49

19CT

Buiid the following dimensions by buiiding block procedure to choose exactnumber of slip gauges i) 29.758mm ii) 46.535mm. (4+8+8=20Marks)

Define the following terms :

i) Limits ii) Tolerances iii) Fit and iv) Deviation.

Name and explain briefly the different t;,pes of frt as per BIS and show themby neat schematic diagrams.

What are the systems of lirnits and fits? Explain briefly, which system isfollowed in India and why? (4+8+8=20 Marks)

A fit is indicated as 20H78. Determine all tire dimensions for the fit andname the type of fit. Given that, the tolerance unit i:0.45 " 1T -l-0.001,(microns), upper derivation for shaft t5pe 'f : -5.5D0'41, tolerance IT7=16i,IT8=25i, 20mm diameter lie in the diarneter step of 18 and 30. Represent thedimensions graphically.

What are inspection gauges? Draw neat sketches with all features of

i) Double ended plain plug gauge and

ii) Double ended plain snap gauge. (12+8=20 Marks)

What is a comparator? How does a comparator differ f?orrr ihu measuringinstrument?

Give a iist of various tlpes of cornparators.

(b)

Contd.... 2

Page No... 2 ME404working principle

(5+3+12=20 Marks)

(c) With the heip of a neat sketch, explain the construction andof a Johansion Microkator.

5. (a) Illustrate with neat sketches,

(c)

6. (a)

(b)

all the nomenclature of external and internalparaliel screw threads.

Draw a neat sketch of a tool makers microscope and explain briefly theconstruction and uses.

With a neat sketch show all the gear terminologies of a spur *?u*r=r, Marks)

What is measurement? What are the methods of, measurement? Mention thetwo conditions that a measuring standard should satisfy.

With the help of a neat block diagram, explain trriefly atrl the three stages of ageneralised measuring system.

(c) Define an error. How are errors classified? Give reasons for each type of errorduring measurement. (6+8+6=20 Marks)

7. (a) Define a transducer. Mention an;4 five mechanical and five electrical trans-ducers.

What are the advantages of electrical transducer elements over mechaniealtransducer elements?

With a neat sketch, explain the construction and working of an ionisationtransducer. (U+E+10=20 Marks)

ORWhat is a dynomometer? List all the types of dynamometers.

With a neat sketch, explain the working of a rope brake hydraulic dynomometer.

What do you mean by low pressure measurement? Explain with a neat sketchthe measurement of low pressure by Mc. load gauge. ( 4+6+10=2o Marks)

What is a thermocouple? State the laws of thermocouple.

tist various thermocouple materials used.

What is a strain gauge? Give a list of gauge configuration, grid material andbacking materials used. (6+4+10=20 Marks)

(b)

ILr{

I

1

t\II

i(,1

E

I

(b)

(c)

(a)

(b)

(c)

8. (a)

(b)

(c)

T

Page No... 1

Time: 3 hrs.I

Note:

USN

Fourth Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August 20OB

Mechanical Engineering

a't'--\

(-)ME4OY

(6 Marks)

(4 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(6 Marks)

Metrology and Instrumentation[Max'Marks : IOO

L. Ansuter any FwE full questions.2. Att questions carry equal marh*B. Neat shetches should be drawn whereoer necessary.

1. (a) With suitable examples explain line standard and end standard measurements.(4 Marks)

(b) What are airy points? How do they differ from the points of minimum defection.(6 Marks)

(c) Differentiate between

i) Tolerance and allowance

ii) HoIe basis system and shaft basis system.

(d) Explain Taylor's principle for the design of limit gauges.

2. b) Illustrate with examples

i) Geometrical tolerance

ii) Dimensionaltolerance

iii) Positional tolerance.

3. (a)

A shaft-hoie pair is designated as H7d8. The standard toierance is given by,-i :0.45 i/D + 0.001r, where D = Diameter (mm) falling in the step 18-30mm.

The fundamental deviation for frt d is given by -tODo'aa. Take wear allowance

as llVo of the gauge tolerance.

Determine the shaft and hole dimensions, their toierances clearance, interfer-ence and the class of fit. Sketch the fit and mark the dimensions clearly.

(14 Marks)

What is the difference between a comparator and a measuring instrument?

Sketch and label the parts ofa vernier bevel protractor.

Distinguish between

i) Sine bar and sine centre

ii) Angle gauges and slip gauges.

(4 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(d) Select the sizes ofangle gauges required

i) 37o2g'24tr ii! 1g2ogt 42t .

to build the following angles

(4 Marks)

Contd.... 2

ft)

(b)

(c)

Page I'{o... 2 ME404

4. (a) What are the various types of pitch errors on threads and explain the reasonsfor the same. (6 Marks)

(b) How do you find effective diameter of a srrew thread using trn o-wire method?(6 Marks)

(c) How do you measure the following in case of a spur gear

i) Runout ii) Tooth thickness iii) Back lash.

5. (a)

i) Hysteresis ii) Threshold

iii) Repeatability iv) Sensitivity clrif't.

6. (a) Explain with neat sketches the following

i) Prezo electric transducer

ii) Ionisationtransducer

(b) Explain with a neat sketch, theshafts using strain gauges.

(b)

(c)

Distinguish between :

i) Active and Passive Transducers

ii) Digital and Analog measurement

iii) Direct reading and nulI baiancing. (6 Marks)

Explain with an exarnple the various stages of a generalised measurementsystem. (8 Marks)

Expiain with sketches :

(8 Marks)

(10 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(4 Marks)

(4 Marks)

a strain(6 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(10 Marks)

method of torque measurement of rotating(10 Marks)

7. (a) Discuss briefly with sketches two types of elastic pressure transducers.(4 Marks)

(b)

(c)

8. (a)

ft)(c)

With neat sketches, explain the working principle of

i) Mcleod gauge ii) Knuolsm gauge.

With a neat sketch expiain bi-metal strip thermorneter.

With a neat sketch, explain resistance thermometer.

How do you calibrate the given strain gauge?

Enumerate the necessary precautions to be taken while mountinggauge on a test piece.

(d) What is temperature sensitivity? Explain how is it compensated.

*****

Pege No... 1

Reg. No.

ME40

(4 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(4 Marks)

(6 Marks)

Fourth Semester B.m. Degree Exarnination, JanuarylFebruary 2003

Mechanical EngineeringMetrolory and Instrumentation

Time: 3 hrs.l

Note: ,\nswer a,ny FIVE futt questions.

I". (a) What are protoctor gauges ? Explain.

(b) The slip gauge set M38 consists of the following :

lMax.Marks : 1OO

Range Steps Piece

1.005 1

1.01 - 1.09 0,01 I1.1 1q 0.1" I1.0 - 9.0 1.0 I

10.0 - 100.0 10.0 10

List the slip gauges to be wrung together to produce following dimensions:

i) 29.975 ii) 101.345

Describe the steps in wringing of slip gauges.

List and explain the different classes of fits as per BIS.

What are the allowances to be considered in the manufacturing of a gaugei(4 Marks)

Determine the actual dimensions to be provided for a shaft and hole of 90 mmsize for Ilsee type clearance fit. size 90 mm falls in diameter steps of 80 and

100. Value of tolerance unit, i:0.45tW) * 0.001 DVdlue of.tolerances for1T8 and IT9 grades are 25i and 40 i. Value of fundamental deviation for 'e'

type shaft it -11P0'+1.

Also design the GO and NO GO gauges as per the present British system inwhich the sarne workshop and in.spection gauges are used. (16 Marks)

3. (a) With neat sketches descrihe the construction and working of.a) Sigma comparameter b) Terminology irr gear tooth measurement and gear

tooth vernier. (20 Marks)

4. (a) Describe the S-wire method of measuring effective diameter of threads.(5 Marks)

What is best wire size ? Derive an expression fer the same. (5 Marks)

With a schematic diagram explain the working of photo-electric auto collimater.(10 Marks)

Contd.... 2

(c)

(d)

2. (a)

(b)

(b)

(c)

Ust its applications.

Page No... 2

5. (a) Explain the terms :

i) Precision

ii) Hysterisis

iii) RepeatabilitY

iv) Iaading effect

ME/X04

(8 Marks)

(6 Marke)

(1O Marks)

(10 Marks)

14yg=20 Marks)

6.

7.

8.

(b) Describe the errors mentioned below and suggest methods to avoid them.

i) Parallax error

ii) Baek lash error

(c) Describe the three stages of measurement with a suitable example. (6 Marks)

(a) With a neat sketch explain the working of a LVDT. (5 Marks)

(b) compare mechanical and electrical transducers. (6 Marke)

(c) Explain the working of proving ring. (5 Merks)

(d) What is the working principle of platform scale ? Explain. (5 Marke)

Describe the eonstruction, working and applications of the following

(a) Mcleod gauge

(b) Radiation $rrometer

Write notes on any FOUR.

(a) Interchangeability and selective assembly

(b) Tool makey's microscoPe

(c) Gear tooth micrometer

(d) Gauge factor

(e) Null balance method of strain measurement'

*{< * **

[.

(Pages : 2) ME-404FOIJ'RTH SEMESTER B.E. (MECHANICAL) DEGREE EXAMINATION

METROLOGY AIYD INSTRI.]MENTATION

Tirne : Three Hours Maximum : 100 Marks

Answer any five full questions.Answers must be to the Point onlY.

Suitable assumptions may be made for missing data stating the same clearly.

1. (a) State at ieast three important characteristics of line standard and end standard

instruments.(3+3=6marks)

(b) Give details of M-87 set 'dnd hence build the following dimensions :

(i) 49.3825.

(ii) 87.32t5.Q+2+2=6marks)

(c) Discuss in brief "hole based' and "shaft based" system of fits. Which is preferred.

whv ?

(6+1+1=Smarks)

Z. (a) Calculate all the relevant dimensions of 35}Jrlf, frt dim 35 falls in the step of

g0 - b0 mm. Fundamental deviation for "f'shaft is s $.$ po { So= 0.45 tE + 0'00 D.

IT' = 16 s' IT8 = 25 so' (10 marks)

(b) Design a suitable workshop standard plug gauge to check 35H2. Give complete

specification of gauge.(10 marks)

3" (a) Give details of classification of comparators. (6 marks)

(b) Sketch and explain in detail working of back pressure type pneumatic comparator.

(10 marks)

(c) Explain the working principle of auto collimator. (4 marks)

4. (a) Derive the expression for calculating chordal thickness and addendirm height ofspur gear.

(6 marks)

(b) aDerive

the expression for best site wire for 3 wire method. (6 marks)

(c) State the different types of errors in the gears. (4 marks)

(d) Sketch the block diagram of optical system of microscope. (4 marks)

E. (a) Define and state the signifrcance of following terms in measurement :

(i) Accuracy.

(iii) SensitivitY.

(b) Discuss with block diagram generalisedeach stage elements.

(ii) Precision.

(iv) Repeatability.(4x2=Smarks)

measurement system with examples for

(3 + 3 + 3 + 3 = L2 marks)

T\rrn over

6. (a) Give the detail classification of mechanical transducers with their applications. " \

(10 marks)

(b) Expiain in detail the working principle of LVDT. Draw the relevant characteristicvs. gurye.

7. (a) Explain the working principle of prooving ring.

(b) With the help of neat sketch explain the working principledynamometer.

(c) Explain the working and application of Mcleod gauge.

(d) List the instruments used for high pressure measurement.

(a) State and explain the laws of thermocouple.

(b) Explain the working of resistance thermometer.

(c) Write a brief note on total radiation p5rrometer.

(10 marks)

(4 marks)

of prony brake

(6 marks)

(6 marks)

(4 marks)

(6 marks)

(4 marks)

(10 marks)

8.

@\

Page -\-o.-" J ME404

Reg. No.

Four:th Semester B.E. Degree Examination, July/August zoozMechanical Engineering

Metrology and fnstrumentation

Time: 3 hrs.l [Max.Marks : l0O 'Note: 7. Answer crny FIVE fall questions.

2, Draw neat shetehes whereaer necessary.3. All questions ca,rry equal marhs.4. Answers must be brief a,nd to the point.

1. (a) Distinguish clearly between "Line Standards" and "End Standards". Giveexamples of the standards. (6 Marks)

(b) Build up a dimension of 35.4875mm using M112 slip gauge set. Provide apair of protector slips of 2.5mm thickness each at both ends in addition to thegauges given beiow :

Size Increment No. of pieces

L.005 NIL one

1.001 to 1".009 0.001 Nine

1.010 to 1.490 0.01 Forty rune

0.5 to 24.5 0.5 Fortv nine

25 to 100 25 Four

TOTAL 112 pieces

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(6 Marks)

(c) Explain TAYLOR's principle of limit gauging and explain the variations fromTAYLOR's principle. (E Marks)

(d) List out any three disadvantages of material standards.

2. (a) Determine the tolerances on the hole and the shaft for a precision running fitdesignated by SAH7ga; given

i) 50mm lies between 30-50mm

ii) i : a.45(D)tls + 0.0otDpriii) for H hole, f.d=0

iv) F.D for g shaft * -2.5p0's+State the actual maximum and minimum size of the hole and shaft andmaximum and minimum clearances. $zMarks)

(b) What is 'ointerchangeability"? List out the advantages of interchangeabiiity.(4 Marks)

(c) Explain what you understand by "seiective Assembly". what are thecharacteristics of' "Selective Assembly"?

(4 Marks)

Contd..,, 2

(3 Marks)

Page I{a... 2 n/tr8404S. (a) Explain, with a neat sketch, the working of a "Solex Pneumatic Compar.ator".

(10 Marks)(b) \\rith a neat sketch, explain how an optical level protractor works. (5 Marks)

(c) Define precisely the following terms rnith respect to screw threads.i) Axis of the thread ii) Crest of the thread iii) Root of the thread iv)Pitch and v) Lead. tE Nrarks)

4. (a) Explain, \t.ith a schematic diagram, the method of measuring the major diameterof a screw thread using bench micrometer.

(6 Marks)(b) With a neat sketch, explain the construction of a tool maker's microscope.

What are its applications?(9 Marhs)

(c) With the help of a neat sketch, explain the method of determining the chordaithickness of a gear tooth using vernier gear tooth caliper. (E Marks)

5" (a) Strhat is measurement? What are the requirements of an ideal measurementsYstem? (2+3 lvlarks)

What are the fundamental methods of measurement? Explain with examples.(l+2+2 Marks)

How are errors ciassified? Explain each type with examples. Indicate theremedial actions to be taken. (2+4+4warks)

Dr:fine'Transfer Efficiencv'

(b)

(c)

(a)

(b)

(c)

(cl)

(a)"7

(1 Marks)

List the advantages of electricai transducers over mechanical transducers.(3 Marks)

List out six mechanical transducing elements and mention the transducingaction they perfbrm. (6 Marks)

With a neat sketch, explain the working of LVDT.

trxplain the working of a prony brake dynamometers, rvithsketch"

(10 Marks)

the help of a neat(8 Marks)

(b) Explain hor'v a tsridgernan gauge is used to measure ilressures. Whai, are itslinritations? ---'i* Marksi

(c) Expiain the working of a device used to measure high temperatures. (4 Marks)

(a) Wtrat are the steps to be taken in the preparation of the specimen and mountirigof strain gauges. (6 Marks)

(b) Discuss the problems associated with strain gauge instaliaiions. (6 Marks)

(c) Draw a neat diagram of a simple resistance bridge arrangement for strainmeasurenrent.

(4 Marks)(d) Differentiate between Null l:alance and deflection method of operation of bridgecircuit" (4 Marks)

** * :h*

PrW: No... I

Reg. No.

ME404 0

Fonrth semester B.E. Degree Examination, February 2oa?Meehanical Engineering

Metrology and Instrumentation

Time: 3 hrs.] [Max.Marks : IOO

Note: Ansuer any FIVE full questions.Ansuers must be to the point only.Suitable assumptions may be mide for missing data statingthe same clearly.

1. (a) What do you understand by line and end standards? Discuss their relativecharacteristics. (6 Marks)

(b) Enumerate the advantages of using wavelengtJr standard as a basic unit todefine primary standards (B Marks)

(c) E:<plain the NPL method of deriving end standards from line standards.

(c) Determine the type of fit, after decidlng the fundamentaltolerances in the following.

Fit $70Hs.e7, Diameter step (SO - gO)

Fundamental deviation for e shaft = - 11 pl,a\IT7 : t6d ITs :49;i:0.45 l/D +0.001D

3' (a) Calculate the dimensions of pl_ygand ring gauges to control the production of5o mm shaft and hole pair of Hida. te rii-towilng assumptions may be made.5O mm falls in the diameter step of 30 - 5O mm. "upp.r airriatiooldr .,d,, shafti" -16p0.44. IT7 : !9,i, ITs - )gi, i :0.45}D +0.001D.

(b) What is the difference between unilateral and bilateral tolerances? whyunilateral tolerance is preferred over bilateral tolerance? (6 Marks)

deviations and(9 Marks)

4. (a)

(b)

(d) What are Airy points?

2. (a) E>plain what is meant byi) Interchangeable part.

ii) Universal interchangeability.iii) Iocal interchangeability.

Explain with a neat sketch the principle of working of Johansson Mikrokator.(6 Marks)

Dqplain why it is preferred not to use a sine bar for generating angles larger

(8 Marks)

(3 Marks)

(6 Marks)

(1O Marks)

(4 Marks)

(5 Marks)

to build the following angle. Show

(5 Marks)

Contd..". 2

(b)

(c)

What are the required characteristics of comparators?

than 450 if high accuracy is desired.

Select the sizes of angle gauges requiredthe arrangement of gauges.

i) 57og4rgtr ii) 12o21t36r

ME4O4,

(c) What are the two corrections applied in the measurernent of effecti'iediameter by the method of wires? (5 Mcrks)

Descrlbe a gear tooth-vernier caliper and show how thLis is used for checkinggears. ($ Marks)

What do you mean by static calibration? Sketch the calibration curve ,ri"?tlt

instrument and oqplaln how it is obtained' (6 Marks)

E>rplain the following:

i) Zero drift and sensitivity drift.

2

(d)

5. (a)

(b)

(c)

6. (a)

(b)

(q)

7. (a)

(b)

(c)

(d)

8. (a)

ii) Threshold, Resolution and Hysteresis'

What are the sources of errors in' instruments? Explain'

Define the word Transducer' lNhat elo you underst'and by active and pa"ssi';:

transducers? Give examples. (S Ivtarks)

Explain the following with neat skr:tches.

i) Mutual inductance transducer.,{10 Marksiii) Piezo electric transducer.

E4plain any one type of elastic tfansducer with a neat sketch. (Fr Mark*

E4plain the working and application of a Bridgeman gauge. i6 *Iarks'}

(8 Marks)

{6 Mar.ks}

{3 Marhs)

Explain with a neat sketch the analylical balance' {5 Maris)

with the heip of a neat sketch explain the working of a plony brake Jynairlo-meter. (6 Marksl

Write a note on h5ldraulic dynamometers.

E>qplain with respect to strain gauges

i) Cross sensitivitY.

ii) Temperature compensation'

iii) Positioning of gauges to measure torsional strain. (e trla':rhsi

(b) Write a note on bonding materials of strain gauges' (5 Mar:hs!

(c) Write a note on thermocouple materials and some forms of therrnoco;lple(6 Marks'tconstruction.

*****

EL.-.---

-Try NO,,. 1

Fourth Semester

,,,

Reg. No"

n4E 404 0B.E. Degree Examination, August ZOOIMeehanical Engineering

Time: B hrs.l Metrology and Instrumer*tation

Note: j. answe, .1ry FInE full questions. lMax.Marks : 1002. All questions caruy ,q;{;;;kr:.J. rflear sketches tnoLla=i" iiu*"'*hrr"u* necessary.1. (a) Describe with neat sketches :

(i) imperial stanclard yard (ii) International prototype metre(b) Describ. t.L. procedure for wringing of slio ;;;":;:':'^"^'^,. (ro Marks)

M-87. build rip trr. rrri"ving dimensions ^ gauges' using a shp gauge seti) 29.758mm and (ii) 46.635mm

z. (a) Illustrate the principle of Go_No,Go gauge" ,ro Merks)

trr)oe"'.U*HE,#r%;?"?ffi f"r]filr€i*T.i"checkeomponen."n";:#;:

25 mm falls in the diameter step of 18 and 30 upper deviation for,fshaft = ,q..5Dr.r, and i(microns) = O.4S {/Dshow all the rr"""""i#c?jcutation + 0.001r, where D is in mm,(lS Marks)3' (')

"#;fS,".Hf.,.3, Jffi#ff.t"n the construction and working or[b) Describe the procedure to verifu thc *a^^* ^- i, -

(ro traarks)sin e c e ntr. uLo ;i,p;ffi .'":'ifl"lm jT,iif,it i 3,1,111ffi

pl u g ga u ge *:n54' n'

#"#,:i%["]J{ a screw thread measured and what are the different types(b) Iilustrate the use of gear tooth vernier calriper to measur:e tooth ,"[lH::]5' (a) ,what do you understand bv the fnllnrr"i-^ +^___ tro ni"r-i")

(i) ii;p e;;urutv' lil "i;;"y{,,1}. frf "#tfl Ti,if;., ",, (iv) Hys t e ri si stb) Expiain with an example the three stages of a generalized measurement

(1O Marks)6' n' #;fl1ffi#':i"i"ffi?: sketch the construction and working of a erectronic

[b) what is a pneumatic load ceit? Explain (lo Marks)

{t0 Marks)7. (a) Describe with a neat sketch Mclpnrt \ro^,rr,* r-;m*,n"*principre"r,n.X""T;XI:HTfil?;;tethe.ppri"utl['-;

(1O Marks)8' (a) Describe the process of preparation a,d mounting of strain guages.(b) Exptain (i) Calibration of strain gauges (ii) Temperature

""*O.r,Jl,H_,** t ** (lo Marks)

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