Upload
others
View
1
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
NAME _____________________________ PER__
NATURE OF SCIENCE AND EVOLUTION HW PACKET
INCLUDED IN PACKETPoints Score ( STAMPS)
Language of Science 4
Meaningful Measurments 5
Evolution Survey 2
Cladogram Activity WS 6
Test Review 10
What am I 3
INTERACTIVE NOTEBOOK
Reflections (BILL) 20
Quiz Corrections 5
Sort (Know/ Don’t Know) 3
Lab Skills- Lab Write up 2
Sort—Science is/ is not 2
Lab Equipment 101 3
Total 65
STANDARD 8 AND 11 SUMMATIVE ASSESSMENTS (Not in Packet)
ASSIGNMENTPoint
s
Due Date
Test 100
Lab- Scientific Method 20
Lab- Evolution of SkittleFish 30
THE LANGUAGE OF
The main reason students find it difficult to understand science is because of all the hard to write, spell and read words. Actually, scientific vocabulary is a hodge podge of little words
that are linked together to have different meanings. If you learn the meanings of the little words, you'll find scientific vocabulary much easier to understand.
WORD MEANINGa or an not or non
aero needing oxygen or air
amphi both, doubly
andro masculine
anti against
aqua water
arthro joint
auto self
bi two, twice, double
bio life, living
chloro green
chromo color
cide killer, kill, killing
cyto cell
derm skin
di two, double
ecto (exo) outer, external
endo inside, inner
epi above
eu TRUE
gam,gamo marriage, sexual
gastro stomach
gen, genos race, kind
genesis origin, beginning
hemo blood
herba plants
hetero different
homo alike, similar
hydro water
WORD MEANING
hyper above, beyond
hypo below, under
intra within, inside
itis disease, inflammation
karyote nucleus
lateral side
logy study of
lys break down
macro large
meso middle
meter measurement
micro small
mitos thread
mono one, single
morph form
multi many
philia like
phobia dislike, fear
photo light
pod foot
poly many
pro at the start
proto first
sub lesser, below
synthesis to make
therm heat
troph eat, consume
zoo, zoa animal
USE THE LIST TO GUESS THE MEANING OF EACH OF THE FOLLOWING TERMS
1. Hydrology
2. Cytology
3. Protozoa
4. Epidermis
5. Spermatogenesis
6. Cytoskeleton
7. Abiotic
8. Dermatitis
9. Hypodermic
10. Hemophilia
11. Endocystosis
12. Insecticide
13. Anaerobic
14. Bilateral
15. Endotherm
16. Subspecies
17. Arthropod
18. Micrometer
19. Hypothermia
20. Eukaryotic
YOU TRY IT!!!!
Create your own words using a combination of the word parts and tell me what they mean!!
21. _______________________________________________________________
22. ________________________________________________________________
23. ________________________________________________________________
24. ________________________________________________________________
25. ________________________________________________________________
NAME __________________________________________ PER ____________Activity: MAKING MEANINGFUL MEASUREMENTSMetric System: The metric system is used by almost every country in the world, other than the U.S. It is also the preferred system of measurement for science.In the United States, we use the English System. Can you name some units that we use?1) Volume (liquid) _______________ 2) Mass ________________________
3) Length _______________________ 4) Temperature __________________
In the metric system, we will be using terms: Grams, Liters, Meters, Seconds, and Celsius. Which one is used for?5) Volume (liquid) _______6) Mass _______
7) Length ________8) Temperature _______
9) Time ____________
The metric system is much easier… it is based on units of 10! It’s easy to convert if you use the table below
Use the table above to help you make the following conversions:10) How many meters (m) are in 1 km?______11) How many mm are in 1 cm? _________
12) How many mg are in 1 g? ___________13) 8 cm = ___________ mm
MEASUREMENT LABLength - Measure the following in centimeters:14) Your hand span is ___________ cm. (outstretched hand between tip of thumb and tip of little finger)15) The width of your index fingernail is ____________cm. This is equal to ______________mm.16) Your foot is ___________________ cm in length. This is equal to ________________mm.Using the measurements you have from above, Estimate FIRST, and then check for accuracy:17) Width of this piece of paper ________ cm Actual length __________cm18) Length of pencil ________ cm Actual length __________cm19) Circumference of your wrist ___________ cm Actual length __________cmWrite down the best units to measure the items below. You may choose from mm, cm, m, or km:
20) length of classroom _____21) distance to San Diego ____22) thickness of a penny _____
23) your height _____24) distance around a tennis ball ____
MEASURING VOLUME25) What is the piece of equipment shown to the left called? ______________26) What is the volume of liquid in this beaker? __________________
Working with graduated cylinders: the surface of the liquid is curved. This is called the meniscus. When we read the volume, we read it at the BOTTOM of the meniscus.
27) What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder marked A? _____ mL
28) What is the volume of the liquid in the graduated cylinder marked B? _____mL
MEASURING MASS
29) Define mass:
30) What is the basic unit for mass? ______________Measure the mass of something that belongs to you or your lab partner. 31) What did you measure? ______________________________________32) What was the mass? __________________g33) Circle the best unit for measuring each mass:
a) Amount of salt in a batch of cookies: m g kgb) Your mass: mg g kgc) Mass of 10 pennies: mg g kg
MEASURING TIME:34) What is the basic unit for measuring time? _______________35) How many seconds are in:
a. 1 minute? ______ b. 1 Hour? _______ c. 2 days? _____
EVOLUTION SURVEYREAD THIS: VERY IMPORTANT! Please indicate whether each following statement is true or false, in terms of how you think biologists use and
understand the term "evolution" today. YOU do NOT necessarily have to AGREE with the statement for it to be "true" as you think biologists see it. On answer sheet, mark "T" for TRUE, or mark "F" for FALSE, according to biologists.
1. The evolution of major groups of animals and plants is an observed fact.
2. Evolution is something you should either believe in, or not believe in.
3. Evolution is a process which involved the origin of life.
4. Evolution is primarily concerned with the origin of humans.
5. According to evolution, people came from monkeys a long time ago.
6. Evolution was first proposed and explained by Charles Darwin.
7. Evolution is also known as "Natural Selection".
8. Evolution is something which happened only in the past; it is not happening now.
9. Evolution is something which happens to individual organisms.
10. Evolution is a totally random process, a series of "accidents".
11. Evolution was developed in order to destroy or undermine religion.
12. In order to accept evolution as a valid explanation, you cannot believe in God.
13. Evolution can be compatible with all the world's major religions.
14. Evolution increases structure and order, but that goes against Newton's second law of thermodynamics.
15. "Evolution is only a theory".
16. There is actually very little evidence for evolution.
17. One indication that evolution has not occurred is the total absence of "transitional (intermediate) fossils".
18. Fossils reveal many problems which evolution cannot explain.
19. Biological, medical and agricultural research is increasingly based on the assumption that evolution occurs.
20. Evolution has been tested and challenged many times, but has always been supported by the results.
21. Dinosaurs lived during the time of early humans.
22. Evolution involves individuals changing in order to adapt to their environment.
23. There is considerable observed evidence against evolution.
24. Science can productively study the past, based on evidence, so evolution is a proper subject for science.
Cladistics Lab
You are a scientist trying to determine the relationship between the organisms below. Using your knowledge of cladistics create a cladogram that represents how these animals are related. Cut out each of the animals illustrated below and glue them on a separate sheet of paper to create your cladogram.
Consider the following characteristics when designing your cladogram. The terms in bold should be included on your cladogram. Be sure all of your animals are arranged at the top of the cladogram and the distinguishing characteristics are listed.
1. Divide the animals into two groups depending on if they possess vertebrae.2. Divide the vertebrates into groups according whether they have an amniotic egg or not. (Hint: keep the
animals who give live birth with the amniotic egg animals.)3. Divide those who have amniotic eggs according to the presence of an exoskeleton.4. Divide those with endoskeleton according to whether or not they give live birth.5. Divide those with live birth depending on if they possess opposable thumbs.6. Return to your invertebrates. Divide them according to the presence of an exoskeleton.7. Divide those with exoskeletons according to whether they possess wings.
Owl Turtle Spider Butterfly
Chimpanzee Octopus Toad Elephant
EVOLUTIONARY THEORY, CLASSIFICATION & NATURE OF SCIENCETEST REVIEWSTANDARD 8
1. Explain all the ways that a person can “observe” the world around them._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2. What is the difference between a hypothesis and a theory?
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. What does CONPTT stand for? Give an example of each.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. Name something that is “supernatural” and explain why science can’t study it.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. What are the steps of the Scientific Method?
a. _______________________________________________b. _______________________________________________c. _______________________________________________d. _______________________________________________e. _______________________________________________
6. What is a variable?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7. What are the different types of variables?
a. ___________________________________b. ___________________________________
8. Explain the two types of observations and give an example of eacha. ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________b. ____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________9. What are examples of some constants in a lab?
______________________________________________________________________10. What is a control group?_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________11. What are the “Inferences” that Darwin made after his trip on the HMS Beagle?
a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
12. Explain why Darwin's Finches all have different bills and different diets.
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
a. What type of evolution is this? ____________________________13. Explains Lamarck’s theory
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
a. What did he call the traits? ___________________________________b. Give an example other than the giraffes___________________________________________________________c. Was his theory valid? _____________
14. What is a species? ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
15. What is an adaptation?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________16. What is a variation?______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________17. What is natural selection?____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________18. List the different lines of evidence for Evolution and give an example of each
a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
19. For both sets of structures, Identify if they are Homologous or Analogous and explain how you know!
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
20. What is a Vestigial Structure? Give and example______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________21. What are the two ways that a new species is produced. Explain each.
i. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
ii. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
22. What is it called when a species changes into two new species: a. Slowly over time? _____________________________b. Rapid spurts of change? ________________________c. Which one is supported by the fossil record? _______________________
23. List the different types of evolution and give an example of each.a. ____________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
24. Name the Kingdoms and give one special trait of each of the 5 kingdomsa. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________________d. ______________________________________________________________________e. ______________________________________________________________________
25. What general traits are used to classify thema. ____________________________________b. ____________________________________c. ____________________________________d. ____________________________________
26. What are the different types of arthropods? Describe what makes them different a. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________c. ______________________________________________________________________
27. What does the term vertebrate mean? _____________________________________________28. What are the different types of vertebrates? List a special trait for each one
a. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
b. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
c. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
d. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
e. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
29. What are the different types of mammals? List a special trait for each onea. ______________________________________________________________________b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
Possible Short Answers: What does it mean for an organism to be “fit” or “survive”?
Explain the theory of “Acquired Characteristics” including whose theory it was, whether it is valid & an example Describe the following parts of an experiment including Independent Variable, Dependent Variable and Control Describe the process natural selection by explaining the four inferences Darwin made. Why it it important that we use classification to name organisms? Give examples.
The Nature of Science, Evolution and ClassificationWHAT AM I?
Question Answer
1. I am the type of evolution that we see when unrelated species resemble each other due to a shared habitat.
2. I am the type of evolution that is seen when two unrelated species evolve to benefit each other.
3. I am the type of evolution that happens when one species gives rise to many other species.
4. I am the type of evolution that happens when related species become less similar over time due to different environments
5. I am an example of Divergent evolution
6. I am an example of Convergent evolution
7. I am an example of Adaptive Radiation
8. I am an example of Co-evolution
9. I am a structure that “works” the same way in different species
10. I am a structure that “looks” the same way in different species
11. I am a structure that no longer serves a function in an organism
12. I am the differences between species, and what evolution acts on
13. I am “who” evolution acts on.
14. I am the process of individuals adapting to their environment and therefore having more offspring.
15. I am the slow and steady rate of evolution of species, that is supported by the fossil record
16. I am the idea that evolution happens quickly, followed by long period of no change
17. I am the process of species isolation that makes it impossible for organisms to mate with each other
18. I am the process of species isolation due to differences in habitats
19. I am the evolutionary evidence based on DNA, or other Biological molecules
20. I am another name for a group of organism that can breed with each other
21. I am a trait that increase an organisms rate of survival
22. I am an assumption based on observation
23. I am the 6 criteria of science
24. I am the scientist that is considered the father of evolution , and studies on the HMS Beagle
25. I am the trait that was different in the finches that were studied
26. I am the theory that you lose or gain traits based on their use during your lifetime
27. I am the scientists that proposed the above theory (question #26)
28. I am an hypothesis supported by repeated experiments over time
29. I am change over time
30. I am the variable in an experiment that is changed during the experiment, I don’t depend on the other variables
31. I am the variable , who’s data is collect through observation and changes based on the other variable
32. I am the part of the experiment that does not change
33. I am a test of a hypothesis
34. I am the idea that science should be able to change, based on new evidence
35. I am the main reason that “God” can’t be studied by science
36. I am the preserved part of an organism that provides evidence for evolution, such as bones
37. I am the type of observation that results from taking measurements
38. I am the type of observation that results from using your 5 senses
39. I am in the Kingdom that contains Mammals
40. I am in the Kingdom that is mostly multicellular and contains Mushrooms and Yeast
41. I am in the Kingdom that contains Flowers
42. I am in the Kingdom that is classified based on movement, Zooplankton & Phytoplankton are examples
43. I am in the Kingdom that is unicellular , E.coli is an example
44. I am the ‘O’ part of the classification of organisms
45. I am the ‘K’ part of the classification of organisms
46. I am the ‘F’ part of the classification of organisms
47. I am the ‘C’ part of the classification of organisms
48. I am the ‘G’ part of the classification of organisms
49. I am the ‘S’ part of the classification of organisms
50. I am the ‘P’ part of the classification of organisms
51. I am the most diverse group of the invertebrates, and consist of insects, arachnids & crustaceans52. I am an organism that has a backbone
53. I am an organism that lacks the presence of a backbone
54. I am a mammal that lays eggs
55. I am a mammal that carries the young in a pouch
56. I am a mammal with a true placenta
57. I am the number of different vertebrates