Measuring Fatigue of Soldiers in Wireless Body

Area Sensor Networks

Prepared by: Shah Faisal Iqbal

Motivation What is Fatigue??? Proposed protocol Placement of nodes Scenarios Energy analysis Radio model parameters Transmission model Simulations and results Comparison table conclusion

Outline

Wireless Body Area Sensor Networks (WBASNs) consist of on-body and in-body sensors on human body for monitoring health.

In WBASNs protocols are concerned with energy efficiency.

Specific mobility scenarios are not considered in previous protocols.

Motivation

Fatigue, physical or mental, is a subjective feeling of tiredness.

Physical fatigue is the inability of muscles to maintain optimal physical performance.

Fatigue is caused by loaded work, depression, boredom, mental stress, lack of sleep, etc.

What is fatigue???

For improvement of security, we must know the physical status of soldiers.

An important factor in physical status of soldier is fatigue.

If we know state of fatigue in soldier then we can send backup to them.

We propose a protocol for measuring fatigue of soldier.

Proposed protocol

Four sensors are attached on body of soldiers• Temperature sensor• Blood glucose level sensor• Heartbeat sensor• Base station

Placement of nodes

Temperature sensor is placed on finger tip to measure temperature.

Blood glucose level sensor is also positioned on finger tip to measure glucose level in blood. • We assume that sensor takes blood samples

periodically and checks glucose level in blood.

Heartbeat sensor is placed on heart to measure heartbeat.

BS is placed on wrist of soldier, all the above three sensors send their data to BS.

Cont…

Cont… Placement of nodes on soldiers body.

We take three scenarios for measuring fatigue of soldier.◦ Walking (3.0 miles per hour)◦ Slow running (5.0 miles per hour)◦ Fast running (7.0 miles per hour)

In all the three scenarios, sensors sense the heartbeat, glucose level and temperature and send their data to BS.

Scenarios

For state of fatigue we use harris benedict formula. i.e.

BMR is the amount of energy required to maintain metabolic rate of body.

If soldier’s condition meets this level then this is called as state of fatigue.

Cont…

Energy consumption model used in paper is summarized in the following equations.

Where:Etx= transmission energy

Erx=Reception energy

Energy analysis

ERXelec=Energy dissipated by radio to run circuitry for receiver

ETXelec=Energy dissipated by radio to run the circuitry for transmitter

Eamp =Amplification energy

n=Path loss exponent

K=Number of transmitted bits

Cont…

Following are the parameters of radio model

Radio model parameters

Figure shows sending of data from nodes to BS(server)

Transmission of data

We used MATLAB for simulation.

Our goals in conducting simulation are,◦ Measuring fatigue of soldier while walking,

running slowly and running very fast.◦ Extension of sensor lifetime.

Simulation and results

From figure we can see that lifetime of sensors is more in walking scenario, because of less activities and sensor does not send data more often.

Life of sensor

Throughput of running scenario is higher then walking and slow running scenario because heartbeat increases faster and sensor has to send data.

Throughput

For measuring fatigue, we set a threshold by harris benedict formula.

1500 (joules) is set to be threshold in our simulations.

Figure in next slide shows the fatigue of soldier.

Fatigue

When soldier is walking state of fatigue comes later compared with slow and fast running scenarios because of soldiers activity.

Cont…

In fast running scenario sensors drain off their energy quickly than walking and slow running scenario, as they are busy in getting data from soldiers body.

Sensor’s residual energy

Comparison table of lifetime and throughput for three scenarios.

Comparison table

Table shows the fatigue of soldier in rounds.

When soldier is walking his state of fatigue in the 10182th round.

Table

Routing protocol for measuring fatigue of soldier.

Performs better in terms of sensor lifetime and throughput.

conclusion

Any Question ???

Thank you