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Measured Climate Induced Volume Changes of Three Glaciers and Current Glacier-Climate Response Prediction
By
D.C. Trabant1, R.S. March1, L.H. Cox1, W.D. Harrison2, and E.G. Josberger1
1 - US Geological Survey2 - University of Alaska, Fairbanks
Two small but hydrologically significant shifts in climate have affected the rates of glacier volume change at the three U.S. Geological Survey Benchmark glacier.
Bla bal bla ….
Gulkana Glacier
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
Wolverine Glacier
MA
SS
BA
LA
NC
E,
IN M
ET
ER
S W
AT
ER
EQ
UIV
AL
EN
T
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
South Cascade Glacier
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
1976-77Shift
1989Shift
R2 = 0.20
R2 = 0.00
R2 = 0.15
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
-6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
WOLVERINE MASS BALANCE, IN MWE
GU
LK
AN
A M
AS
S B
AL
AN
CE
, IN
MW
E
Net
Summer
Winter
R2 = 0.24
R2 = 0.26
R2 = 0.01
-5.0
-4.0
-3.0
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
-6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
WOLVERINE MASS BALANCE, IN MWE
S. C
AS
CA
DE
MA
SS
BA
LA
NC
E, I
N M
WE
Net
Summer
Winter
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
200550
100
150
200
250
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
200550
100
150
200
250
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
200550
100
150
200
250Winter Duration
DA
YS
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-14
-11
-8
-5
-2
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-14
-11
-8
-5
-2
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-14
-11
-8
-5
-2Winter Intensity
TE
MP
ER
AT
UR
E I N
CE
LSI U
S
Measured Climate Induced Volume Changes of Three Glaciers and Current Glacier-Climate Response Predictionby
D.C. Trabant, R.S. March, L. H. Cox, W.D Harrison, and E.G. Josberger
U.S. Geological Survey and University of Alaska
http://www-water-ak.usgs.gov/glaciology
Gulkana, Wolverine, and South Cascade Glaciers Cumulative Net Mass Balance
Gulkana Glacier
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
Wolverine Glacier
MA
SS
BA
LA
NC
E,
I N M
ET
ER
S W
AT
ER
EQ
UIV
AL
EN
T
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-15
-10
-5
0
5
South Cascade Glacier
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
1950 1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005-25
-20
-15
-10
-5
0
5
1976-77Shift
1989Shift
R2 = 0.20
R2 = 0.00
R2 = 0.15
-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
-6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
WOLVERINE MASS BALANCE, IN MWE
GU
LK
AN
A M
AS
S B
AL
AN
CE
, IN
MW
E
Net
Summer
Winter
R2 = 0.24
R2 = 0.26
R2 = 0.01
-5.0
-4.0
-3.0
-2.0
-1.0
0.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
-6.0 -4.0 -2.0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0
WOLVERINE MASS BALANCE, IN MWE
S. C
AS
CA
DE
MA
SS
BA
LA
NC
E, I
N M
WE
Net
Summer
Winter
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0
19651970
19751980
19851990
19952000
2005-3.0
-2.5
-2.0
-1.5
-1.0
-0.5
0.0Net Mass Balance
ME
TE
RS
WA
TE
R E
QU
IVA
LEN
T
Gulk
SC
Wolv
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
1
2
3
4
5Winter Balance
ME
TE
RS
WA
TE
R E
QU
IVA
LEN
T
SC
Wolv
Gulk
850 mbvs.
Gulkana
Wolverine
South Cascade
MJJAS Temp
Summer Balance
-0.64 0.18
0.60
0.66
Winter Balance
Summer
0.00
0.59
-0.64
Winter
-0.64
-0.81
ONDJFMA TempWinter Balance
MJJAS Rel Humid.
easterly 0.80
CombinedFav. Wind and RH
0.26
0.70
0.80
Directional WindsWinter Balance
easterly - 0.26
northerly 0.67
NCEP Reanalysis data Correlations
