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meaning "pore bearer" GROUP 36: JESSICA PENNEY, TONIKA LEVY, AND KRISTEN YOUNG Porifer a

meaning "pore bearer"

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Porifera. meaning "pore bearer". Sponge. Group 36: Jessica Penney, Tonika Levy, And Kristen Young. Evolutionary History. Previously assigned to a separate subkingdom, Parazoa Closest single-celled relatives are thought to be choanoflagellates Does not form a monophyletic group - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Porifera /prfr/; meaning "pore bearer"

meaning "pore bearer"Group 36: Jessica Penney, Tonika Levy, And Kristen YoungPoriferaSponge

Evolutionary HistoryPreviously assigned to a separate subkingdom, ParazoaClosest single-celled relatives are thought to be choanoflagellatesDoes not form a monophyletic groupFossil records of sponges have been found from about 580 million years agoArchaeocyathids were a type of coralline sponge~5000 known species; ~150 freshwater species

2Basic CharacteristicsCellular-level organizationBody support (skeleton) provided by spicules Filter feeders through pores Either radially symmetrical or asymmetricalSpicules and potential biotoxin for defenceAdults are sessile; larvae are motile Reproduction:HermaphroditesSexual ; Asexual

3StructureBody is divided into three layers:The outermost layer comprised of pinacocytesThe middle layer, mesohylThe innermost layer, choanocytes

Pinacocytes (Epidermal cells)Choanocytes (Collar cells)Mesohyl (Semi-fluid matrix)Water flowAsconoid Synconoid Leuconoid

4ClassificationPhylum Porifera Class CalcareaClass DemospongiaeClass Hexactinellida

5Class CalcareaAbout 400 described species in this groupExclusively marine; shallower, sheltered waters less than 1000mTropical regions associated with the coral reefsMembers of this group have large structural spiculesSkeletons made of calciteMainly dull, some colorful

6Class DemospongiaeContain the largest number of species with 4750 species organized into 10 ordersMarine environment; intertidal to the abyssal zone; some species inhabit freshwaterSilicate spicules or spongin fibers or both within their soft tissuesBrightly colored

7Class HexactinellidaGlass spongesDepths between 200 and 1000mAbundant in the AntarticUpright stature Skeleton made entirely of silica

8Sourceshttp://animaldiversity.ummz.umich.edu/site/accounts/information/Porifera.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sponge#Evolutionary_historyhttp://course1.winona.edu/mdelong/Invertebrate/Porifera.pdfhttp://www.buzzle.com/articles/porifera-characteristics.htmlhttp://palaeos.com/metazoa/porifera/porifera.htm

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