MDMP - OAC

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HOME OF THE PROFESSIONALS

Ref:

MILITARY DECISIONMAKING PROCESS

(MDMP)

REF: 7-10, 7-20, 101-5, 101-5-1

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Ref:

SCOPE

INTRO (C2)

TLP REVIEW

MDMP

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Ref:

COMMAND & CONTROL PROCESS

(C2)

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Ref:

DEFINITION

WHAT ISCOMMAND?

It is an autho ri ty that a

commander in them il i tary service law ful ly

exercises over his

subo rd inates b y v i r tue

of his rank or

assignment .

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Ref:

DEFINITION

WHAT IS CONTROL?

- It is th e exerc ise o fauthor i ty & is thecounterpart of

command.- It may also meansuperv is ion of theoperat ion whi leensur ing al l sys tems &activi t ies aresynchronized

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Ref:

DEFINITION

COMMAND &

CONTROL

PROCESS?

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Ref:

DEFINITIONCOMMAND & CONTROL PROCESS

is the process through which the act iv i ties o f them i l itary fo rces are

directed,

coord inated, and

contro l led

to accompl ish the m iss ion.

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Ref:

REVIEW

COMMAND & CONTROL SYSTEMFacil i t ies

Equipment

Communicat ionsProcedures

Personnel

Essential for the Commander for

Planning,Directing,

Controlling

Operations

to accomplish theAssigned Mission/Task

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Ref:

COMMAND & CONTROL PROCESS

ENDSTATE

all systems must work together

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Ref:

TROOP LEADING PROCEDURE(a review)

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Ref:

TROOP LEADING PROCEDURE

Process a leader goes through to prepare his

unit to accomplish a tactical mission

Comprises Eight (8) steps

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Ref:

EIGHT STEPS OF TLP

R- RECEIVE THE MISSION

I - ISSUE WARNORD

M - MAKE TENTATIVE PLAN

I - INITIATE MOVEMENT

C - CONDUCT RECON

C - COMPLETE THE PLAN

I - ISSUE THE ORDERS - SUPERVISE

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Ref:

PURPOSE OF TLP

To ensure that the

leader makes the best

use of t im e, equipment

and personnel in

accom pl ish ing the

miss ion .

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Ref:

RECEIVE

THE

MISSION

ISSUE

WARNINGORDER

MAKE

TENTATIVE

PLAN

INITIATE

MOVEMENT

CONDUCT

RECON

COMPLETE

THE

PLAN

ISSUE

OPORD

SUPERVISE

&

REHEARSE

TROOP LEADING PROCEDUREINITIAL

TIMELINE

INITIAL

MXNANALYSIS

DETAILED

MXN

ANALYSIS

COA

DEVT.

COA

ANALYSIS

COA

COMPA-

RISON

COA

SELECTION/

DECISION

5 PARA OPORD FORMAT

TIME

MISSION

TERRAIN &

WEATHER

ENEMY

TROOPS

CIVIL

I

P

B

A Analyze

Relative CombatPower

G GenerateOptions

A Array InitialForces

D Develop Schemeof Maneuver

A Assign C2

P Prepare COAStatement &

Sketch SUMMARY OF MXN ANALYSIS RESTATED MISSION

INITIAL CDRS INTENT INITIALRISK ASSESSMENT

TENTATIVE DP

MISSION TIME: NET/ AT/ NLT

1/3 2/3 RULE: Issue OPORD NLT 1/3 of Mission Time

PURPOSE: Mission, Intent, Concept 2 levels Up

TASK: Specified, Implied, Essential

CONSTRAINTS: Require or Prohibit Actions

RESTATED MXN: T&P w/ 5 Ws (Para 2)

EFFECTS OF TERRAIN

OBSTACLES: Existing & Reinforcing/ Unrestricted,

Restricted, Severely Restricted

AVENUES OF APPROACH: Air, Mounted, Dismounted

KEY TERRAIN: What significantly affects the mission

OBSERVATION & FIELDS OF FIRE

COVER & CONCEALMENT

&EFFECTS OF WEATHER

DISPOSITION: - Who is he?

- What is he doing?- Where did he come from?

- Where is he?

COMPOSITION: - W hat is/are his orgn/equipment?

STRENGTH: - How many? Troops/Equipment

CAP: - What is he able to do? (by BOS)

COA: - How will he use his troops/equipment?

(Use AGADAP)

What do I have?

Array forces 2 levels down

Civilians on the battlefieldMedia on the Battlefield

Civil Authorities

Non-Governmwnt Organizations

WARGAME AGAINST ENEMY CONCEPT

( Method: Box, Belt, Avenue in Depth)

ENHANCES SYNCHRONIZATION & FOCUS

ADVANTAGES/ DISADVANTAGES

COA COMPARED TO SELECTED CRITERIA

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:

MILITARY DECISION

MAKING PROCESS

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Ref:

MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS

Used to make decisions it is dynamic (TLP)

Is an adaptation of the Armys analytical

approach to problem solvingIs a tool that assists the commander & staff in

developing estimates & plans

It requires full coordination bet commander and

his staffIt begins and ends with the commander

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Ref:

1. RECEIVE THE MISSION

2. MISSION ANALYSIS

3. COA DEVELOPMENT4. COA ANALYSIS (WARGAME)

6. COA DECISION/APPROVAL

7. ORDERS PRODUCTION

MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESS

5. COA COMPARISON

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Ref:

1. RECEIVETHE MISSION FACTS &

ASSUMPTIONS2. MISSIONANALYSIS

CDR'SRESTATEDMISSION

CDR'SGUIDANCE 3. COA DEVELOPMENT

CDR'SGUIDANCE

4. COA ANALYSIS(WARGAME)

6. COA DECISION

DECISION

APPROVE/MODIFY

FINALIZE PLAN

7. ORDERSPRODUCTION

SUPERVISION/

REHEARSAL

STAFF ESTIMATES

S1- PERSONNEL ESTIMATE

S2- SITUATION TEMPS/IPB/PIR

S3- MISSION ANALYSISS4- LOGISTICS ESTIMATE

MILITARY DECISION-MAKING PROCESSWARNORD #1

5. COACOMPARISON

A Analyze Relative

Combat Power

G Generate Options

A Array Initial Forces

D Develop Scheme

of Maneuver

A Assign C2P Prepare COA

Statements &

Sketches

MISSION

ANALYSIS

BRIEF

COA

BRIEF

DECISION

BRIEF

OPORD

BRIEF

WARNORD #2

WARNORD #3

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Ref:

Receipt of oral or written orders from higher HQ

In WARNORD, OPORD, FRAGO form

Conduct initial mission analysis

Determ ine TASK

Determ ine PURPOSE

Determine COMDRS INTENT

Make initial Timeline

STEP 1: RECEIPT OF MISSION

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Ref:

Where will I get it?

TASK & PURPOSEpara 3

a 1 (Maneuver para of

OPORD)

COMMANDERs INTENT

para 3 (Execution, before

concept of operation)

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Ref:

INITIAL TIMELINE

You may do the backward planning: from mission

time (Attack Time or Defend Time) back to receipt

of OPORD Consider the TIMINGs in the Coordinating

Instructions

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Ref:

INITIAL TIMELINE

= LIMITED VISIBILITY

RECEIVEDORDER

DEFENDNLT

011200 011230 011400 011800 012000 020600 022000 030600

MOVEMENT BNREHEARSAL EENT EENTBMNT BMNT

TOTAL TIME AVAILABLE: 42 HOURS1/3 - 2/3 RULE : 1/3 = NLT 02 0200H (ISSUANCE OF COY OPORD)

DUE TO LIMITED VISIBILITY : 0200H IS NOT PRACTICAL

YOU MAY ISSUE OPORD INSTEAD AT 1900H

ISSUE COY OPORD

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Ref:

2. ISSUE WARNING ORDER Try to immediately issue WO to lower units

No specific format; but 5 paragraph OPORD formatmay be used

Situat ion

Mission

Execut ion

Service Support

Command & Signal

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Ref:

WARNORD #1

5 Para OPORD Format covering:

- Enemy & Friendly Situation, TO

- Battalion Mission

- Expected Company Tasks

- Method of Movement

- Area of Operation/Objective

- Tentative Timeline

- Additional Information

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:

STEP 2: MISSION ANALYSIS

STEP 1: Analyze higher orderSTEP 2: Conduct initial IPB

STEP 3: Determine Specified & Implied TasksSTEP 4: Review available assetsSTEP 5: Determine ConstraintsSTEP 6: ID critical facts/assumptionsSTEP 7: Conduct Risk Assessment

STEP 8: Determine initial CCIRSTEP 9: Determine initial R&S PlanSTEP 10: Plan use of timeSTEP 11: Write Restated MissionSTEP 12: Conduct Mission Analysis BriefSTEP 13: Approve Restated MissionSTEP 14: Develop initial CDRs IntentSTEP 15: Issue CDRs GuidanceSTEP 16: Issue WARNORD # 2

STEP 17: Review facts/assumptions

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Ref:

MISSION ANALYSIS (TM-TET-C)

TIME ANALYSIS

ANALYSIS OF MISSION

TERRAIN & WEATHER ANALYSIS

ENEMY ANALYSIS

TROOP ANALYSIS

CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS

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Ref:


TIME ANALYSIS

Refines allocation of time

How much time is available

1/3 2/3 Rule

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Ref:

TIME ANALYSIS

GOAL is to determine the useable time available toboth you and your subordinates.

Consider Critical Times such as:

- CROSSING OF LD - ASSAULT TIME- DEFEND NLT - HIGHER REHEARSAL

- RECON - BEGIN/CONDUCT MVT.

- LIMITED VISIBILITY

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Ref:

TIME ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE


RECEIVEDORDER

DEFENDNLT

011200 011230 011400 011800 012000

020600

022000 030600

MOVEMENT BNREHEARSAL EENT EENTBMNT BMNT

TOTAL TIME: 42 HOURSMOVEMENT 2 HOURSBN REHEARSAL 1 HOURCO ROCK DRILL 1 HOUR

MINUS REHEARSE EA 1 HOURKEY LDR TRAVEL 2 HOURS

TO CO EVENTS

LIM VIS DEGRADATION 8 HOURS (40%BASED ONILLUM OF 80%)

AVAILABLE TIME: 27 HOURS

1/3 - 2/3 = CO OPORD NLT 012100MAY ISSUE OPORD AT 011900H

ISSUE COY OPORD

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Ref:

TIME ANALYSIS TECHNIQUE


BN ISSUANCE OF

ORDER

DEFENDNLT

011200 011230 011400 011800 012000 020600 022000 030600

MOVEMENT

BNREHEARSAL

EENT EENTBMNT BMNTISSUE COY OPORD

EENTBMNT

EENTBMNT

EENT BMNT

EENT BMNT

OWN

1UP

ENYENEMY RECON

ENEMY PREP FIRES

(Parallel Planning)

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Ref:


ANALYSIS OF MISSION

Understand Purpose of Bn Mission

(Mission, Concept, Intent 2 levels up) Determine Tasks

(Specified, Implied, Essential)

Constraints (require or prohibit actions)

Restated MissionT&P w/ 5 Ws

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Ref:

ANALYSIS OF MISSION

(Understand Purpose of Coy Mission, Concept & Intent 2 Up)

T: DESTROY

P: Prevent enemy

from seizing X-site

X

T: DESTROYP: Prevent enemy

from seizing X-site

II

ME

MET: DISRUPTP: Prevent enemy

from massing on MESE1

II

T: BLOCKP: Prevent enemy

from bypassing ME

II

SE2

T: BLOCK

P: Prevent enemy from

bypassing BDE ME

IT: DESTROY


enveloping ME from NW

T: DESTROY


enveloping ME from SE

II

MESE1 SE2

2 LEVELS UP

1 LEVEL UP

UNIT LEVEL

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Ref:

ANALYSIS OF MISSION:

Determine Tasks:

Specifieddirected by higher HQor those stated in the OPORD

Impliednot stated in theOPORD but must be executed to

accomplish the specified tasks

Essential specified tasks thatmust be accomplished for the higherunit to be successful in achieving its

mission

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Ref:


Understand Constraints:

Those that require actionex. maintain platoon in reserve

Those that prohibit action

ex. do not cross phase line Bull until

authorized

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Ref:


Prepare Mission Statement:

WHO WHAT mission essential task

WHEN taken from the OPORD

WHERE Obj area or defense location

WHY rationale (purpose) for the tasktaken from Concept of Operation of Para 3of higher OPORD

Ex. 43IB, 803BDE, SE1, attacks in zone at 010200May 09 to seize OBJ DOG (TT615243) in o rder toprevent enemy forces from enveloping into theBDEs main effort from the southeast.

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:


TERRAIN ANALYSIS

Obstacles existing & reinforcing(Restricted, Severely Restricted, Unrestricted)

Avenues of Approach(Air, Mounted, Dismounted)

Key Terrain

Observation & Fields of Fire

Cover & Concealment

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Ref:

MISSION ANALYSIS (TM-TET-C)WEATHER ANALYSIS

Light Data (BMNT, EENT, moonrise or set)

Precipitation

Temperature and humidity

Wind speed & direction

Visibility

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Ref:


ENEMY ANALYSIS

Understand IPB

Enemy Disposition

Enemy Composition &

Strength

Enemy Capabilities byBOS

Enemy COA

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Ref:


TROOP ANALYSIS

Determine combat power ofown force

Array initial forces 2 levels

down Array availableassets/firepower

Determine status of

soldiers & equipment

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Ref:

MISSION ANALYSIS (TM-TET-C)CIVIL ANALYSIS

Civilians on thebattlefield

Media on the Battlefield

Civil Authorities

Non-GovernmentalOrganizations

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:

SUMMARY of MISSION ANALYSIS

Derive the fol low ing : Restated Mission (determined already)

Initial Commanders Intent

(w/ respect to Enemy, Terrain, End-state)

Initial Risk Assessment(Tactical & Accidental Risks)

Tentative Decisive Point

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Ref:

SUMMARY of MISSION ANALYSIS

Derive the Initial Commanders Intent: Clear & concise statement of what the forces mustdo with respect to: ENEMY

TERRAIN

DESIRED END-STATE

Does not include the method (how) by which theforce will get from its current state to the end state

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Ref:

EX. COMMANDERS INTENT In relation to Enemy:

All enemy forces at OBJ BULL destroyed Enemy forces fixed in EA DOG

Enemy recon forces destroyed prior to reaching PL FISH

In relation to Terrain:

Company controls west side of Taclang-Damulag NLT XX Company reaches PL DOG NLT XX

In relation to Desired Endstate: Company in defensive posture NLT XX, able to destroy en

counter attack along AA RED

52IB passed through CP2 without significant delay

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Ref:

SUMMARY of MISSION ANALYSIS Also der ive the fol low ing:

Initial Risk Assessment

Tactical due to enemy presence

Accidental other than tactical Tentative Decisive Point

a point, if retained provides a marked advantage;

usually geographic in nature/ physical elements; a

time or location where enemy weakness is positionedthat allows overwhelming combat power to be

generated against it

DECISIVE POINT

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Ref:

DECISIVE POINTIs where the unit will mass the effects of overwhelming

combat power to achieve result with respect to terrain,enemy, & time that will accomplish the units purpose.

T:

P:

I

T:

P:

I

SE2T:

P:SE1

I

T:

P:

I

SE3

ME

DP


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Ref:


All Staff Officers- Specified and Implied Tasks- Mission Essential Tasks

- Constraints- Recommended CCIR- Assets available

S-1- Status of org/attached units

- Forcasted personnel status- Surgical-Medical assets avail

S-2- Initial IPB- Battlefield environment- Describe battlefield effects

- Evaluate the threat

S-3- Current combat power- Current situation of sub units- Status of current task org

- MSN and Intent - 2 levels up

S-4- Maintenance status- Forecasted veh/weapons status

- Supply status- Transportation available

Sig-O- Commo maintenance status- Higher HQ signal plan

FSO- Fire spt capabilities- Recommended FS tasks- HVT by critical events- IPB, target value analysis

Engr-O- Terrain analysis support- Capabilities of Engineer units

ADO- Current C2- ADW/WCS

- ADA coverage available


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Ref:


MISSION ANALYSIS BRIEF

S3/XO: - SET-UP

S3: - MISSION & INTENT (2 UP)

S2: - INITIAL IPB

- INITIAL HVTs

- INITIAL EVENT TEMPLATE

- INITIAL R & S PLAN

S3: - CURRENT TASK ORG

- CURRENT SECURITY PLAN- SPEC / IMPL TASKS

- CONSTRAINTS

- HAZARDS

- RESTATED MISSION

- I NITIAL COLLECTION PLANFSO: - ASSETS AVAILABLE

EN: - CONTRAINTS , ASSETS

ADO: - RESTRICTIONS / CAPABILITIES

S1/S4: - PERS. STAT / CRITICAL SPLY

XO: - PROPOSED OPS/PLNG TIMELINE

RECEIVE CDRS GUIDANCE

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Ref:

WARNORD #2


- TO: Attachments & Detachments

- Situation: Enemy & Friendly- Mission

- Execution: Bn Cdrs Intent & Purpose of Fires

- Specific Instructions

- Service Support (Concept of Support)- Command & Signal

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:

Step 1. Analyze relative combat power.

Step 2. Generate conceptual possibilities.

Step 3. Array initial forces.

Step 4. Develop the scheme of maneuver.

Step 5. Assign HQs

Step 6. Prepare COA statements and sketches.

STEP 3: COA DEVELOPMENT

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Ref:

COA DEVELOPMENT

Develop at least 2 COAs

Doc tr inal ly, a leg it imate COA must be:

SuitableFeasible

Acceptable

Distinguishable

Complete

Six-step Technique - AGADAP

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Ref:

1. RELATIVE COMBAT POWERANALYSIS (RCPA)

Analyze relative combat power:

...An estimate of the general overall

relationship of the combat power of hisforces to that of the enemy forces,

including significant strengths and

weaknesses.

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Ref:

COA DEVELOPMENT (AGADAP)

ANALYZE RELATIVE COMBAT POWER

Determine Enemy & Friendly Strengths &Weaknesses w/ respect to:

Maneuver

Firepower

Protection

LeadershipDeductions

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HOME OF THE PROFESSIONALSRef:

Elements of Combat Power:

Maneuvermovement of combat forces togain positional advantage

Firepowerthe amount of fire that may

be deliveredProtectionconserves fighting potential of

the force so commanders can apply it todecisive point in time and space

Leadershipcompetent and confidentofficers and NCOs

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RCPAGoal is to apply friendly strengths against enemy

vulnerabilities

FRIENDLY ENEMY GENERAL FACTORSSTRENGTH WEAKNESS

WEAKNESS STRENGTHSTRENGTH WEAKNESS



WEAKNESS STRENGTH

M

F

P

L

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2. GENERATE OPTIONS

Brainstorming is the preferred technique.

- requires time, imagination, and creativity,

but it produces the widest range of options.

The staff first determines the Decisive Point.

- this is where the unit will mass the effects of

overwhelming combat power to achieve a result with

respect to terrain, enemy, and time that willaccomplish the units purpose.

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GENERATE OPTIONS

Determine Decisive Point

Determine Tasks & Purposes of Main Effort

& Supporting Efforts

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DECISIVE POINT

A point, usually geographical in nature, that when

retained provides a commander with a marked

advantage over his opponent. (Def Ops) (FM 100-5,

Pg.. G-2)

Allows us to focus the effects of our combat power(FM 7-10, Pg.. 2-25)

Each COA should be developed starting at a

potential decisive point (FM 7-10, Pg.. 2-25)

DECISIVE POINT

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DECISIVE POINT(CONT)

Different COAs may focus on potentially different DPs

(FM 7-20, Pg.. 2-16), but at the tactical level there

should be only one DP in order to maintain focus.

The main effort is usually applied at the Decisive Point. Action at the Decisive Point creates the conditions

necessary for mission success.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

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RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN

DP & MAIN EFFORT

Main effort is tasked towards the Decisive Point

T:

P:

I

T:

P:

I

SE2T:

P:SE1

I

T:

P:

I

SE3

ME

DP

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3. ARRAY INITIAL FORCES Planners determine the ratio of friendly to enemy

units required for each task, starting with the ME and

continuing through all SE/s. (consider the entire BF

framework, including close, deep, rear, reserve, recon

and scty opns.)

Planners normally array ground forces 2 levels down.

The initial array focuses on generic ground maneuver

units without regard to specific type or TO, and then

considers all combat multipliers, as appropriate.

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ARRAY INITIAL FORCES

Determine specific number ofplatoons & weapons toaccomplish each task

Allocate resources required forthe main effort & then thesupporting efforts indescending order ofimportance

4 DEVELOP THE SCHEME OF MANEUVER

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4. DEVELOP THE SCHEME OF MANEUVER

Describes how arrayed forces will accomplish thecommanders intent.

It is the central expression of the commandersconcept for operations and governs the design of

supporting plans or annexes. During this step, units are converted from generic tospecific types of units, such as armor, light infantry, andmech infantry.

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DEVELOP SCHEMES OF MANEUVER

Describe how the COA is unfolding from the start

to its conclusion or end-state

Determine the bests ways to use the terrain

Determine how to best employ the units strengths

against the enemys weaknesses

Develop maneuver control measures

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5. ASSIGN HEADQUARTERS

Planners assign HQs to grouping of forces, creating

a TO.

This assignment should consider the types of units

to be assigned to a HQs and its span of control. A HQs controls at least two subordinate maneuver

units, but not more than five.

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ASSIGN HEADQUARTERS

Assign specific subordinate elements as main &supporting efforts

Provide adequate command and control of eachelement

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6. PREPARE COA STATEMENTS

AND SKETCHES

The COA statement must clearly portray how

the unit will accomplish the mission and explain

the scheme of maneuver.

The sketch provides a picture of the maneuver

aspects of the COA.

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PREPARE COA STATEMENTS &

SKETCHES

Focus on all significant actions from start

of the COA to finish Whenever possible, prepare a sketch

showing each COA

COA STATEMENT FORMAT

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COA STATEMENT FORMAT1. DECISIVE POINT (DP)

2. REASON FOR BEING A DP

3. FORM OF MANEUVER

4. TASK & PURPOSE OF ME(Generic)

5. TASK & PURPOSES OF SEs(Generic)

6. PURPOSES OF COMBAT SUPPORT

UNITS/ASSETS

7. END-STATE

EXAMPLE COA SKETCH

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Ref:

EXAMPLE COA SKETCH

455

325

1

2 X 60 mm

LD LD

DOA

BLUE

ORP

ASSLT PSN

ATK PSN

OBJ TOOL

OBJ BOX

Legend

1st Event

2d Event

3d Event

4th Event (Main Attack)

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Ref:

QUESTIONS

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Ref:

STEP 4 ANALYZE COA (WARGAME)

Friendly COA against Enemy MPCOA How the fight will take place

Where risks are taken Where decisions are required

Helps determine advantages &

disadvantages

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Ref:

Method: Action, Reaction, Counter-action

Techniques:

Box

Belt

Avenue in DepthDone for each COA FM 7-10

Pg.. 2-26

ANALYZE COA

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Ref:

ANALYSIS OF COA

WARGAME THEFF COA AGAINSTEN COA

Box Technique - specific area of battlefield

Belt Technique - divide COA into phases

Avenue in Depth Technique - along one

avenue of approach at a time

STEP 5 COMPARE COA

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Ref:

STEP 5: COMPARE COAs

SIGNIFICANT FACTORS: Factors that areunique to the success of a particular operation.

Derived from relative combat power

analysis

Evaluation criteria for COA selection

3-5 Significant factors necessary for

comparison

FM 7-10

Pg.. 2-31

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Ref:

COA #1 COA #2 COA #3COAs

Factor

Total

Completes

action at

DP early

Enemy

reacting to

our will

Achieves

tactical

surprise

Soldiers

load

+-

-

+

+-

+

+

-+

-

-0 2 -2

DECISION MATRIX (SAMPLE)


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Ref:

COA #1 COA #2 COA #3COAsFactors

Total

Principles of War

Battlefield

Operating System

Elements of

Combat Power

Soldiers Load


WT

.40

.25

.15

.20

1.00

1

1

1

1

2

22

2

3

3

3

3

GOOD - 1BETTER - 2BEST - 3

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Ref:

COA COMPARISON

COMPARE COAs

WEIGH THE :

Advantages Disadvantages

Strengths

Weaknesses

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Ref:

COA APPROVAL

COMDR WILL DECIDE:

WHICH FRIENDLY COA WILL BE

CONSIDERED (CHANGED OR MODIFIED)

EN MPCOA - CONFIRMED OR MAKE

ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS

HVTs

PIRs/IRs

COA/DECISION BRIEFING

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Ref:

COA/DECISION BRIEFINGS3/XO - SET UP

S3 - MSN/INTENT (2 UP)

- RESTATED MSN- Update Time Analysis

S2 - UPDATE IPB

(Weather, Enemy Sit,

EMPCOA as needed)S3 - ASSUMPTIONS

- BRIEF COAs

- GENERIC TASK ORG,

COA STATEMENT &

SKETCH

- ADVANT/DISADVANT

OF EACH COA

- RECOMMEND COA

CDR MAKESDECISION,

ISSUES

GUIDANCE, &

IMPROVES/ADJUSTS CCIR

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Ref:

AFTER THE DECISION BRIEF

Commanders additional guidance and theapproved COA are given

WARNO #3 sent to subordinate units.

Additional information is gathered and putback into the process as necessary.

Synch Matrix completed

Complete the plan

WARNORD #3

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Ref:

WARNORD #3


- TO: Attachments & Detachments

- Updated Situation: Enemy & Friendly- Mission

- Execution: Bn Cdrs Intent & Concept

- Updates on Specific Instructions/ Timeline

- Service Support- Command & Signal

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Ref:

CONDUCT RECON

Recon should confirmPriority Intelligence

Requirements (PIR)

If possible, includesubordinate leaders in

the reconnaissance

If possible, try to see the

view of the decisive point

FINALIZE THE PLAN

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Ref:

FINALIZE THE PLANMODIFY/FINALIZE PLAN

-S1/S4 =CONCEPT OF SUPPORT

-S2 =REFINE R&S PLAN

-S3 =OPORD/FRAGO

-OTHERS FINALIZE SPT PLANS

ORDERS BRIEF

SUPERVISE

BRIEFBACK

INSPECT

REHEARSE

Staff prepares the Annexesneeded to complete the plan

Staff supervises implementationof the plan as directed by the Cdror XO.

Staff prepares the rehearsal forthe Commander

Staff conducts rehearsalsinternalto their staff sections.

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Ref:

COMPLETE THE PLANMay or may not alter the tentative

plan as a result of the recon

Refine concept and plans for fireFocus on specific tasks of all

elements

Make the plan simple

STEP 7 ORDERS PRODUCTION

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Ref:

Ensure that subordinates understand:

what must be done

when it must be done

how it must be done how will the elements work together

how it supports the intent of higher unit cmdr

Order does not contain unnecessary info

Make use of Terrain Model

Use 5-paragraph OPORD format

STEP 7:ORDERS PRODUCTION

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Ref:

OPERATIONS ORDER

Relays necessary info to subordinates tocarry out an operation

Common 5 paragraph formatCommon tactical language -FM 101-5-1

Oral and / or written

OPORD CHARACTERISTICS

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Ref:

OPORD CHARACTERISTICS

GOOD COMBAT ORDERS...

Have Clarity

Are Complete and Brief

Are Timely

Allow initiative by recognizing subordinates

freedom of action within the commanders intent

SUPPLEMENTS TO ORDERS

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Ref:

SUPPLEMENTS TO ORDERSShould amplify or clarify the OPORD

Overlays -- Friendly and Enemy

Fire Support, R&S, Ops, Movement

Intel, EventConcept Sketch

Terrain Model

Execution & Fire Support MatrixAnnexes, etc.

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Ref:

FRAGMENTARY ORDERS

No plan survives first contact with the enemy - VON MOLTKE

Provides timely changes to existing orders

Used to supplement orders while operations

are in progress

Only what is changed is normally sent

Follows OPORD formatFM 7-10

Pg.. G-4

SUPERVISION/ REHEARSAL

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Ref:

Re-supp ly, H2O and rat ions

Inspect un i form , equ ipment, weapons and

ammuni t ion

Movement and Protect ions

Communicat ion & Maintenance

Fire Suppo rt and Eng ineering act iv i t ies

Briefbacks

SUPERVISION/ REHEARSAL

S S

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Ref:

REHEARSALS

Radio Rehearsal

Map Rehearsal

Sketch Map RehearsalTerrain Model Rehearsal

Key Leader Rehearsal

Full Rehearsal

REHEARSALS

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Ref:

REHEARSALS

Fire and Maneuver (Battle Drills)Actions on unexpected enemy

contact

Actions on ObjectiveBreaching Obstacles

Assaulting Bunkers/ enter building

Clearing of trenchLoading and unloading of aircraft

OUTPUT- WARNORD #1- Commanders Guidance

INPUT- Mission Received ordeduced

MDMP 1/3

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Ref:

Commander s Guidance

STEP 1

RECEIPT OF MISSION

STEP 1: Analyze higher order

STEP 2: Conduct initial IPB

STEP 3: Determine Specified & Implied TasksSTEP 4: Review available assets

STEP 5: Determine Constraints

STEP 6: ID critical facts/assumptions

STEP 7: Conduct Risk Assessment

STEP 8: Determine initial CCIR

STEP 9: Determine initial R&S Plan

STEP 10: Plan use of timeSTEP 11: Write Restated Mission

STEP 12: Conduct Mission Analysis Brief

STEP 13: Approve Restated Mission

STEP 14: Develop initial CDRs Intent

STEP 15: Issue CDRs Guidance

STEP 16: Issue WARNORD

STEP 17: Review facts/assumptions

All Staff Officers- Specified and Implied Tasks

- Mission Essential Tasks

- Constraints- Recommended CCIR

- Assets available

S-1- Status of org/attached units

- Forecasted personnel status

- Surgical-Medical assets avail

S-2

- Initial IPB- Battlefield environment

- Describe battlefield effects

- Evaluate the threat

S-3- Current combat power

- Current situation of sub units

- Status of current task org

- MSN and Intent - 2 levels up

S-4- Maintenance status

- Forecasted veh/weapons status

- Supply status- Transportation available

S-6- Commo maintenance status

- Higher HQ signal plan

FSO- Fire spt capabilities

- Recommended FS tasks

- HVT by critical events- IPB, target value analysis

Engineer- Terrain analysis support

- Capabilities of Engineer units

ADO- Current C2

- ADW/WCS

- ADA coverage available

STEP 2

MISSION ANALYSIS

OUTPUT- WARNORD #2- Initial Timeline, Initial R& S Plan

MDMP 2/3

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Ref:

STEP 1: GATHER THE TOOLS

STEP 2: LIST ALL FRIENDLY FORCES

STEP 3: LIST ASSUMPTIONS

STEP 4: LIST KNOWN CRITICAL EVENTS

AND DECISION

STEP 5: DETERMINE EVALUATION CRITERIA

STEP 6: SELECT WARGAME METHOD

STEP 7: SELECT METHOD TO RECORD AND

DISPLAY RESULT

STEP 8: WARGAME AND ASSESS

CONDUCT JOINT RCPAS-3

DET. DECISIVE POINT

DET. PURPOSESDET. TASKS

DET T.O./ASSIGN C2

EST. CONTROL MEAS.

PREP COA STATEMENT

AND SKETCH

ARRAY FORCES (2 DOWN)

MIN. 2 X COAs

S-2

IPB CONTINUES

REFINE SITTEMPsREFINE EVENTTEMPs

NAIs/TAIs

PRODUCE LARGE SCALE

TERRAIN SKETCH OF

AO/AI FOR WARGAME

STAFF REFINES ESTIMATES

COA STATEMENT & SKETCH

DRAWN LARGE AND TO SCALE

R & S ASSETS MUST HAVE

-FIRE SUPPORT -CSS (medical; resupply)

-REDUNDANCY -CLEAR SPECIFIC FOCUS

-COMMO; C2

-Means to display forces /COA sketches

-Initial Event Template / EN Events List

-HVT List / Friendly Assets / CDRs Guidance

-Synch Matrix / Blank Butcher Pad

TOOLS

HASTY WARGAME

1. Basis for Comparison (CDRs Decision

Brief)

2. Use Box Method for Critical Events

3. Wargame each COA vs.. each EN COA

4. Record graphically on SITTEMP

5. Record on Synch Matrix/Create a Decision

Matrix6. 15-20 Minutes per Friendly COA

MISSION ANALYSIS BRIEF

S3/XO: -SET-UP

S3: -MISSION & INTENT (2 UP)

S2: -INITIAL IPB-INITIAL HVTs

-INITIAL EVENT TEMPLATE

-INITIAL R & S PLAN

S3: -CURRENT TASK ORG

-CURRENT SECURITY PLAN

-SPEC / IMPL TASKS

-CONSTRAINTS

-HAZARDS

-RESTATED MISSION

-INITIAL COLLECTION PLAN

FSO: -ASSETS AVAILABLE

EN: -CONTRAINTS

ADO: -RESTRICTIONS / CAPABILITIES

S1/S4: -PERS. STAT / CRITICAL SPLY

XO: -PROPOSED OPS/PLNG TIMELINE

RECEIVE CDRS GUIDANCE

STEP 3

COA DEVELOPMENT

STEP 4

COA ANALYSIS(Wargame)

Initial Timeline, Initial R& S Plan

FROM MISSION ANALYSIS

OUTPUT- WARNORD #3- Updated R&S Plan, Updated IPB, COA & Sketches

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Ref:

7

All Products Carried Over to

Detailed Wargame

S2/S3 Adjust R & S Plan

Based on Selected COA

WARGAME PROVIDES

1. Strength and Weakness of each COA

2. Update EVENT TEMP

3. Initial SYNCH MATRIX4. Draft CCIR (PIR, FFIR, EEFI)

5. Sound basis for recommending COA

DECISION BRIEF

S3/XO - SET UP

S3 - MSN/INTENT (2 UP)

-RESTATED MSN-Update Time Analysis

S2 - UPDATE IPB

(Weather, Enemy Sit,

EMPCOA as needed)

S3 - ASSUMPTIONS

-BRIEF COAs

-GENERIC TASK ORG,

COA STATEMENT &

SKETCH

-ADVANT/DISADVANT

OF EACH COA

-RECOMMEND COA

SMEs CAN BRIEF ADVANT/

DISADVANT AND COA

FEASIBILITY

CDR MAKES DECISION,

ISSUES GUIDANCE, &

IMPROVES/ADJUSTS CCIR

-Makes Transition from COA to

Scheme of Maneuver

-Wargame Selected COA vs EMPCOA

Until Desired Endstate is Achieved

-S2 Knowledge of Enemy is Critical

-Create and Use DST

-Event Analysis/Targeting (HVT/HPT)

(ID Targeting related to Decision Points

-Record Graphics on COA Overlay

-Record results on SYNCH MAT

DETAILED WARGAME

CAPTURING DATA THROUGH

DETAILED RECORDING ISCRITICAL TO THE PROCESS

DETAILED WARGAME

PROVIDES:-Final OPNS Graphics-CONPLAN Graphics

-Final R & S Plan

-Final DSM

-Base Scheme of Maneuver

-Final DST

-Final EVENT TEMP

-CCIR Adjustments

-5 PARAGRAPH OPORD

-ANNEXES TO OPORD

-SIT TEMP

-EVENT TEMP

-FIRE SPT OVERLAY-HPTs

-FSEM

-TGT LIST WORKSHEET

-ENGINEER MATRIX

-DST

-SYNCH MATRIX

-R & S OVERLAY

Upon Completing Base Plan:Wargame other Enemy COAs

Record results on Overlay using

dashed lines (CONPLAN)

Synch CONPLAN and determine

Decision Points/PIR

Determine criteria for activating

CONPLANs

STEP 5

COA COMPARISON

STEP 6

COA APPROVAL

STEP 7

ORDERS PRODUCTION

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END

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MDMP - OAC